Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
  • C11D10/047—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on cationic surface-active compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
  • D06M13/47—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from heterocyclic compounds
  • D06M13/473—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from heterocyclic compounds having five-membered heterocyclic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds

Definitions

• soaps are compatible with cationic quaternary softening agents and form homogeneous liquid compositions both inside and outside the washer. Furthermore, the softening and whitening performance of the quatemaries are significantly and unexpectedly enhanced by the addition of the soap.
• a primary object of this invention is the provision of a cationic quaternary fabric softening composition possessing superior softening properties.
• Another object of this invention is to provide a fabric softening composition devoid of any yellowing tendency.
• Still another object of this invention is to provide a fabric softening composition possessing superior whiteness properties.
• the fabric softening composition of this invention comprises a cationic quaternary softener and soap in the weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:2 of cationiczsoap.
• the cationic quaternary softening agents found use ful in instant invention are commercially known and include quaternary ammonium compounds wherein typically at least one of the groups linked to the nitrogen atom is a higher alkyl group containing at least 12 carbon atoms and two or three of the groups linked to the nitrogen atom are lower alkyl or substituted alkyl groups which contain one to six carbon atoms; one or more of said lower alkyl groups may bear an aryl substituent or may be replaced by an aryl group such as a benzyl group; and there is present an anion such as halogen, acetate, methosulfate, etc.
• Typical quaternary ammonium compounds are ethyl-dimethyl-stearyl amryl ammonium chloride, dimethyl-methylethyl laurylcetyl ammonium chloride, propyl myristyl ammonium chloride, ditallow-dimethyl ammonium chloride, and
• a preferred group of cationic quaternary ammonium softening agents are the imidazolinium salts, such as: Z-heptadecyll-methyll-[ (2-stearoylamido )ethyl imidazolinium methyl sulfate, Z-heptadecyl- 1 -methyll-[ 2-stearoylamido )ethyl imidazolinium chloride, Z-methyl-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-l-benzyl imidazolinium chloride,
• imidazolinium Other known imidazolinium salts possessing softening properties may be utilized herein. 1
• the soaps useful in instant invention are commercially known and include water-soluble salts of one or more of the higher fatty acids with an alkali or a metal.
• Suitable fatty acids include oleic, stearic, palmitic, lauric, erucic, caproic, caprylic, capric, myristic, etc.
• Fatty oils generally provide a suitable source for the preparation of the water-soluble soaps useful herein, such as tallow, olive oil, coconut oil, mustard seed oil, and the like.
• the water-soluble soaps include the alkali metal soaps such as sodium and potassium, the ammonium, lower amine and alkanolamine soaps.
• soap is compatible with aforesaid quaternary ammonium softeners and unexpectedly enhances the softening and whitening properties thereof.
• Weight ratios of 1:1 to 2:1 of soaptcationic appear to be most effective, as shown by the following examples utilizing a one Towel Test.
• One terry cloth hand towel is washed with threefourths cup (60 gr) commercial detergent in a washer using 17 gallons of tap water at about F.
• 1 capful (30 gr) fabric softener is added.
• the towel is rated for softness on a scale of 1, which represents no softness, to 10, which signifies excellent softness. Ratings'of 10 to l0 are assigned when the towel is particularly soft, more so than obtainable under practical laundry condi tions.
• Whitening properties are shown on the b scale, wherein higher numerical values of +b means greater benzyl- 3 yellowing, and higher numerical values of b signifies greater whitening.
• a liquid softener was prepared by dispersing 9.5% of a 75% solution of Z-heptadecyl-1-methyl-1-[2- stearoylamido)ethyl] imidazolinium methyl sulfate (7.1% A1) in 89% blue water containing 1.5% ofa 1% solution of Acid Blue No. 80 at about 120F.
• the resultant composition was opaque, homogenous, and of low viscosity. 30 g of this composition was added at the beginning of the rinse cycle.
• the towel received a softeness rating of 1O and a b value of 4.8.
• EXAMPLE 2 A liquid softener was prepared as in Example 1, except that 4.8% of the quaternary compound (3.6 A1) and 4.0% soap flakes containing 80/20 Tallow, Coco and moisture (3.6Al) was dispersed in the blue water. The resultant composition was opaque, homogeneous, and exhibited a very low viscosity. 30 g of this liquid softener was added to the rinse water and a towel treated therewith as in Example 1. This towel was rated 10 for softness and received a b value of 4.7.
• This example represents a 1:1 weight ratio of cationic to soap and exhibited a significant improvement in softness over the towel treated with the cationic alone.
• EXAMPLE 3 The softener composition of Example 1 was added to the wash cycle along with the commercial detergent.
• Example 4 The softener composition of Example 2 was added to the wash cycle together with the commercial detergent.
• the wet towel of Example 4 was softer than that of Example 3.
• the cationic-soap softener is superior to the cationic softener alone, both in the rinse cycle and in the wash cycle of the laundering process.
• EXAMPLE 5 The quaternary content of Example 1 was increased to and 1% NaCl was added to reduce the viscosity, thereby yielding a homogeneous, opaque liquid of low viscosity. A towel treated with this softener in the rinse cycle during laundering was given a softness rating of 10 and a b value of 4.5.
• EXAMPLE 6 Only 5 g of the softener composition of Example 1 (7.1% quaternary) is used in the rinse cycle. A towel treated herewith gave a softness rating of 10 and a b value of 3.5.
• EXAMPLE 9 Only 5 g of the softener composition of Example 5 (15% quaternary) is used in the rinse cycle, yielding a towel with a softness value of 10 and a b value of 4.2.
• EXAMPLE 10 Only 5 g of the softener composition of Example 6 (15% of 1:1 ratio of soap to quaternary) is used in the rinse cycle, yielding a towel with a softness rating of 10 and a b value of -2.0.
• EXAMPLE 12 30 g of a softening composition in accordance with Example 2 containing 9.5% soap and 4.7% quaternary compound was used in the rinse cycle, in the absence of a previous washing cycle. This represents a 2:1 soap:- quaternary ratio.
• the rinsed towel was rated 1O on the softness scale and +1.5 on the b scale. The whiteness improvement of the 2:1 ratio is very apparent visually and the softness improvement can be easily felt.
• EXAMPLE 13 A liquid softener was preparedin accordance with Example 2 containing 7.1% soap flakes and 7.1% dimethyl ditallow ammonium chloride as a substitute for the imidazolinium compound. 30 g of this softening composition, which was an opaque, low viscosity product, was used to rinse an untreated towel. The rinsed towel was rated 10 on the softness scale and +2.7 on the b scale. Although this quaternary compound is not as effective as the imidazolinium compound, adequate softness and whiteness is obtained therewith. However, the imidazolinium softeners are preferred to obtain both maximum softness and improved whiteness.
• the softening composition of instant invention may also include minor amounts of brighteners, bluing, germicides, perfumes, or other additives which do not interfere with the softening and whitening properties of said composition.
• X PLE 14 cellulosic fibers e.g., rayon or other textile fibers, e.g.,
• the brightener is dispersed in the imidazolinium solution at 120F and the soap flakes are added thereto with stirring.
• the water is added to said composition
• the recommended amount of softening composition useful in the final rinse of wash cycle is 30 to 60 g (l to 2 capfuls), although more or lesser amounts can be utifollowed by the blue color and perfume, yielding an 15 polyester blends).
• This softening composition may be opaque, low viscosity product. applied to the fabric in an aqueous bath, either as a This product may be prepared and used in liquid 0 final rinse during laundering, or as a separate and dissolid form, adsorbed onto a carrier. The amount of tinct softening operation.
• the softquatemarytsoap softener present in the liquid composi- 2O ening composition may be within the range of 220%, and preferably machine or similar treating bath containing 17 gallons about 715% by weight.
• the liquid composition may be liters) of water, and an average load of fabrics sprayed on, or otherwise agglomerated with particles of (about 6 to 8 pounds).
• borax sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium amounts may be utilized to obtain the desired degree of sesquicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, 25 softness and whiteness, depending on the water temphosphate salts, or other carrier materials, to form perature, the amount of water and clothes, etc. granular or powdered compositions.
• This solid product The presence of traces of anionics from the wash may also be formed into a pellet or other suitable cycle does not adversely affect the superior properties shape.
• the amount of quaternary:soap softener present of instant rinse product The following tests prove that in the powdered form may be 230%, and preferably 30 instant softening composition functions equally well 7-20% by weight.
• EXAMPLE 15 wherein no traces of anionics are present in the rinsing g of a powdered softening composition comprising bath. 7.5% of 2-heptadecyl- 1 methyl- 1 -[2- 35 A cupful (80 g) of commercial detergents was used in stearoylamido)ethyl] imidazolinium methyl sulfate and the wash cycle and subsequently rinsed with a softening 7.5% soap flakes derived from an 80/20 blend of tallow composition. Towels treated herewith were rated for and coconut oil on a sodium sulfate carrier was added softness:
• a fabric-softening composition having improved softening and whitening properties comprising a cati- 8 4.
• a method of softening fabrics which comprises applying to said fabrics in an aqueous bath an amount sufficient to soften the fabric, of the composition of claim onic quaternary ammonium softener and soap in the 7 6.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (22)

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Citations (8)

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• 1972
  • 1972-10-31 US US302561A patent/US3920563A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1973
  • 1973-10-08 ZA ZA00737846A patent/ZA737846B/xx unknown
  • 1973-10-22 IT IT53270/73A patent/IT1000091B/it active
  • 1973-10-23 DE DE2352955A patent/DE2352955C2/de not_active Expired
  • 1973-10-23 AU AU61691/73A patent/AU6169173A/en not_active Expired
  • 1973-10-29 FR FR7338522A patent/FR2204685B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1973-10-30 GB GB5038973A patent/GB1453093A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (10)

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