US3587211A - Device for degassing liquids - Google Patents

Device for degassing liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
US3587211A
US3587211A US842966A US3587211DA US3587211A US 3587211 A US3587211 A US 3587211A US 842966 A US842966 A US 842966A US 3587211D A US3587211D A US 3587211DA US 3587211 A US3587211 A US 3587211A
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liquid
passages
sheets
laminar
separator
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US842966A
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English (en)
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Paul Gagliardi
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0042—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow

Definitions

  • a liquid-degassing device comprises a main separator composed of a plurality of spaced and parallel dihedral sheets each having a pair of side portions rising in opposite directions from its apex line, to provide a plurality of superposed laminar liquid passages in the direction of the aligned apex litres of the sheets of shallow angular cross section.
  • the member is mounted within a closed housing between a pair of liquid input and output oqualiaiug chambers l'ot dividing and passing :1 liquid sue-ant to be degassed into nutltt ple laminar partial streams traversing said passages. with the liquid rising and emerging laterally from said passages to a predetermined level above said member enclosing a gas collecting chamber with the adjoining housing walls. As a result, liquid bubbles rise laterally along the laminar passages and upwardly into said collecting chamber.
  • Special liquid deflecting means act to bypass spurious lateral liquid currents in an upward direction upon emerging from the open lateral ends of the laminar passages for subsequent passage through an auxiliary separator disposed above the main separator.
  • the present invention relates to liquid-degassing or separating devices of the general type shown and described by French Pat. No. 1,299,589 and comprising essentially a separator member composed of a plurality of spaced and parallel dihedral sheets of metal or the like, each sheet having a pair of side portions rising in opposite directions from its apex line and the sheets being arranged in spaced and aligned relation, to provide a plurality of superposed laminar liquid passages of relatively shallow angular cross section.
  • the present invention has for its main object the provision of an improved separator or liquid-degassing device of the type shown by the above patent and designed to substantially improve the efficiency ofthe gas separation, whereby to increase the output and reduce the cost of a device of given size or dimensions.
  • FIG. I is a vertical cross-sectional view, taken on line 1-1 of FIG. 2, of a separator or liquid-degassing device embodying the improvements according to the invention;
  • FIG. 1A is a detail view shown in perspective
  • F IG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken on line 2-2 of FIG. I;
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 4 and 4A are fragmentary horizontal cross sections similar to FIG. 2 and showing modifications of the invention.
  • the separator or degassing device shown comprises essentially a closed cylindrical housing having an angular-shaped bottom wall and a cover 9 and being fitted with a pair of opposite horizontal ingress and egress ports or openings 8 and 17, respectively, for the forceful passing of a liquid to be degassed through the device, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • Cover 9 has a vent hole 1 for cooperation with a float 4 fitted with a tubular shutter which in turn cooperates with a hollow cylinder serving as a guide for the float 4 and having suitable vent openings, to maintain a constant liquid level N, in the manner more clearly described hereinafter.
  • the separator member proper disposed within the housing 10 comprises a plurality of spaced and superposed dihedral sheets 6 of metal or a like material having side portions 6A and 68, FIG. 1A, extending upwardly from an apex line, whereby to provide a plurality of substantially horizontal laminar liquid passages of shallow angular cross section extending between the ingress and egress ports 8 and 13.
  • Interposed between the latter and the separator member proper are closed input and output equalizing chambers 14 and 18 formed, in the example shown, by parts of the cylindrical housing wall and including a pair of parallel perforate walls 7 and 14, respectively, between which are disposed the set of spaced angular sheets 6.
  • the superposed and aligned apex lines of the sheets 6 coinciding substantially with the direction of the liquid flow through the device descend from the input chamber 14 to the output chamber 18 at a predetermined incline angle, as more clearly seen in FIG. 3.
  • a pair of vertical liquid passages 13 defined, in the example shown, by the lateral edges of the sheets 6 and the adjoining cylindrical wall portions of the housing 10.
  • the perforations of the wall 7 of the input chamber extend only to the uppermost sheet 6 of the separator member, while the perforations of the wall 16 of the output chamber extend to a higher level, for the purpose as more clearly described hereinafter.
  • the function of the conventional separator or degassing device described in the foregoing is as follows.
  • the liquid to be degassed arriving at the ingress opening 8 spreads through the chamber 14 to be applied against the perforate wall 8 and, upon traversing said wall, passes, at a reduced speed and in the form of a plurality of laminar partial streams of angular cross section, through the separator member composed of the sheets 6, to be recombined in the output chamber 18 for delivery to and discharge from the egress port 17.
  • the liquid emerging from the opposite lateral ends of the laminar passages rises to form a predetermined liquid level N within the-housing 10, said level being maintained constant by the float 4.
  • the air or other gas bubbles contained in the liquid rise in passing transversely through the individual laminar passages and upwardly through the lateral passages 13, to be collected in the evacuation chamber formed above and by the liquid level N and the adjoining housing walls.
  • the gas thus collected may be removed or evacuated in any suitable manner. Due to the subdivision of the main liquid stream into a large number of relatively flat or laminar partial streams in the manner shown and described, an expeditious and effective gas separation may be achieved in a relatively simple and efficient manner.
  • the speed to be considered is that of the laminar streams immediately upon emerging from the perforations of the wall 7, rather than the speed of the recombined streams, the former speed being many times greater than the latter speed.
  • This phenomenon which may arise with relatively shallow angles of the sheets 6 and at relatively low liquid speeds, is highly undesirable for the following reasons, among others.
  • the liquid being deviated laterally through higher laminar compartments or passages of the separator acts to accelerate and disturb, due to its following an oblique course upon leaving the separator, the conditions in the upper part or expulsion chamber of the device.
  • the spurious or lateral liquid currents emerging from the lower laminar compartments of the separator, in rising obliquely within the vertical passages 13 may at least in part reenter said compartments at an upper level, carrying along thereby the gas bubbles contained therein which are thus prevented from being collected and evacuated.
  • the efficiency of the gas separation is greatly reduced thereby, aside from other disadvantages and defects resulting from the lateral liquid flow or currents.
  • a more specific object of the invention is the provision of means in conjunction with a liquid-degassing device of the referred to type by which the disadvantages and defects resulting from a lateral liquid flow are substantially reduced or minimized and the efficiency of the gas separation increased accordingly.
  • Another object of the invention is the prevention of spurious cross currents in a device of the referred to type from reentering the separator prior to collection and expulsion of the gases to be removed.
  • Yet another object of the invention is the provision of means in conjunction with a liquid-degassing device of the referred type to direct or deviate the undesirable cross currents in an substantially upward direction for collection of the gases contained therein in the evacuation chamber chamber of the device.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of means in conjunction with a liquid degassing device of the referred to type to guide or direct the cross currents for impingement upon an auxiliary separator member disposed above the main separator member and effectively shunting the main separator for removal of the residual gases contained in said currents.
  • FIGS. land 3 there is provided means in the form of a pair of guide or deflector plates 15 disposed within the lateral vertical liquid passages 13, said plates extending, in the example shown, substantially radially to the cylinder axis and upwardly to points close and below the liquid level N.
  • the spurious transverse currents emerging from v the main separator member are deviated in the upward direction, whereby to promote or accelerate the rising of the gas bubbles carried thereby, while substantially preventing a return of the currents or part thereof to the separator member.
  • the effect of the guide or deflector plates I5 per se results in a substantial improvement of the efficiency of the device in separating or expelling the gas or gasses contained in the liquid stream being treated.
  • the deflected transverse liquid currents are in turn passed through an auxiliary separator similar to the main separator member composed of the sheets 6 and disposed above said main member, said auxiliary separator being in effective parallel relation in respect to the main liquid flow through the main member and being comprised, in the example shown, of a plurality of auxiliary dihedral sheets 11 similar to but of shorter length and lesser number than the sheets 6, the arrangement of the parts being furthermore such as to cause the vertical liquid currents in the passages 13, or a substantial part thereof, to be impinged upon the auxiliary separator and discharged into the output chamber 18 via the perforate plate or wall 16, the latter being extended for this purpose in the upward direction, to encompass the output ends of both the main and auxiliary separator members.
  • the guide plates 15 by vertically deflecting the lateral or spurious liquid currents emerging at oblique angles from the output ends of the laminar flow passages of the main separator member, substantially prevent said currents from reentering the member, on the one hand, while carrying along the gas bubbles contained in the liquid for collection in the evacuation chamber above the liquid level N and/or renewed passage through the auxiliary separator constituted by the sheets I 1, on the other hand.
  • a U-shaped cage 3 having three sides is placed upon the uppermost sheet 6 of the main separator member, to enclose the auxiliary separator member 11 and to provide auxiliary vertical liquid passages 5 adjoining the lateral open ends of the sheets 11.
  • the outer parts of the cage 3 which may conform with the shape of the housing may be secured to the later while the central part of the U is provided with a suitable recess or aperture, to provide ready access of the vertical liquid stream or currents to the input ends of the auxiliary separator member.
  • the cage 3 terminates at a point below the liquid level N and its inner space is such as to leave a triangular opening 12 between the cage and the auxiliary separator, affording thereby adequate communication between the inside and the outside of the cage.
  • the two vertical currents rising within the passages 13 pass around the sides of the cage 3 to combine in front of the central portion of the cage.
  • the major portion of the gas bubbles carried by the currents rise and are collected in the evacuation chamber above the liquid level N, while the bubbles having too low a speed remain immersed to be separated by passage of the currents through the auxiliary separator member composed of the sheets 11.
  • the gas bubbles pass transversely between the auxiliary sheets 11 and into the vertical passages 5, to be collected in the evacuation chamber, in substantially the same manner as in the main or primary separator composed of the sheets 6.
  • the float 4 in following the variations of the liquid level N causes its tubular shutter 2 being guided by the cylinder 19 to cover or uncover, respectively, the vent holes in the latter communicating with the escape opening 1, whereby to maintain the liquid level N at a predetermined constant value.
  • the accelerating effect on the lateral or bypass currents utilized in accordance with the invention the impact exerted by said currents at the input ends of the laminar flow passages formed by the sheets 6, that is, exactly at the point where the liquid contains a maximum of gas to be evacuated, as well as the utilization of the auxiliary separator composed of the sheets 11, all combine in enabling the use of primary separator sheets 6 spaced by relatively small vertical distances, to afford an optimum liquid output or efficiency of the device for a desired degree of gas separation, the output being advantageously controlled by the three-fold variation of the spacing of the sheets 11, the position or orientation of the plates 15 and the incline angle of the sheets 6, respectively.
  • the same effect is obtained by the sheets 6 of the separator being arranged with their apex lines extending horizontally, in which case the openings in the plate may also be horizontal, to again reduce or minimize the lateral or bypass current, though at the expense of reduced efficiency or output of the device.
  • two vertical baffle plates 20 adjoin the lateral edges of the sheets along a portion of their length and on the side of the input port 8.
  • the function of the plates 20 is to contain the liquid laterally where it changes its direction, to prevent the creation of a lateral or bypass current. This makes it possible to vary the incline angle of the sheets 6, to suit a particular case or condition.
  • the cage 3 is omitted and the vertical plates disposed centrally within the passages 13, as shown at 21 in the figure.
  • the resulting function is the same as in the preceding modification with this difference that the auxiliary sheets 1 1 act to evacuate the gas bubbles within the downstream portion of the passages 13.
  • yet another modification as shown by FIG. 4A involves the omission of both the cage 3 and the separator plates 15 or 21, respectively.
  • the sheets of the primary separator may have a shape as shown at 24 and the sheets of the auxiliary separator may have a shape as shown at 23 in the figure, resulting in a function of the device as described in the followingv
  • the bypass current emerging from between the lower primary sheets 24 traversesthe passages 13 in an oblique direction and reenters, at a relatively higher level, the spaces between the remaining (upper) sheets 24 of the separator. The current then passes between the sheets to be subjected to a second but less short gas evacuation before reaching the output plate 16.
  • the currents then make a half turn and combine with the first bypass current, whereupon the combined current passes between the auxiliary sheets 23 to be finally discharged through the plate 16.
  • the gas bubbles emerging from between the sheets 23 escape through the open lateral ends of the separator and combine with the bypass current passing above the auxiliary separator.
  • auxiliary sheets having single inclined portions arranged either lengthwise or crosswise, in which case the output of the device is reduced.
  • the primary sheets may have a complex shape by combining the transverse inclination of the sheets with a longitudinal profile having a contour descending towards the output of the device.
  • the transverse inclination of the angular separating sheets may be inverted, in which case the gas bubbles to be removed are directed towards a common central evacuation passage.
  • the bypass currents are either suppressed, reduced, or utilized to effect additional gas separation, the're sult being an increase of as much as 50 percent of the output of the device.
  • the auxiliary separator may be substantially ineffective under certain operating conditions by the transverse current rising freely through the vertical flow passages. For greater outputs part of the bypass current is then deviated through the auxiliary separator, to maintain high output efficiency within a wide range of operating conditions.
  • a device for degassing liquids comprising in combination:
  • a closed housing 2. oppositely disposed horizontal ingress and egress ports in said housing for passing therethrough a liquid to be degassed,
  • each of said chambers having a perforate wall with the walls of both chambers being parallel and spaced from one another,
  • a separator member composed of a plurality of spaced and parallel dihedral sheets, each of said sheets having a pair of side portions rising in opposite directions from an apex line, to provide a plurality of aligned and superposed laminar liquid passages of relatively shallow angular cross section, said member being disposed between and adjoining said walls, to cause a liquid stream supplied to said input chamber via said ingress port to be divided into a plurality of parallel laminar partial streams passing through said passages substantially in the direction of the apex lines of said sheets and being recombined in said output chamber for discharge from said egress port,
  • deflector means within said lateral passages to divert spurious transverse liquid currents emerging from the open lateral ends of said laminar passages into substantially vertical currents within said lateral passages.
  • a liquid-degassing device as claimed in claim 1 including an auxiliary separator member composed of dihedral sheets similar to but of reduced size compared with said first member, said second member being disposed above said first member and below said liquid level with the input ends of its laminar passages arranged to receive at least part of said vertical currents and with the output ends of its laminar passages adjoining the perforate wall of said output chamber, whereby to bypass the transverse liquid currents through said second separator member.
  • a device for degassing liquids comprising in combination:
  • a separator comprised of a plurality of spaced and parallel dihedral sheets, each of said sheets having a pair of side portions rising in opposite directions from an apex line, to provide a plurality of aligned superposed laminar liquid passages of angular cross section,
  • said separator being disposed between said ports, to cause an input liquid stream to be divided into a plurality of parallel laminar partial streams passing through said separator substantially in the direction of the apex lines of said sheets from the ingress to the egress port, means to provide a pair of lateral vertical liquid passages each communicating with the open lateral ends on one side of said laminar passages, to cause liquid to rise above said separator to a predetennined level enclosing a gas evacuation chamber with the adjoining wall portion of said housing,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
US842966A 1968-07-19 1969-07-18 Device for degassing liquids Expired - Lifetime US3587211A (en)

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FR159957 1968-07-19

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US3587211A true US3587211A (en) 1971-06-28

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US (1) US3587211A (es)
DE (1) DE1936350A1 (es)
ES (1) ES369979A1 (es)
FR (1) FR1582568A (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6214096B1 (en) * 1997-12-30 2001-04-10 Won-Bok Kwak Air separation apparatus having air vent assembly

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2448378A1 (fr) * 1979-02-06 1980-09-05 Creusot Loire Dispositif de degazage
EP0015680B1 (en) * 1979-03-09 1982-06-30 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Fermentation process and apparatus
DE3040925C2 (de) * 1980-10-30 1983-07-14 Rockinger Spezialfabrik für Anhängerkupplungen GmbH & Co, 8000 München Lagerung für eine Sattelkupplung
US4398930A (en) * 1981-08-07 1983-08-16 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Fluid deaeration apparatus
DE3803815A1 (de) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-17 Fischer Ag Georg Sattelkupplung
DE8901060U1 (de) * 1989-02-01 1990-04-12 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 89522 Heidenheim Abscheidevorrichtung für flüssigkeitsdurchströmte Behälter, insbesondere zur Verwendung bei Papiermaschinen
NL1000100C2 (nl) * 1995-04-10 1996-10-11 Pacques Bv Bezinkinrichting voor een vloeistof, gas, en deeltjesvormig materiaal bevatten fluïdum alsmede een hiervan voorziene reinigingsinrichting en werkwijze voor het reinigen van afvalwater.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6214096B1 (en) * 1997-12-30 2001-04-10 Won-Bok Kwak Air separation apparatus having air vent assembly

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DE1936350A1 (de) 1970-01-22
FR1582568A (es) 1969-10-03
ES369979A1 (es) 1971-07-16

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