US3474510A - Process and a device for producing interlaced filament synthetic and artificial yarns - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 28. 1969 R. TORSELLINI 3,474,510

PROCESS AND A DEVICE} FOR PRODUCING INTERLACED FILAMENT SYNTHETIC AND ARTIFICIAL YARNS Filed Nov. 15, 1967 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1 Jig. 2

Jig. 5 -115 .4

INVENTOR,

RENATG TDRSELLIN! ATTORNEY,

R. T SELLINI 3,474,510 PROCESS AND A DEVICE F0 RODUCING INTERLACED FILAMENT SYNTHETIC AND ARTIFICIAL YARNS Filed Nov. 15, 196'.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ammo Toasnum.

INVENTOR BY 1.0mm.

ATTORNEY! United States Patent US. Cl. 28-1 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Interlaced filament artificial and synthetic yarns are produced by means of the action of a fluid jet on the yarn running under tension, the yarn, or part of the filaments composing the yarn, being hit at the side opposite the nozzle from which the fluid is discharged, by pulses of the suitably conveyed fluid itself, said pulses acting on the fluid from different directions with a controlled periodicity.

The present invention relates to a process and a device for producing interlaced filament synthetic and artificial yarns. An integrating part of this invention is the product obtained by the aforesaid product and device.

In the production of multifilament artificial and synthetic yarn, the filaments at the moment of the embodiment of the yarns, in most of the processes at present used, are parallel, i.e., the yarn at the end of the extrusion process consists of parallel filaments.

For the subsequent textile operations a certain twist must be imparted to the yarn, so that the filaments, bound together by said twist, will be able to endure more easily the stresses to which said filaments will be subjected in the different working stages.

Various processes have been developed in order to replace the twisting process. Some of these processes are based on the action of a gas blow (generally an air blow) acting on to yarn running under a certain tension, and producing the effect of interlacing some of the filaments forming the yarn itself.

This interlacing of filaments, which repeats itself along the yarn, affects-in any case for short portions, and it would be possible to say by points-a certain number of filaments which alternate in this function according to their disposition in their displacement in front of the gas nozzle.

By this system, while obtaining a certain cohesion between the groups of filaments, and therefore a certain cohesion between the totality of the filaments forming the yarn, the distance between the interlacing points, since this interlacing is left to casual happening, is not regular, i.e., these interlacing points are not located in a regular sequence, and the distances therebetween change, of course detrimentally in respect of a consistent bond between the filaments.

It has now been found that a high regularity of the distances between the interlacing points will be obtained by exposing the yarn, moving under a certain tension, to fluid pulses, said pulses occurring at constant time intervals and acting on the yarn from different directions.

This engenders an interlacing of part of the yarn at regular intervals, the amount of which has a relationship with the sequence of the pulses and with the displacement speed of the yarn.

Now, for a better understanding of the invention and by way of example, a device will be described allowing the embodiment of the invention, and hereinafter reference will be made to the attached drawings.

FIGURES 1 and 2 respectively, show fragmentary dia- 3,474,510 Patented Oct. 28, 1969 grammatic horizontal and vertical sectional views of the device consisting of the nozzle 1 for a compressed fluid (a gas) directed against the filament bundle 2 running, guided by the yarn guides 3 and 3, in front of the nozzle itself.

FIGURES 3 to 8 show the movement of the fluid jet and pulses acting on the filament bundle.

FIGURES 9 and 10 show the filament bundle being submitted to the action of the fluid jet.

FIGURES 11 to 13 show the different length of the fluid path inside the recess of the body.

On the axis of the nozzle 1, behind the filament bundle 2, is located the recess 4, provided in the body 5, divided into two branches 6 and 6', inclined with respect to the axis of symmetry, by a central body 7.

The operation of the device is shown in FIGS. 3-8, by way of example.

The gas jet 8 coming out from nozzle 1 hits the filament bundle 2, but part of said jet 9 enters into the branch 6 of the recess 4 and issues from the duct 6 hitting from behind the part 21 of the filaments, moving them towards the direction of the arrow 10 (FIGS. 3 and 4).

The displacement of the group of filaments 21 toward the direction of the arrow 10, shuts off the flow of the gas jet 9 into the duct 6 and opens the passage of the flow 8 to the duct 6 (FIG. 5). The jet 8 issues from the recess 4 through the duct 6' hitting from behind the filament group 21 and compelling the part 211 thereof to move towards the direction of the arrow 11 and imparting a rotatory movement to the unit of the filaments forming the groups 22 and 211 (FIG. 6). The displacement of the filament group 211 and the rotation of the group 22 will shut off the flow 8 through the duct 6 while opening the passage through the duct 6 to the flow 9 (FIG. 7). The flow 9 issuing from the duct 6 (FIG. 8) hits from behind the group 22 of filaments, compelling part thereof to move towards the direction of the arrow 12, towards the group 210 and imparting to the unit a rotational movement.

The filament bundle submitted to the action of the fluid jet, will undergo, totally or partially, transverse displacements with respect to the jet (FIG. 9) and rotational movements, and said movements will so combine in a 8 shape (FIG. 10) as to cause the filaments to interlace with one another, so that the yarn thereby composed will become cohesioned and capable of being utilized in the subsequent textile operations just as a twisted yarn.

The frequency of the transverse displacements of the filament bundle in front of the fluid jet determines the distance between the bonding points along the thread, in function of the speed with which the filament bundle or yarn moves in front of the nozzle.

By the known and usually utilized devices, said frequency depends upon the count of the filament bundle, upon the tension to which the filament bundle is submitted in the portion of path where the fluid jet acts, upon the spacing apart of the yarn guides between which the fluid jets are located, upon the friction of the filament bundle on the guides, and upon the dimension of the passages through which the filament bundle is caused to pass in order to be submitted to the action of the fluid jets.

Due to the high number of variable values determining the frequency of the oscillations, and in view of the impossibility of keeping under control certain of said values (for instance, the friction in the guides), it can be said that said frequency is quite fortuitous, as is shown by the enormous irregularity, which can be checked by a simple inspection, of the distances between the bonding points of a yarn submitted to the normally utilized devices.

The device according to the present invention allows the frequency of the transverse oscillations of the filament bundle in front of the fluid jet to be fixed and kept under control, so that a good regularity of the distances between the successive bonding points will be obtained, with a valve dispersion much more limited than that observed on yarns worked with the known and normally utilized devices.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show that the part of the fluid jet enters the branch 6 and after having passed through the recess 4, issues from the duct 6 striking the filament bundle 2'. The thrust towards the direction of the arrow tending to move the filament bundle 2' transversely to the other side of the fluid jet issuing from the nozzle 1 is generated by the flow 9 after said flow has moved through the duct 6, the recess 4 and the duct 6 and is therefore delayed by the time necessary to move along said path. The pulses in the direction of the arrow 10 and in contrary direction will follow at time intervals equal to that necessary for the fluid flow to move the path 6, 4, 6' and will determine the frequency of the transverse oscillation of the filament bundle.

By changing the length of the fluid path inside the recess 4 as shown in FIGS. 11, 12, 13, it will be possible to change the frequency of the oscillations and therefore the distance between the bonding points of the filaments, when the running speed of the filaments in front of the fluid jet is constant.

The invention can be used for all artificial and synthetic yarns, particularly rayon, acetate, polyamidic yarns, polyester yarns, polyurethane yarns, etc.

This invention can be used, as aforesaid for the yarns with parallel filaments, as well as for the yarns with low twist filaments.

The yarns produced according to the invention are useful for all purposes for which usual twisted yarns are employed, particularly in the manufacture of fabrics in per se known manner.

According to the manufacturing process being used, the most appropriate point for the application to the yarns of the process of this invention, will be selected.

This point could be, for instance, in the continuous rayon process, the passage of the yarn from the dryer or the humidifier to the winding device; in the dry spinning, between the spinning cell and the winding device; in the spinning from molten masses, in the spinning machine itself (in case of stretch spinning) before the winding of the yarn on the collecting device or on the stretching machine before the collecting device.

These are the possibilities of application most convenient in function of the manufacturing of the used fiber. Of course, the process is capable of being applied at other manufacturing stages requiring the running of the yarn, and it will also be possible artificially to cause said thread running, where there is no other possibility most convenient for certain manufacturing processes, such as for instance rayon spun on the bobbin.

The running speed of the yarn varies, being the speeds dictated by production exigencies which find different limits in the different processes for extruding the fibers.

Having thus disclosed the essence of this invention, and of the device for the embodiment thereof, it is seen that the characteristic data of the use conditions change within limits which are quite large, because besides the factors now indicated, also the nature and the count of the yarn to be treated, the number of its filaments, the number of the interlacing to be obtained for unity of length, exert their influence. Thus, e.g. the nozzle bore can be 0.2 to 10 mm. in diameter, and the pressure of the fluid can change from 0.5 to 25 atm.

EXAMPLE On a dry spinning machine for acetate production, the device according to the invention, according to FIGS. 1 and 2, will be mounted between the spinning cell and the collecting member. The spinning speed is 600 meters per minute. The yarn has 20 filaments, and a count of deniers. The diameter of the nozzle bore is 0.8 mm., and the pressure at the nozzle 3 atm. The running yarn is submitted to a tensile stress of 0.04 gram per denier.

A yarn with filament interlaced at regular intervals will be obtained.

The present invention has been described in one preferred embodiment, it being however understood that constructive changes might be practically adopted without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Having thus described the present invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a method for producing interlaced filament artificial and synthetic yarn by means of the action of a fluid jet onto the yarn running under tension, the improvement according to which a fluid jet is forced out of a nozzle and caused to impinge against a part of the surface of said running yarn by which it is deviated from its direction and thereafter is controlled to impinge again, by constant pulses onto the surface of said yarn opposite the deviating surface, said fluid pulses acting on this latter yarn surface, alternatively and with a controlled periodicity from at least two different coplanar transverse directions with respect to the jet.

2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the fluid jet is forced out of the nozzle and caused to impinge against the whole surface of the running yarn.

3. A device for producing interlaced filament artificial and synthetic yarns consisting essentially of a nozzle 1 and a body 5, comprising branches 6, 6', recess 4 and a central body 7, said branches 6, 6' being inclined with respect to the axis of symmetry of the central body, the nozzle being located in front to the body 5, its axis of symmetry coinciding with the extension of the symmetry axis of this body.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,985,995 5/1961 Bunting et al. 2,990,671 7/1961 Bunting et al. 3,115,691 12/1963 Bunting et al. 3,125,793 3/ 1964 Gonsalves. 3,167,847 2/ 1965 Gonsalves.

FOREIGN PATENTS 554,150 3/1958 Canada.

JAMES KEE CHI, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 28-72; 57-34

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