US3420986A - Electric multiphase tubular heating structure having hollow refractory conductors and all terminals at one structure end - Google Patents
Electric multiphase tubular heating structure having hollow refractory conductors and all terminals at one structure end Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3420986A US3420986A US602755A US3420986DA US3420986A US 3420986 A US3420986 A US 3420986A US 602755 A US602755 A US 602755A US 3420986D A US3420986D A US 3420986DA US 3420986 A US3420986 A US 3420986A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hollow
- conductors
- tubular
- conductor
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title description 59
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGRWKWACZDFZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum tungsten Chemical compound [Mo].[W] MGRWKWACZDFZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
Definitions
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of one heating structure of the invention
- FIG. l-A is a perspective view of an end portion of one of the hollow conductors of such heating structure
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one portion of the heater body of the heating structure of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is another perspective view similar to FIG. 1 of a further example of ya heating structure of the invention.
- a 1954 publication of the Wipperfurth Company described ldifferent forms of hollow tubular electric heater conductors made of thin refractory wires of tungsten, molybden-um and their alloys. It states that the heating conductor could be made of other known high temperature melting metals such as tantalum and niobium 'alloys and chrome-nickel ibase alloys. Such hollow heating conductors could be used for heating of high temperature ovens as a heater filament in vacuum tubes or as a vacuum tube grid which is ⁇ heated by the nearby cathode.
- an axially extending tubular heating structure 10 of the invention such as shown in FIG. 1 is formed of a plurality of narrow elongated hollow tubular conductors 11, an example of which is shown in FIG. l-A, which extend along the axis of the heater structure 10.
- the axial length of tubular heating structure 10 is greater than its transverse width or diameter.
- the axially extending elongated hollow conductor 11 of the heater structure 10 are shown interwoven with transversely crossing similar hollow conductors 12, for example, in the way indicated in FIG. 2 to form a heating conductor cable or cable-shaped heater structure 10.
- the individual hollow tubular conductors 11 yand 12 are each made of interlaced thin ductile wires of refractory metals such as molybdenum. tungsten or tungsten-molybdenum alloys. However, these hollow conductors may also be formed of other refractory metals such as tantalum, niobium and their other alloys and also of chrome-nickel base alloys.
- refractory metals such as molybdenum. tungsten or tungsten-molybdenum alloys.
- these hollow conductors may also be formed of other refractory metals such as tantalum, niobium and their other alloys and also of chrome-nickel base alloys.
- the tubular heating structure 10 of FIG. 1 may be formed of two transversely extending and interwoven sets of hollow conductors 11 and 12, an example of which is shown in FIG. l-A.
- Each of the hollow conductors 11 and 12 may be woven or knitted out of thin tungsten wires 0.1 to 0.3 mm. .thick by known techniques used in making textile threads into a hollow tubular conductor the exterior of which consists of interlaced thin conductor wires of such small thickness.
- FIG. l shows one tubular hollow heating structure 10 of the invention formed of such hollow elongated conductors 11 and 12 which are combined into interwoven hollow conductor structure such as shown in FIG. 2. It consists of two semi-tubular heater sections or halves 10 spaced from each other on opposite sides by gaps 13. The two heater halves 10 have all terminal ends at one end thereof which are secured to two strong, solid supporting and connecting collar sections 14 of refractory metal having terminal and/ or :support ends 15. At the opposite end, the two semi-tubular heater sections 10 are joined in a common circuit by a solid metallic collar 15 which like the conductor half-collars 14 are made of refractory metal such as molybdenum or tungsten.
- the opposite strong support structures 14, 15 of the heater structure 10 serve to support it in its operative position within the heating apparatus :shown while its woven hollow conductors 11, 12 are loosely supported in the operative position within the furnace.
- FIG. l shows the tubular heater structure 10 as being axially relatively short ⁇ for the sake of illustration only.
- Such tubular heater structure 10 has its opposite terminal elements 14 at one end of the tubular heating conductor 10, the opposite ends of which are interconnected as by electric welding to common strong conductor ring or collar 15.
- a hollow heating conductor structure 10 formed with such loosely supported elongated hollow tubular conductors of the type shown and described in connection with FIGS. l, l-A and 2 will operate at temperatures above 2000 C. without any noticeable embrittlement of the thin conductor wires of its hollow tubular conductors 11 and 12.
- FIG. 3 is shown another exemplication of a heater structure 22 of the invention.
- Elongated hollow tubular conductors 11, asimilar to hollow conductors 11, 12 of FIG. 2 are shaped into a tubular heating structure 22 having upper terminal end 23 and an opposite end 24.
- Intermediate longitudinal sections of the hollow elongated tubular conductors 11 are folded lengthwise parallel to each other to form the tubular heating structure 22 wherein ⁇ many adjacent longitudinal hollow conductor sections are serially connected with each other.
- the adjacent longitudinal sections of the hollow con-ductor 11 may be supported in the desired arcuate formation, for example by elongated ceramic supporting rings 26 to which the individual hollow conductors are secured, for instance, by refractory wires 28.
- elongated ceramic supporting rings 26 to which the individual hollow conductors are secured, for instance, by refractory wires 28.
- multiphase current is supplied to three terminal portions 31, 32 and 33 shown at its upper end region.
- the ceramic supporting rings 26 separate the individual hollow conductors 11 of tubular structure 22 into three equal different arcuate heater phases 31, 32, 33. These three individual conductor phases 31, 32, 33 are energized by similar hollow supply terminal members 311, 32-1 and 33:*1 of similar hollow tubular conductor portions welded thereto and energized by a source of three-phase energizing current of a conventional type.
- a source of three-phase energizing current of a conventional type.
- eac-h hollow tubular conductor consisting of thin interlaced metallic tilaments all confined to its tubular exterior region;
- tubular heater structure having all their different polarity terminal end portions disposed at one end of said tubular heater structure which terminal end portions constitute support elements carrying loosely the major length of each said adjacent tubular conductor sections,
- said plurality of elongated support elements constituting additional similar conductor sections engaging and supporting intermediate portion of said first mentioned adjacent conductor sections extending betwee said opposite structure ends.
- said elongated support elements including at least one insulating support member. 5.
- said elongated support elements including at least one insulating support member. 5.
- said plurality of hollow adjacent conductor sections constituting at least two distinct segmental heater regions, with the opposite ends of adjacent different conduct-or sections being serially connected in a common conductor path between different of said terminal end portions.
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT1149365A AT262467B (de) | 1965-12-21 | 1965-12-21 | Heizkörper |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3420986A true US3420986A (en) | 1969-01-07 |
Family
ID=3629028
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US602755A Expired - Lifetime US3420986A (en) | 1965-12-21 | 1966-12-19 | Electric multiphase tubular heating structure having hollow refractory conductors and all terminals at one structure end |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3420986A (de) |
AT (1) | AT262467B (de) |
DE (1) | DE1565732A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR1501614A (de) |
GB (1) | GB1163109A (de) |
NL (1) | NL6617552A (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4209687A (en) * | 1977-01-27 | 1980-06-24 | Therglas Gmbh Fur Flachenheizung | Laminated transparent pane |
US4687911A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1987-08-18 | Btu Engineering Corporation | Electric furnace heater |
US5224973A (en) * | 1992-04-20 | 1993-07-06 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter cartridge for trap apparatus |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3911761A1 (de) * | 1989-04-11 | 1990-10-18 | Ako Werke Gmbh & Co | Strahlungsheizeinrichtung |
DE9218244U1 (de) * | 1991-11-13 | 1993-09-23 | E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 75038 Oberderdingen | Strahlungs-heizleiter, insbesondere eines elektrischen strahlungsheizkoerpers |
CN104741876B (zh) * | 2015-03-25 | 2017-08-25 | 苏州大学 | 多孔钽工件的纤维编织法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2422477A (en) * | 1944-11-01 | 1947-06-17 | Driver Co Wilbur B | Low-temperature heating element |
US2922867A (en) * | 1958-05-08 | 1960-01-26 | Electrofilm Inc | Conductive surface coverage electrical heating elements |
US3152246A (en) * | 1960-03-24 | 1964-10-06 | Philips Corp | Device for depositing metal layers from vapour in vacuo |
US3178665A (en) * | 1962-08-27 | 1965-04-13 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Electrical heating element |
US3257492A (en) * | 1965-07-15 | 1966-06-21 | Hayes Inc C I | Electric furnace construction |
US3274374A (en) * | 1963-05-07 | 1966-09-20 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Electrical heating elements |
-
1965
- 1965-12-21 AT AT1149365A patent/AT262467B/de active
-
1966
- 1966-11-22 DE DE19661565732 patent/DE1565732A1/de active Pending
- 1966-11-25 FR FR85028A patent/FR1501614A/fr not_active Expired
- 1966-12-14 NL NL6617552A patent/NL6617552A/xx unknown
- 1966-12-19 US US602755A patent/US3420986A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-12-21 GB GB57297/66A patent/GB1163109A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2422477A (en) * | 1944-11-01 | 1947-06-17 | Driver Co Wilbur B | Low-temperature heating element |
US2922867A (en) * | 1958-05-08 | 1960-01-26 | Electrofilm Inc | Conductive surface coverage electrical heating elements |
US3152246A (en) * | 1960-03-24 | 1964-10-06 | Philips Corp | Device for depositing metal layers from vapour in vacuo |
US3178665A (en) * | 1962-08-27 | 1965-04-13 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Electrical heating element |
US3274374A (en) * | 1963-05-07 | 1966-09-20 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Electrical heating elements |
US3257492A (en) * | 1965-07-15 | 1966-06-21 | Hayes Inc C I | Electric furnace construction |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4209687A (en) * | 1977-01-27 | 1980-06-24 | Therglas Gmbh Fur Flachenheizung | Laminated transparent pane |
US4687911A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1987-08-18 | Btu Engineering Corporation | Electric furnace heater |
US5224973A (en) * | 1992-04-20 | 1993-07-06 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter cartridge for trap apparatus |
WO1993020919A1 (en) * | 1992-04-20 | 1993-10-28 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter cartridge for trap apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6617552A (de) | 1967-06-22 |
FR1501614A (fr) | 1967-11-10 |
AT262467B (de) | 1968-06-10 |
DE1565732A1 (de) | 1970-02-26 |
GB1163109A (en) | 1969-09-04 |
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