US4162576A - Appliances for treating teeth - Google Patents

Appliances for treating teeth Download PDF

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Publication number
US4162576A
US4162576A US05/780,367 US78036777A US4162576A US 4162576 A US4162576 A US 4162576A US 78036777 A US78036777 A US 78036777A US 4162576 A US4162576 A US 4162576A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tip
tray
casing
open end
membrane wall
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/780,367
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English (en)
Inventor
Kiyochika Takemoto
Yasuo Suzuki
Yoshihito Ochiai
Syozi Nakashima
Midori Hayashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lion Hamigaki KK
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Lion Hamigaki KK
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Publication date
Application filed by Lion Hamigaki KK filed Critical Lion Hamigaki KK
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Publication of US4162576A publication Critical patent/US4162576A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
    • A61C17/20—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices using ultrasonics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
    • A61C19/06—Implements for therapeutic treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to appliances for treating teeth, particularly human teeth.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus to be utilized for applying to teeth a reinforcing acid-resistant layer of a tooth decay retarding agent.
  • the invention relates especially to an apparatus which is capable of exposing teeth to the radiation of ultrasonic waves while the teeth are engaged by the decay retarding agent.
  • the apparatus includes a vibrator means which has a vibratory tip which is vibrated at an ultrasonic frequency by the vibrator means.
  • a casing means carries the vibrator means and has a tubular open end region in which the vibratory tip is at least partially accommodated.
  • An elastic membrane wall is carried by the casing means extending across the open tubular end region thereof, and the vibratory tip of the vibrator means extends through this membrane wall.
  • the membrane wall has a fluid-tight engagement with the vibratory tip, and this fluid-tight engagement is maintained while the vibratory tip is vibrated.
  • a free end portion of the vibratory tip extends outwardly beyond the membrane wall to be received in the interior of a tray means where a liquid vibration-transmitting medium is situated, with the construction being such that when the tray means is attached to the tubular open end region of the casing means the vibratory tip will penetrate into the interior of the tray means while at the same time there will be a prevention of loss of the vibration-transmitting liquid and also a prevention of the incorporation of air bubbles into the interior of the tray means where the liquid vibration-transmitting medium is situated.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are graphs illustrating the results achieved with the treatment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective illustration of an example of an appliance for treating the teeth
  • FIG. 4 is a section taken along line IV--IV of FIG. 3 in the direction of the arrows and schematically illustrating how teeth are treated;
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of an embodiment of an appliance according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5A shows part of the structure of FIG. 5 during assembly of a tray means with a casing means which carries a vibrator means;
  • FIG. 6 is a transverse section of the structure of FIG. 5 taken along line VI--VI of FIG. 5 in the direction of the arrows with the tray means being omitted from FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary top plan view of the structure of FIG. 5 showing the tray means and the part of the casing means assembled therewith;
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional elevation of another embodiment of a structure of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a transverse section of the structure of FIG. 8 taken along line IX--IX of FIG. 8 in the direction of the arrows with the tray means also being omitted from FIG. 9;
  • FIGS. 10A and 10B respectively illustrate schematically results achieved with the embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 8, respectively.
  • the graph illustrated therein indicates at the ordinate the amounts of calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) dissolved out of the teeth after dipping thereof for 5 hours in an acetic acid buffer solution having a concentration of 0.1 mole per liter at 37° C.
  • the bar (a) of FIG. 1 shows the results of tests made on an untreated human tooth sample.
  • the bar (b) shows the results of a test made on a human tooth sample which was only dipped in an aqueous solution containing 8% of SnF 2 for 5 minutes, with of course the tooth which was treated in this way also being dipped for 5 hours in the above acetic acid buffer solution under the above conditions utilized for the untreated tooth sample.
  • the bar c shows the results of a test made on a human tooth sample which was exposed to radiation of ultrasonic waves at a frequency of 19 KHz for 3 minutes while the tooth sample was engaged by an aqueous solution containing 8% of SnF 2 .
  • this latter sample also was dipped in the acetic acid buffer solution for 5 hours as described above in connection with the untreated sample. It is thus apparent that with the sample treated in the presence of the ultrasonic waves as described above, the prevention of dissolving out of calcium ions is greatly improved as compared to the samples (a) and (b).
  • the graph of FIG. 2 shows at the ordinate Vickers hardness of the three samples used for the graph of FIG. 1, all of the samples having been dipped in an acetic acid buffer solution having a concentration of 0.1 mole per liter for 5 hours at 37° C. in order to bring about deliming.
  • FIG. 3 it is possible to utilize a vessel-like tray for treating all of the teeth of the upper and lower rows simultaneously according to the above-mentioned treatment.
  • This tray of FIG. 3 has a substantially Y-shaped configuration including a portion 1M which is of a horseshoe-shaped configuration so that this configuration will match that of the rows of teeth.
  • the tray is formed with upper and lower U-shaped grooves 2 for respectively receiving the upper and lower rows of teeth.
  • the horseshoe-shaped portion 1M forms an extension of an integral tubular handle portion 3, and this tubular handle portion 3 is hollow and has its hollow interior communicating with the interior of the portion 1M.
  • a liquid ultrasonic wave-transmitting medium 4 such as degasified water or silicon oil.
  • the wall 5 of the tray means is made of a relatively soft flexible thin film of a material which is capable of transmitting the ultrasonic waves therethrough while preventing the ultrasonic wave transmitting medium from passing through this wall.
  • the wall 5 of the tray means may be made of aluminum foil, a suitable plastic material, or rubber.
  • This tray means is introduced into the oral cavity and the teeth of the upper and lower rows are situated in the grooves 2 while the wall 5 of the tray means is caused to adhere closely to the surface of the teeth as is apparent from FIG. 4 in particular, these walls 5 also engaging part of the gingiva.
  • a horn-like vibratory tip 7 is attached to an end of a known ultrasonic vibratory means 6 forming part thereof, with this tip 7 situated in the interior of the hollow handle portion 3 of the tray means.
  • the vibratory means 6 and the vibratory tip 7 together form a vibrator means 8.
  • a liquid or pasty tooth-decay retarding agent having ingredients as referred to above, such as tin fluoride, is coated on the surface of the teeth or situated at the interior of the grooves 2, and the tray is situated in the oral cavity with the upper and lower rows of teeth situated in the grooves 2 and with the tray means being clamped between the teeth which bite the tray means.
  • the surfaces which define the grooves 2 adhere closely to the surface of the teeth while the layer of tooth-decay retarding agent also is situated in engagement with the teeth.
  • the vibratory means 6 of the vibrator means 8 is set into operation at an appropriate frequency preferably selected within a range of from 10 KHz to 500 KHz, so that the ultrasonic waves will be radiated from the vibratory tip 7 and transmitted through the transmitting medium 4 to the horseshoe-shaped portion 1M of the tray means.
  • the ultrasonic vibrations pass through the wall 5 as well as the tooth-decay retarding agent and reach the surface of the teeth.
  • the surface portions of the teeth are impregnated with the tooth decay retarding agent and a durable reinforcing layer is provided, this layer having a great tooth decay retarding effect.
  • the vibrator means 8 is attached to the tray means which preferably is discarded after a treatment, so that a sanitary treatment is assured.
  • the tray means is relatively inexpensive and can be discarded after being used.
  • the vibrator means 8 is relatively expensive while at the same time has a long operating life and is extremely robust and reliable in operation so that it may be used repeatedly. Thus, after each treatment it is necessary to attach a new tray to the vibrator means.
  • the ultrasonic wave transmitting medium such as degasified water or the like is situated in the interior of the tray means.
  • the embodiment of the invention which is illustrated therein includes a vibrator means 8 of the type described above in connection with FIG. 3.
  • the vibratory means 6 of the vibrator means 8 is a torsional vibrator for providing ultrasonic vibrations
  • the vibrator means 8 includes in this embodiment an angled vibratory tip 7 which oscillates angularly.
  • the vibratory tip 7 includes an elongated shaft portion 10 which terminates in an elongated relatively thin flat portion 11.
  • This vibratory tip 7 is connected at its shaft portion 10 which is distant from the wing or flat portion 11 to the vibratory means 6.
  • the vibrator means 8 is carried by a casing means 15 having at its lower end, as viewed in FIG.
  • This tray means 9 has substantially the same construction as the tray means of FIGS. 3 and 4 and is filled in its interior with the liquid wave-transmitting medium 4 capable of transmitting the ultrasonic waves.
  • the free end of the tubular handle portion of the tray means 9 is sealed by an end wall of the tray means in the form of a suitable film 12 having the form of a laminated film or aluminum foil.
  • the vibratory tip 7 when the tray means 9 is attached to the casing means 15, the vibratory tip 7 will pierce at its portion 11 through the wall 12, breaking through the latter to form an opening therein.
  • the vibratory means 6 when energized by the source of ultrasonic vibrations 100, schematically illustrated in FIG. 5, will cause angular oscillation of the tapered shaft portion 13 of the vibratory means 6, this tapered shaft portion 13 being fixed in any suitable way to the portion 10 of the tip 7. Such angular vibration can be produced in a well known manner.
  • the vibratory means 6 is contained in the casing portion 14 of the casing means 15, this casing portion 14 being attached to the flange 20 of the casing means 15.
  • the tubular open end region of the casing means 15 has in its interior a transverse elastic membrane wall 16.
  • the casing means 15 adjacent its open outer end the casing means 15 has in its interior an annular flange 21 against which the membrane wall 16 is situated as by being adhered thereto, for example.
  • the flange 21 will support the membrane wall 16.
  • This membrane wall 16 is composed of a material which has a suitable strength while at the same time having a suitable elasticity, such as natural rubber, silicon rubber, synthetic rubber or the like.
  • the portion 11 of the vibratory tip 7 extends through the membrane wall 16 while the latter fluid-tightly engages the tip 7 at its relatively flat portion 11 which is of the rectangular cross section shown in FIG. 6.
  • the portion 11 of the tip 7 can simply be pierced through the membrane wall 16 which due to its elasticity will tightly grip the portion 11 in a fluid-tight manner, with this fluid-tight engagement being maintained during vibration of the tip 7.
  • the oscillatory angular vibration of the tip 7 which is angled as illustrated is preferred inasmuch as with this construction a considerable amplitude can be provided for the relatively flat portion 11 with a relatively small amount of energy consumed by the vibrator means 8.
  • the membrane wall 6 will have a suitable pliability or flexibility while at the same time a considerable toughness.
  • the membrane wall 16 is made of an elastic material as mentioned above, even though the flat portion 11 of the tip 7 pierces through the membrane wall 16, nevertheless the latter closesly adheres to the portion 11 due to the elasticity of the wall 16, so that a seal is maintained between the opposed faces of the wall 16.
  • the tubular open end region of the casing means 15 which receives the tubular end portion of the tray means 9 is of a circular cylindrical configuration, as is apparent particularly from FIG. 6, and the wall 16 has a cylindrical extension 16a extending along the inner surface of the casing means 15 from the wall 16 to the free end of the casing means 15 to form a seal.
  • the cylindrical portion 15 is formed with a plurality of small openings 15a passing through the wall of the tubular portion of casing means 15 and through the extension 16a of membrane wall 16 adjacent to the wall 16 in the manner apparent from FIGS. 5 and 6. These openings 15a are small enough to permit air to pass therethrough but too small to permit any liquid to pass therethrough.
  • the extension 16a of the membrane wall 16 will have a slidable fluid-tight engagement with the part of the end wall 12 which circumferentially surrounds the free end region of the tray means 9 which is received in the space surrounded by the extension 16a. It will be noted from FIG. 5A that this sealing slidable engagement between the tray means and the casing means 15 is provided before the portion 11 of tip 7 pierces through the wall 12, this portion 11 terminating in a relatively sharp pointed tip 18 to facilitate piercing through the wall 12.
  • this pointed part 18 is situated between the plane which contains the outer end face of the casing means 15 and the plane in which the membrane wall 16 is located. It is of course not essential that the seal be provided by way of an extension 16a of the membrane wall 16. Instead a suitable sealing ring may be provided for this purpose if desired.
  • a suitable sealing ring may be provided for this purpose if desired.
  • the tray means will assume with respect to the casing means 15 the position shown in FIG. 5, and now the structure is ready for use as described above in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the tray means will be reliably maintained connected to the remaining structure simply by friction.
  • the wall 12 presses against the surface 17 of the membrane wall 16.
  • the end region of the tray means 9 which is received in the tubular portion of the casing means 15 is fully sealed and the vibrations can be effectively transmitted with the membrane wall 16 yielding while maintaining a fluid-tight engagement all around the portion 11 of the tip 7.
  • the edge of the opening formed in the wall 12 also adheres to the portion 11 of the tip 7.
  • the ultrasonic wave transmitting medium 4 in the hollow interior of the tray means 9 is prevented from leaking and also incorporation of foreign substances or air bubbles into the interior of the tray means from the outside is reliably avoided.
  • the cylindrical portions thereof may be suitably tapered or a screw-thread type of connection may be provided.
  • the tip 7 when the vibratory means 6 is energized at a frequency of from 10 to 500 KHz, the tip 7 will oscillate in a torsional manner and the portion 11 of the tip 7 will reproduce fine oscillatory vibrations about the axis of the shaft 13.
  • the ultrasonic waves will radiate from the tip 7 through the medium 4 and arrive at the teeth which are received in the tray means 9 in the manner described above in connection with FIG. 3, so that a treatment as described above can be carried out.
  • the portion 11 of the tip 7 carries out the oscillatory vibrations referred to above, inasmuch as the amplitude of the vibration of the portion 11 is relatively small, on the order of about 10 to about 40 microns, even if the membrane wall 16 closely adheres to the tip 7 as a result of the elasticity of the wall 16 so as to prevent leakage of the medium 4, nevertheless vibrations are not inhibited by the membrane wall 16. Therefore leakage of the wave-transmitting medium to the exterior is reliably avoided while the leakage is also prevented to the mechanical vibrating structure, and at the same time incorporation of foreign bodies or air bubbles can be reliably avoided.
  • the open end of the tray means 9 can readily be sealed by using a plastic cap instead of the end wall 12.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 use is made of a known longitudinal vibratory structure.
  • the vibratory means 6 of the vibrator means 8 is connected with an elongated tip 7 which is straight and which vibrates longitudinally along its central axis, this tip 7 also terminating in a sharply pointed tip 18.
  • the casing means 15 has in its interior an elastic membrane wall 16 supported also by the interior annular flange 21 which is adhered to the membrane wall 16, for example.
  • the interior of the tubular open end region of the casing means 15 is formed with an annular groove which recieves the illustrated sealing ring 19, and as was the case with the embodiment of FIGS.
  • FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 shows the surface 17 of the membrane wall 16 which presses against the wall 12 with openings 15a also being illustrated.
  • the tip 7 vibrates longitudinally, inasmuch as the amplitude is very small, even if the membrane wall 16 closely adheres to the tip 7 as a result of elasticity of wall 16 nevertheless vibrations of the tip 7 are not inhibited in any way and leakage of the medium 4 is reliably prevented.
  • the vibratory tip 7 By providing the vibratory tip 7 with the sharp portion 18 so that the tip 7 has at its portion 18 a conical configuration, the peak of the characteristic of the sonic pressure is moderated and a good sonic pressure distribution is achieved.
  • FIG. 8 as well as FIG. 7 an oscillator 100 is schematically illustrated operatively connected with the vibratory means 6.
  • FIG. 10A there are illustrated therein results obtained when using a spatula-like torsional vibratory tip as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • FIG. 10B shows the results obtained when using a longitudinal vibratory tip as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the distance between the free end of the vibratory tip and the position occupied by a front tooth is 4 cm while the vibration amplitude at the pointed portion 18 of the vibratory tip is on the order of 10 microns.
  • the circled numerical values indicate the sonic pressure at the regions of the tray means where these sonic pressure values are located.
  • the tray means can easily be attached to and detached from the casing means 15. At the same time leakage of the transmitting medium is reliably avoided during the attachment and during the treatment. Also incorporation of different substances or air bubbles into the interior of the tray means from the exterior thereof is reliably avoided.
  • the appliance of the invention is highly practical and forms a valuable means to provide at the surface of teeth a reinforcing acid-resistant layer of a tooth decay retarding agent.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
US05/780,367 1976-03-24 1977-03-23 Appliances for treating teeth Expired - Lifetime US4162576A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP51-35364[U] 1976-03-24
JP1976035364U JPS5935208Y2 (ja) 1976-03-24 1976-03-24 超音波振動体

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US4162576A true US4162576A (en) 1979-07-31

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JP (1) JPS5935208Y2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2345136A1 (ja)
IT (1) IT1075461B (ja)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5125837A (en) * 1988-01-06 1992-06-30 Dentsply Management Corp. Apparatus and method for therapeutic lavage and scaling of teeth
US5419703A (en) * 1988-02-18 1995-05-30 Dentsply Research & Development Corp. Method of subgingival scaling and lavage
US5531598A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-07-02 Rosenberg; Marvin Portable ultrasonic dental cleaning device
EP0921065A1 (en) * 1997-12-03 1999-06-09 HTM SPORT S.p.A. Orthodontic mouthpiece for divers
US5967784A (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-10-19 Powers; Michael J. Hand held device for reducing the discomfort associated with the adjusting of orthodontic appliances
US6030212A (en) * 1996-09-27 2000-02-29 Dentsply Research & Development Corp. Stacking reservoir and scaler system
USRE36699E (en) * 1992-12-30 2000-05-16 Murayama; Ronald K. Sonic dental device
US6139320A (en) * 1994-02-27 2000-10-31 Hahn; Rainer Apparatus, method and expedient materials for ultrasonic preparation of human and animal hard or soft tissues and of dental or bone replacement materials as well as object obtained thereby
US20040191720A1 (en) * 2003-02-13 2004-09-30 Allan Coopersmith Vibrating dental device and method
WO2006017097A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-02-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Oral care devices
US20080313828A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2008-12-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Power Toothbrush Using Acoustic Wave Action For Cleansing of Teeth
US20100143863A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-06-10 Szu Teng Lin Dental cleaning device
US20110167575A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2011-07-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Drive system for a toothbrush using a flexible membrane for cleaning teeth
US20110229848A1 (en) * 2009-09-23 2011-09-22 Paul Hertz Tooth-whitening appliance
WO2014009682A3 (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-03-20 The University Of Dundee Improved apparatus and method for mineralising biological material
US20140242535A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Orthoaccel Technologies Inc. Fluoride releasing bite plate

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4134428A1 (de) * 1991-10-18 1993-04-22 Irmer Joachim Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von schwingungen
CN101083951B (zh) * 2004-12-22 2011-12-28 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 使用剪切增稠流体的电动牙刷

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US3840992A (en) * 1973-07-30 1974-10-15 V English Dental hygiene device

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US3380446A (en) * 1965-09-03 1968-04-30 Leonard G. Martin Dental applicator
US3401690A (en) * 1966-04-20 1968-09-17 Leonard G. Martin Ultrasonic dental cleaning and treatment device
US3924335A (en) * 1971-02-26 1975-12-09 Ultrasonic Systems Ultrasonic dental and other instrument means and methods
GB1394653A (en) * 1973-01-29 1975-05-21 Bertrand F R Technique for treating animate or inanimate objects by sound

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3840992A (en) * 1973-07-30 1974-10-15 V English Dental hygiene device

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5125837A (en) * 1988-01-06 1992-06-30 Dentsply Management Corp. Apparatus and method for therapeutic lavage and scaling of teeth
US5419703A (en) * 1988-02-18 1995-05-30 Dentsply Research & Development Corp. Method of subgingival scaling and lavage
USRE36699E (en) * 1992-12-30 2000-05-16 Murayama; Ronald K. Sonic dental device
US6139320A (en) * 1994-02-27 2000-10-31 Hahn; Rainer Apparatus, method and expedient materials for ultrasonic preparation of human and animal hard or soft tissues and of dental or bone replacement materials as well as object obtained thereby
US5531598A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-07-02 Rosenberg; Marvin Portable ultrasonic dental cleaning device
US6293793B1 (en) 1996-09-27 2001-09-25 Dentsply Research & Development Corp. Stackable reservoir and scaler system
US6030212A (en) * 1996-09-27 2000-02-29 Dentsply Research & Development Corp. Stacking reservoir and scaler system
US6079411A (en) * 1997-12-03 2000-06-27 Htm Sport S.P.A. Mouthpiece with orthodontic tooth grip for divers
EP0921065A1 (en) * 1997-12-03 1999-06-09 HTM SPORT S.p.A. Orthodontic mouthpiece for divers
US5967784A (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-10-19 Powers; Michael J. Hand held device for reducing the discomfort associated with the adjusting of orthodontic appliances
US20040191720A1 (en) * 2003-02-13 2004-09-30 Allan Coopersmith Vibrating dental device and method
US20080313828A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2008-12-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Power Toothbrush Using Acoustic Wave Action For Cleansing of Teeth
US8046861B2 (en) * 2003-06-27 2011-11-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Power toothbrush using acoustic wave action for cleansing of teeth
US20070031785A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2007-02-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Oral care devices
WO2006017097A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-02-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Oral care devices
US20110167575A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2011-07-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Drive system for a toothbrush using a flexible membrane for cleaning teeth
US8341790B2 (en) 2004-12-21 2013-01-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Drive system for a toothbrush using a flexible membrane for cleaning teeth
US20100143863A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-06-10 Szu Teng Lin Dental cleaning device
US20110229848A1 (en) * 2009-09-23 2011-09-22 Paul Hertz Tooth-whitening appliance
WO2014009682A3 (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-03-20 The University Of Dundee Improved apparatus and method for mineralising biological material
CN104602756A (zh) * 2012-07-10 2015-05-06 伦敦国王学院 用于矿化生物材料的改进装置以及方法
US10076392B2 (en) 2012-07-10 2018-09-18 Reminova Ltd Apparatus and method for mineralising biological material
US20140242535A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Orthoaccel Technologies Inc. Fluoride releasing bite plate
US9827082B2 (en) * 2013-02-26 2017-11-28 Orthoaccel Technologies, Inc. Fluoride releasing bite plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2345136A1 (fr) 1977-10-21
JPS5935208Y2 (ja) 1984-09-29
IT1075461B (it) 1985-04-22
FR2345136B1 (ja) 1980-04-18
JPS52126693U (ja) 1977-09-27

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