US3759661A - Kiln cars - Google Patents
Kiln cars Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3759661A US3759661A US00219303A US3759661DA US3759661A US 3759661 A US3759661 A US 3759661A US 00219303 A US00219303 A US 00219303A US 3759661D A US3759661D A US 3759661DA US 3759661 A US3759661 A US 3759661A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- kiln car
- barrier means
- car according
- posts
- kiln
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000288673 Chiroptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
- F27D3/123—Furnace cars
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C08K5/18—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds with aromatically bound amino groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K15/00—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change
- C09K15/04—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds
- C09K15/16—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C09K15/18—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds containing nitrogen containing an amine or imine moiety
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
Definitions
- the invention concerns kiln cars each of which comprises a base having wheels enabling same to travel along a track in the kiln or enclosure, and superposed on the base a structure known generally and herein termed a car top, on the upwardly presented face of which the load of ceramic. were is supported when'the kiln car is in use.
- kiln cars are herein referred to .as being of the kind specified.
- the car top comprises a lower part or subdeck which serves the purpose of acting as a heat barrier between a heating zone in which the were is situated,
- the base of the kiln carto be constructed of ordinary mild steel girders or the like strucrial which serve peripherally to enclose a central portion formed of cast ceramic material.
- the central portion may include a layer of loose aggregate.
- the upper part of the car top is usually composed of beams, termed piers, laid side by side on the upwardly presented surface of the subdeck, and at their upper ends collectively providing the required supporting surface for the ware. Often there is more than one layer of such piers, the piers of successive layers being ar-' ranged transversely to each other.
- the upper part of the car top has been composed of relatively thick-walled posts having enlargements of their cross-section at their lower and upper ends standing on but not penetrating the subdeck these posts supporting a were carrying platform respectively.
- a subdeck composed of a metal box containing foil.
- the upper part of the car top in this case comprised a number of upwardly extending posts standing, at their lower ends on the box forming the subdeck and carrying at their upper ends a load carrying deck for supporting the ware.
- One of the major disadvantages is that a considerable weight of material is involved in the construction or formation of the car top as a whole (i.e., the subdeck and upper part), and inevitably the heat absorbed-by that, or larger than that, absorbed by the load of ceramic ware.
- the ware may have a residence time in the kiln or enclosure of the order of 1 hour, heating of the ware to the proper temperature may be delayed, and, moreover, a very substantial quantity of heat is lost when the car moves out of theenclosure and the heat absorbed by the car top is dissipated.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new or improved construction of kiln car whereby these disadvantages are avoided or reduced.
- a kiln car comprising a base having wheels enabling the car to travel along a track in a kiln or enclosure, and a car top superposed on the base and which includes firstly a load carrying means formed of posts having lower end portions interengaged vertically with complementary "receiving elements on the base and providing stable support for the posts, the latter at their upper endssupporting an upper deck for carrying the ware, and secondly a thermal barrier means through which the posts extend.
- the thermal barrier means may be composed of layers of lightweight material since it performs only the function of heat-insulation and does not require to either bear anypart of the load or provide stabilization the car top is substantial and may be comparable'with therefor. This enables the mass 'ofmaterial incorporated in the car top to be very significantly reduced in comparison with conventional car tops. Accordingly the car top in accordance with the invention is especially suitable for use in kilncars requiredto undergo fast heating cycles as above referred to.
- FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation and in longitudinal cross-section on the line 22 of FIG. 2 through one embodiment of kiln car in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 2 is a view in transverse cross-section on theline 1-1- of FIG. 1 through'the same embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same embodiment in which the top deck is omitted;
- FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale in vertical longitudinal cross-section through two adjacent kiln cars;
- FIG. 5 is a fragmentary view in plan showing a modified form of top layer in the heat insulating barrier.
- FIG. 6 is a fragmentary plan view on an enlarged scale of the top deck of the kiln car.
- resulting grid is surrounded by an outer frame composed of longitudinally extending girders 13 and transverse girders 14.
- Axle beams 15 carrying flanged wheels 16 for running on rails extending through the kiln with which the car is intended to be used are supported by brackets 17 secured to certain of the girders 11.
- All these components may be made from relatively inexpensive material, for example mild steel.
- a car top comprising an upper deck 19.
- Such deck is composed of a plurality of rectangular thin walled plates or bats 20 of ceramic material formed with bevelled corners to form apertures so that collectively they are supported in coplanar relation and located against horizontal displacement by caps 21 having upwardly projecting square spigots 22 extending through the apertures defined by the cut-outs, as seen more particularly in FIG. 6.
- the car top further comprises a plurality of upwardly sockets 24 or secured thereto as by welding if desired.
- the barrier means is composed of a plurality of strata or layers of which the uppermost is a thin plate of ceramic batt or compressed fibre board tiles 26. This typically has a thickness of only some quarter of an inch and hence is of very low mass per unit area.
- the tiles 26 as seen in FIG. 3 are bevelled at their corners to provide apertures for passage of the posts. Where the posts emerge they are fitted with frustoconical sleeves 26a closely embracing the posts and covering the apertures.
- Two types of tiles are involved projecting support elements in the form of thin walled posts of circular cross-section composed of ceramic materials as indicated at 23.
- the wall thickness of the tubes is selected to provide adequate strength to carry the load, whilst at the same time restricting the heat conduction path from the zone 18 to the base of the car, and thereby reducing the rate of transference of heat to the base of the car.
- the tubes may have a diameter of between 2.5 cm and 10 cm typically about 5 cm, and a wall thickness of between 3 mm and 25 mm respectively typically about 6 mm.
- Posts of other cross-sectional shape may be employed e.g., cruciform shape or hollow rectangular shape.
- the ratio of cross-sectional area to circumscribing area would preferably be in the range already mentioned.
- the posts interfit vertically with complementary elements in a male and female relation such as to provide lateral stability to the posts.
- the necessary elements comprise sockets 24 on the base of the car.
- Such sockets may be formed from mild steel sheet or plate welded to appropriate H girders such as the girders 12.
- the lower end portions of the posts 23 are a relatively loose sliding fit in the sockets 24, thereby providing an air space between the inner surfaces of the'sockets and the tubes except for points of local contact, and further retarding conductive heat transmission from the tubes to the base of the car.
- posts are removable from the sockets and, therefore, the number of posts employed can be varied as required in accordance with the load to be carried. Further, any damaged posts can readily be replaced.
- a thermal barrier means 25 Overlying the base of the car, and situated at a level just above the base, is a thermal barrier means 25 having apertures through which the posts 23 extend.
- the barrier means is, therefore, not structurally loaded by the posts and does not perform any load-bearing function with respect to the load of ware or the parts of the car top above the barrier means.
- the barrier means is supported in metal plates 28 on the upper ends of the in the layer shown in FIG. 3, whereas in the modification shown in FIG. 5 a single form of tile 26b is used having an additional V-shaped cut-out 260 along each edge.
- the first layer 27a may be composed of a aluminosilicate ceramic fibre the material known as KOOWOOL is suitable. This material is of fairly open or uncompressed forrn. The interstices between the fibres provide a particularly effective degree of heat insulation. Blocks of rigid ceramic heat insulating material 27b are provided in the layer 27a to support the tiles 26.
- the second layer 27c is composed of Vermiculite and is of particulate form.
- the third layer 27d is composed of a board or tiles of light-weight slab material such as calcium silicate. Alternatively a diatomaceous material such as that known as SKAMOL N/4 is suitable.
- the particulate layer 270 can be replaced by one composed of a light weight heat insulating or other material of non-particulate i.e., shape holding form. This allows posts 23 to be withdrawn for replacement without spillage material into the openings through the barrier means or into the sockets 24.
- the barrier means further includes a peripheral frame composed along the sides of insulating refractory bricks 29 and plates 30 supported on the peripheral girders 13 and 14 of the base.
- the girder 14 carries an insulating refractory brick 31 the end face of which has an upwardly presented step 32, in profile whereas the other end of the car of the brick 33 has an end face which has a downwardly presented step 34 in profile.
- the ends of the girders l1 carry contact plates 35 which engage to preserve a stepped passageway between stepped profile faces of the bricks 31 33 on two successive cars when their plates 35 abut one another.
- barrier means bounded laterally by dense elements of considerable mechanical strength, yet in its interior the barrier means is composed of relatively light materials.
- this material absorbs only a relatively small quantity of heat in comparison with car tops of conventional form and the kiln car, is, therefore, especially well adapted for use kilns or other enclosures where heating is requiredto be carried out in accor-v dance .with a short cycle time.
- the mass per unit plan area presented by the layers 26, 27a 27b 27c is of the order of 0.005 Kg/sq cm (approximately lb./sq.ft/).
- Somewhat more dense heat insulating materials could be employed providing a mass per unit plan area of up to 0.010 Kg/sq. cm (approximately lb./sq,ft) while still maintaining the technical advantages achieved by the present invention.
- r v 1 In a kiln'car comprising a base having wheels for running on a kiln track, a car top superposed on the base, a non-load bearing thermal barrier means overlying the base, upright supports extending through said thermal barrier means, and an upper ware supporting deck carried by said supports, the improvement wherein:
- the supports comprise thin-walled support elements of non-metallic material
- receiving elements for the support elements are disposed at least predominantly below, and thermally protected by said thermal barrier means;
- the support elements interfit vertically with the receiving elements.
- a kiln car according to claim 1 wherein said support elements releasably interfit withthe corresponding receiving elements.
- a kiln car according to claim 2 whereinsaid receiving elements comprise sockets and the support elements comprise hollow posts, and wherein the lower ends of the posts are loosely interfitted with said sockets to minimise heat transference between the posts and the sockets.
- thermal barrier means rests on metal plates extending between and resting onor connected to said sockets adjacent to their upper ends.
- non-metallic refractory elements having end faces of complementary stepped profile in vertical longitudinal cross-section.
- abutment members adapted to engage the corresponding abutment members on an adjacent car to maintain separation between complementary ones of said end faces on adjacent cars respectively and hence maintain a passageway of stepped profile between said adjacent cars.
- each support element is a hollow post the dimensions of which are such that the ratio of its transverse cross-sectional area relative to its circumscribed area is between 0.3 and 0.8, to reduce conductive transmission of the heat to said base of said kiln car to an acceptably low level while providing the required mechanical strength to support the ware load.
- thermal barrier means includes an upper plate-like layer which is resistant to flame impingement.
- thermal barrier means includes ceramic supports.
- thermal barrier means comprises a plurality of layers of thermal insulation material.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB341271A GB1368073A (en) | 1971-01-28 | 1971-01-28 | Kiln cars |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3759661A true US3759661A (en) | 1973-09-18 |
Family
ID=9757855
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00219303A Expired - Lifetime US3759661A (en) | 1971-01-28 | 1972-01-20 | Kiln cars |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3759661A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS4828507A (de) |
AU (1) | AU471489B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR7200427D0 (de) |
DE (1) | DE2203360C3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES399247A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2124832A5 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1368073A (de) |
IT (1) | IT948943B (de) |
SE (1) | SE376299B (de) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3834865A (en) * | 1973-03-07 | 1974-09-10 | Lincoln Mfg Co | Dolly structure |
US4243385A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1981-01-06 | Resco Products, Inc. | End block |
US4300881A (en) * | 1980-02-01 | 1981-11-17 | Salviata Impianti S.P.A. | Truck or the like for conveying ceramic articles through a kiln |
US4330267A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-05-18 | American Standard Inc. | Kiln car |
US4348175A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-09-07 | American Standard Inc. | Kiln car |
US4560350A (en) * | 1984-03-29 | 1985-12-24 | Resco Products, Inc. | End block |
US4721459A (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-26 | Ferro Corporation | Modular, insulating kiln car top |
DE3821589A1 (de) * | 1987-06-27 | 1989-01-05 | Keller Ofenbau Gmbh | Ofenwagen fuer einen tunnelofen der keramischen industrie |
US5112223A (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-05-12 | Dal-Tile Corporation | Hollow load-bearing universal kiln car refractory modules |
US5529488A (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1996-06-25 | Norton Chemical Process Products Corp. | Kiln car |
WO2001050077A1 (de) * | 2000-01-05 | 2001-07-12 | Ceric Thermic Wistra Gmbh | Tragende struktur für brennöfen mit sehr hoher brenntemperatur |
USRE39551E1 (en) | 1995-05-09 | 2007-04-10 | Burlodge Limited | Food dispensing cycle and means |
US20100133220A1 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-03 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Shelf assembly for firing |
WO2012076319A1 (de) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-14 | Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Rödental GmbH | Keramische platte für brennwagenaufbauten und feuerfestzustellungen |
CN108285262A (zh) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-17 | 郑州旭飞光电科技有限公司 | 基板玻璃窑炉加料机定位装置 |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5290505U (de) * | 1975-12-27 | 1977-07-06 | ||
JPS52115656U (de) * | 1976-02-27 | 1977-09-02 | ||
GB1557962A (en) * | 1976-06-08 | 1979-12-19 | Acme Marls Ltd | Support structure for ceramic ware |
JPS53128949U (de) * | 1977-03-19 | 1978-10-13 | ||
JPS53157147U (de) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-12-09 | ||
IT7828986V0 (it) * | 1978-08-03 | 1978-08-03 | Poppi Studio Tec Ind | Carrello per forni a cottura rapida in particolare di prodotti di materiali ceramici quali piastrelle e simili |
DE3123896C2 (de) * | 1981-06-16 | 1985-12-12 | Adolf A. Fleischmann Inh. Werner Fleischmann, 6000 Frankfurt | Tunnelofenwagen |
DE3138638A1 (de) * | 1981-09-29 | 1983-07-28 | Norbert Dr. 5414 Vallendar Steuler | Brennhilfsmittelaufbau fuer das einlagige brennen keramischer formlinge (fliesen) |
JPS58111900U (ja) * | 1982-01-26 | 1983-07-30 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミツク焼成用台車 |
DE8306841U1 (de) * | 1983-03-09 | 1983-07-21 | Norton GmbH, 5047 Wesseling | Brennwagen mit regalaufbau aus feuerfestem keramikwerkstoff fuer die keramische industrie |
JPS6025900U (ja) * | 1983-07-28 | 1985-02-21 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミツク焼成棚用支柱 |
JPS60116199U (ja) * | 1983-12-02 | 1985-08-06 | 品川白煉瓦株式会社 | 窯業用焼成窯における断熱台車 |
JPS642150Y2 (de) * | 1984-11-29 | 1989-01-18 | ||
ATE60430T1 (de) * | 1986-06-10 | 1991-02-15 | British Ceramic Service Co | Oefen. |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE528651A (de) * | ||||
US1963846A (en) * | 1932-02-26 | 1934-06-19 | Gen Electric | Furnace |
GB433497A (en) * | 1934-07-14 | 1935-08-15 | Bernard Joseph Moore | Improvements in kiln trucks |
US3168299A (en) * | 1963-07-16 | 1965-02-02 | Boyd C Miller | Seal for tunnel kilns |
-
1971
- 1971-01-28 GB GB341271A patent/GB1368073A/en not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-01-20 US US00219303A patent/US3759661A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-01-21 AU AU38155/72A patent/AU471489B2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-01-25 FR FR7202342A patent/FR2124832A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-01-25 DE DE2203360A patent/DE2203360C3/de not_active Expired
- 1972-01-27 BR BR427/72A patent/BR7200427D0/pt unknown
- 1972-01-27 ES ES399247A patent/ES399247A1/es not_active Expired
- 1972-01-27 IT IT67236/72A patent/IT948943B/it active
- 1972-01-28 JP JP47009940A patent/JPS4828507A/ja active Pending
- 1972-01-28 SE SE7201009A patent/SE376299B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE528651A (de) * | ||||
US1963846A (en) * | 1932-02-26 | 1934-06-19 | Gen Electric | Furnace |
GB433497A (en) * | 1934-07-14 | 1935-08-15 | Bernard Joseph Moore | Improvements in kiln trucks |
US3168299A (en) * | 1963-07-16 | 1965-02-02 | Boyd C Miller | Seal for tunnel kilns |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3834865A (en) * | 1973-03-07 | 1974-09-10 | Lincoln Mfg Co | Dolly structure |
US4243385A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1981-01-06 | Resco Products, Inc. | End block |
US4300881A (en) * | 1980-02-01 | 1981-11-17 | Salviata Impianti S.P.A. | Truck or the like for conveying ceramic articles through a kiln |
US4330267A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-05-18 | American Standard Inc. | Kiln car |
US4348175A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-09-07 | American Standard Inc. | Kiln car |
US4560350A (en) * | 1984-03-29 | 1985-12-24 | Resco Products, Inc. | End block |
US4721459A (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-26 | Ferro Corporation | Modular, insulating kiln car top |
DE3821589A1 (de) * | 1987-06-27 | 1989-01-05 | Keller Ofenbau Gmbh | Ofenwagen fuer einen tunnelofen der keramischen industrie |
US5112223A (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-05-12 | Dal-Tile Corporation | Hollow load-bearing universal kiln car refractory modules |
USRE39551E1 (en) | 1995-05-09 | 2007-04-10 | Burlodge Limited | Food dispensing cycle and means |
US5529488A (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1996-06-25 | Norton Chemical Process Products Corp. | Kiln car |
WO2001050077A1 (de) * | 2000-01-05 | 2001-07-12 | Ceric Thermic Wistra Gmbh | Tragende struktur für brennöfen mit sehr hoher brenntemperatur |
US20100133220A1 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-03 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Shelf assembly for firing |
US8784098B2 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2014-07-22 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Shelf assembly for firing |
WO2012076319A1 (de) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-14 | Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Rödental GmbH | Keramische platte für brennwagenaufbauten und feuerfestzustellungen |
CN108285262A (zh) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-17 | 郑州旭飞光电科技有限公司 | 基板玻璃窑炉加料机定位装置 |
CN108285262B (zh) * | 2018-02-09 | 2020-11-03 | 郑州旭飞光电科技有限公司 | 基板玻璃窑炉加料机定位装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1368073A (en) | 1974-09-25 |
SE376299B (de) | 1975-05-12 |
AU3815572A (en) | 1973-07-26 |
DE2203360A1 (de) | 1972-08-17 |
FR2124832A5 (de) | 1972-09-22 |
JPS4828507A (de) | 1973-04-16 |
ES399247A1 (es) | 1975-06-01 |
IT948943B (it) | 1973-06-11 |
BR7200427D0 (pt) | 1973-05-24 |
DE2203360C3 (de) | 1975-01-30 |
DE2203360B2 (de) | 1974-06-12 |
AU471489B2 (en) | 1976-04-29 |
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Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: STEETLEY ENGINEERING LIMITED Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:GIBBONS BROTHERS, LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:003897/0808 Effective date: 19810713 |