US3755827A - Toilet - Google Patents

Toilet Download PDF

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Publication number
US3755827A
US3755827A US00231277A US3755827DA US3755827A US 3755827 A US3755827 A US 3755827A US 00231277 A US00231277 A US 00231277A US 3755827D A US3755827D A US 3755827DA US 3755827 A US3755827 A US 3755827A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
reservoir
treatment chamber
bowl
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00231277A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
R Riedel
A Lepore
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
THELFORD CORP
Original Assignee
THELFORD CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by THELFORD CORP filed Critical THELFORD CORP
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3755827A publication Critical patent/US3755827A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/016—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system with recirculation of bowl-cleaning fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/005—Black water originating from toilets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/001—Build in apparatus for autonomous on board water supply and wastewater treatment (e.g. for aircrafts, cruiseships, oil drilling platforms, railway trains, space stations)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
    • C02F2201/4615—Time
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4616—Power supply
    • C02F2201/4617—DC only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S4/00—Baths, closets, sinks, and spittoons
    • Y10S4/17—Electrolytic toilets

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [22] Filed: Mar. 2, 1972 [21] Appl. No: 231,277
  • a combined toilet and sewage treatment apparatus comprising a bowl provided with a drainage aperture; a primary treatment chamber providing a first electrolyte reservoir, a secondary treatment chamber providing a second electrolyte reservoir; means for circulating electrolyte between said second reservoir and said bowl to flush said bowl, the electrolyte during circulation passing from said bowl through said drainage aperture to said first reservoir and from said first reservoir to said second reservoir when its level in said first reservoir reaches a predetermined level; and a pair of electrodes positioned in each of said first and second reservoirs so that when current is supplied to said electrodes, electrolysis of sewage in the electrolyte in both said reservoirs occurs.
  • the present invention constitutes an improvement on the apparatus disclosed in said patent in that the apparatus of the present invention, as compared with the prior art apparatus of said patent, is capable of being used for a much longer period of time and for many more uses than was the prior art apparatus, these improvements having been achieved through a number of discoveries resulting from substantial experimentation, these discoveries leading to modifications including, among others which will be discussed hereinafter, the provision of separate primary and secondary treatment chambers and the provision of an ion permeable barrier which has been found to maintain liquid stored in the secondary treatment chamber in a much clearer condition than without it, the advantage of this being that it is this liquid which is re-circulated for flushing purposes with each use of the toilet.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are side and top views respectively of the preferred apparatus
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical, partly sectioned view taken along the lines 33 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a horizontal, partly sectioned view taken along the line 44 of FIG. ll;
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical, partly sectioned view taken along the line 55 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit which may be utilized to carry out a complete flushing and sewage treatment cycle of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus includes a combined casing and secondary treatment chamber I to which is hingedly secured a seat 2, both of which can be molded from a suitable plastic.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 there is located under the seat 2 a bowl 3 which may be formed from a suitable plastic material and to which is hingedly secured a trap door 4, shown in its closed position in FIG. 3, and which is manually operable between its open and its closed position by flush handle 5 connected to the trap door 4 by rod 6 which extends horizontally through a side of the casing I to the trap door 4.
  • the bowl may be designed to be readily removed from the casing ll.
  • a removable splash pain It also normally of a plastic material and in the bottom of which there is integrally molded a depending, inverted frustoconically shaped strainer Ill having a closed bottom end and being provided in its side wall with a plurality of vertically extending slots 12 each of which can be approximately one-eighth of an inch wide and each of which extends substantially the entire height of the side wall of the strainer.
  • a moisture proof light housing 13 within which is mounted an ultraviolet light source 14, the ultraviolet light source being helpful in breaking down and treating the sewage in the secondary treatment chamber and therefore requiring that it be located so as to direct ultraviolet rays into the secondary treatment chamber as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3
  • An electric motor 17, preferably of the moisture proof type, is mounted in a protected position just under the bowl 3 adjacent to the trap door 4, and with its drive shaft 18 directed vertically downward.
  • a form of impeller 19 which on rotation by the motor 17', functions as a macerator. During the flushing operation, this macerator breaks down the sewage particles to a size which is sufficiently small to pass through the slots 12 in the wall of the strainer 11.
  • a rectangular, box-shaped primary sewage treatment chamber 24 Located immediately below the strainer 111 so as to receive all of its discharged effluent, is a rectangular, box-shaped primary sewage treatment chamber 24 whose shape can best be seen in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5.
  • This primary treatment chamber 24 has an open top, a closed bottom, three side walls of equal height and a fourth side wall 25 of lesser height than the other three so that the overflow from the primary chamber 24 into the secondary treatment chamber 1 is mainly in only one direction as apparent from FIG. 3.
  • the primary treatment chamber 24 is provided at each of its ends with electrodes 27 and 28 of a rectangular plate shape and only slightly smaller in size than the ends of the primary treatment chamber.
  • the electrodes can be formed from a number of known materials. Suitable electrodes are available from the National Graphite Company in Welland, Ontario, as grade number AT-SR.
  • Electrode 30 Located within the secondary chamber 1 are a pair of electrodes 30' and 3H which may be formed of the same material as those above. Electrode 30, which will normally be the positive electrode, substantially fills the portion of the bottom of the secondary treatment chamber 11. not occupied by the primary treatment chamber, this electrode 30 being of a rectangular plate shape and slightly spaced from the bottom of the treatment chamber as well as from its sides, and side wall 25 of the primary treatment chamber 24.
  • the other electrode 31, which will normally be the negative electrode, is also of a rectangular plate shape but is located in an upright position as best shown in FIGS.
  • the ion permeable barrier 33 may be formed from among others a material such as styrofoam, a plastic membrane, a non-glazed ceramic material, asbestos cloth or parchment paper. Its presence has been found to maintain the liquid being treated in the secondary treatment chamber clearer than would otherwise be the case without such a barrier and the resultant electrodialysis which occurs instead of the normal electrolytic action which occurs without such a barrier.
  • a flushing mechanism which includes a flush pump 40 driven by a flush pump motor 41, the flush pump being arranged as shown and so as to be capable of circulating liquid from the secondary treatment chamber up through intake pipe 42 and out of an aperture 43 in the side wall of the bowl 3 as best shown in FIG. 3 following which it flows from the bowl, through the strainer 11, into the primary treatment chamber 25 and eventually back to the secondary treatment chamber 1.
  • both chambers are charged with an aqueous NaCl (sodium chloride) electrolyte in an amount of 3 lbs. of the salt to 3 gals of water.
  • NaCl sodium chloride
  • an electrical push button 50 on the end of the handle is depressed and the handle moved to manually open the trap door 4.
  • the depressed push button switch completes a circuit from the negative line of a 12 V D.C. supply to a relay coil 51 causing it to be energized.
  • the switch 50 is released, this de-enerigzes the relay coil opening the circuit to the pump motor 41 and macerator motor 17 and permits the relay switch to return to its normal position as shown, completing the circuit to the electrodes and ultraviolet light.
  • This circuit is normally timed, in this embodiment by a manually normally operable timer 54 although the circuit can be arranged so that the timer is automatically turned on when the push button switch 50 is released.
  • the timer 54 is set for the required time, normally one-half an hour.
  • the current then flows through the normally closed relay contacts to the electrodes an ultraviolet light source. If the toilet is flushed at any time when the processing cycle is in operation the push button switch energizes the relay, opening the electrode and light circuit, and closing the pump and macerator circuit.
  • the reason for switching from one circuit to the other is to limit the amount of current required at any one time. This feature, while optional does permit the use of a lower capacity power supply than would otherwise be required.
  • an exhaust fan (not shown) will be arranged so as to draw air through the secondary treatment chamber 1, the air entering the chamber through an air inlet 68 located in one side wall of the chamber and being exhausted from this chamber through the exit 69 in the opposite side wall of the treatment chamber 1 as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the apparatus as described above is capable of functioning with its parts arranged otherwise than as described.
  • the bowl and optionally the splash pan could be located at a position remote from the treatment chambers and interconnected with them through a duct for the effluent and a feed pipe for the flushing liquid.
  • the flush pump could be located in a position outside of the treatment chamber and could be combined with an arrangement permitting the flushing out of the treatment chambers to remove the collected sediment wihtout having to completely disassemble the apparatus. Appropriate drains could be provided for this purpose.
  • the ion permeable barrier when used, could be located in other positions, it being necessary only that it be so located as to function as a barrier to the flow of visible electrolyte born particles between the electrodes 30 and 31.
  • the barrier if the barrier is not used, which is possible, the flushing electrolyte will be relatively dirty looking.
  • the splash pan, macerator and UV light source can be omitted but only with a significant loss in the efficiency of the unit.
  • a combined toilet and sewage treatment apparatus comprising a bowl provided with a drainage aperture; a primary treatment chamber providing a first electrolyte reservoir, a secondary treatment chamber providing a second electrolyte reservoir; means for circulating electrolyte between said second reservoir and said bowl to flush said bowl, the electrolyte during circulation passing from said bowl through said drainage aperture to said first reservoir and from said first reservoir to said second reservoir when its level in said first reservoir reaches a predetermined level; and a pair of electrodes positioned in each of said first and second reservoirs so that when current is supplied to said electrodes, electrolysis of sewqge in the electrolyte in both said reservoirs occurs.
  • the apparatus of claim 1 further including means for evaporating fluid from the electrolytes and discharging the evaporated fluid to the exterior of the apparatus.
  • an ion permeable barrier is provided in said seond treatment chamher, said barrier being positioned between the two electrodes in said chamber and providing two discrete chambers between which ions can pass but which prevents the passage of visible electrolyte born paritcles, said ion permeable barrier extending to a height which is at least above the normal level of electrolyte in said second treatment chamber.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)
US00231277A 1971-12-31 1972-03-02 Toilet Expired - Lifetime US3755827A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA131,514,A CA951455A (en) 1971-12-31 1971-12-31 Toilet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3755827A true US3755827A (en) 1973-09-04

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ID=4091940

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00231277A Expired - Lifetime US3755827A (en) 1971-12-31 1972-03-02 Toilet

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3755827A (fr)
JP (1) JPS4874047A (fr)
BE (1) BE790886A (fr)
CA (1) CA951455A (fr)
DE (1) DE2262593A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2166955A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1349108A (fr)
IT (1) IT973810B (fr)
LU (1) LU66779A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL7215401A (fr)
SE (1) SE380561B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA727806B (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3856642A (en) * 1973-06-21 1974-12-24 Diamond Shamrock Corp Method for electrosanitizing waste water
US3926771A (en) * 1973-06-21 1975-12-16 Diamond Shamrock Corp Apparatus for electrosanitizing waste water
US3926379A (en) * 1973-10-04 1975-12-16 Dryden Corp Syringe disintegrator
US3939499A (en) * 1972-09-05 1976-02-24 Monogram Industries, Inc. Recirculating electrolytic toilet
US4013557A (en) * 1975-06-06 1977-03-22 Sloan Valve Company Sewage treatment apparatus
US4164047A (en) * 1976-07-16 1979-08-14 Laszlo F. Arato Multipurpose gymnasium
US4271540A (en) * 1979-04-26 1981-06-09 Clifton Ronald M Sewage system with comminutor
US4769131A (en) * 1986-05-09 1988-09-06 Pure Water Technologies Ultraviolet radiation purification system
FR2809420A1 (fr) * 2000-05-24 2001-11-30 Electricite De France Procede et dispositif pour la degradation de composes organiques en solution aqueuse par photolyse vuv de l'eau et production electrochimique de dioxygene
US20120204337A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2012-08-16 Liberty Pumps Inc. Macerating apparatus and method
ITRM20110497A1 (it) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-23 Gastone Vitali Sanitari a basso consumo di acqua
US20130298324A1 (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Peter A. Dreher Waterless Toilet System with Fece-Urine Separation, Odor and Vermin Seal, Thermal and Biological Disinfection, and Gas Ozonation
US20150013054A1 (en) * 2013-07-15 2015-01-15 Walter Ho Method and apparatus for smart toilet minimizing water usage
CN105297852A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2016-02-03 江苏海事职业技术学院 一种家用盥洗水冲洗马桶的节水装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4087869A (en) * 1974-12-11 1978-05-09 Billsund Enok Gerhard Toilet in which solid wastes are collected and decomposed
GB2223770A (en) * 1988-08-08 1990-04-18 Barbara Chrystyna Klempa Toilet waste disposal system
US7900288B2 (en) * 2007-06-01 2011-03-08 Liquidbreaker, Llc Drain cartridge having removable valved system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3523891A (en) * 1969-02-19 1970-08-11 Purity Control Inc Electrolytic sewage treatment system and process
US3535513A (en) * 1967-02-16 1970-10-20 Salvatore Cirami Germicidal lamp appliance for sterilizing the water in aquariums or swimming pools
US3568215A (en) * 1968-02-02 1971-03-09 William E Browning Toilet and sewage treatment apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3535513A (en) * 1967-02-16 1970-10-20 Salvatore Cirami Germicidal lamp appliance for sterilizing the water in aquariums or swimming pools
US3568215A (en) * 1968-02-02 1971-03-09 William E Browning Toilet and sewage treatment apparatus
US3523891A (en) * 1969-02-19 1970-08-11 Purity Control Inc Electrolytic sewage treatment system and process

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3939499A (en) * 1972-09-05 1976-02-24 Monogram Industries, Inc. Recirculating electrolytic toilet
US3856642A (en) * 1973-06-21 1974-12-24 Diamond Shamrock Corp Method for electrosanitizing waste water
US3926771A (en) * 1973-06-21 1975-12-16 Diamond Shamrock Corp Apparatus for electrosanitizing waste water
US3926379A (en) * 1973-10-04 1975-12-16 Dryden Corp Syringe disintegrator
US4013557A (en) * 1975-06-06 1977-03-22 Sloan Valve Company Sewage treatment apparatus
US4164047A (en) * 1976-07-16 1979-08-14 Laszlo F. Arato Multipurpose gymnasium
US4271540A (en) * 1979-04-26 1981-06-09 Clifton Ronald M Sewage system with comminutor
US4769131A (en) * 1986-05-09 1988-09-06 Pure Water Technologies Ultraviolet radiation purification system
FR2809420A1 (fr) * 2000-05-24 2001-11-30 Electricite De France Procede et dispositif pour la degradation de composes organiques en solution aqueuse par photolyse vuv de l'eau et production electrochimique de dioxygene
EP1160203A1 (fr) * 2000-05-24 2001-12-05 Electricite De France Procédé et dispositif pour la dégradation de composés organiques en solution aqueuse par photolyse vuv de l'eau et production électrochimique de dioxigène
US20120204337A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2012-08-16 Liberty Pumps Inc. Macerating apparatus and method
US8769730B2 (en) * 2011-02-15 2014-07-08 Liberty Pumps, Inc. Macerating apparatus and method
ITRM20110497A1 (it) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-23 Gastone Vitali Sanitari a basso consumo di acqua
US20130298324A1 (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Peter A. Dreher Waterless Toilet System with Fece-Urine Separation, Odor and Vermin Seal, Thermal and Biological Disinfection, and Gas Ozonation
US20150013054A1 (en) * 2013-07-15 2015-01-15 Walter Ho Method and apparatus for smart toilet minimizing water usage
CN105297852A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2016-02-03 江苏海事职业技术学院 一种家用盥洗水冲洗马桶的节水装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA727806B (en) 1973-07-25
NL7215401A (fr) 1973-07-03
IT973810B (it) 1974-06-10
FR2166955A5 (fr) 1973-08-17
JPS4874047A (fr) 1973-10-05
GB1349108A (en) 1974-03-27
CA951455A (en) 1974-07-23
AU4924272A (en) 1974-05-23
BE790886A (fr) 1973-03-01
SE380561B (sv) 1975-11-10
DE2262593A1 (de) 1973-07-05
LU66779A1 (fr) 1973-04-19

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