US3499076A - Production of shaped continuous structures - Google Patents

Production of shaped continuous structures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3499076A
US3499076A US644169A US3499076DA US3499076A US 3499076 A US3499076 A US 3499076A US 644169 A US644169 A US 644169A US 3499076D A US3499076D A US 3499076DA US 3499076 A US3499076 A US 3499076A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
structures
impulses
mechanical
shaped continuous
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Expired - Lifetime
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US644169A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Martin
Edelfried Hahn
Hans Schmid
Friedrich Wenger
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Publication date
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of preparing shaped continuous structures by subjecting the structures to the action of moving mechanical means. It also relates to apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • yam may be crimped by subjecting it to swelling and shrinkage.
  • This method has the disadvantage that the degree of crimpiness obtainable is dependent on the tension of the yarn and is therefore capable of only slight variation.
  • Another disadvantage is that the chemicals used for swelling have to be washed out from the yarn after crimping, and this is expensive and uneconomic.
  • Continuous structures in accordance with this invention include monofilaments, fiber bundles, bristles, yarns having circular or profiled cross-section and ribbons.
  • the structures may consist of, for example, synthetic thermoplastics, cellulose or cellulose derivatives. Structures of hair, for example wool threads, may also be used.
  • the method is particularly siutable for yarn of thermoplastics, for example polyamides, such as nylon 6 or nylon 6,6, polyester, particularly polyethylene terephthalate, or polyacrylonitrile and polyolefins.
  • Monofilaments for example of 1 to 20 denier, or yarn for 3,499,076 Patented Mar. 3, 1970 example of two to a few thousand monofilaments, are suitable. Structures may be used which have been subjected to stretching, for example structures which have only stretched to a certain degree, e.g. to 500% of their original length, or unstretched structures.
  • the structures are conveyed through a heating zone in which they are heated to the temperature required for the mechanical treatment.
  • the heating zone advantageously has a temperature such that the structures are heated to a temperature at which they are capable of deformation.
  • This temperature in the case of crystalline thermoplastics is usually at least 100 C. below the melting point of the crystallites and should not exceed the crystalline melting point.
  • nylon 6 yarn is heated to temperatures of from to 190 C., nylon 6,6 to to 240 C. and ethylene glycol terephthalic acid polyesters to 180 to 240 C.
  • Mechanical impulses are made to act on the structures in accordance with this invention transversely to the direction of conveyance.
  • the impulses may act at angles within the range of from 10 to 160 to the direction of conveyance. In a particularly advantageous method the impulses act at about 90 (90:10) to the direction of conveyance.
  • the impulses may be given in the same direction or in alternating directions. It is particularly advantageous to use a method in which the impulses act in alternating directions. This is most advantageously accomplished by causing a mechanical shaping unit to oscillate in a plane, for example transversely to the direction of conveyance of the structure, the unit acting on the structure in alternating directions.
  • the density of the mechanical impulses should be high enough for the structure to receive at least four and advantageously at least seven impulses per centimeter of its length.
  • the necessary number of impulses is determined by the speed of conveyance and the number of shaping units.
  • the strength of the impulse required to achieve a permanent set depends on the thickness of the yarn, the composition of the same, the type of cross-section, the tension of the yarn, the temperature and the type of material.
  • the strength of the impulses for a given structure to be used at the required temperature may be determined by preliminary experiment. q
  • a method in which the structure is additionally bent around a shaping means is particularly advantageous.
  • the shaping means may be for example the edge of a recess in the shaping unit.
  • the angle of bend may be 10 to 90, preferably 60 to 90, measured from the direction of the moving structure.
  • the radius of curvature of the bend may be 0.1 to 100 times, preferably 0.8 to 5 times, the original diameter of the structure. Bending may even result in the structure being embossed by the bending means.
  • Apparatus suitable for carrying out the method in accordance with this invention may comprise a casing having one or more apertures for guiding the yarn, one or more apertures transversely to the apertures for guiding the yarn, and shaping elements movably arranged in the apertures and having orifices in the direction of the apertures for guiding the yarn.
  • This apparatus which permits a particularly advantageous treatment of the structure with mechanical impulses, is simple, durable and trouble-free.
  • FIGURE 1 shows in diagrammatic form the way in which the method according to this invention may be carried out.
  • a yarn 1 is drawn off from a spool 2, passed over a guide 3 and two guide rollers 4 and supplied to take-oil rollers 5.
  • take-off rollers 5 are arranged so that they convey the yarn 1 through a guide tube 6. After the yarn has left the guide tube 6, it enters a vibration chamber 7 in which it is heated to elevated temperature and permanently crimped by the action of mechanical impulses. The crimped yarn is supplied to a Wind-up means by means of a pneumatic pull-out means 8 having a pipe 9 for supplying air.
  • FIGURE 2 A casing 11 has an opening 12 which extends through the casing.
  • the opening 12 serves to guide the yarn 1.
  • Recesses 13 are cut into the casing 11 perpendicularly to the opening 12 and intersecting the same.
  • Shaping means 14 are located in the recesses 13 so as to be movable therein.
  • the shaping means 14 is U-shaped and has orifices 15 following the same direction as the opening 12 for guiding the yarn 1.
  • the shaping means 14 is capable of horizontal movement in the recesses 13, the direction of movement alternating by 180. In the mid position of the shaping means 14, the orifices 15 are in alignment with the opening 12. It is advantageous for the orifices 15 and the opening 12 to have the same diameter.
  • the essential part of the apparatus is the vibration chamber 7 in which the filament is heated and mechanically shaped.
  • the vibration chamber may consist of a casing in which only one shaping means is movably arranged, in most cases it is advantageous to combine two or more shaping means to form a system which are arranged for parallel movement in a plurality of recesses.
  • the shaping means is advantageously driven by a vibration system.
  • the shaping means 14 may be arranged so that between them and the casing 11 there is a space amounting to one or more times the diameter of the yarn 1. In the position of greatest amplitude, the orifices 15 of the shaping means 14 form a gap with the opening 12 of the casing, said cap having a maximum diameter which is less than the diameter of the yarn 1.
  • the orifices 15 it is also possible however for the orifices 15 to be moved completely past openings 12 in both directions, so that the yarn is subjected to mechanical impulses as well as being meohanically shaped or embossed.
  • the chamber it is advantageous to design the chamber so that two or more openings are provided for reception of two or more filamerits.
  • a number of chambers may also be arranged side by side or one behind another.
  • pull-out means can be dispensed with. In this case it is advantageous to guide the direction of the mechanical impulses so that conveyance of the yarn through the openings is achieved.
  • the method and apparatus of the invention are particularly suitable for crimping yarn whose thickness may vary within a very wide range.
  • crimping yarn whose thickness may vary within a very wide range.
  • By varying the frequency of the shaping means and the take-up speed it is possible to vary the degree of crimpiness Within a wide range.
  • the invention is illustrated by the following example.
  • FIGURE 1 of the drawing 1080 denier nylon 6 yarn (consisting of 72 single capillaries) is taken from a supply package and passed by means of take-off rolls through a guide tube of a vibration chamber.
  • the principle of the vibration chamber is shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the shaping means oscillates about its mid position with a frequency of 100 cycles.
  • the casing of the vibration chamber is kept at a temperature of 156 C. by an electric heating element.
  • the yarn is passed by a, pneumatic pull-out means to a wind-up unit.
  • Crimp rigidity is used as a measure of the texturing effect and is calculated as follows: Crirnped yarn when loaded at the rate of 0.002 g./ den. elongates to the length I. When loaded with 0.2 g./ den. it elongates by the length L. Crimp rigidity is defined as:
  • thermoplastic filamentary or ribbon structure which comprises heating said structure to a temperature wherein they are crimpable, passing the heated structure through a passage in a crimping chamber, said passage being a plurality of aligned holes in interleaved fingers of said crimping chamber, which holes together define said passage, and subjecting said structure as it moves through said passage to axial bending by application thereagainst of mechanical thrust, said mechanical thrust being applied by reciprocating every other finger at an angle transverse to said passage while maintaining the remaining fingers stationary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US644169A 1966-06-08 1967-06-07 Production of shaped continuous structures Expired - Lifetime US3499076A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB87463A DE1294589B (de) 1966-06-08 1966-06-08 Vorrichtung zur Herstellung gekraeuselter Faeden od. dgl.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3499076A true US3499076A (en) 1970-03-03

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US644169A Expired - Lifetime US3499076A (en) 1966-06-08 1967-06-07 Production of shaped continuous structures

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US (1) US3499076A (de)
DE (1) DE1294589B (de)
ES (1) ES341489A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1181290A (de)
NL (1) NL6707934A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3649144A (en) * 1970-10-26 1972-03-14 Louis William Breck Jr Device for forming belt loop blanks
US3672012A (en) * 1970-07-30 1972-06-27 Glenn A Burklund Apparatus for texturizing yarns and the like
US3745618A (en) * 1970-07-30 1973-07-17 G Burklund Methods for texturizing yarns and the like

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5056200A (en) * 1990-01-09 1991-10-15 Textured Yarn Company, Inc. Apparatus for making novel textured yarn
DE102011102373A1 (de) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Power-Heat-Set Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur individuellen Formgebung eines langgestreckten Mediums

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3377673A (en) * 1965-12-27 1968-04-16 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and apparatus for crimping filaments

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1224861A (fr) * 1958-01-13 1960-06-28 Textured Yarn Co Perfectionnements à un procédé de traitement d'un fil de composition plastifiable
FR1400639A (fr) * 1964-05-14 1965-05-28 Algemene Kunstzijde Unie Nv Procédé pour friser des fils continus ainsi que les fils obtenus suivant ce procédé et les produits textiles contenant ces fils

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3377673A (en) * 1965-12-27 1968-04-16 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and apparatus for crimping filaments

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3672012A (en) * 1970-07-30 1972-06-27 Glenn A Burklund Apparatus for texturizing yarns and the like
US3745618A (en) * 1970-07-30 1973-07-17 G Burklund Methods for texturizing yarns and the like
US3649144A (en) * 1970-10-26 1972-03-14 Louis William Breck Jr Device for forming belt loop blanks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6707934A (de) 1967-12-11
ES341489A1 (es) 1968-07-01
GB1181290A (en) 1970-02-11
DE1294589B (de) 1969-05-08

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