US3552114A - Potentially crimpable composite filament yarn made of thermoplastic high polymers and usable for a crepe fabric - Google Patents
Potentially crimpable composite filament yarn made of thermoplastic high polymers and usable for a crepe fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3552114A US3552114A US757363A US3552114DA US3552114A US 3552114 A US3552114 A US 3552114A US 757363 A US757363 A US 757363A US 3552114D A US3552114D A US 3552114DA US 3552114 A US3552114 A US 3552114A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filament
- filament yarn
- fabric
- yarn
- composite filament
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
Definitions
- a self-crimpable composite filament yarn comprising at least single filament composed of two kinds of thermoplastic high polyme'rshaving different viscosities and arranged in an eccentric disposition in the cross section of each filament.
- Material high polymers should be chosen from polyester groups and the difference in viscosities thereof should be larger than 0.05.
- a crepe fabric containing the filaments can be provided with remarkably improved pebbles.
- the present invention relates to a self crimpable composite filament yarn, more particularly relates to a self crimpable composite filament yarn suitable for developing pebbles on a woven or knitted fabric containing the filaments.
- filament yarn means a monofilament or multifilament yarn.
- the conventional method for manufacturing yarns used for crepe fabrics such as crepe wefts or textured yarns g'enerallyu'tilizes the so-called Italian twisting machine method or the false-twisting method, In both cases, the material yarn is processed by a multiple stage operation.
- the yarn is subjected to a process composed of winding up in the form of a pirn, rewinding, twisting, heat-setting of the twists, untwisting, sizing and winding up in the form of a filling cop
- the yarn is subjected to a process composed of winding up in the form of a pirn, false-twisting, sizing and winding up in the form of a filling cop.
- sizing is an indispensable operation in the conventional manufacturing method of crepe fabrics.
- the so-called bimetallike arrangement of two component polymers in the cross section of the filament is included in the term eccentric arrangement.
- a principal object of the present invention is to provide a self crimpable composite filament yarn which can develop excellent pebbles on a woven or knitted fabric containing the filaments.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a self crimpable composite filament yarn which can be utilized for manufacture of a woven or knitted fabric having excellent pebbling effect by a relatively simple method without employing a sizing operation which is indispensable in the conventional method.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a self crimpable composite filament yarn which can be utilized for manufacture of a woven or knitted fabric having excellent pebbling effect without employing a twisting operation which usually results in low productivity in the conventional manufacturing method.
- a still further object of the present invention is to provide a self crimpable composite filament yarn which can be utilized for manufacture of knitted fabric having excellent pebbling effect on an ordinary loom provided with a single shuttle.
- the self crimpable composite filament yarn of the present inve'ntion should be provided with characteristic features such as the composite filament is composed of at least two kinds of thermoplastic high polymers, the filament is provided with from 16 to 35 crimps/cm. after treatment with boiling water, the maximum stress of contraction of the filament is larger than 50 mg./ denier, the temperature corresponding to the maximum stress of contraction of the filament is lower than C. and the percent of pebbling contraction of the fabric is larger than 40%.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a composite spinning process employed in the manufacture of the composite filament yarn of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a drawing process employed in the manufacture of the composite filament yarn of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a relaxation thermal treatment process employed in the manufacture of the composite filament yarn of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a graphical representtion of the result obtained with the illustrated example according to the present invention.
- Two important factors can be considered as affecting the pebbling effect on the fabric containing filaments of the present invention.
- One of the factors is the stress of contraction of the filament and the other is the number of crimps developed on the filament by the thermal treatment.
- the larger the number of crimps developed on the filament the finer are the pebbles of the fabric obtained.
- it is necessary for the number of the crimps to be larger than 16 crimps/ cm. in order to obtain sufficient pebbling effect on the fabric obtained.
- the number of crimps developed on the filament become finer and too fine crimps results in a rather fiat appearance of the fabric surface. Therefore, there is an upper limit to the number of crimps developed on the filament in order to obtain a preferable pebbling effect on the fabric. It is therefore clear from the above discussion that the number of crimps should range from the purpose of developing pebbles.
- a thermal treatment at a temperature lower than 200 C. is sufficient to develop preferable pebbles on the fabric obtained.
- any knid of thermoplastic high polymers can be utilized although it is preferably composed of polymers substantially chosen from polyester groups for obtaining better pebbling effect on the fabric containing the filaments.
- polyester polymers should preferably be chosen in combination from a group composed of terephthalic acid, lower alkyl derivatives of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, bis-2-hydroxyl-ethylterephthalate or its low polymers and polyesters containing at least 70% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate.
- the combination of polymers chosen from the abovedescribed polyester group should be determined in such a manner that the difference in the intrinsic viscosities of polymers should be as hereinafter described.
- a combination of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol is preferably employed.
- the above-described polymers can also contain copoly mer components chosen from a group composed of aliphatic di-carboxylic acids such as oxalic acid, adipic acid and azelaic acid; aromatic di-carboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalene di-car- 4 boxylic acid and diphenic acid; di-carboxylic acid having alicycles such as 1,2-cyclobutane di-carboxylic acid; dicarboxylic acid containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen such as compounds having structures shown by the following general formulas,
- multifunctional compounds such as trimellitic acid and piromellitic acid; lower alkyl esters and glycol esters of such multifunctional compounds; polyoxy compounds such as di-ethylene-glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, butendiol, tioglycol, p-xylylene glycol, l,4-cyclohexan-di-methanol, 2,2-bis(p-2-oxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis(p-oxyethoxyphenyl) propane, glycerol and pentaerythritol; and p-oxyethoxy benzoic acid, p-oxymethyl benzoic acid and glycollic acid.
- multifunctional compounds such as trimellitic acid and piromellitic acid
- polyoxy compounds such as di-ethylene-glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, butendiol, tioglycol, p-xylylene glyco
- the polymers may contain such pigments as carbon black, phthalocyamine, titanium pigments and silicic anhydride, and phospho-compounds such as phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, tri-phenyl-phosphate, trimethyl-phosphate and tri-phenyl-phosphate. Furthermore, in case the viscosity of the molten polyester solution is remarkably low, it is also recommended that additives such as boric compounds or aluminate compounds be mixed. With respect to the difference in the intrinsic viscosities of the material polyester polymers composing the filament of the present invention, better results can be obtained when the difference in the intrinsic viscosities is larger than 0.05.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the com onent polyester polymer of higher viscosity is in a range from 0.60 to 0.85 while that of the component polyester polymer of lower viscosity is in a range from 0.45 to 0.55.
- the characteristic features of the crimped composite filament yarn of the present invention were measured in the following manner.
- polyester polymers composing the filament two kinds of polyester polymers having different intrinsic viscosities are used.
- One of the polyester polymers is provided with an intrinsic viscosity ranging from 0.45 to 0.55 while the other polyester polymer is provided with an intrinsic viscosity ranging from 0.60 to 0.85.
- Both polymers are fed to a composite spinning process held at a spinning temperature between 295 and 305 C. In this spinning, it is not desirable to subject the spun filaments to a sudden coagulation which is generally employed in the conventional spinning process of synthetic filaments. About 120 to 150 mm. downstream of a spinneret, there should be formed a calm windless zone, and the temperature measured at a position 30 mm. under the spinneret and mm.
- the undrawn composite filament obtained is provided with a percent thermal shrinkage in a range between 16 and 24%.
- the undrawn filaments are subjected to a drawing operation at a drawing ratio from 3.6 to 4.0 while passing through a drawing zone comprising a heated pin maintained at about 100 C. and a heated plate maintained from 130 to 180 C.
- the self crimpable composite filament yarn of the present invention can be obtained not by a random combination of the conditions but only a certain preferably designed combination of the conditions among the above-described processing conditions as will be madeapparent in the examples hereinafter described.
- FIG. 1 an embodiment of the composite spinning process employed in the manufacture of the composite filament yarn of the present invention is schematically shown.
- chips of the material polymers are melted in the respective melter 1a and 1b.
- the molten polymers are fed to a composite spinneret 3 by way of the respective gear pumps 2a and 2b and are extruded through the spinneret 3 in the form of a plurality of composite filaments4 composed of the two different kinds of material polymers arranged in an eccentric disposition in the cross section of the individual filament 4.
- the outlet side of the spinneret 3 is provided with a cylindrical shelter 5 having a length from 120 to 150 mm. to form the above-described calm, windless zone.
- the strand of filaments 4 coming out of the cylindrical shelter 5 is exposed to a coagulating air ejected from a cooling chimney 6 disposed directly downstream of the cylindrical shelter 5. After coagulation, the filaments 4 are taken up onto a bobbin 10 driven by a take-up roller 9 in the form of a package 11 while the processing tension is being adjusted by a pair of godet rollers 7 and 8 disposed in the passage of the filaments 4.
- the filaments 4 in the form of the package 11 is supplied to the drawing process shown in FIG. 2, wherein, the undrawn filament yarn 4 is drawn out from the package 11 by a pair of feed rollers 14a and 14b by way of yarn guides 12 and 13.
- a drawing roller 15 is positioned downstream of the feed rollers 14a, 14b and the undrawn filament yarn 4 is drawn Within a zone between the feed rollers 14a, 14b and the drawing rollers 15 by the difference in surface speeds of both rollers.
- the filament yarn 4 passes through the zone while contacting a heated pin 16 and a heated plate 17, both of which are positioned within the zone.
- the drawn filament yarn 18 is taken up onto a bobbin 19 in the form of a cop 20 by any of the known method.
- the drawn filament yarn 18 is drawn out from the cop 20 by a pair of feed rollers 22a and 22b by way of a yarn guide 21.
- a pair of relaxing rollers 23a and 23b are also positioned downstream of the feed rollers 22a, 22b and a heated cylinder 24 is disposed Within a zone between the pair of rollers.
- the drawn filament yarn 18 is sucked into the heated cylinder 24 by an air ejector 25 disposed to the inlet end of the heated cylinder 24 and is subjected to a thermal relaxation treatment while passing therethrough.
- the filament yarn 18 provided with numerous curled crimps is taken up onto a bobbin 26 in the form of a package 27 in any of the known manners.
- EXAMPLE 1 Two kinds of poylethyleneterephthalate chips having intrinsic viscosities measured in orthochlorophenol of 0.80 and 0.45 were used as material polymers.
- the material polymer chips were fed to the process shown in FIG. 1, wherein molten polymers were composite spun at a spinning temperature of 300 C. in the form of composite filaments having a bimetal-like cross sectional profile. After coagulation, the filaments were taken up onto a package in the form of a multifilament yarn of 50 denier containing 24 filaments.
- the length of the cylindrical shelter was mm., the temperature at a position 30 mm. Under the spinneret and 10 mm. horizontally away from the periphery of the filaments strand was maintained at 180 C., the temperature of the coagulating air ejected from the cooling chimney was maintained at 18 C. and the thermal shrinkage of the undrawn filament thus obtained was 16.2%.
- the undrawn filament yarn thus obtained was fed to the process shown in FIG. 2 and was drawn at a drawing ratio of 3.8.
- the heated pin was maintained at 100 C.
- the heated plate was maintained at 160 C.
- the drawn filament yarn was fed to the process shown in FIG. 3 and subjected to a relaxation thermal treatment at a relaxation ratio of 15% and a processing temperature of C.
- the characteristic features of the composite filament yarn thus obtained are shown by sample No. l in Table 2; tenacity of the yarn was 3.7 g./ denier, breaking elongation was 18.3%, number of crimps developed on the filament was 22.0 crimps/cm. after treatment in boiling water, the maximum stress of shrinkage was 190 mg./denier and the temperature corresponding to this stress was 148 C.
- a crepe fabric was manufactured using the composite filament yarn thus obtained.
- the crepe fabric thus obtained was provided with a pebbling contraction plastic materials eccentrically positioned with repect to each other in cross-section of said filament; said filament having from 16 to 35 crimps per centimeter of axial length and a maximum shrinkage stress greater than 50 mg./denier at temperatures less than 190 C.
- the results obtained are graphically shown in FIG. 4, wherein the stress of shrinkage is taken on the ordinate while the number of crimps is taken on the abscissa.
- the numerals attached to the plots corresponds to the numbers of samples listed in the table and the results obtained according to the present invention should fall within the area of the oblique shadings.
- the filament yarn of sample No. 16 is regarded as satisfying the object of the invention as it is within the area.
- the filament yarn of sample No. 16 is actually not suitable for the purpose of the invention because the temperature corresponding to the maximum stress of shrinkage is higher than 200 C., which causes deterioration of the functional properties of the crepe fabric obtained.
- the characteristic features of the yarn falls outside the area shown in FIG. 4, it is impossible to manufacture crepe fabrics provided with excellent pebbling effect and excellent handling from such material yarns.
- a composite filament yarn comprising: at least one filament composed of two different high polymer thermoin manufacturing a crepe yarn comprising: at least one filament composed of two kinds of high polymer thermoplastic material eccentrically disposed with respect to each other in cross-section of said filament; said filament having a potentially crimpable property of developing 16 to 35 crimps per centimeter of axial length; and wherein said filament has a maximum shrinkage stress greater than 50 mg./denier at temperatures less than 190 C.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5694467 | 1967-09-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3552114A true US3552114A (en) | 1971-01-05 |
Family
ID=13041641
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US757363A Expired - Lifetime US3552114A (en) | 1967-09-06 | 1968-09-04 | Potentially crimpable composite filament yarn made of thermoplastic high polymers and usable for a crepe fabric |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3552114A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1785274A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1195957A (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4241002A (en) * | 1978-05-24 | 1980-12-23 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Process for producing homogeneous curly synthetic polymer fibers |
US5996328A (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 1999-12-07 | Basf Coporation | Methods and systems for forming multi-filament yarns having improved position-to-position consistency |
US7096888B1 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2006-08-29 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Fluidic pulse generator system |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3927167A (en) * | 1972-09-26 | 1975-12-16 | Du Pont | Production of mixed shrinkage polyester yarn |
JPS59144618A (ja) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-08-18 | Teijin Ltd | ポリエステル系複合繊維の製造方法 |
-
1968
- 1968-09-03 GB GB41874/68A patent/GB1195957A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-09-04 US US757363A patent/US3552114A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-09-05 DE DE19681785274 patent/DE1785274A1/de active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4241002A (en) * | 1978-05-24 | 1980-12-23 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Process for producing homogeneous curly synthetic polymer fibers |
US5996328A (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 1999-12-07 | Basf Coporation | Methods and systems for forming multi-filament yarns having improved position-to-position consistency |
US7096888B1 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2006-08-29 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Fluidic pulse generator system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1785274A1 (de) | 1972-04-13 |
GB1195957A (en) | 1970-06-24 |
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