US3391725A - Process and apparatus for cooling and supporting a continuous casting strand - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for cooling and supporting a continuous casting strand Download PDF

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Publication number
US3391725A
US3391725A US520458A US52045866A US3391725A US 3391725 A US3391725 A US 3391725A US 520458 A US520458 A US 520458A US 52045866 A US52045866 A US 52045866A US 3391725 A US3391725 A US 3391725A
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United States
Prior art keywords
strand
mold
passageway
supporting
section
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US520458A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rossi Irving
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Concast Inc
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Concast Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Concast Inc filed Critical Concast Inc
Priority to US520458A priority Critical patent/US3391725A/en
Priority to CH37167A priority patent/CH444388A/de
Priority to DE19671558185 priority patent/DE1558185A1/de
Priority to FR90945A priority patent/FR1507869A/fr
Priority to GB2061/67A priority patent/GB1155663A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3391725A publication Critical patent/US3391725A/en
Assigned to SMS CONCAST INC. reassignment SMS CONCAST INC. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE ON 08/08/1984 Assignors: CONCAST INCORPORATED
Assigned to SMS CONCAST INC. reassignment SMS CONCAST INC. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CONCAST INCORPORATED
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/143—Plants for continuous casting for horizontal casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B22D11/1284—Horizontal removing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/146—Plants for continuous casting for inclined casting

Definitions

  • a strand of metal having a thin solidified peripheral skin passes through a passageway in which the strand is supported and which first bends the strand more to the horizontal and then straightens the strand while maintaining a temperature of the strand in the passageway such that the thickness of the solidified skin does not increase substantially.
  • the major portion of the solidification of the strand therefore does not occur until after the strand emerges from the passageway in straight condition.
  • This invention relates to continuous casting of steel and pertains more particularly to methods and apparatus for the continuous casting of steel which makes it possible for the major portion of the solidification of the casting to take place while the solidifying strand is being transported in a substantially horizontal direction.
  • the molten metal is poured into an open ended mold.
  • the mold chills the periphery of the metal and solidifies the periphery to define a strand which is withdrawn continuously from the mold while molten metal is poured continuously into the mold at a rate adjusted to equal the withdrawal rate.
  • the strand is cooled as, for example, by water sprays directed on the strand to form a solidified strand.
  • the cooling applied to the strand after it issues from the mold is known in the art as secondary cooling and is sufiicient to complete the solidification of the strand.
  • Horizontal molds have been utilized heretofore for the continuous casting of aluminum in machines in which the molten aluminum is introduced into a horizontal mold through a refractory feed spout which extends through the end wall of the mold.
  • the feed spout is not wet by the molten aluminum and it remains clean as casting proceeds.
  • this type of horizontal mold with a refractory feed spout cannot be employed. It has been found that steel wets the spout and solidifies around the spout. The solidified steel tends to build up a false tube extending the length of the mold, resulting in a breakout of molten metal at the exit end of the mold.
  • the axis of which is sufiiciently inclined to the horizontal to permit pouringof molten metal into the open upper end thereof, it is possible to change the direction of the partially solidified strand to deliver it horizontally to a horizontally disposed secondary cooling zone.
  • molten steel at a temperature of approximately 3000 F. is poured continuously into the upper end of an open ended mold having a mold passage therethrough the axis of which is inclined to the horizontal.
  • the mold lining is preferably made of a metal of high thermal conductivity, such as copper, and the mold is chilled by circulating coolant, such as cold water, therethrough.
  • the mold passage may be of any desired shape in transverse cross section, as for example, circular, square or rectangular.
  • the molten metal in the mold is chilled by withdrawal of heat through the mold walls to form a thin peripheral skin of solidified metal surrounding the molten metal within.
  • the rate of withdrawal of heat is controlled with relation to the casting speed, by regulation of the rate of circulation of the mold coolant, or otherwise, so that the temperature of the exterior surface of the peripheral skin of solidified metal as it emerges from the mold does not exceed 2500" F. and is not less than 2000 F.
  • the emerging partially solidified strand is then conducted through a supporting passageway within which the strand is first bent and then straightened in order to change the direction of movement of the strand as it moves through the passageway so that it may be delivered in straightened condition to a substantially horizontal cooling zone for final cooling and solidification.
  • the said supporting passageway may be formed by a series of members which have surfaces which engage and support the strand, and which are arranged to provide a curved section of the passageway. As the strand enters the curved section, it is bent, and as it leaves the curved section, it is straightened.
  • the said members have provision for circulation of coolant therein. Additionally, such members may have provision for direct application of a small quantity of coolant to the strand through the walls of the passageway in order to lubricate the passageway to facilitate the bending and straightening of the strand and the movement of the strand therethrough.
  • the thin skin of solidified metal which is formed in the mold be maintained in order to prevent remelting by absorption of heat from the molten interior.
  • the thickness of the thin skin should not be increased substantially.
  • the rate of heat withdrawal is controlled by regulation of the rate of circulation of coolant, or otherwise, to maintain the exterior surface of the skin as it emerges from the supporting passageway at a temperature not exceeding 2000 F. and not less than l300 F.
  • the strand While the strand is being conducted through the secondary cooling zone, it is supported and maintained in its straightened condition until solidification is completed.
  • the strand may be supported from below on a series of closely spaced parallel rollers whose axes lie in a common plane. As the strand emerges from the supporting passageway it is received by said rollers, or other supporting structure, on which it may be transported to a cutting station while it is being chilled.
  • the chilling in the secondary cooling zone is by direct application of coolant to the surfaces of the strand, as by water sprays directed against the surfaces.
  • the casting is withdrawn by driven pressure rollers, which advance the entire strand from the casting mold through the supporting passageway and through the secondary cooling zone.
  • the withdrawal rollers may be positioned at the beginning of the secondary cooling, despite the fact that the strand skin is thin at this point.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a continuous casting plant in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectioned side elevation of a portion of the plant of FIG. 1 to enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along lines 3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a mold showing the du-mmy head in place for start of casting.
  • the apparatus comprises an open ended mold 10 into which molten steel is poured continuously from a tundish 12 via a spout 14 entering the open upper end of the mold 10.
  • the mold is water cooled and the interior of the mold is lined with copper face plates 11 which are in engagement with the molten metal and permit rapid withdrawal of heat.
  • the periphery of the molten metal solidifies to for-m a thin peripheral skin 13 defining a strand which is withdrawn continuously from the mold.
  • the mold may be oscillated along the axis thereof as is well known in the continuous casting art.
  • a supporting passageway which is preferably composed of a plurality of section members 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 152 and 15
  • the apparatus illustrated in the drawings is adapted for the casting of slabs 16.
  • Each section of the passageway comprises a top plate 17 and a bottom plate 18 which are mounted and held in spaced relationship by a suitable supporting structure.
  • the plates are hollow and are water cooled by the circulation of cooling water through the hollow cavities 20 via the intake and outlet pipes 21. Provision is also made for applying a small amount of the cooling water directly to the strand through the ports 22 which extend through the slab engaging face of the top and bottom plates.
  • the ports communicate with the cavities of the plates and the pressure therein is regulated so as to discharge water through the ports 22.
  • the water so discharged serves to lubricate the passageway and facilitates the movement of the casting therethrough.
  • sections 15a and 15b of the passageway immediately below the mold are straight, sections 15c, 15d and are curved and section 15 straight.
  • sections 15a and 15b As the strand moves from sections 15a and 15b, it is bent slightly to assume the curvature of section 150 and this curvature is maintained during the movement of the strand through sections 15d and 152 while the direction of movement of the strand is being changed from the direction in which it is initially formed in the mold to a horizontal or substantially horizontal direction. Then, as
  • the first section 15a is preferably straight in order to ensure against the possibility of rupture of the thin skin of solidified material which is formed within the mold and to permit some stabilization of temperature conditions before the strand is bent.
  • the face plates 23 of top and bottom plates of section 15:: are copper plates.
  • the top and bottom plates of sections 15b, c, d, e and f are made of cast iron.
  • section 15b is straight. As the strand is bent by section 150, the strand will apply a reaction force against the side walls of the section immediately preceding section 150. Although in some cases, section 15a could precede section 150, the application of the reaction force against the soft copper plates of section 15a are desirably avoided. For this reason, section 1511, made of cast iron, is provided to take up the reaction forces of bending thereby to ensure that no reaction forces are applied to the soft copper face plates.
  • the radius of curvature of the passageway is preferably maintained sufiiciently large so that as the strand is bent and then straightened, the elongation of the tensioned skin on the outside of the bend is no greater than 1-2 /2%.
  • the radius of curvature of the passageway would preferably be of the order of 33 feet.
  • the chilling of the strand within the section members 15af is controlled so that the temperature of the strand as it emerges fro-m the section 15 does not exceed 2000 F. and is not less than 1300 F.
  • the side walls of the strand may be engaged and supported -by side plates 24 which are similar to the plates 17 and 18, being hollow and water cooled.
  • the curved sections 15c, 15d and 15e it is preferable to support the side walls of the strand by means of a series of beveled rollers 25 mounted for rotation on axes which, if extended, would intersect the center of curvature of the curved sections of the passageway.
  • a series of beveled rollers 25 mounted for rotation on axes which, if extended, would intersect the center of curvature of the curved sections of the passageway.
  • only a single pair of rollers is shown for each section 15c, 15d and 151:, it being understood that additional pairs of rollers may be utilized if desired.
  • the section members are preferably constructed to permit rapid access for repair and replacement as is shown in detail in FIG. 3.
  • the bottom plate 18 is carried in a supporting frame and is provided with internal chambers 20 for coolant flow. Webs or struts 31 provide the desired structural support.
  • the upper plate 17 is carried in a frame 32 which is pivotally coupled to frame 30 by pivot 34 and is closed at the other end by bolt 35 and nut 36.
  • the axles 37 of rollers 25 are carried in frame 38 slidably positioned within frame 30.
  • the rollers are preferably water cooled in conventional manner.
  • the conical shape and inclination of the axis of the rollers in the curved section members 15c-e ensures that the rollers engage the sides of the strand in supporting engagement without scraping the thin strand sides.
  • the radius of curvature of the curved sections can be relatively long so that the strand is only slightly bent.
  • the thin skin of solidified metal may be easily bent and straightened, while being supported within the supporting passageway.
  • the ferrostatic head within the strand can be greatly reduced below that which is common in other forms of continuous casting arrangements.
  • the distance between the level of the molten metal in the mold and the axis of the strand as it leaves section 158 need not exceed five feet.
  • the ferrostatic pressure is only of the order of 12 p.s.i. as compared with the pressures of p.s.i. which are common in vertical continuous casting machines. The lower ferrostatic pressures can be more easily contained within the thin solidified wall and the strand can be bent and straightened with less danger of rupture.
  • the strand As the strand emerges from the section 15f, it is received on a series of idler rollers 40 and driven rollers 42 which are arranged in a substantially horizontal plane and which support the strand while it is conducted through the secondary cooling zone. Within the secondary cooling zone, the strand is subjected to intense cooling by jets 43 or sprays of cooling water applied directly to the surfaces of the strand.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown a tundish 12. to which is coupled the pouring spout 14 to pour the molten steel into the mold 10.
  • a dummy bar is inserted which carries at the end thereof a dummy bar head 56.
  • the dummy bar head is provided with a recess 58 within which molten metal flows and solidifies to secure the end of the strand to the dummy bar head to provide extraction force.
  • the dummy bar head closely matches the dimensions of the strand and is usually sealed with an asbestos gasket 60 such as a gasket formed of asbestos cord wound in the V-shaped depression.
  • Lower arm 62 of the dummy bar head is extended so as to extend beyond and under the exit end of the pouring nozzle 14.
  • the molten metal will impact upon the arm 62.
  • Arm 62 will erode but will protect the face plate 11 of the mold against erosion by the hot molten steel.
  • the molten steel will form a cushion, preventing direct impacting of the steel stream upon the plate and the casting can proceed.
  • it is desirable to introduce a lubricant along the face plates which may be introduced through the pipe 66.
  • Apparatus for the continuous casting of steel comprising an open ended mold having a mold passage extending therethrough, said mold being inclined at an acute angle from the horizontal sufiicient for molten metal to be poured into its open end, means for chilling said mold to form metal therein into a strand having a thin skin of solidified metal, means providing a supporting passageway for said strand through which said strand moves from the mold to a secondary cooling zone, said passageway having a straight section at its entrance end, a straight section at its exit end, and an intermediate curved section therebetween within which said strand bent and then straightened, means for cooling said supporting passageway a controlled amount to maintain said thin skin of solidified metal without any substantial increase in the thickness of the skin as the strand moves through said passageway, and means for Withdrawing said straightened strand from said passageway and transporting it to said secondary cooling zone for completion of the solidification of said strand.
  • said means for Withdrawing the strand from said passageway and transporting it to said secondary cooling zone comprises driven rollers on which said strand is supported, said rollers being at the downstream end of said passageway.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 5 including a dummy bar to be slideably received into the lower end of said mold passage for forming an end of said strand; said dummy bar having an arm projecting therefrom; and said arm, when said dummy bar is in said mold passage, projecting toward the upper end of said mold passage in position to receive the initial impact of molten metal when molten metal is first poured into said mold.
  • Apparatus for the continuous casting of steel comprising: an open-ended mold having a mold passage extending therethrough; means for chilling said mold to form metal therein into a strand having a thin skin of solidified metal; means providing a supporting passageway for said strand through which said strand moves from the mold to a secondary cooling zone; said passageway comprising a plurality of section members including a straight section member at its entrance end, a straight section member at its exit end, and an intermediate curved section member therebetween within which said strand is bent and then straightened, each of said section members having an upper and a lower plate, each of said plates be ing water cooled for maintaining said thin skin of solidi fied metal as the strand moves through said passageway and being provided with means for introducing a water film between the plate and the respective skin wall of said strand, and means for transporting said straightened strand through said secondary cooling zone for completion of the solidification of said strand.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 8 in which said intermediate curved section has a radius of curvature of sufficient length with respect to the thickness of the strand passed therethrough so as to limit the elongation of the strand peripheral wall to not more than 2 /2 10.
  • said curved section member includes at least one roller at each side, the circumferential surfaces of the rollers defining the respective sides of the portion of said passageway through said section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US520458A 1966-01-13 1966-01-13 Process and apparatus for cooling and supporting a continuous casting strand Expired - Lifetime US3391725A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US520458A US3391725A (en) 1966-01-13 1966-01-13 Process and apparatus for cooling and supporting a continuous casting strand
CH37167A CH444388A (de) 1966-01-13 1967-01-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Stahl
DE19671558185 DE1558185A1 (de) 1966-01-13 1967-01-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Stahl
FR90945A FR1507869A (fr) 1966-01-13 1967-01-12 Procédé et dispositif pour la coulée continue d'acier
GB2061/67A GB1155663A (en) 1966-01-13 1967-01-13 Method and Apparatus for the Continuous Casting of Steel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US520458A US3391725A (en) 1966-01-13 1966-01-13 Process and apparatus for cooling and supporting a continuous casting strand

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US3391725A true US3391725A (en) 1968-07-09

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US (1) US3391725A (fr)
CH (1) CH444388A (fr)
DE (1) DE1558185A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR1507869A (fr)
GB (1) GB1155663A (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3512574A (en) * 1966-12-02 1970-05-19 Inland Steel Co Continuous casting process and apparatus
US3623535A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-11-30 Southwire Co High-speed continuous casting method
US3709285A (en) * 1970-09-16 1973-01-09 Olsson E Ag Method and apparatus for guiding a continuous casting strand
US3747667A (en) * 1971-10-18 1973-07-24 G Carle Apparatus for continuous casting of metal strip
US3750743A (en) * 1971-04-05 1973-08-07 Koppers Co Inc Continuous casting mold
US3753459A (en) * 1970-09-04 1973-08-21 Concast Ag Method and apparatus for cooling and guiding strands in continuous casting machines
US3766963A (en) * 1971-04-23 1973-10-23 Innocenti Santeustacchio Spa Continuous casting methods and apparatus
US4088179A (en) * 1975-04-21 1978-05-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Cooling guide system for continuous casting machine
US4709745A (en) * 1984-05-18 1987-12-01 Irving Rossi Process and apparatus for making thin steel slabs
US20040244454A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2004-12-09 U.S. Rollformers Adjustable multi-axial roll former
WO2006040035A1 (fr) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Unilever N.V. Systeme et procede de preparation d'un detergent solide profile

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IN155878B (fr) * 1980-04-02 1985-03-23 Nippon Steel Corp
FR2480156A2 (fr) * 1980-04-15 1981-10-16 Creusot Loire Dispositif de coulee continue de metaux, notamment d'acier

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB601324A (en) * 1944-09-13 1948-05-04 Henry Edward Foster Improvements relating to the casting of metal bars, rods, sheets and the like
US2698467A (en) * 1950-06-05 1955-01-04 Edward W Osann Jr Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal
CA602497A (en) * 1960-07-26 Easton Rufus Flexible segmental starting bar continuous casting machine
FR1353998A (fr) * 1962-06-29 1964-02-28 Demag Ag Installation de coulée continue pour métaux et alliages, avec barre coulée courbe
US3157920A (en) * 1962-04-03 1964-11-24 Concast Ag Continuous casting plant with deflection of the casting
US3290741A (en) * 1960-11-18 1966-12-13 Olsson Erik Allan Methods of bending casting in a continuous casting process
US3319699A (en) * 1965-02-04 1967-05-16 Olsson Erik Allan Apparatus for withdrawing and advancing the casting in a continuous casting machine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA602497A (en) * 1960-07-26 Easton Rufus Flexible segmental starting bar continuous casting machine
GB601324A (en) * 1944-09-13 1948-05-04 Henry Edward Foster Improvements relating to the casting of metal bars, rods, sheets and the like
US2698467A (en) * 1950-06-05 1955-01-04 Edward W Osann Jr Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal
US3290741A (en) * 1960-11-18 1966-12-13 Olsson Erik Allan Methods of bending casting in a continuous casting process
US3157920A (en) * 1962-04-03 1964-11-24 Concast Ag Continuous casting plant with deflection of the casting
FR1353998A (fr) * 1962-06-29 1964-02-28 Demag Ag Installation de coulée continue pour métaux et alliages, avec barre coulée courbe
US3319699A (en) * 1965-02-04 1967-05-16 Olsson Erik Allan Apparatus for withdrawing and advancing the casting in a continuous casting machine

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3512574A (en) * 1966-12-02 1970-05-19 Inland Steel Co Continuous casting process and apparatus
US3623535A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-11-30 Southwire Co High-speed continuous casting method
US3753459A (en) * 1970-09-04 1973-08-21 Concast Ag Method and apparatus for cooling and guiding strands in continuous casting machines
US3709285A (en) * 1970-09-16 1973-01-09 Olsson E Ag Method and apparatus for guiding a continuous casting strand
US3750743A (en) * 1971-04-05 1973-08-07 Koppers Co Inc Continuous casting mold
US3766963A (en) * 1971-04-23 1973-10-23 Innocenti Santeustacchio Spa Continuous casting methods and apparatus
US3747667A (en) * 1971-10-18 1973-07-24 G Carle Apparatus for continuous casting of metal strip
US4088179A (en) * 1975-04-21 1978-05-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Cooling guide system for continuous casting machine
US4709745A (en) * 1984-05-18 1987-12-01 Irving Rossi Process and apparatus for making thin steel slabs
US20040244454A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2004-12-09 U.S. Rollformers Adjustable multi-axial roll former
US20050252265A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-11-17 U.S. Rollformers Adjustable multi-axial roll former
US7096702B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-08-29 U.S. Rollformers Adjustable multi-axial roll former
WO2006040035A1 (fr) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Unilever N.V. Systeme et procede de preparation d'un detergent solide profile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1507869A (fr) 1967-12-29
CH444388A (de) 1967-09-30
DE1558185A1 (de) 1970-03-19
GB1155663A (en) 1969-06-18

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Owner name: SMS CONCAST INC.

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:CONCAST INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:004397/0366

Effective date: 19850312

AS Assignment

Owner name: SMS CONCAST INC.

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:CONCAST INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:004387/0592

Effective date: 19840808