US3828866A - Impulse driving apparatus - Google Patents

Impulse driving apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3828866A
US3828866A US00280412A US28041272A US3828866A US 3828866 A US3828866 A US 3828866A US 00280412 A US00280412 A US 00280412A US 28041272 A US28041272 A US 28041272A US 3828866 A US3828866 A US 3828866A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hammer
striker
piston
driving apparatus
impulse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00280412A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Jansz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bomag Menck GmbH
Original Assignee
Hollandsche Beton Groep NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3828866A publication Critical patent/US3828866A/en
Assigned to KOEHRING GMBH-MENCK DIVISION reassignment KOEHRING GMBH-MENCK DIVISION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HOLLANDSCHE BETON GROEP NV A CORP. OF THE NETHERLANDS
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
    • E02D7/10—Power-driven drivers with pressure-actuated hammer, i.e. the pressure fluid acting directly on the hammer structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S173/00—Tool driving or impacting
    • Y10S173/01—Operable submerged in liquid

Definitions

  • This invention relates to impulse driving apparatus and methods which have particular, though not exclusive, application in driving objects, for example piles, into the ground.
  • the apparatus of the present invention enables larger amounts of energy to be available in one unit, for driving an object, such as a pile, into the ground, than have previously been obtainable.
  • an impulse driving apparatus including a plurality of hammer members each arranged to deliver an impulse to an object in response to a signal
  • a piston in the cylinder carrying a rod coupled to the hammer members, means whereby the piston and a face of each of the hammer members can each be raised to a respective height abovean object to which impulses are to be given and means to release the piston in response to the said signal thereby to allow each hammer member to fall and to deliver an impulse to an object.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially cut-away longitudinal section through a pile driving apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section on the line II-II of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section at a similar point on another embodiment of a pile driving apparatus
  • FIG. 4 represents at (a)(b)(c) and (d) the force-time diagrams of different pile driving apparatus
  • FIG. 5 represents at (a)(b)(c)(d) and (e) respectively the force-time diagrams of further pile driving apparatus.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown an apparatus which has an outer casing 1 having an end member 2 with a loop 3 from which the apparatus can be suspended above a pile 4 which is to be driven into the ground.
  • the apparatus includes a main part 5 which is separated by a bulkhead 6 from an upper part 7.
  • the main part 5 houses three impulse driving or hammer units 8, of which only one is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the units 8 are of the type described in our British Pat. Specification No. 1,168,547 and US. Pat. No. 3,431,986, in which a chamber containing a precompressed gas is ar' ranged in the path of a hammer, the gas being precompressed to such an extent that the minimum force exceeding the ground resistance is directly available under the impact of the hammer.
  • the units 8 are guided by rods 9 and are each pivotally coupled to a plate 11 at respective points 12.
  • a plate 11 is pivotally attached at 13 to a piston rod 14, which extends from a piston 15 housed in a cylinder 16 in the upper part 7 of the casing through the bulkhead 6.
  • the movement of the piston 15 in the cylinder 16 is determined by oil passing through inlet and outlet pipes 17, 18 under the control of a unit 19.
  • Pins 21 having collars 22 pass through the plate 11 to engage the upper end of each of the units 8 and are restrained against movement upwards by pre-loaded springs 23 acting between the respective collars 22 and housings 24.
  • a striker member 25 attached to a piston 55 within the chamber 56 of the unit 8 extends from the lower end of each of the units 8 and engages with its lower or striker face a cap 26 for a pile.
  • the precompressed gas in the chamber acts between the head of this piston 55 and the head 57 of the chamber.
  • the cap 26 is located ina cover 27.
  • a guiding member 28 extends from the cover 27 to guide the apparatus on to a pile.
  • FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 2 in that it has four units 8 suspended from a plate 11 instead of three units, but it is operated in a similar manner to the embodiment of FIG. 2.
  • oil enters the lower part of the cylinder 16 and raises the piston 15 and the assembly including the plate 11 and the units 8 to the chain dotted position 30.
  • the control unit 19 then operates to cause the piston 15 to fall and allow the plate 11 and the units 8 to fall either under the influence of gravity alone or together with an additional driving force causing the striker members 25 to hit the cap 26 and impact forces to be imparted to the pile 4 from each of the units 8 substantially simultaneously. Since the members 25 are arranged substantially on the circumferential arc of the tubular pile 4, the force is transmitted substantially directly to the pile.
  • the pins 21 act upon their respective units 8 to maintain the units at a common level when they are in the position 30.
  • the springs 23 are of such a strength and so compressed that when the units are lifted the springs 23 appear to be rigid, the weight acting upon the plate 11 in this condition being, in one particular embodiment, of the order of 10 tons per unit 8.
  • the strength and compression of the springs 23 are such that when the respective striker members 25 hit the cap 26 the springs 23 are able to deform without breaking, even though in one particular embodiment the impact force resulting from each of the units 8 is of the order of 800 tons.
  • the pins 21 ensure that each of the units 8 is raised to the same level before it is released by tending to correct any tilting of the plate 11 about the pivot point 13 of the plate 11 on the piston rod 14, thereby making more certain that the energy delivered by each unit 8 is the same and that the time of impact of its striker member 25 on the cap 26 is substantially the same.
  • the duration of the impact force delivered to the pile by each of the units 8 is five hundredths of a second and the impacts are delivered within one thousandth of a second of one another]
  • a spring 23 instead of using a spring 23 to provide the resilient device other known resilient members can be used.
  • FIG. 4 An idealised diagram of the impact force F against time t for one of the units 8 is shown in FIG. 4 at (a), where the level of force Fg indicates the reaction force of the ground which it is necessary to overcome, and the level of force Fp, imparted by a particular unit, is the minimum slightly higher force which it is necessary to exert upon the pile in order to overcome the ground reaction force.
  • FIG. 4(b) the force-time diagram of a known steam hammer apparatus shows that to overcome a ground force Fgl the necessary energy is only available for a time 1 while to overcome a higher ground force Fg2 the necessary force is only available for an even shorter time
  • the peak force Fp which is produced by the steam hammer is considerably higher than that required and could be damaging to the pile.
  • FIG. 4(a) shows the distribution with time of the force available from a diesel operated hammer. This curve also shows a high peak force Fp which could be damaging to a pile.
  • the first peak which is due to the stored energy of the hammer, provides sufficient energy to overcome a ground reaction force Fg2 over a very short time period t while the time t during which energy is available to overcome a lower ground reaction force Fgl, extends over a longer time period comprising a part of the period of this first peak and a part of the period of a second peak resulting from the energy obtained from the combustion of fuel in the diesel unit.
  • FIG. 4(d) there is shown in solid lines the distribution of energy for a unit according to the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, in which the precompression of the gas in the units 8 is such that the minimum force Fpl, available upon impact for a time t is just sufficient to overcome a ground resistance force Fgl.
  • Fg2 ground resistance force
  • To overcome a ground resistance force Fg2 using the same units 8, it is necessary to precompress the gas in the units 8 to a higher level. Since the total amount of energy available is the same, the required level is reached in thislatter arrangement, as may be seen by the dotted lines, over a shorter time period t Furthermore, as will be seen with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown in an idealised form at (a) a diagram of the force available from a single unit 8, and at (b) the forces available from three of the units 8 providing impact forces substantially simultaneously with a phase difference t O. The sum of these simultaneous impacts is shown in FIG. 5 at (c) to provide an acceptable distribution of impact force.
  • the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described and modifications and variations within the scope of the invention may be made.
  • other methods of raising the plate 11 and the units 8 than the hydraulic method employing the piston and cylinder may be used.
  • the gas can be precompressed under the control of oil pressure applied via a line which is common to each of the units 8, thereby ensuring that the gas in each unit is precompressed to a common value.
  • An impulse driving apparatus for driving piles and other objects including a plurality of hammer members mounted for movement in the same direction and each having a striker face, the striker faces of the respective hammer members being located sideways relative to each other in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the movement of the hammer members whereby each striker face can independently deliver an impulse to the object to be driven, fluid-operated piston means, means coupling said piston means to said hammer members, said coupling means including a plate pivotally connected to the piston means, the hammer members being respectively connected to'said plate at substantially equal distances from and at substantially equally spaced positions around said pivotal connection of the plate to the piston means, control means for controlling the supply of operating fluid to said piston means to cause said hammer members to move away from the object to which impulses are to be delivered and thereafter towards said object whereby each hammer member delivers an independent impulse to the object by its respective striker face.
  • An impulse driving apparatus as claimed in claim 1 having pivotal connections between the hammer members and the plate.
  • An impulse driving apparatus as claimed in claim 2 including resilient stop means arranged between the plate and each hammer member respectively to maintain each hammer member in a predetermined pivotal position relative to the plate when it is away from the object.
  • each hammer member comprises a cylinder, a piston within the cylinder attached to a striker member projecting from the cylinder and having a striker face, and a gas under pressure in the cylinder between the piston attached to the striker member and the end of the said cylinder remote from the striker member.
  • An impulse driving apparatus as claimed in claim 1 for sub-aqueous use including a housing within which the apparatus is contained, the housing having means whereby compressed air can be introduced therein to exclude water from the apparatus.
  • An impulse driving apparatus for driving piles and the like under sub-aqueous conditions, comprising a substantially air-tight housing having at its lower end a vertical tubular guide portion which is open at its bottom and serves to guide the apparatus onto and to receive the top of a pile to be driven, hammer means mounted on guides for vertical movement within said housing and having a striker face at its lower end,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US00280412A 1971-09-09 1972-08-14 Impulse driving apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3828866A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4219271A GB1388689A (en) 1971-09-09 1971-09-09 Impulse driving apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3828866A true US3828866A (en) 1974-08-13

Family

ID=10423261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00280412A Expired - Lifetime US3828866A (en) 1971-09-09 1972-08-14 Impulse driving apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3828866A (de)
JP (2) JPS5512492B2 (de)
DE (2) DE2243308A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1388689A (de)
NL (1) NL7211335A (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043405A (en) * 1974-11-16 1977-08-23 Koehring Gmbh Pile-driving arrangement
US4119159A (en) * 1976-10-18 1978-10-10 Hollandsche Beton Greop N.V. Pile driving apparatus
US4126191A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-11-21 Raymond International Inc. Gas discharge type underwater hammer with liquid purge and reflood control
US4872514A (en) * 1987-07-28 1989-10-10 Bomag-Menck Gmbh Drive unit for driving ramming parts under water
US20070000674A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2007-01-04 Stefan Sell Hammer
US20070012466A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2007-01-18 Stefan Sell Hammer
US20070277989A1 (en) * 2004-07-27 2007-12-06 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Arrangement For And Method Of Installing Building Elements
US20080000663A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2008-01-03 Stefan Sell Hammer
ES2665914A1 (es) * 2017-07-21 2018-04-30 Clever Solutions S.L. Máquina y método para la prospección y cimentación profunda simultánea y óptima de construcciones mediante la autohinca monitorizada de barras de acero

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL161218C (nl) * 1975-05-21 1980-01-15 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Inrichting voor het onder water in de grond heien van een paal.
GB2043510B (en) * 1979-02-27 1982-12-22 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Pile driving apparatus
GB8702131D0 (en) * 1987-01-30 1987-03-04 Alsop P Scour control systems
JPH073055B2 (ja) * 1989-03-08 1995-01-18 戸田建設株式会社 水中用杭打ハンマ及び水中杭打ち工法
JP2789024B2 (ja) * 1994-12-02 1998-08-20 株式会社森長組 水中杭の杭打装置
AT522247B1 (de) * 2019-02-20 2023-01-15 Viehauser Alexander Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Pfahlversetzung unter Wasser
CN111560954A (zh) * 2020-05-12 2020-08-21 广东精铟海洋工程股份有限公司 一种水下打桩***及使用该***的水下打桩方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE346857C (de) * 1922-01-07 Charles Warluzel Unterwasserfahrzeug mit von Innern aus zu handhabenden Werkzeugen
DE519601C (de) * 1927-05-21 1931-03-02 Jacques Tournadour D Albay Geraet fuer Unterseearbeiten
US1958041A (en) * 1932-07-21 1934-05-08 Ingersoll Rand Co Submarine drill unit
US2904964A (en) * 1956-12-12 1959-09-22 Mckiernan Terry Corp Underwater pile hammer
US3543526A (en) * 1968-05-20 1970-12-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Underwater submersible chamber system
NL6808617A (de) * 1968-06-19 1969-12-23
US3595324A (en) * 1968-09-11 1971-07-27 Charles L Guild Pile drivers including multiple hammers with common anvils
NL7000286A (de) * 1970-01-09 1971-07-13

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043405A (en) * 1974-11-16 1977-08-23 Koehring Gmbh Pile-driving arrangement
US4119159A (en) * 1976-10-18 1978-10-10 Hollandsche Beton Greop N.V. Pile driving apparatus
US4126191A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-11-21 Raymond International Inc. Gas discharge type underwater hammer with liquid purge and reflood control
US4872514A (en) * 1987-07-28 1989-10-10 Bomag-Menck Gmbh Drive unit for driving ramming parts under water
US20070277989A1 (en) * 2004-07-27 2007-12-06 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Arrangement For And Method Of Installing Building Elements
US7695217B2 (en) * 2004-07-27 2010-04-13 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Arrangement for and method of installing building elements
US20070000674A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2007-01-04 Stefan Sell Hammer
US20070012466A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2007-01-18 Stefan Sell Hammer
US20080000663A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2008-01-03 Stefan Sell Hammer
ES2665914A1 (es) * 2017-07-21 2018-04-30 Clever Solutions S.L. Máquina y método para la prospección y cimentación profunda simultánea y óptima de construcciones mediante la autohinca monitorizada de barras de acero

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1388689A (en) 1975-03-26
JPS4836907A (de) 1973-05-31
NL7211335A (de) 1973-03-13
DE2243309C3 (de) 1982-03-04
DE2243309B2 (de) 1978-06-08
DE2243308A1 (de) 1973-03-15
JPS5512492B2 (de) 1980-04-02
JPS4836908A (de) 1973-05-31
DE2243309A1 (de) 1973-03-22

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AS Assignment

Owner name: KOEHRING GMBH-MENCK DIVISION, WERNER-VON-SIEMENSST

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HOLLANDSCHE BETON GROEP NV A CORP. OF THE NETHERLANDS;REEL/FRAME:003990/0070

Effective date: 19820202