US3788562A - Recovery of asbestos fibers from asbestos ore - Google Patents

Recovery of asbestos fibers from asbestos ore Download PDF

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Publication number
US3788562A
US3788562A US00226887A US3788562DA US3788562A US 3788562 A US3788562 A US 3788562A US 00226887 A US00226887 A US 00226887A US 3788562D A US3788562D A US 3788562DA US 3788562 A US3788562 A US 3788562A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
asbestos
fibers
ore
chunks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00226887A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Greenlay
E Andreas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Salzgitter Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
HAZEMAG HARTZERKLEINERUNG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of US3788562A publication Critical patent/US3788562A/en
Assigned to SALZGITTER MASCHINENBAU GMBH reassignment SALZGITTER MASCHINENBAU GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO., BY: KARL W. WISSING, RECEIVER IN BAKRUPTCY
Assigned to WISSING, KARL-WILHELM, TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY reassignment WISSING, KARL-WILHELM, TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY COURT APPOINTMENT (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO. KG, BY: THE DISTRICT COURT OF GERMANY BANKRUPT
Assigned to HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO. reassignment HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). DECEMBER 18, 1972 AND MARCH 21, 1977 RESPECTIVELY, GERMANY Assignors: HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS KG (CHANGED TO), HAZEMAG, HARTZERKLEINERUNGS-UND ZEMENT-MASCHINENBAU-GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAFTUNG (CHANGED TO)
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/13—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and combined with sifting devices, e.g. for making powdered fuel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge

Definitions

  • a suction conduit communicates with the housing in the region where the crushing takes place so as to immediately withdraw asbestos fibers which are liberated by the crushmg.
  • the present invention relates generally to the recovery of asbestos fibers from asbestos ore, and more particularly to a method of recovering such fibers and to an apparatus to carry out the method.
  • Asbestos fibers are obtained by recovery from asbestos ore wherein layers of tightly adjacent asbestos fibers are embedded between matrix material.
  • the fibers must therefore be separated from the matrix material, that is rock or the like, and the longer the fibers are which are recovered by separation, the more valuable they are because the wider is their range of applicability and usefulness.
  • clumps (known as copses) which become released from the embedding matrix during the initial breaking of the ore in the mine, for instance by explosive means. After. these clumps have been removed the remaining chunks of ore are subjected to one or more fragmenting stages with the aim of separating the matrix and the asbestos fibers to the maximum extent possible, thereby recovering fiber bundles and individual fibers from the matrix.
  • Fiberizer centrifugal-type hammer mills having a rotor which turns about a vertical axis and is surrounded by a series of annularly arranged impact plates.
  • Ore is admitted from above and is flung by contact with the hammers of the rotor against the impact plates, being fractured as a result of the impacts it thus receives and in the process yielding asbestos fibers. These fibers are aspirated out of the region of the rotor as rapidly as possible.
  • the impact plates associated with this rotor are mounted above the rotor.-The ore is supplied to the rotor at the upper half of the rising side of the rotor, that is to say, where the striking elements of the rotor move in upward direction, so that the ore chunks are engaged by the rotor and impelled upwardly against the impact plates. Ore chunks which have not been sufficiently crushed fall back upon the rotor and are impelled again against the impact plates. Fibers which are liberated are withdrawn by suction, preferably in upward direction.
  • An apparatus of this type which has a significantly improved fiber recovery capability as opposed to the first-mentionedapparatus is for instance disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,957,633 to which reference may be had.
  • a concomitant object of the invention is to provide such an improved method which not only permits the recovery of a larger percentage of asbestos fiber from asbestos ore than heretofore possible, but which also permits the recovery of a larger percentage of relatively longer fibers than was heretofore possible.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide apparatus which is capable of carrying out the invention.
  • the invention is based on the surprising realization that the quantity of fibers recovered from asbestos ore can be substantially increased if each chunk of ore is subjected to only one strike and only one impact, and if suction is applied at the same time to the region where the strike and the impact take place, that is, where the chunk of ore becomes crushed and where fibers become separated from the matrix material and from fiber bundles.
  • a method according to the present invention for the recovery of asbestos fibers from asbestos ore therefore comprises the steps of feeding chunks of asbestos ore in at least substantially vertical path intercepting the chunks and subjecting each of them to only one accelerating strike and one decelerating impact so as to crush the chunk and liberate asbestos fibers therefrom.
  • the liberated fibers are immediately entrained by suction and conveyed away from the crushing zone and from the crushed chunks.
  • each chunk still contain asbestos fibers and may, in accordance with a further concept of the invention, be subjected to the same method steps one more time or several more times, as long as each such fragment (or each correspondingly smaller fragment) is subjected to only one strike from the rotor and one impact on the impact element.
  • This apparatus comprises, briefly stated, a housing having an interior chamber, supply means for gravityfeeding chunks of asbestos ore in at least substantially vertical direction into said chamber, and suction means communicating with a region of the chamber. It further comprises striking means in the chamber constructed and arranged for subjecting the respective chunks to a single accelerating strike and thereafter to a single decelerating impact in the region where the suction means communicates with the housing chamber, to thereby crush the chunks of ore and liberate therefrom asbestos fibers which are immediately removed from the chamber by aspiration via the suction means.
  • the outlet opening of the feed path or chute which latter should be vertical or substantially vertical, is located proximal to the apex of the orbital path travelled by the striking bars provided on the periphery of a rotor of the apparatus, and that it have a width as seen in the direction of rotation of the rotor which corresponds at most to approximately percent of the diameter of the orbital path in which the striking bars of the rotor travel.
  • the inlet to the suction conduit or similar aspiratingv means may be located above or below the level of the rotor, as long as it provides sufficient aspirating capability (i.e., suction), in the region where the fibers are liberated from the crushed chunks of ore.
  • Impactors of this general type are not novel per se, and are for instance known from US. Pat. Nos. 2,192,606 and 2,292,852. They are not, however, suitable for recovering asbestos fibers from asbestos ore nor have they even been used for such purposes because they do not provide suction means for removing the fibers in combination with only a single strike and a single impact of each chunk of ore. Because of this, they cannot afford the advantages achieved with the present invention.
  • the smaller fragments obtained by crushing of the chunks can again be passed through the apparatus and processed in the same manner as the originally larger chunks because all loose fibers adhering to these fragments were previously withdrawn by suction as the larger chunks were fractured, so that such fibers cannot again be subjected to strikes and impacts which would fracture them into small pieces.
  • the rotor is advantageously composed of two or more disk-shaped elements mounted on a rotor axle or shaft and provided in their circumferences with substantially radial slots in which elongated striking bars are mounted.
  • the rotor in the apparatus according to the present invention does not have a cylindrical body of closed circumference, but has an open circumference intermediate the individual striking bars so that the chunks of ore which are admitted at relatively high speed (in the simplest manner by permitting them to fall from a relatively great height through a feeding chute of appropriate length) will enter relatively deep into the interior of the rotor and will thus be contacted by the front faces of the striking bars rather than by the radially outer edges of the striking bars.
  • the invention provides for that wall of the supply chute which is located upstream as seen with reference to the direction of rotation of the rotor that is which faces oppositely the direction of, rotation to extend with its lower portion close to the orbital path in which the striking bars of the rotor move.
  • the opposite wall of the chute that is the one which is spaced from the just mentioned wall in the direction of rotation of the rotor, should terminate with its lower portion at a larger distance from the orbital path so that chunks of ore which are struck by the outer edges of the striking bars and which are usually flung slightly upwardly, will not contact this wall.
  • a further means according to the present invention for reducing eddy current interference and similar phenomena is the provision of a curved wall which extends from the lower end of the first-mentioned or upstream wall of the supply chute about the periphery of the rotor counter to the direction of rotation of the latter with slight radial spacing from the orbital path of the striking bars of the rotor.
  • this wall is provided then it is advantageous that it be formed slightly upstream of the supply chute that is at locations slightly spaced from this upstream wall of the supply chute in direction opposite the rotation of the rotor with one or more apertures through which the air which is dammed by the advancing striking bars, can escape and be vented before it reaches the'outlet opening of the supply chute. Otherwise it would disadvantageously influence the speed at which the ore is moving as it encounters the striking bars of the rotor.
  • the impact element itself is preferably provided with an at least substantially planar impact surface the upper edge of which is closer than the lower edge to the vertical axial plane passing through the axis of rotation of the rotor. Because of this the impacting ore chunks are effectively diverted in downward direction, towards the outlet through which they are intended to-fall, without again entering into the orbital path of the striking bars, that is, without being subjected to a second strike from these bars.
  • the distance of the horizontal axis about which the impact element is advantageously pivotable and adjustable and which ex tends in parallelism with the axis of rotation of the rotor can be adjusted with reference to the axis of the rotor so that the apparatus can be accommodated tothe particular characteristics of the ore being processed, such characteristics being not always identical.
  • FIGURE is a somewhat simplified sectional elevation through an apparatus according to the present invention.
  • reference numberal 1 identifies a housing of the apparatus in which a rotor is journalled for rotation about a horizontal axis defined by the shaft 2.
  • the rotor rotates in counterclockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow shown in the FIGURE, but of course this is only in the particular exemplary embodiment.
  • the rotor itself is composed of two disk-shaped members 3 (one shown, whereas the other one should be imagined to extend in parallelism with it but in front of 1 the plane of the FIGURE) which are mounted on the shaft 2 forrotation therewith.
  • the peripheries of these members 3 are provided with approximately radial slots in which elongated striking bars 4 are mounted.
  • the shafts defining the axes 6 can be horizontally shifted towards and away from the shaft 2 by means of the illustrated screw spindle units 7 which are pivoted to the impact element 5 as indicated and mounted on the housing 1.
  • the wall 9 is the upstream wall which faces oppositely the direction of rotation of the rotor and its lower portion is located close to the orbital path in which the striking bars 4 rotate.
  • the lower portion of the downstream wall 10 is located at a greater distance from this orbital path for the reasons indicated earlier.
  • a wall 11 extends from the lower portion of wall 9 circumferentially of the rotor opposite to the direction of movement thereof with slight radial spacing from the orbital path of the striking bars 4 and surrounding in the illustrated embodiment approximately one quadrant of this orbital path.
  • the wall 11 can also be curved or otherwise configurated.
  • an aspirating or suction conduit 13 communicates with the housing 1.
  • Chunks of asbestos ore advance through the supply chute 8 preferably in free fall from a great height and enter into the orbital path of the striking bars 4. Because of the open-periphery construction of the rotor 2, 3 and because of their relatively great speed of travel, these chunks are for the most part engaged not by the outermost edges of the striking bars 4, but by the front surfaces 40 to which they can penetrate radially inwardly of the rotor. They are struck by the surfaces 40 and are flung in approximately horizontal direction against the surface of the impact element 5. The initial strike of the striking bars against the chunks of ore produces in the zone 14 to a significant extent a separation of the fiber bundles in the ore chunks from matrix material, and a separation of the thus liberated fiber bundles into their individual constituent fibers.
  • a further separation takes place in the zone 14 as a result of the impact of the ore chunks and fiber bundles against the element 5.
  • the liberated fibers are immediately withdrawn, in the illustrated embodiment in upward direction, into and through the conduit 13 without having the opportunity to come into contact again with the striking bars 4 which would otherwise break them and make them shorter.
  • the fragments into which the chunks have been separated fall downwardly out of the housing 1, again for the most part without coming into contact again with the striking bars 4. They may then be recycled through the supply chute 8.
  • the dimension of the supply chute 8 which is indicated with a should not be larger than 15 percent of the diameter of the orbital path traversed by the outer edges of the striking bars 4, but preferably it should be even less than 15 percent.
  • the chute 8 will of course have a dimension which preferably corresponds to the length of the striking bars 4.
  • An apparatus for recovering asbestos fibers from asbestos ore with minimum fiber breakage comprising a housing having an interior chamber provided with an upper inlet through which asbestos ore chunks having fibers embedded in matrix material are gravity-fed in at least substantially vertical direction; contact means in said chamber for crushing said ore chunks, comprising a rotor mounted for turning movement about a horizontal axis and having a plurality of circumferentially spaced striking elements which move about said axis in an orbital path the apex of which is located below said inlet, said striking elements imparting to the gravity-fed ore chunks a single strike to accelerate them in dircetion transversely of said axis, and an impact element spaced from said rotor in said direction and from which each accelerated ore chunk receives a single decelerating impact, said ore chunks being crushed by said impacts so that the lighter asbestos fibers become liberated from the heavier matrix material in the zone between said rotor and said impact element; an outlet below said zone through which said matrix material falls by gravity and suction
  • said impact element including a substantially planar impact surface having an upper and a lower edge which are respectively closer to and farther from a vertical axial plane passing through said horizontal axis.
  • An apparatus as defined in claim 6, further comprising mounting means mounting said impact element for pivoting movement about an additional horizontal axis, and regulating means for regulating the angular position of said impact element with reference to said additional axis, and for varying the distance of said additional axis relative to said vertical axial plane passing through said horizontal axis.
  • said rotor comprising a shaft extending along and defining said horizontal axis, and at least a pair of axially spaced diskshaped members mounted on said shaft and each having a periphery provided-with a plurality of circumferentially spaced substantially radial slots, said striking elements each extending longitudinally of said shaft and being received and retained in one slot each of the respective disk-shaped members.
  • a method of recovering asbestos fibers from asbestos ore comprising the steps of feeding chunks of asbestos ore comprising asbestos fibers in matrix material in an at least substantially vertical path; intercepting the respective chunks and subjecting at least most of said chunks to only one accelerating strike at one point and only one decelerating impact at another point which is transversely spaced from said one point, so as to crush the chunks and to liberate asbestos fibers from said matrix material in the zone intermediate said points; and entraining the liberated asbestos fibers by suction in said zone immediately following the respective decelerating impact for conveying them out of said zone and away from said path and matrix material so as to prevent fragmenting of said fibers by further impacting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
US00226887A 1972-02-16 1972-02-16 Recovery of asbestos fibers from asbestos ore Expired - Lifetime US3788562A (en)

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US22688772A 1972-02-16 1972-02-16

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CA (1) CA986077A (de)
DE (1) DE2300715C2 (de)
ZA (1) ZA73816B (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4645131A (en) * 1984-12-24 1987-02-24 Hailey Robert W Powder milling method to produce fine powder sizes
US4662571A (en) * 1981-09-08 1987-05-05 Macdonald George J Mineral impact breaking apparatus
US5096129A (en) * 1989-04-20 1992-03-17 Cryo Quench Plus, Inc. Procedure and apparatus for comminuting hard material bodies
US5188300A (en) * 1991-06-07 1993-02-23 Joachim Wolf Method for disposing of filter cartridges
US5226603A (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-07-13 Reichner Thomas W Method and apparatus for impaction processing of ore bodies
US20040061009A1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2004-04-01 Rosser F. F. Scrap fragmenting apparatus
WO2010071550A3 (en) * 2008-12-15 2010-08-05 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Horizontal shaft impact crusher
CN103263957A (zh) * 2013-06-04 2013-08-28 徐州徐工施维英机械有限公司 反击架调整装置及反击式破碎机
CN103316740A (zh) * 2013-07-02 2013-09-25 徐州徐工施维英机械有限公司 反击板全自动调整装置及破碎机械
US8668158B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2014-03-11 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Horizontal shaft impact crusher
CN106799278A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-06-06 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 破碎筛分装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8813467U1 (de) * 1988-10-10 1989-02-02 Gronholz, Claus, Dipl.-Ing., 22851 Norderstedt Prallbrecher
DE102018103342A1 (de) * 2018-02-14 2019-08-14 Erutec Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufbereitung und Verarbeitung von Faserstoffabfällen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2192606A (en) * 1938-01-17 1940-03-05 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Impact crusher
US2292852A (en) * 1940-07-17 1942-08-11 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Impact crusher
US2707314A (en) * 1951-10-23 1955-05-03 Simpson Herbert Corp Method of reclaiming granular material
US2891734A (en) * 1955-09-06 1959-06-23 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Disintegrating asbestos ores
US3062459A (en) * 1959-01-08 1962-11-06 Arthur G Dearing Two stage centrifugal impact pulverizing apparatus with annular elastomeric concaves
US3580537A (en) * 1968-06-20 1971-05-25 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Process for dressing asbestos ore waste
US3587983A (en) * 1967-05-27 1971-06-28 Krupp Gmbh Device for cleaning the baffle walls of baffle crushing machines

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2192606A (en) * 1938-01-17 1940-03-05 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Impact crusher
US2292852A (en) * 1940-07-17 1942-08-11 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Impact crusher
US2707314A (en) * 1951-10-23 1955-05-03 Simpson Herbert Corp Method of reclaiming granular material
US2891734A (en) * 1955-09-06 1959-06-23 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Disintegrating asbestos ores
US3062459A (en) * 1959-01-08 1962-11-06 Arthur G Dearing Two stage centrifugal impact pulverizing apparatus with annular elastomeric concaves
US3587983A (en) * 1967-05-27 1971-06-28 Krupp Gmbh Device for cleaning the baffle walls of baffle crushing machines
US3580537A (en) * 1968-06-20 1971-05-25 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Process for dressing asbestos ore waste

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4662571A (en) * 1981-09-08 1987-05-05 Macdonald George J Mineral impact breaking apparatus
US4645131A (en) * 1984-12-24 1987-02-24 Hailey Robert W Powder milling method to produce fine powder sizes
US5096129A (en) * 1989-04-20 1992-03-17 Cryo Quench Plus, Inc. Procedure and apparatus for comminuting hard material bodies
US5188300A (en) * 1991-06-07 1993-02-23 Joachim Wolf Method for disposing of filter cartridges
US5226603A (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-07-13 Reichner Thomas W Method and apparatus for impaction processing of ore bodies
US20040061009A1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2004-04-01 Rosser F. F. Scrap fragmenting apparatus
US20050145734A1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2005-07-07 Uxb International, Inc. Scrap fragmenting apparatus
US7942356B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2011-05-17 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Horizontal shaft impact crusher
WO2010071550A3 (en) * 2008-12-15 2010-08-05 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Horizontal shaft impact crusher
CN102215972A (zh) * 2008-12-15 2011-10-12 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 水平轴冲击式破碎机
EA016214B1 (ru) * 2008-12-15 2012-03-30 Сандвик Интеллекчуал Проперти Аб Ударная дробилка с горизонтальным валом
CN102215972B (zh) * 2008-12-15 2013-12-18 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 水平轴冲击式破碎机
AU2009327622B2 (en) * 2008-12-15 2014-11-13 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Horizontal shaft impact crusher
US8668158B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2014-03-11 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Horizontal shaft impact crusher
US8967504B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2015-03-03 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Horizontal shaft impact crusher
CN103263957A (zh) * 2013-06-04 2013-08-28 徐州徐工施维英机械有限公司 反击架调整装置及反击式破碎机
CN103316740A (zh) * 2013-07-02 2013-09-25 徐州徐工施维英机械有限公司 反击板全自动调整装置及破碎机械
CN103316740B (zh) * 2013-07-02 2015-03-04 徐州徐工施维英机械有限公司 反击板全自动调整装置及破碎机械
CN106799278A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-06-06 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 破碎筛分装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA73816B (en) 1973-11-28
CA986077A (en) 1976-03-23
DE2300715A1 (de) 1973-08-23
DE2300715C2 (de) 1982-11-11

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AS Assignment

Owner name: WISSING, KARL-WILHELM, TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY

Free format text: COURT APPOINTMENT;ASSIGNOR:HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO. KG, BY: THE DISTRICT COURT OF GERMANY BANKRUPT;REEL/FRAME:005216/0054

Effective date: 19881115

Owner name: SALZGITTER MASCHINENBAU GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO., BY: KARL W. WISSING, RECEIVER IN BAKRUPTCY;REEL/FRAME:005216/0056

Effective date: 19890510

Owner name: HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS GMBH & CO.

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNORS:HAZEMAG, HARTZERKLEINERUNGS-UND ZEMENT-MASCHINENBAU-GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAFTUNG (CHANGED TO);HAZEMAG DR. E. ANDREAS KG (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:005216/0044

Effective date: 19881208