US3665743A - Measuring and control apparatus - Google Patents

Measuring and control apparatus Download PDF

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US3665743A
US3665743A US859342A US3665743DA US3665743A US 3665743 A US3665743 A US 3665743A US 859342 A US859342 A US 859342A US 3665743D A US3665743D A US 3665743DA US 3665743 A US3665743 A US 3665743A
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strip
measuring head
strip material
working
measuring
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US859342A
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Josef Frohling
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Josef Frohling GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
    • G01N3/42—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
    • B21B37/165—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions responsive mainly to the measured thickness of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
    • B21B38/04—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions of the product
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
    • G01B7/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance
    • G01B7/107—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance for measuring objects while moving
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B1/30—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a non-continuous process
    • B21B1/32—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a non-continuous process in reversing single stand mills, e.g. with intermediate storage reels for accumulating work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B31/00—Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
    • B21B31/16—Adjusting or positioning rolls
    • B21B31/20—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis
    • B21B31/22—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis mechanically, e.g. by thrust blocks, inserts for removal
    • B21B31/26—Adjusting eccentrically-mounted roll bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [52] 11.8. CI. ..72/11, 72/16, 324/34 TK;
  • Strip metal in f example a 33/ M3 L rolling mill apparatus is provided ahead of the press to derive 1 Int. a ignal in de endence on the thickness and hardness of [he 0 Search ..72/18, 8, 9, 12, 16, l trip this being used to control the rolling
  • the ap- 4 143 L paratus comprises two measuring heads which bear on the two sides of the strip with pressures sufiicient to deform the [56] References Cited material of the strip.
  • Such apparatus may, for example, comprise two sensing rollers between which the moving strip is passed, the rollers being kept in constant contact with the top and bottom of the strip. Fluctuations in the thickness of the material passing through then result in corresponding fluctuations in the spacing between the rollers. These spacing fluctuations may be converted into control pulses, for example by electromagnetic means, by using light rays and photo-electric cells, or by using 'y-rays and the like; the control pulses then act through appropriate control members, for example, to adjust the relative positions of the work rolls in a rolling mill in which the strip material is undergoing a rolling process.
  • the control applied to the machine no longer corresponds exactly to the required correction of the process. But even if the measuring means precedes the processing machine so that the control pulses are derived before processing takes place, the control process initiated by the pulses nevertheless takes place, the control process initiated by the pulses nevertheless take place too late, particularly if a number of cumbersomely operating machine parts have to be moved in order to put the control into effect.
  • Another drawback of known measuring and control apparatus is that it only enables the thickness of the material passing through to be measured and not the hardness thereof. This defect is felt particularly if the measuring and control apparatus has to be operated in conjunction with a rolling mill, for if the material is to be rolled to a uniform thickness, the roll pressure must be regulated in dependence on both the thickness and the hardness of the material to be rolled. Previous measuring apparatus has consequently proved a failure in connection with the control of rolling mills.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a measuring and control apparatus which will respond both to fluctuations in thickness and fluctuations in hardness of a strip material. Another object is to provide such apparatus for controlling a rolling mill, in dependence on both the thickness and the hardness of the material being processed.
  • the subject matter of the invention is accordingly a measuring and control apparatus, the measuring pulses of which actuate a control member, located in a processing machine behind it for material passing through to be processed, to control the operation of the said machine.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized by two opposed measuring heads engaging the top and bottom of the material passing through to be processed, the heads being movable substantially perpendicularly to the direction in which the material is advanced and pressing against the material with a constant pressure sufficient to deform the latter.
  • FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates, by way of example, a preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, combined in this special case with a rolling mill for strips of metal,
  • FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings illustrates, also by way of example, a further embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 of the accompanying drawings illustrates a perspective view of a measuring head roller according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 of the accompanying drawings illustrates schemati- Y DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • the metal strip 1 to be rolled approaches the measuring apparatus C from the left, moves between the two measuring heads 2 and 2a in the direction of the arrow and then passes through the rolling mill R which follows.
  • the measuring heads 2, 2a are connected to bars 3 and 3a, the outer ends of which carry pistons 5 and 5a movable within hydraulic cylinders 4 and 4a.
  • the hydraulic pressure in the cylinders 4, 4a, exerted on the metal strip 1 by way of the bars 3, 3a and influence 2, 2a is adjustable and has to be kept constant during the measuring and control process.
  • the pressure exerted on the metal strip 1 need not be generated by hydraulic means and may be produced in any other suitable way.
  • the essential factor is that the pressure should be large enough to deform the metal strip 1. If this requirement is met, the distance between the two measuring heads 2, 20 will vary according to the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the metal strip 1 passing through.
  • the pressure is preferably adjusted in such a way that the metal strip 1 is deformed within its elastic range. It will be apparent that changes in thickness and hardness characteristics of the strip 1 influence the ability of the strip to impart a reactive force, i.e., counterpressure, against compressing agents, such as the measuring heads 6, 6a and the mill rolls 18. Since the heads 6, 6a are urged in the previously described manner to deform the strip, they will be movable in responsive to a change in such counterpressure.
  • a reactive force i.e., counterpressure
  • the measuring heads 2, 2a may be in any desired form, although it is preferable for them to comprise rollers 6, 6a to engage the metal strip 1. It is an advantage for the rollers 6, 6a to have a cambered surface, that is to have a somewhat larger diameter in the center than at the edges as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the movements of the measuring heads 2, 2a resulting from the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the metal strip 1 are transmitted to the bars 3, 3a.
  • the bars 3, 3a are made of magnetic material and surrounded by induction coils 7, 7a, in which the movement of the bars 3, 3a induces a current, the fluctuations of which correspond to the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the metal strip 1.
  • These current fluctuations are, therefore, suitable pulses to control the operation of the rolling mill which follows.
  • the two induction coils 7, 7a are interconnected in such a way that the induced currents are added if the measuring heads 2, 2a move in opposite directions, but are differenced, and hence substantially cancel one another, if the heads 2, 2a move in the same direction.
  • the effect of interconnecting the two coils 7, 7a as mentioned above is to prevent such movements of the metal strip 1 from giving rise to any undesired control pulses.
  • the control pulses induced in the coils 7 and 7a and corresponding to the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the metal strip 1 are supplied over a lead 8 to an electrical amplifier 9.
  • Amplified pulses are supplied by the amplifier 9 over a lead 10 to control a hydraulic valve 11.
  • This converts the electrical pulses into fluctuations in pressure, which are transmitted by pipes 12, 12a to hydraulic cylinders 13, 13a and pistons 14, 14a.
  • a rack 15 connected to the pistons 14, 14a is thereby displaced, the displacement being transferred by a gear rim to a cam 16.
  • the cam 16 controls the pressure with which a backing roll 17 of the rolling mill following the measuring and control apparatus presses onto the work roll 18 and the work roll onto the metal strip 1.
  • induction coil arrangement to convert the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the material passing through into measuring and control pulses is preferred, although not essential.
  • the fluctuations may also be converted by means of light rays and photoelectric cells or with the aid of 'y-rays.
  • control pulses to act on a hydraulic system. They could, for example, be converted into mechanical movements to control any desired system.
  • the hydraulic arrangement here described is, however, specially preferred, particularly in combination with a rolling mill, as the roll pressure is controlled by the pulse without any substantial movement of mechanical parts, such as the setting of levers, the engagement and disengagement of clutches, the starting of control motors and the like, and the system, therefore, operates with so little inertia that the roll pressure is always controlled by the pulse at the correct time.
  • the distance between the measuring heads 2, 2a and the control member located in the processing machine which follows is selected so that the time between the derivation of the measuring pulse and the controlling of the processing machine is adapted to the speed at which the material passes through.
  • a time delay or relay may preferably be provided to compensate for fluctuations and variations in the speed of the moving material.
  • the apparatus should have two measuring heads on each side of the machine controlled, as shown in the left-hand measuring apparatus C and the right-hand measuring apparatus C in FIG. 4 and the pulses should in each case be derived by the two measuring heads located before the point of entry of the material into the machine.
  • FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings shows such a plant, in which the material B to be processed, emerging from the chiller A cast but with an irregular surface, passes through the advancing and planishing mill D controlled by the apparatus C according to the invention and through a milling machine E, and is then rolled up or fed to a finishing plant F.
  • the apparatus according to the invention makes it possible for the first time to measure not only the thickness but also the hardness of the material passing through and to utilize the measuring impulses obtained to control the operation of a processing machine which follows, particularly a rolling mill. lt is, therefore, now possible to produce rolled material of truly uniform thickness, which represents a considerable technical advance provided by the invention.
  • a measuring and working apparatus for moving strip material comprising:
  • an adjusting means operatively connected to said strip working means to adjust the latter in accordance with strip characteristics
  • measuring head assembly positioned upstream of said strip working means for regulating the adjustment of said strip working means in response to fluctuations in the thickness and hardness characteristics of the strip material, said measuring head assembly comprising:
  • a pair of oppositely positioned measuring head means mounted to engage opposite surfaces of said strip material
  • said measuring head means being mounted for displacement in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of movement of said strip material
  • pressure means for urging the measuring head means into engagement with said strip material with a force of a magnitude adequate to cause sufficient deformation of said strip material for sensing both thickness and hardness characteristics of said strip material;
  • said urged measuring head means being movable in response to a change in counterpressure exerted by said strip material resulting from sensed thickness and hardness characteristics thereof;
  • control means operatively associated with said measuring head means and said adjusting means for operating said adjusting means in response to said displacement of said pressured measuring head means due to changes in said counterpressure produced by thickness fluctuations and hardness fluctuations of said strip material sensed by said measuring head means.
  • each measuring head means includes a freely rotatable roller bearing against said strip material.
  • control means comprises:
  • each measuring head means a bar of magnetic material connected to each measuring head means for transmitting said displacement of. each measuring head means;
  • said bars being operable to induce a current in a respective one of said coils during movement of said bars therethrough;
  • the induction coils being interconnected for causing a subtraction of currents induced therein by movement of the bars in the same direction and an addition of currents induced therein by movement of the bars in opposite directions.
  • control means is operatively connected to said measuring head means and said adjusting means such that the time between the, sensing of thickness and hardness fluctuations and the operation of said adjusting means is correlated to the speed of said strip material.
  • control means includestime delay means to compensate for fluctuations in the speed of the strip material.
  • said rolling mill includes at least one work roll
  • said adjusting means includes:
  • a backing roller engaging said work roll, said backing roller being mounted by an eccentric bearing having a toothed gear thereon;
  • toothed rack connected between a pair of hydraulic cylinders and drivingly engaging said toothed gear
  • a valve connected between said control means and said hydraulic cylinders to direct fluid to one of said cylinders under the influence of said control means, to cause adjustment of said work roll.
  • said rolling mill includes a pair of oppositely spaced work rolls, and further wherein said adjusting means includes hydraulically operated backing means engaging each of said work rolls.
  • a method of measuring and working strip material comprising the steps of:
  • measuring head means causing said measuring head means to be displaceable in response to a change in counterpressure exerted by said strip material resulting from sensed thickness and hardness fluctuations;

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Abstract

For controlling the processing of strip metal in for example a rolling mill, apparatus is provided ahead of the press to derive a signal in dependence on the thickness and hardness of the strip, this signal being used to control the rolling mill. The apparatus comprises two measuring heads which bear on the two sides of the strip with pressures sufficient to deform the material of the strip.

Description

I United States Patent 1 3,665,743 F rohling May 30, 1972 54] MEASURING AND CONTROL 3,526,114 9/ 970 Wistreich ..72/9 APPARATUS 3,194,036 7/1965 Canfor et a1. ..72/11 3,368,381 2/1968 Frohling eta1.. ....72/ 245 X [72] Inventor: Josef Frohling, Konigshergerstrasse, Olpe, 1,814,354 7/1931 Webster et al.. ..72/ 16 Germany 2,275,509 3/ 1 942 Dahlstrom ..72/9 3,140,545 7/1964 Murt1and,'Jr.... .33/1431, X [22] 1969 3,162,069 12/1964 McLay et a1 ....72/205 x 21 Appl. No.: 859,342
Primary Examiner-Milton S. Mehr Attomey-Bums, Doane, Swecker & Mathis [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Sept. 23, 1969 Germany ..P 17 98 305.0
[57] ABSTRACT [52] 11.8. CI. ..72/11, 72/16, 324/34 TK; For controlling the processing f Strip metal in f example a 33/ M3 L rolling mill, apparatus is provided ahead of the press to derive 1 Int. a ignal in de endence on the thickness and hardness of [he 0 Search ..72/18, 8, 9, 12, 16, l trip this being used to control the rolling The ap- 4 143 L paratus comprises two measuring heads which bear on the two sides of the strip with pressures sufiicient to deform the [56] References Cited material of the strip.
UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,969,536 8/1934 Winne ..72/16 14 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures Patented May 30-, 1972 3,665,743
3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented May 30-, 1972 3 Sheds-Sheet z Patented May 30-, 1972 3,665,743
3 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. 4
ATTORNEYS MEASURING AND CONTROL APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Apparatus for measuring the thickness of a moving strip is known. Such apparatus may, for example, comprise two sensing rollers between which the moving strip is passed, the rollers being kept in constant contact with the top and bottom of the strip. Fluctuations in the thickness of the material passing through then result in corresponding fluctuations in the spacing between the rollers. These spacing fluctuations may be converted into control pulses, for example by electromagnetic means, by using light rays and photo-electric cells, or by using 'y-rays and the like; the control pulses then act through appropriate control members, for example, to adjust the relative positions of the work rolls in a rolling mill in which the strip material is undergoing a rolling process.
If such measuring means follow the rolling mill or other processing machine, the control applied to the machine no longer corresponds exactly to the required correction of the process. But even if the measuring means precedes the processing machine so that the control pulses are derived before processing takes place, the control process initiated by the pulses nevertheless takes place, the control process initiated by the pulses nevertheless take place too late, particularly if a number of cumbersomely operating machine parts have to be moved in order to put the control into effect.
Another drawback of known measuring and control apparatus is that it only enables the thickness of the material passing through to be measured and not the hardness thereof. This defect is felt particularly if the measuring and control apparatus has to be operated in conjunction with a rolling mill, for if the material is to be rolled to a uniform thickness, the roll pressure must be regulated in dependence on both the thickness and the hardness of the material to be rolled. Previous measuring apparatus has consequently proved a failure in connection with the control of rolling mills.
One object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide a measuring and control apparatus which will respond both to fluctuations in thickness and fluctuations in hardness of a strip material. Another object is to provide such apparatus for controlling a rolling mill, in dependence on both the thickness and the hardness of the material being processed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The subject matter of the invention is accordingly a measuring and control apparatus, the measuring pulses of which actuate a control member, located in a processing machine behind it for material passing through to be processed, to control the operation of the said machine. The apparatus according to the invention is characterized by two opposed measuring heads engaging the top and bottom of the material passing through to be processed, the heads being movable substantially perpendicularly to the direction in which the material is advanced and pressing against the material with a constant pressure sufficient to deform the latter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates, by way of example, a preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, combined in this special case with a rolling mill for strips of metal,
FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings illustrates, also by way of example, a further embodiment.
FIG. 3 of the accompanying drawings illustrates a perspective view of a measuring head roller according to the invention.
FIG. 4 of the accompanying drawings illustrates schemati- Y DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The metal strip 1 to be rolled approaches the measuring apparatus C from the left, moves between the two measuring heads 2 and 2a in the direction of the arrow and then passes through the rolling mill R which follows. The measuring heads 2, 2a are connected to bars 3 and 3a, the outer ends of which carry pistons 5 and 5a movable within hydraulic cylinders 4 and 4a. The hydraulic pressure in the cylinders 4, 4a, exerted on the metal strip 1 by way of the bars 3, 3a and influence 2, 2a, is adjustable and has to be kept constant during the measuring and control process. The pressure exerted on the metal strip 1 need not be generated by hydraulic means and may be produced in any other suitable way. The essential factor is that the pressure should be large enough to deform the metal strip 1. If this requirement is met, the distance between the two measuring heads 2, 20 will vary according to the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the metal strip 1 passing through. The pressure is preferably adjusted in such a way that the metal strip 1 is deformed within its elastic range. It will be apparent that changes in thickness and hardness characteristics of the strip 1 influence the ability of the strip to impart a reactive force, i.e., counterpressure, against compressing agents, such as the measuring heads 6, 6a and the mill rolls 18. Since the heads 6, 6a are urged in the previously described manner to deform the strip, they will be movable in responsive to a change in such counterpressure.
The measuring heads 2, 2a may be in any desired form, although it is preferable for them to comprise rollers 6, 6a to engage the metal strip 1. It is an advantage for the rollers 6, 6a to have a cambered surface, that is to have a somewhat larger diameter in the center than at the edges as shown in FIG. 3.
The movements of the measuring heads 2, 2a resulting from the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the metal strip 1 are transmitted to the bars 3, 3a. The bars 3, 3a are made of magnetic material and surrounded by induction coils 7, 7a, in which the movement of the bars 3, 3a induces a current, the fluctuations of which correspond to the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the metal strip 1. These current fluctuations are, therefore, suitable pulses to control the operation of the rolling mill which follows.
The two induction coils 7, 7a are interconnected in such a way that the induced currents are added if the measuring heads 2, 2a move in opposite directions, but are differenced, and hence substantially cancel one another, if the heads 2, 2a move in the same direction. As the metal strip 1 moves from left to right (in FIG. 1), it is not always possible to prevent it from making certain upward or downward movements, which the measuring heads 2, 2a then follow. The effect of interconnecting the two coils 7, 7a as mentioned above is to prevent such movements of the metal strip 1 from giving rise to any undesired control pulses.
The control pulses induced in the coils 7 and 7a and corresponding to the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the metal strip 1 are supplied over a lead 8 to an electrical amplifier 9. Amplified pulses are supplied by the amplifier 9 over a lead 10 to control a hydraulic valve 11. This converts the electrical pulses into fluctuations in pressure, which are transmitted by pipes 12, 12a to hydraulic cylinders 13, 13a and pistons 14, 14a. A rack 15 connected to the pistons 14, 14a is thereby displaced, the displacement being transferred by a gear rim to a cam 16. The cam 16 controls the pressure with which a backing roll 17 of the rolling mill following the measuring and control apparatus presses onto the work roll 18 and the work roll onto the metal strip 1.
The use of an induction coil arrangement to convert the fluctuations in the thickness and hardness of the material passing through into measuring and control pulses is preferred, although not essential. The fluctuations may also be converted by means of light rays and photoelectric cells or with the aid of 'y-rays. Nor is it essential for the control pulses to act on a hydraulic system. They could, for example, be converted into mechanical movements to control any desired system. The hydraulic arrangement here described is, however, specially preferred, particularly in combination with a rolling mill, as the roll pressure is controlled by the pulse without any substantial movement of mechanical parts, such as the setting of levers, the engagement and disengagement of clutches, the starting of control motors and the like, and the system, therefore, operates with so little inertia that the roll pressure is always controlled by the pulse at the correct time.
The distance between the measuring heads 2, 2a and the control member located in the processing machine which follows is selected so that the time between the derivation of the measuring pulse and the controlling of the processing machine is adapted to the speed at which the material passes through. A time delay or relay may preferably be provided to compensate for fluctuations and variations in the speed of the moving material. I
If reversing machines, such as reversing rolling mills, are to be controlled by the apparatus according to the invention, the apparatus should have two measuring heads on each side of the machine controlled, as shown in the left-hand measuring apparatus C and the right-hand measuring apparatus C in FIG. 4 and the pulses should in each case be derived by the two measuring heads located before the point of entry of the material into the machine.
It is particularly advantageous to combine the control member of the apparatus according to the invention with the member regulating the roll pressure or roll gap of the rolling mill of a combined casting, rolling, milling and finishing plant. FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings shows such a plant, in which the material B to be processed, emerging from the chiller A cast but with an irregular surface, passes through the advancing and planishing mill D controlled by the apparatus C according to the invention and through a milling machine E, and is then rolled up or fed to a finishing plant F.
The apparatus according to the invention makes it possible for the first time to measure not only the thickness but also the hardness of the material passing through and to utilize the measuring impulses obtained to control the operation of a processing machine which follows, particularly a rolling mill. lt is, therefore, now possible to produce rolled material of truly uniform thickness, which represents a considerable technical advance provided by the invention.
1 claim:
1. A measuring and working apparatus for moving strip material comprising:
a strip working means for working said strip material;
an adjusting means operatively connected to said strip working means to adjust the latter in accordance with strip characteristics;
a measuring head assembly positioned upstream of said strip working means for regulating the adjustment of said strip working means in response to fluctuations in the thickness and hardness characteristics of the strip material, said measuring head assembly comprising:
a pair of oppositely positioned measuring head means mounted to engage opposite surfaces of said strip material;
said measuring head means being mounted for displacement in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of movement of said strip material;
pressure means for urging the measuring head means into engagement with said strip material with a force of a magnitude adequate to cause sufficient deformation of said strip material for sensing both thickness and hardness characteristics of said strip material;
said urged measuring head means being movable in response to a change in counterpressure exerted by said strip material resulting from sensed thickness and hardness characteristics thereof; and
control means operatively associated with said measuring head means and said adjusting means for operating said adjusting means in response to said displacement of said pressured measuring head means due to changes in said counterpressure produced by thickness fluctuations and hardness fluctuations of said strip material sensed by said measuring head means.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the force exerted by said pressure means causes a deformation of said strip material within its elastic limit.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said pressure means includes hydraulically operated means.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein each measuring head means includes a freely rotatable roller bearing against said strip material.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the surfaces of said rollers are cambered.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said control means comprises:
a bar of magnetic material connected to each measuring head means for transmitting said displacement of. each measuring head means;
an induction coil surrounding each bar;
said bars being operable to induce a current in a respective one of said coils during movement of said bars therethrough;
the induction coils being interconnected for causing a subtraction of currents induced therein by movement of the bars in the same direction and an addition of currents induced therein by movement of the bars in opposite directions.
7. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control means is operatively connected to said measuring head means and said adjusting means such that the time between the, sensing of thickness and hardness fluctuations and the operation of said adjusting means is correlated to the speed of said strip material.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 and further wherein said control means includestime delay means to compensate for fluctuations in the speed of the strip material.
9. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said strip working apparatus is reversible, and further wherein a measuring head assembly is positioned on each side of said strip working means.
10. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said strip working means comprises a rolling mill.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said rolling mill includes at least one work roll;
and further wherein said adjusting means includes:
a backing roller engaging said work roll, said backing roller being mounted by an eccentric bearing having a toothed gear thereon;
a toothed rack connected between a pair of hydraulic cylinders and drivingly engaging said toothed gear; and
a valve connected between said control means and said hydraulic cylinders to direct fluid to one of said cylinders under the influence of said control means, to cause adjustment of said work roll.
12. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said rolling mill includes a pair of oppositely spaced work rolls, and further wherein said adjusting means includes hydraulically operated backing means engaging each of said work rolls.
13. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said rolling mill comprises part of a casting, rolling, milling, and finishing apparatus.
14. A method of measuring and working strip material comprising the steps of:
passing said strip material between a pair of oppositely positioned, displaceable measuring head means;
pressing each of said measuring head means against said sheet material with a force of .a magnitude adequate to cause sufiicient deformation of said strip material for sensing both thickness and hardness characteristics of said strip material;
causing said measuring head means to be displaceable in response to a change in counterpressure exerted by said strip material resulting from sensed thickness and hardness fluctuations;
detecting displacement of said measuring head means resulting from changes in said counterpressurc produced by thickness fluctuations and hardness fluctuations in said strip material; and
causing said detected displacement to operate an adjusting 5 means of a strip-working means positioned downstream of said measuring heads to adjust said strip-working means.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3.665.743 'D t d May 30; 1972 Inventor(s) JOSEF FROHLING It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
On the title page of the patent, Item [30] the Foreign Application Priority Data should read as follows:
Signed and sealed this 6th day of February 1973.
(SEAL) Attost:
EDWARD M. FLTE'I'CIIIZR 'J R ROBERT GOTTSCHALK Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents FORM PO-IOSO (10-69) USCOMM DC 60376 P69 w u.s. covzmmzm PRINTING OFFICE: I969 o-36s-334

Claims (14)

1. A measuring and working apparatus for moving strip material comprising: a strip working means for working said strip material; an adjusting means operatively connected to said strip working means to adjust the latter in accordance with strip characteristics; a measuring head assembly positioned upstream of said strip working means for regulating the adjustment of said strip working means in response to fluctuations in the thickness and hardness characteristics of the strip material, said measuring head assembly comprising: a pair of oppositely positioned measuring head means mounted to engage opposite surfaces of said strip material; said measuring head means being mounted for displacement in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of movement of said strip material; pressure means for urging the measuring head means into engagement with said strip material with a force of a magnitude adequate to cause sufficient deformation of said strip material for sensing both thickness and hardness characteristics of said strip material; said urged measuring head means being movable in response to a change in counterpressure exerted by said strip material resulting from sensed thickness and hardness characteristics thereof; and control means operatively associated with said measuring head means and said adjusting means for operating said adjusting means in response to said displacement of said pressured measuring head means due to changes in said counterpressure produced by thickness fluctuations and hardness fluctuations of said strip material sensed by said measuring head means.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the force exerted by said pressure means causes a deformation of said strip material within its elastic limit.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said pressure means includes hydraulically operated means.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein each measuring head means includes a freely rotatable roller bearing against said strip material.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the surfaces of said rollers are cambered.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said control means comprises: a bar of magnetic material connected to each measuring head means for transmitting said displacement of each measuring head means; an induction coil surrounding each bar; said bars being operable to induce a current in a respective one of said coils during movement of said bars therethrough; the induction coils being interconnected for causing a subtraction of currents induced therein by movement of the bars in the same direction and an addition of currents induced therein by movement of the bars in opposite directions.
7. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control means is operatively connected to said measuring head means and said adjusting means such that the time between the sensing of thickness and hardness fluctuations and the operation of said adjusting means is correlated to the speed of said strip material.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 and further wherein said control means includes time delay means to compensate for fluctuations in the speed of the strip material.
9. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said strip working apparatus is reversible, and further wherein a measuring head assembly is positioned on each side of said strip working means.
10. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said strip working means comprises a rolling mill.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said rolling mill includes at least one work roll; and further wherein said adjusting means includes: a backing roller engaging said work roll, said backing roller being mounted by an eccentric bearing having a toothed gear thereon; a toothed rack connected between a pair of hydraulic cylinders and drivingly engaging said toothed gear; and a valve connected between said control means and said hydraulic cylinders to direct fluid to one of said cylinders under the influence of said control means, to cause adjustment of said work roll.
12. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said rolling mill includes a pair oF oppositely spaced work rolls, and further wherein said adjusting means includes hydraulically operated backing means engaging each of said work rolls.
13. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said rolling mill comprises part of a casting, rolling, milling, and finishing apparatus.
14. A method of measuring and working strip material comprising the steps of: passing said strip material between a pair of oppositely positioned, displaceable measuring head means; pressing each of said measuring head means against said sheet material with a force of a magnitude adequate to cause sufficient deformation of said strip material for sensing both thickness and hardness characteristics of said strip material; causing said measuring head means to be displaceable in response to a change in counterpressure exerted by said strip material resulting from sensed thickness and hardness fluctuations; detecting displacement of said measuring head means resulting from changes in said counterpressure produced by thickness fluctuations and hardness fluctuations in said strip material; and causing said detected displacement to operate an adjusting means of a strip-working means positioned downstream of said measuring heads to adjust said strip-working means.
US859342A 1968-09-23 1969-09-19 Measuring and control apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3665743A (en)

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Cited By (14)

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US3781997A (en) * 1970-09-30 1974-01-01 Olivetti & Co Spa Diameter gauge for machine tools
US4109499A (en) * 1977-02-16 1978-08-29 Roll Forming Corporation Roll forming apparatus and method
EP0013539A1 (en) * 1978-12-29 1980-07-23 Lauener Engineering AG Speed control method for a continuous casting installation
US4215480A (en) * 1977-12-16 1980-08-05 James Neill Holdings Limited Distance measuring gauge
EP0102937A1 (en) * 1982-09-07 1984-03-14 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Gauge control system of a cold rolling mill
US4528507A (en) * 1981-10-26 1985-07-09 Accuray Corporation Sheet measuring apparatus with two structurally isolated non-contacting surface follower bodies and wireless signal transmission
US4686917A (en) * 1985-08-07 1987-08-18 Pfaff Industriemaschinen Gmbh Material thickness sensing device for sewing machines
US5054302A (en) * 1989-04-07 1991-10-08 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Hardness compensated thickness control method for wet skin-pass rolled sheet
WO2000012954A1 (en) * 1998-08-26 2000-03-09 Opex Corporation Apparatus for detecting the thickness of documents
US6161406A (en) * 1998-07-14 2000-12-19 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method of preadjusting cold deforming plants
WO2010043775A1 (en) * 2008-10-17 2010-04-22 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas Device and method for setting up an installation for the conversion of steel strip as a function of an arbitrary thickness of the said steel strip
US20110154877A1 (en) * 2008-02-19 2011-06-30 Michael Breuer Roll stand, particularly push roll stand
CN104321151A (en) * 2012-05-07 2015-01-28 西门子公司 Method for processing rolling stock and rolling mill
US9309074B1 (en) 2014-12-18 2016-04-12 Xerox Corporation Sheet height sensor and adjuster

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DE2512743A1 (en) * 1975-03-22 1976-09-30 Aluminium Walzwerke Singen HARDNESS MEASUREMENT ON MOVING METAL STRIPS
GB1551607A (en) * 1977-03-03 1979-08-30 Measurex Corp Contacting caliper gauges
FR2558594B1 (en) * 1984-01-23 1986-07-11 Radisa Sa METHOD FOR MEASURING THE HARDNESS OF A MATERIAL AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
FI840380A (en) * 1984-01-30 1985-07-31 Ld Testers Oy ANORDINATION FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PAPER SHEETS AND COMPRESSIBILITIES.

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3781997A (en) * 1970-09-30 1974-01-01 Olivetti & Co Spa Diameter gauge for machine tools
US4109499A (en) * 1977-02-16 1978-08-29 Roll Forming Corporation Roll forming apparatus and method
US4215480A (en) * 1977-12-16 1980-08-05 James Neill Holdings Limited Distance measuring gauge
EP0013539A1 (en) * 1978-12-29 1980-07-23 Lauener Engineering AG Speed control method for a continuous casting installation
US4528507A (en) * 1981-10-26 1985-07-09 Accuray Corporation Sheet measuring apparatus with two structurally isolated non-contacting surface follower bodies and wireless signal transmission
EP0102937A1 (en) * 1982-09-07 1984-03-14 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Gauge control system of a cold rolling mill
AT374705B (en) * 1982-09-07 1984-05-25 Voest Alpine Ag DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A COLD ROLLING DEVICE
US4686917A (en) * 1985-08-07 1987-08-18 Pfaff Industriemaschinen Gmbh Material thickness sensing device for sewing machines
US5054302A (en) * 1989-04-07 1991-10-08 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Hardness compensated thickness control method for wet skin-pass rolled sheet
US6161406A (en) * 1998-07-14 2000-12-19 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method of preadjusting cold deforming plants
WO2000012954A1 (en) * 1998-08-26 2000-03-09 Opex Corporation Apparatus for detecting the thickness of documents
US6141883A (en) * 1998-08-26 2000-11-07 Opex Corporation Apparatus for detecting the thickness of documents
US20110154877A1 (en) * 2008-02-19 2011-06-30 Michael Breuer Roll stand, particularly push roll stand
US9770745B2 (en) * 2008-02-19 2017-09-26 Sms Siemag Ag Roll stand, particularly push roll stand
WO2010043775A1 (en) * 2008-10-17 2010-04-22 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas Device and method for setting up an installation for the conversion of steel strip as a function of an arbitrary thickness of the said steel strip
CN104321151A (en) * 2012-05-07 2015-01-28 西门子公司 Method for processing rolling stock and rolling mill
US9309074B1 (en) 2014-12-18 2016-04-12 Xerox Corporation Sheet height sensor and adjuster

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DE1798305B2 (en) 1976-10-21
DE1798305A1 (en) 1972-01-13
FR2018660A1 (en) 1970-06-26
GB1270868A (en) 1972-04-19

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