US3854786A - Method of manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3854786A
US3854786A US00355906A US35590673A US3854786A US 3854786 A US3854786 A US 3854786A US 00355906 A US00355906 A US 00355906A US 35590673 A US35590673 A US 35590673A US 3854786 A US3854786 A US 3854786A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lamp
envelope
voltage
filament
hydrocarbon halide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00355906A
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English (en)
Inventor
V Notelteirs
Beek F Van
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3854786A publication Critical patent/US3854786A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof
    • H01K3/22—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/52—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01K1/54—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A lamp having a gas filling comprising hydrocarbon halide is cooled to below the condensation temperature of the inert gas in the gas filling and is immediately thereupon operated so as to decompose the hydrocarbon halide.
  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp in which the lamp provided with a filament is filled with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and a hydrocarbon halide compound or a mixture of these compounds, the lamp being sealed and subsequently operated so as to decompose the hydrocarbon compound into carbon and hydrogen halide.
  • the hydrocarbon compounds present in the lamp are not decomposed carefully, there is a risk of formation of black coloured carbon deposits on the wall of the envelope. As a result the lamp will get an unpleasant appearance.
  • the black deposits also absorb heat and may therefore cause local overheating of the wall of the envelope so that the wall is weakened.
  • the gas pressure in halogen lamps during operation increases to values of more than 1 atmosphere. When the wall of the envelope is weakened it consequently swells and in serious cases the lamp explodes.
  • the following method is used for decomposing the hydrocarbon halide compounds to prevent deposition of carbon on the wall of the envelope.
  • a voltage is applied across the terminals of the lamp which voltage is equal to part of the operating voltage and subsequently the voltage across the terminals of the lamp is slowly increased until the operating voltage or a voltage which is some tens of volts higher is achieved.
  • the temperature of the filament thus increases slowly from a relatively low value to the ultimate or a slightly higher value.
  • hydrocarbon halide pressures which are not too high (up to approximately Torr) it is achieved by this method to decompose substantially all of the hydrocarbon halide compound which is present in the lamp on the filament. At pressures of more than 10 Torr this is, however, not quite possible with this method.
  • a drawback of this method is that this operation may require from several minutes to 10 minutes dependent on the type of lamps and the gas filling.
  • This proposal has the advantage that the fonnation of black coloured carbon deposits on the wall of the envelope is avoided when the method is performed correctly.
  • the quantity of carbon released during decomposition is, however, small in most cases as compared with the quantity of carbon considered to be admissible in the filament body so that the formation of carbides generally does not occur to an extent which might be harmful for the lifetime.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method in which the drawbacks of the described methods are obviated.
  • FIG. 1 a lamp is shown in which the invention may be incorporated.
  • the lamp has an envelope 11 and filament 12 and lead-in conductors 13.
  • the atmosphere is enclosed in space 14.
  • the method of manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp in which the lamp provided with a filament is filled with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and a hydrocarbon halide compound or a mixture of these compounds and in which the lamp is sealed and subsequently operated so as to decompose the hydrocarbon halide compound into carbon and hydrogen halide is characterized in that the lamp is cooled to a temperature below the condensation temperature of the inert gas present in the lamp and is thereupon immediately operated.
  • the lamps may be switched on to at least 50 percent of the operating voltage immediately after cooling whereafter the voltage can be increased within a very short period to, for example, 110 percent of the operating voltage without carbon deposits being formed on the wall of the envelope.
  • the hydrocarbon halide compounds in halogen incandescent lamps can be decomposed within several seconds without black deposits being formed on the wall of the envelope.
  • a temperature distribution may occur in the lamp in such a manner that the temperature on the filament only is high enough to bring about decomposition of the hydrocarbon halide compound.
  • the halogen incandescent lamps may be cooled by immersing them in a liquified gas such as, for example, liquid nitrogen.
  • a liquified gas such as, for example, liquid nitrogen.
  • gases such as argon, xenon and krypton may be condensed.
  • a halogen incandescent lamp (24V, 250W) comprising a mixture of krypton (partial pressure 3 atm.) and CH Br (partial pressure 2.5 Torr) is cooled to approximately 195C by immersion in nitrogen. Immediately after the lamp has been removed from the liquid nitrogen a voltage is applied across the terminals which is percent of the operating voltage. The voltage is increased within 20 seconds to percent of the operating voltage. Decomposition of the alkylbromide compound then occurs in such a manner that no black deposits are formed on the wall.
  • carbon is deposited in a black layer on the wall of the envelope.
  • the method may alternatively be used for lamps having a relatively large envelope volume in which it is impossible to keep the envelope bright in case of pormal pre-operation.
  • a method for manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp comprising:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
US00355906A 1972-05-31 1973-04-30 Method of manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp Expired - Lifetime US3854786A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7207324A NL7207324A (xx) 1972-05-31 1972-05-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3854786A true US3854786A (en) 1974-12-17

Family

ID=19816169

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00355906A Expired - Lifetime US3854786A (en) 1972-05-31 1973-04-30 Method of manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3854786A (xx)
JP (1) JPS4942179A (xx)
BE (1) BE800205A (xx)
CA (1) CA975419A (xx)
DE (1) DE2324139A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2186731B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1407568A (xx)
NL (1) NL7207324A (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4129348A (en) * 1977-11-17 1978-12-12 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Method of manufacturing tungsten halogen lamp
US4627824A (en) * 1983-01-12 1986-12-09 Hamai Electric Lamp Co., Ltd. Method of and apparatus for manufacturing small-size gas-filled lamps
US4768985A (en) * 1985-06-26 1988-09-06 Hamai Electric Lamp Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing miniature tipless halogen lamp and apparatus for carrying out the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5546814U (xx) * 1978-09-20 1980-03-27

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2540647A (en) * 1945-05-04 1951-02-06 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Method of manufacturing electronic tubes with active getters
US3484146A (en) * 1966-10-08 1969-12-16 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing incandescent lamps having a transport gas filling
US3589790A (en) * 1968-11-13 1971-06-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of dosing a halogen cycle incandescent lamp
US3619701A (en) * 1968-12-27 1971-11-09 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Halogen cycle incandescent lamps

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2540647A (en) * 1945-05-04 1951-02-06 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Method of manufacturing electronic tubes with active getters
US3484146A (en) * 1966-10-08 1969-12-16 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing incandescent lamps having a transport gas filling
US3589790A (en) * 1968-11-13 1971-06-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of dosing a halogen cycle incandescent lamp
US3619701A (en) * 1968-12-27 1971-11-09 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Halogen cycle incandescent lamps

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4129348A (en) * 1977-11-17 1978-12-12 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Method of manufacturing tungsten halogen lamp
US4627824A (en) * 1983-01-12 1986-12-09 Hamai Electric Lamp Co., Ltd. Method of and apparatus for manufacturing small-size gas-filled lamps
US4693692A (en) * 1983-01-12 1987-09-15 Hamai Electric Lamp Co., Ltd. Apparatus for manufacturing small-size gas-filled lamps
US4768985A (en) * 1985-06-26 1988-09-06 Hamai Electric Lamp Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing miniature tipless halogen lamp and apparatus for carrying out the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA975419A (en) 1975-09-30
NL7207324A (xx) 1973-12-04
FR2186731B1 (xx) 1976-11-12
FR2186731A1 (xx) 1974-01-11
BE800205A (fr) 1973-11-29
GB1407568A (en) 1975-09-24
JPS4942179A (xx) 1974-04-20
DE2324139A1 (de) 1973-12-13

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