US3420986A - Electric multiphase tubular heating structure having hollow refractory conductors and all terminals at one structure end - Google Patents

Electric multiphase tubular heating structure having hollow refractory conductors and all terminals at one structure end Download PDF

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Publication number
US3420986A
US3420986A US602755A US3420986DA US3420986A US 3420986 A US3420986 A US 3420986A US 602755 A US602755 A US 602755A US 3420986D A US3420986D A US 3420986DA US 3420986 A US3420986 A US 3420986A
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United States
Prior art keywords
hollow
conductors
tubular
conductor
heating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US602755A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Pohler
Gerolf Strohmeier
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Schwarzkopf Technologies Corp
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Schwarzkopf Technologies Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of one heating structure of the invention
  • FIG. l-A is a perspective view of an end portion of one of the hollow conductors of such heating structure
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one portion of the heater body of the heating structure of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is another perspective view similar to FIG. 1 of a further example of ya heating structure of the invention.
  • a 1954 publication of the Wipperfurth Company described ldifferent forms of hollow tubular electric heater conductors made of thin refractory wires of tungsten, molybden-um and their alloys. It states that the heating conductor could be made of other known high temperature melting metals such as tantalum and niobium 'alloys and chrome-nickel ibase alloys. Such hollow heating conductors could be used for heating of high temperature ovens as a heater filament in vacuum tubes or as a vacuum tube grid which is ⁇ heated by the nearby cathode.
  • an axially extending tubular heating structure 10 of the invention such as shown in FIG. 1 is formed of a plurality of narrow elongated hollow tubular conductors 11, an example of which is shown in FIG. l-A, which extend along the axis of the heater structure 10.
  • the axial length of tubular heating structure 10 is greater than its transverse width or diameter.
  • the axially extending elongated hollow conductor 11 of the heater structure 10 are shown interwoven with transversely crossing similar hollow conductors 12, for example, in the way indicated in FIG. 2 to form a heating conductor cable or cable-shaped heater structure 10.
  • the individual hollow tubular conductors 11 yand 12 are each made of interlaced thin ductile wires of refractory metals such as molybdenum. tungsten or tungsten-molybdenum alloys. However, these hollow conductors may also be formed of other refractory metals such as tantalum, niobium and their other alloys and also of chrome-nickel base alloys.
  • refractory metals such as molybdenum. tungsten or tungsten-molybdenum alloys.
  • these hollow conductors may also be formed of other refractory metals such as tantalum, niobium and their other alloys and also of chrome-nickel base alloys.
  • the tubular heating structure 10 of FIG. 1 may be formed of two transversely extending and interwoven sets of hollow conductors 11 and 12, an example of which is shown in FIG. l-A.
  • Each of the hollow conductors 11 and 12 may be woven or knitted out of thin tungsten wires 0.1 to 0.3 mm. .thick by known techniques used in making textile threads into a hollow tubular conductor the exterior of which consists of interlaced thin conductor wires of such small thickness.
  • FIG. l shows one tubular hollow heating structure 10 of the invention formed of such hollow elongated conductors 11 and 12 which are combined into interwoven hollow conductor structure such as shown in FIG. 2. It consists of two semi-tubular heater sections or halves 10 spaced from each other on opposite sides by gaps 13. The two heater halves 10 have all terminal ends at one end thereof which are secured to two strong, solid supporting and connecting collar sections 14 of refractory metal having terminal and/ or :support ends 15. At the opposite end, the two semi-tubular heater sections 10 are joined in a common circuit by a solid metallic collar 15 which like the conductor half-collars 14 are made of refractory metal such as molybdenum or tungsten.
  • the opposite strong support structures 14, 15 of the heater structure 10 serve to support it in its operative position within the heating apparatus :shown while its woven hollow conductors 11, 12 are loosely supported in the operative position within the furnace.
  • FIG. l shows the tubular heater structure 10 as being axially relatively short ⁇ for the sake of illustration only.
  • Such tubular heater structure 10 has its opposite terminal elements 14 at one end of the tubular heating conductor 10, the opposite ends of which are interconnected as by electric welding to common strong conductor ring or collar 15.
  • a hollow heating conductor structure 10 formed with such loosely supported elongated hollow tubular conductors of the type shown and described in connection with FIGS. l, l-A and 2 will operate at temperatures above 2000 C. without any noticeable embrittlement of the thin conductor wires of its hollow tubular conductors 11 and 12.
  • FIG. 3 is shown another exemplication of a heater structure 22 of the invention.
  • Elongated hollow tubular conductors 11, asimilar to hollow conductors 11, 12 of FIG. 2 are shaped into a tubular heating structure 22 having upper terminal end 23 and an opposite end 24.
  • Intermediate longitudinal sections of the hollow elongated tubular conductors 11 are folded lengthwise parallel to each other to form the tubular heating structure 22 wherein ⁇ many adjacent longitudinal hollow conductor sections are serially connected with each other.
  • the adjacent longitudinal sections of the hollow con-ductor 11 may be supported in the desired arcuate formation, for example by elongated ceramic supporting rings 26 to which the individual hollow conductors are secured, for instance, by refractory wires 28.
  • elongated ceramic supporting rings 26 to which the individual hollow conductors are secured, for instance, by refractory wires 28.
  • multiphase current is supplied to three terminal portions 31, 32 and 33 shown at its upper end region.
  • the ceramic supporting rings 26 separate the individual hollow conductors 11 of tubular structure 22 into three equal different arcuate heater phases 31, 32, 33. These three individual conductor phases 31, 32, 33 are energized by similar hollow supply terminal members 311, 32-1 and 33:*1 of similar hollow tubular conductor portions welded thereto and energized by a source of three-phase energizing current of a conventional type.
  • a source of three-phase energizing current of a conventional type.
  • eac-h hollow tubular conductor consisting of thin interlaced metallic tilaments all confined to its tubular exterior region;
  • tubular heater structure having all their different polarity terminal end portions disposed at one end of said tubular heater structure which terminal end portions constitute support elements carrying loosely the major length of each said adjacent tubular conductor sections,
  • said plurality of elongated support elements constituting additional similar conductor sections engaging and supporting intermediate portion of said first mentioned adjacent conductor sections extending betwee said opposite structure ends.
  • said elongated support elements including at least one insulating support member. 5.
  • said elongated support elements including at least one insulating support member. 5.
  • said plurality of hollow adjacent conductor sections constituting at least two distinct segmental heater regions, with the opposite ends of adjacent different conduct-or sections being serially connected in a common conductor path between different of said terminal end portions.

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US602755A 1965-12-21 1966-12-19 Electric multiphase tubular heating structure having hollow refractory conductors and all terminals at one structure end Expired - Lifetime US3420986A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1149365A AT262467B (de) 1965-12-21 1965-12-21 Heizkörper

Publications (1)

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US3420986A true US3420986A (en) 1969-01-07

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US602755A Expired - Lifetime US3420986A (en) 1965-12-21 1966-12-19 Electric multiphase tubular heating structure having hollow refractory conductors and all terminals at one structure end

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3420986A (de)
AT (1) AT262467B (de)
DE (1) DE1565732A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1501614A (de)
GB (1) GB1163109A (de)
NL (1) NL6617552A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4209687A (en) * 1977-01-27 1980-06-24 Therglas Gmbh Fur Flachenheizung Laminated transparent pane
US4687911A (en) * 1985-06-27 1987-08-18 Btu Engineering Corporation Electric furnace heater
US5224973A (en) * 1992-04-20 1993-07-06 Donaldson Company, Inc. Filter cartridge for trap apparatus

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3911761A1 (de) * 1989-04-11 1990-10-18 Ako Werke Gmbh & Co Strahlungsheizeinrichtung
DE9218244U1 (de) * 1991-11-13 1993-09-23 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 75038 Oberderdingen Strahlungs-heizleiter, insbesondere eines elektrischen strahlungsheizkoerpers
CN104741876B (zh) * 2015-03-25 2017-08-25 苏州大学 多孔钽工件的纤维编织法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422477A (en) * 1944-11-01 1947-06-17 Driver Co Wilbur B Low-temperature heating element
US2922867A (en) * 1958-05-08 1960-01-26 Electrofilm Inc Conductive surface coverage electrical heating elements
US3152246A (en) * 1960-03-24 1964-10-06 Philips Corp Device for depositing metal layers from vapour in vacuo
US3178665A (en) * 1962-08-27 1965-04-13 Sylvania Electric Prod Electrical heating element
US3257492A (en) * 1965-07-15 1966-06-21 Hayes Inc C I Electric furnace construction
US3274374A (en) * 1963-05-07 1966-09-20 Sylvania Electric Prod Electrical heating elements

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422477A (en) * 1944-11-01 1947-06-17 Driver Co Wilbur B Low-temperature heating element
US2922867A (en) * 1958-05-08 1960-01-26 Electrofilm Inc Conductive surface coverage electrical heating elements
US3152246A (en) * 1960-03-24 1964-10-06 Philips Corp Device for depositing metal layers from vapour in vacuo
US3178665A (en) * 1962-08-27 1965-04-13 Sylvania Electric Prod Electrical heating element
US3274374A (en) * 1963-05-07 1966-09-20 Sylvania Electric Prod Electrical heating elements
US3257492A (en) * 1965-07-15 1966-06-21 Hayes Inc C I Electric furnace construction

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4209687A (en) * 1977-01-27 1980-06-24 Therglas Gmbh Fur Flachenheizung Laminated transparent pane
US4687911A (en) * 1985-06-27 1987-08-18 Btu Engineering Corporation Electric furnace heater
US5224973A (en) * 1992-04-20 1993-07-06 Donaldson Company, Inc. Filter cartridge for trap apparatus
WO1993020919A1 (en) * 1992-04-20 1993-10-28 Donaldson Company, Inc. Filter cartridge for trap apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6617552A (de) 1967-06-22
FR1501614A (fr) 1967-11-10
AT262467B (de) 1968-06-10
DE1565732A1 (de) 1970-02-26
GB1163109A (en) 1969-09-04

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