US3827270A

US3827270A - Deburring devices

Info

Publication number: US3827270A
Application number: US00369840A
Authority: US
Inventors: H Neilsen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1973-06-14
Filing date: 1973-06-14
Publication date: 1974-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 1991-08-06
Also published as: FR2233136A1; JPS5317194B2; FR2233136B3; CA993190A; JPS5035789A; GB1408553A; DE2428413A1

Abstract

An edge of sheet metal or other sheet material to be deburred is peened and/or rolled by plural peening or rolling elements loosely contained by a rapidly rotatable annular retainer formed with a circular, radially outwardly facing slot through which peening and/or rolling action is provided between the metal edge held at said slot and the peening elements which are being centrifugally thrown outward by rapid rotation of said retainer.

Description

United States Patent 11 1 1111 3,827,270 Neilsen Aug. 6, 1974 DEBURRING DEVICES 3,400,566 9/1968 Gauer 72/199 1 Inventor Hfldwr Neflsen, 2 Juniper 31239333 24133? SZELZZFLELI: .11: 35/133 Metuchen, NJ. 08840 Filed: June 14, 1973 Primary Examiner-Lowell A. Larson [2]] App] No: 369,840 Attorney, Agent, or FirmRobert Henderson [52] ILLS. Cl 72/199, 29/90 A, 72/53, ABSTRACT 51 I t CH 4 72/190 An edge of sheet metal or other sheet material to be d 21d g deburred is peened and/or rolled by plural peening or 1 1e 0 earc 1 rolling elements loosely contained by a rapidly rotat- 29/90 90/24 F able annular retainer formed with a circular, radially outwardly facing slot through which peening and/or [56] References cued rolling action is provided between the metal edge held UNITED STATES PATENTS at said slot and the peening elements which are being 1,248,576 12/1917 Trood 72/ 199 centrifugally thrown outward by rapid rotation of said 1,929,987 10/1933 Mead 72/190 retainer. 3,094,888 6/1963 Grob 72/76 3,195,492 7/1965 Erickson 72/76 13 Claims, 23 Drawing Figures PATENIEB RUB 51974 I (IIIIIIII Ell! I lllll' OIIIIIIIIIIIIIA IIIIIIIIII'IIIII SHEET 3 [IF 3 1 DEBURRING DEVICES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Deburring of sheet metal edges has long been accomplished, subject to serious drawbacks, by cutting away the burred edge or by abrading it away. Quite recently, such burred edges have been removed by being peened away according to my US. Pat. No. 3,707,087 dated Dec. 26, 1972, wherein a peening tool is formed with jaws between which the burred edge is held and moved longitudinally while said tool is rapidly hammered against the burred edge by suitable means such as, for example, a rotary hammer. The latter arrangement has done much toward improving deburring practices.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THIS INVENTION The present invention is based upon my discovery that burred edges of metal or other sheet material may be peened and/or rolled away by employing rotary action and the resulting centrifugal force, instead of a direct hammer action, for throwing plural peening elements such as, for example, balls or rollers, forcibly against the burred edge while the latter is moved longitudinally at an area where the centrifugally-outwardly thrown peening elements are located.

OBJECTS OF THIS INVENTION An important object is to provide a deburring device in which plural peening elements may have an improved peening and deburring effect upon a metal or other edge to be deburred.

Another important object is to structurally simplify a peening type deburring device, thereby enabling it to be more economically manufactured.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the accompanying drawing which illustrates the present invention:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a deburring device according to a first embodiment of this invention, employing steel balls as peening elements.

FIG. 2 is a central sectional view approximately on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a deburring device according to a second embodiment of this invention, this embodiment, like all others hereinafter enumerated, employing steel rollers as peening elements.

FIG. 4 is an exploded, central sectional view of said second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a central sectional view of said second embodiment, approximately on the line 5-5 of FIG. 3, illustrating the assembled relationship of the parts shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a reduced-scale, radial sectional view, approximately on the line 6-6 of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of a deburring device according to a third embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 8 is an exploded, central sectional view of said third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a central sectional view of said third embodiment, approximately on the line 9-9 of FIG. 7, illustrating the assembled relationship of the parts shown in FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 is a view of a pair of roller retainer elements of the third embodiment, said elements being shown angularly separated to afford a view of roller cavities formed therein.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a deburring device according to a fourth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 12 is an exploded, central sectional view of said fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a central sectional view of said fourth embodiment approximately on the line 13-13 of FIG. 11, illustrating the assembled relationship of the parts shown in FIG. 12.

FIG. 14 is a radial sectional view of said fourth embodiment, approximately on the line l4-14 of FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a deburring device according to a fifth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 16 is an exploded, central sectional view of said fifth embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a central sectional view of said fifth embodiment, approximately on the line 1717 of FIG. 15, illustrating the assembled relationship of the parts shown in FIG. 16.

FIG. 18 a radial sectional view of said fifth embodiment, approximately on the line 18-18 of FIG. 17.

FIG. 19 is an exploded, central sectional view of a deburring device according to a sixth embodiment of this invention, which differs from said second embodiment chiefly in the omission of opposed, relatively thinwalled cups which are provided in the second embodiment and also in omitting roller pockets provided in the second embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a central sectional view of said sixth embodiment, illustrating the assembled relationship of the parts shown in FIG. 19.

FIGS. 21, 22, and 23 are elevational views of rollers useable according to this invention, illustrating several of numerous possible shapes of grooves which may be selectively provided in rollers employed within this invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THIS INVENTION THE FIRST EMBODIMENT The deburring device A of the first embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 as mounted upon one end of a shaft 30, adapted to be rapidly rotated by suitable motor means, not shown.

The device A comprises two cups 31 arranged with their insides facing each other and spaced by a central spacing sleeve 32, these three parts being rigidly fixed upon the shaft 30 between an integral flange 33 of the latter and a nut 34 tightly threaded upon the shaft to constrain the cups to turn with the shaft.

The edges of the side walls of the cups 31 are held in spaced relationship by the sleeve 32 to provide a continuous, circumferential slot 35 of sufficient width to permit introduction thereinto of an edge e of a sheet metal workpiece w, which edge is to be deburred.

An inside area 36 between the two cups 31 is partially filled with steel balls 37, all of greater diameter than the width of the slot 35. Said balls may optionally be coated with suitable abrasive material 38.

The extent of occupancy of the area 36 by the balls 37 should be sufficiently great that the latter will orbit rapidly about the shaft 37 as the latter and the cups 31 are rotated, but should be sufficiently limited to enable the balls to be thrown outwardly by centrifugal force resulting from such rotation. Circular bands 39 may be tightly fixed upon and about the side walls of the cups 31 if considered desirable or necessary.

Thus, in operation, as an edge e of a workpiece w is held in the slot 35 to protrude into the area 36 and is moved tangentially relatively to the rapidly rotating device A, the balls 37 are forcefully thrown outwardly against the edge e to peen away burrs therefrom. If the balls have abrasive surfaces, they also give an abrading or polishing effect as well as a peening effect upon the edge 2 being treated.

The other disclosed embodiments utilize rollers instead of balls, the rollers, like the balls, being responsive to centrifugal force in giving a deburring effect.

THE SECOND EMBODIMENT The device B, of the second embodiment (FIGS. 3-6), is constrained, like device A, to rotate with a shaft 30. It comprises opposed, rather deep cups 40, within which are tightly disposed similar, annular roller carriers 41 in opposed relation.

The roller carriers 41 are formed with inner sleeves 42 which abut each other tightly against relative angular shifting when said carriers are so firmly held between flange 33 and nut 34 on the shaft as to constrain the

parts

40 and 41 to turn with the shaft.

The edges of outer walls 43 of the carriers 41 are spaced sufficiently to provide a continuous, circumferential slot 44 for accommodating the edge e of a workpiece w to be deburred.

The walls 43 and the sleeves 42 of the two roller carriers define, between them, a circular series of similar opposed cavities forming composite roller pockets 45. Each of the latter contains a separate one of plural peening rollers 46 with such a loose fit as to enable the rollers to be thrown outwardly in related pockets 45 by centrifugal force as the device is rapidly rotated.

At their centers, each of the rollers 46 is formed with a circumferential groove 47 which may be abrasively surfaced as at 48. The rollers 46, otherwise, are of cylindrical shape.

In the operation of device B, the edge e of workpiece w is moved tangentially in the slot 44, as indicated by two straight arrows in FIG. 6 while being so held therein as to be engaged forcefully by the groove surfaces 48 of the rollers 46 as the latter are thrown outwardly against said edge. Thus, the groove surfaces of the rollers peen and roll away any burrs on the edge e, and, if the groove surfaces are abrasive, as suggested, an abrading action supplements the peening and rolling actions.

THE THIRD EMBODIMENT In the device C of the third embodiment (FIGS. 7-10), there are two solid annular roller retainers 49 spaced apart by a spacing sleeve 50, which, with the two said retainers, are tightly fixed by nut 34 upon the shaft 30.

As best shown in FIG. 10, the facing inner surfaces of the two retainers 49 are similarly cut out so that on each such surface there is formed a circular series of larger cavities 51 and smaller cavities 52, these two types of cavities being in alternate relationship in the series. In assembled relationship, the larger cavities 51 in each retainer 49 are in direct opposition to the smaller cavities 52 of the other retainer; and each roller 53 is retained in a

composite cavity

51, 52 defined by both retainers.

The rollers 53 are cylindrical, preferably being hemispherical at their outer ends and flat at their inner ends. The two retainers 49, as illustrated, accommodate eight such rollers in the

composite cavities

51, 52. Each roller is almost completely located within one of the larger cavities 51 and, under centrifugal force, shifts angularly in that cavity so that its inner end swings into the opposed smaller cavity 52 as indicated in broken lines in FIG. 9.

In operation, rapid rotation of the device causes the alternately oppositely cocked rollers 53 to swing angularly outwardly to a limited extent across the space be tween the two retainers 49 to engage opposite sides of edge e of workpiece w held between said retainers as the workpiece is moved tangentially of the device. Thus, said edge is peened and rolled to remove burrs therefrom.

THE FOURTH EMBODIMENT In device D of the fourth embodiment (FIGS. 11-14), plural trunnioned rollers 54 are retained by side walls of opposed shallow cups or dishes 55 between which a roller guide 56 is tightly clamped on shaft 30 by a nut 34. The edges of said side walls are so spaced as to provide a circumferential slot 57 through which the rollers may partially protrude when the device is rotated.

Each of the rollers 54 has a central portion 58 formed with a groove 59, and integral trunnions 60 which extend coaxially from opposite sides of the central portion 54. The roller guide 56 is formed with a circumferential channel 61, and both opposite circular walls 62 of said channel are cut away to form therein circular series of axially aligned radial slots which open at the peripheries of the walls 62 and extend radially inwardly to such a depth as to enable a related roller 54 to be free to move completely into the channel 61 as indicated in broken lines in FIG. 12 when the device is not in use. Outward movement of the rollers 54 under centrifugal force is limited by engagement of the rollers trunnions with the inner faces of the sidewalls of the cups or dishes 55.

In the operation of device D, the edge e of workpiece w is moved tangentially (FIG. 14), approximately in the plane of the grooves 59 of the plural rollers 54 while held firmly within the orbital paths of the rollers. Thus, in rapid succession, the rollers 54 peen and roll the edge e to remove burrs therefrom.

THE FIFTH EMBODIMENT The device E of the fifth embodiment (FIGS. 15-18), includes an annular spacing element 64, tightly fixed between shallow cups 65 by nut 34 upon shaft 30. The peripheral surface 66 of said spacing element forms, with side walls 67 of said cups, a circular raceway 68 within which is contained a circular series of rollers 69.

When the shaft 30, with device E, are rotated rapidly, the rollers 69 are in engagement with the inner faces of the cups side walls 67, as illustrated in FIG. 18.

The plural rollers 69 have diameters aggregating less than the length of the orbital path 70 (indicated by broken line in FIG. 18) to prevent binding between adjacent rollers. Also, the raceway 68, while wide enough to permit radial shifting of the rollers, is narrow enough (less than twice a rollers diameter) to prevent dislocation of the rollers from their serial positions when the device is not in use.

In operation of device E, an edge e of workpiece w, protruding into a circumferential slot 71, is moved tangentially in engagement successively with the rollers 69 which hammer and roll against said edge to deburr it.

THE SIXTH EMBODIMENT The device F of the sixth embodiment (FIGS. 19 and 20), is similar to device E in principle of operation. It is simpler in structure, however, and is well suited as a smaller version of the invention.

Device F comprises a pair of roller containers 72 and a series of rollers 7 3 loosely contained within a raceway 74 formed by opposed annular channels 75 in the containers 72. Sleeve-like inner walls 76 of said channels are of greater axial dimension than the outer walls 77 so that when the two containers 72 are firmly fixed upon shaft 30, said outer walls define a circumferential slot 78 therebetween. The width of the raceway 74 in relation to the diameters of the rollers and the aggregate of said diameters in relation to the length of the rollers orbit are such that, as with device E, the rollers work freely in the raceway without becoming serially displaced. Y

In the operation of device F, an edge e of a workpiece w is introduced into slot 78 in engagement with the rapidly orbiting rollers 73 to hammer and roll said edge to remove burrs therefrom.

SOME GENERAL OBSERVATIONS The parts of the disclosed devices should preferably be of steel or other more or less equivalent material. The balls or rollers should preferably be of hardened steel. The provision of abrasive surfaces on the balls or in the grooves of the rollers is optional but is considered to be of some advantage.

Operation of all the disclosed devices is similar in the manner of holding and moving an edge to be deburred against deburring balls or rollers.

It should be apparent, from the foregoing, that various other structural arrangements and devices may be employed, within the invention, to derive an edgedeburring effect as herein disclosed.

I claim:

1. A deburring device for deburring edges of sheet material, comprising an annular peening-element container coaxially fixed upon a rotatable shaft and constrained to turn therewith, plural peening elements loosely retained in said container and capable of radially outward displacement arising from centrifugal force developed by rotation of said device while so retained, and said container being formed with a continuous circumferential slot providing an area for deburring interengagement between said peening elements and a workpiece edge.

2. A deburring device according to claim 1, said container being provided with an annular, coaxial cavity within which said peening elements are retained; said cavity being uninterruptedly of uniform, generally rectangular shape in radial, axial planes at all points therearound.

3. A deburring device according to claim 2, said container comprising a pair of similar coaxial cups fixed centrally upon said shaft with concave portions of the cups facing each other and edges of sidewalls of the cups spaced apart to provide said circumferential slot.

4. A deburring device according to claim 2, said peening elements being spherical.

5. A deburring device according to claim 3, said peening elements being similar, generally cylindrical rollers each having a groove extending centrally there around, and the axes of said rollers extending axially of said shaft with all said grooves approximately in a common radial plane.

6. A deburring device according to claim 5, said annular cavity being less, in radial dimension, than twice the diameter of one of said rollers.

7. A deburring device according to claim 6, the aggregate of the diameters of all said rollers being less than the length of the orbital path of said rollers pursued during rotation of said device.

8. A deburring device according to claim 6, said device including an annular spacing element disposed centrally between said cups to space them apart, and the radial dimension of said annular cavity being defined by the periphery of said spacing element and the inner surfaces of side walls of said cups.

9. A deburring device according to claim 1, said container being provided with a coaxial cavity therewithin including plural, equidistant radial pockets, said peening elements being rollers of which one roller is disposed loosely in each of said pockets; and said rollers having grooves approximately in a common plane corresponding to the plane of said circumferential slot.

10. A deburring device according to claim 9, each of said rollers having a central, grooved portion and trunnions at opposite sides of said central portion coacting with a related one of said radial pockets for retention of the roller therewithin; said central portions of the rollers protruding through said circumferential slot to the exterior of the device when the latter is in operation.

11. A deburring device according to claim 10, said container comprising a pair of similar coaxial cups fixed centrally upon said shaft with concave portions of the cups facing each other, a roller guide tightly fixed upon said shaft, between said cups, to so space the latter that the edges of sidewalls of said cups define said circumferential slot; said side walls constituting the radially outer limits of said radial slots and being in interfering disposition relatively to said trunnions to limit radially outward shifting of said rollers.

12. A deburring device according to claim 1, said peening elements being rollers, and said container comprising a pair of annular roller elements fixed coaxially upon said shaft in such spaced relationship as to form said circumferential slot, the opposing faces of said retainers having similar series of roller receiving cavities formed therein, each series comprising radially extending, alternately larger and smaller cavities, said two roller retainers being held on the shaft in relative angular positions in which the larger cavities of each retainer align with and are supplemented by the smaller cavities of the other retainer to form composite cavities each for holding a single roller, said rollers being retained in said composite cavities in radially extending positions alternately in opposite acute angular relation to said opposing faces and being free at their inner ends to swing to an increased angular relation across said circumferential slot for deburring engagement with a workpiece edge disposed in said circumferential slot for deburring.

13. A deburring device according to claim 2, said peening elements being cylindrical.

Claims

5. A deburring device according to claim 3, said peening elements being similar, generally cylindrical rollers each having a groove extending centrally therearound, and the axes of said rollers extending axially of said shaft with all said grooves approximately in a common radial plane.