US3365122A - Centrifugal blower - Google Patents
Centrifugal blower Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3365122A US3365122A US524507A US52450766A US3365122A US 3365122 A US3365122 A US 3365122A US 524507 A US524507 A US 524507A US 52450766 A US52450766 A US 52450766A US 3365122 A US3365122 A US 3365122A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- impeller
- chamber
- casing
- blower
- axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
- F04D25/082—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provision for cooling the motor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/70—Shape
Definitions
- a blower including a casing and an impeller providing a central axial intake and a centrifugal discharge, in which the casing defines a convolute flow chamber having a circumferential inlet passage adjacent the impeller periphery to receive fluid discharging therefrom and communicating with the chamber interior, the chamber having an elliptical cross-section which is generally symmetric about its own axes in radial planes passing through the convolute axis, the major axis of the cross-section being parallel to the convolute axis at a small radius end of the chamber and normal to the convolute axis at a large radius end of the chamber.
- the cross-section of the casing progressively shifts in a direction parallel to the convolute axis of the chamber and away from the axial intake as the radius of convolution increases.
- the impeller is driven by a motor secured to a housing which is relatively rotatable with respect to the casing and is located opposite the axial intake so that the motor is at least partially surrounded by the convolute chamber.
- This invention relates to centrifugal fans or blowers, and more particularly to centrifugal blowers often used in applications requiring a blower of minimum weight and dimension and capableof optimum flow delivery.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a highly efiicient centrifugal blower whose flow performance is optimum for its size and-weight.
- Still another object of this invention is to provide a centrifugal fan having smaller dimensions than those of known centrifugal fans having comparable performance.
- FIGURE 1 is a front elevation of a blower in accordance with the invention partially in cross-section;
- FIGURE 2 is a partially cut-away side elevation of the blower of FIGURE 1;
- FIGURE 3 is an elevation of the other side of the FIGURE 1 blower
- FIGURES 4A-4D are a series of cross-sections through the blower casing, taken generally along the lines A-A, BB, CC and D-D of FIGURE 3, respectively;
- FIGURE 5 is a performance graph for a typical blower constructed in accordance with the invention.
- air flow delivery of a centrifugal blower is primarily proportional to the size of the impeller.
- the overall radial dimension cannot be lessened without detracting from its efi'iciency or air flow delivery.
- the radial dimension of the blower is decreased by incorporating a specially designed blower casing with a chamber of elliptical cross-section. Weight and dimension of the blower are further lessened by using a smaller motor which is permitted by virtue of the increased cooling achieved by the construction.
- a further decrease in overall package size is made possible by partially incorporating the motor into the casing. It is, therefore, a combination of the foregoing features (i.e., small size, high capacity, and light weight) for optimum performance that further enables this blower to attain the objects it was designed to meet.
- a blower in accordance with the invention includes an impeller 10 driven by the motor 12 for rotation within a housing, or casing 14.
- This casing 14, which may be fabricated from lightweight polyester resin, is formed with a convolute air chamber 15 of generally elliptical cross-section.
- the interior circumferential portion 17 of the chamber is open to receive the discharge from the periphery of the impeller 10.
- Rotation of the impeller 10 draws air into an inlet opening or duct 16 at the side of the casing 14, the edge 16a of which is contoured to the intake flow, and the blades 10a convert the axial intake to a centrifugal discharge into the open interior portion 17 of the convolute chamber 15.
- the impeller forms a continuous curved passage from the axial intake 16 to the circumferential inlet 17 so that all intake flow to the cornpressor is through the impeller.
- the convolute chamber 15 includes a throat or cutoff 18 at the junction of the diffuser section 19 and the convolute portion of the casing 14.
- the lower edge 18a i.e., the edge toward the direction of impeller rotation
- the edge 18a bridges a pair of consecutive blades 19a, thereby eliminating pulsation and noise which would otherwise be generated by the departure of the air trapped between consecutive blades 10a as they rotate past the throat.
- the cross-sectional area and radius of convolution of the chamber gradually increase (in the direction of impeller rotation).
- the ratio of the dimension a to the dimension 20b of the elliptical cross-section of the chamber gradually increases until at the outlet of the chamber to diffuser section 19, this ratio is greater than 1.
- Another distinctive feature of the casing 14 is the gradual shift of the cross-section of the chamber in the direction of the convolute axis as the radius of convolution changes. Specifically, the convolute chamber progressively shifts away from the axial intake 16 and toward the motor 12 as the radius of convolution increases.
- the normal (vertical) chamber axis 20a continues to move in a direction parallel to the other axis 20b and parallel to the convolute axis so that the chamber crosssection at the diffuser 19 is markedly farther away from the intake 16 and closer to the motor 12.
- a section through the chamber near the small radius end of the convolute, the cross-section is located to be nearer the axial intake 16, with the normal axis 20a located near a corner of the blade 10a closest to the axial intake.
- FIGURES 4B and 4C taken through the chamber 15 at greater radii of convolution the axis 20a is located at an intermediate axial position approaching the middle of the impeller blade tips.
- the axis 20a has shifted to the other side of the center of the blade tips to be at a position away from the intake 16 and closest to the motor 12.
- the inlet 17, on the other hand shifts, relative to the chamber cross-section, toward the axial intake 16 as the radius of convolution increases. Again, this can be seen quickly by comparing the location of the axis 200 relative to the circumferential inlet 17 and blades 10a in FIGURES 4A4C and FIGURE 1.
- the centerline of the flow passage in the casing is caused to shift axially relative to the impeller blades to induce the desired fluid motion while at the same time presenting to the incoming fluid a smooth flow passage transition and preserving the axial compactness of the unit.
- the cross-sectional area is such as to provide optimum air flow characteristics.
- the foregoing configuration combines optimum air fiow characteristics with minimum axial and radial dimensions.
- the motor 12 is illustrated schematically, showing its position relative to the blower.
- the motor includes a stator 21 and a rotor 22 journaled on the shaft 23 by the bearings 24 and 25.
- the motor stator windings 21a and portions of the rotor 22 are exposed to the moving air circulated by the rotating impeller 10 within the casing 14.
- the partial incorporation of the motor 12 into the blower housing 14 serves two purposes. First, a considerable reduction in the axial length of the blower is realized; and second, the transfer of heat away from the windings 21a and the rotor 22 by the cooling elfect of the circulatory air permits the employment of a smaller motor. This latter result, in turn, further diminishes the axial length of the blower assembly and the power requirements.
- the impeller 14 t the rotor 22 Connecting the impeller 14 t the rotor 22 is a generally cylindrical combined rotor end ring and hub 27 of aluminum or other suitable material having a high thermal conductivity.
- the hub 27 is a continuation of the rotor and has a substantial surface 27b in thermal contact with the metal parts of the impeller 10. This construction provides ready transfer of heat from the rotor 22 to the impeller 1%, which because of the large air flow through it, acts as a heat sink.
- a motor housing 30 Supporting the motor shaft 23 and enclosing the outboard or left-hand end of the motor 12 is a motor housing 30 having a flange portion 31 adjacent its inner end.
- the flange 31 is provided with a circumferential groove 32 in its face 33 near its outer perimeter for accepting a cylindrical projection 34 formed on the blower casing 14. This permits the casing 14 to be slidably rotated with respect to the motor housing 30. If the blower is to be supported by fastening the motor housing 30 to an external support (not shown), as, for example, by bolts inserted through the support and the tapped holes 35 at the bottom of the motor housing 30, the casing 14 may be rotated relative to the external support so that the delivered air blast can be directionally changed over 360.
- the clamp includes a plurality of clamping blocks 40 which have an inclined surface 40a at one end adapted for sliding motion along plane surfaces formed on a like plurality of ribs 42 radially disposed on the motor housing 30.
- a tightening screw 44 inserted through a slot 45 in the motor housing engages each clamping block 40. VVnen the screws are tightened, the blocks 40 are drawn toward the screw head, bearing against the inclined plane of the rib 42 and the shoulder 34 to secure the casing to the motor housing.
- a relatively slight loosening of the screws enables the two members to be separated without disassembling the clamp.
- the flange 31 on the motor casing 30 may also be formed with an axial extension 31a to provide a circumferential cavity 50 extending around the motor 12.
- a cavity which does not increase the overall radial dimension of the blower, may be used to house electric-a1 elements, such as the starting capacitor 51 illustrated in an upper portion of the cavity 50, switches, overload relays, etc.
- a suitable press-fitted ring 52 may be provided to seal off the cavity 50.
- the entire unit may be mounted on a supporting surface or bracket with screws engaged in the tapped holes 36 in the housing portion 31a.
- the unit may be secured against a plate or wall having a suitable opening for the discharge end of the diffuser portion 19, the flange 48 thereat being provided with holes 48a for suitable fasteners.
- the outer or left-hand end of the motor housing may be drilled and tapped to accept threaded fasteners for mounting against a panel or bracket.
- a casing for a centrifugal blower said casing formed with a convolute flow chamber of generally elliptical crosssection and having an interior circumferential inlet passage and an outlet for fluid carried therethrough, the ratio of the minor axis dimension to the major axis dimension of said cross-section progressively increasing from a small radius end of the convolute chamber to near the outlet thereof, the major axis being generally parallel to the convolute axis at the small radius end and generally normal to said convolute axis at the outlet, the cross-section of the convolute chamber being substantially symmetric about both the major and minor axes throughout the convolute length thereof.
- a casing adapted to surround the impeller of a centrifugal blower, said casing formed with a convolute flow chamber having an interior circumferential inlet passage adjacent the periphery of the impeller and an outlet for the fluid carried therethrough, the radius of convolution of said chamber about its axis increasing in the direction of rotation of the impeller, said chamber having a generally elliptical cross-section whose major axis is approximately parallel to said axis at the shortest said radius and generally perpendicular to said axis at the longest said radius.
- a centrifugal blower comprising a motor, a rotary impeller driven by the motor, and a casing surrounding said impeller and formed wih a convolute flow chamber having an interior circumferential inlet passage adjacent the periphery of the impeller and an outlet for the air carried therethrough, said chamber further having a generally elliptical cross-section, the radius of convolution and cross-sectional area of said chamber progressively increasing in the direction of air flow therethrough and overlying said motor, said motor being mounted onto the casing to be partially surrounded by the chamber, the circumferential inlet communicating with the interior of the casing to expose the motor to airflow adjacent an interior side of said impeller to cool said motor.
- a centrifugal blower in accordance with claim 4 wherein said motor includes a rotor having a metal core member, and further comprising means connecting said impeller in driven relation to the rotor, said means constructed from a heat-conductive material and contacting the impeller and a substantial portion of an end of said core member for transferring heat away from the motor to the impeller.
- a centrifugal blower in accordance with claim 4 further comprising a motor housing enclosing a portion of and supporting the motor for coaxial mounting to said casing.
- a casing for a blower having an impeller providing a centrifugal discharge said casing formed with a convolute flow chamber having an outlet and an interior circumferential inlet passage surrounding and adjacent to the periphery of the impeller, said casing including a diffuser section at the outlet thereof, the radius of convolution of said chamber about its axis increasing in the direction of impeller rotation, said chamber having a generally elliptical cross-section whose major axis is approximately parallel to said axis in the portion of the casing adjacent the impeller and approximately perpendicular to said axis in the diffuser section.
- a casing as defined in claim 8 in which the crosssection of the casing gradually moves in a direction parallel to the convolute axis, as the radius of convolution increases, away from the axial intake.
- a blower comprising a casing, an impeller including blades providing a central axial intake and a centrifugal discharge, and a motor mounted to the casing opposite the axial intake to rotate the impeller, the casing defining a convolute flow chamber having a circumferential inlet passage adjacent the impeller periphery to receive the centrifugal discharge therefrom, the cross-section of the casing being everywhere substantially symmetric about its axes normal and parallel to the convolute axis and progressively increasing from a small radius end of the chamber to a large radius end, the cross-section of the chamber progressively shifting in a direction parallel to the impeller axis away from the axial intake and toward the motor as the radius of convolution increases.
- a blower comprising a casing and an impeller providing a central axial intake and a centrifugal discharge, the casing defining a convolute flow chamber having an outlet and an interior circumferential passage adjacent the impeller periphery to receive the fluid discharging therefrom, the radius of convolution of the chamber increasing about its axis in the direction of impeller rotation, the chamber having an elliptical cross-section whose major axis is parallel to the convolute axis at the shortest said radius and is normal to said axis at the largest said radius, the casing forming with the impeller a continuous curved inlet duct to provide essentially a single continuous inlet flow passage for converting axial intake flow to centrifugal discharge flow.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US524507A US3365122A (en) | 1966-02-02 | 1966-02-02 | Centrifugal blower |
NL6618302A NL6618302A (fr) | 1966-02-02 | 1966-12-28 | |
GB468/67A GB1151001A (en) | 1966-02-02 | 1967-01-04 | Centrifugal Blowers and Casings therefor. |
FR92252A FR1508819A (fr) | 1966-02-02 | 1967-01-24 | Carter-enveloppe pour soufflante centrifuge |
DE1967R0045168 DE1628361B2 (de) | 1966-02-02 | 1967-01-31 | Zentrifugalgeblaese |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US524507A US3365122A (en) | 1966-02-02 | 1966-02-02 | Centrifugal blower |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3365122A true US3365122A (en) | 1968-01-23 |
Family
ID=24089500
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US524507A Expired - Lifetime US3365122A (en) | 1966-02-02 | 1966-02-02 | Centrifugal blower |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3365122A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE1628361B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR1508819A (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1151001A (fr) |
NL (1) | NL6618302A (fr) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3411707A (en) * | 1967-03-23 | 1968-11-19 | Rotron Mfg Co | Apparatus for preventing gas flow through bearings |
US4128364A (en) * | 1972-11-23 | 1978-12-05 | Papst-Motoren Kg | Radial flow fan with motor cooling and resilient support of rotor shaft |
US4884946A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1989-12-05 | Belanger, Inc. | Blower housing construction |
US5356272A (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1994-10-18 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Fuel supply device and method of assembling same |
US5624229A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1997-04-29 | Man Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft | Spiral housing for a turbomachine |
US6146092A (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2000-11-14 | Ford Motor Company | Centrifugal blower assembly with a diffuser |
US20070041831A1 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-22 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. | Low-noise HVAC blower assembly |
EP1860324A2 (fr) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-28 | Appliances Components Companies S.p.A. | Amélioration d'une pompe à turbine de centrifugeuse hydraulique |
US9433153B2 (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2016-09-06 | Miguel Angel Canales | Apparatus and method for clearing debris |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2678988B1 (fr) * | 1991-07-12 | 1993-11-12 | Ecia | Moto-pulseur d'air a radiateur incorpore. |
US6135731A (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 2000-10-24 | Turbodyne Systems, Inc. | Compact and self-cooling blower assembly |
DE10347302A1 (de) | 2003-10-08 | 2005-05-12 | Siemens Ag | Spiralgehäuse für eine Kreiselpumpe |
CN103398014B (zh) * | 2012-05-10 | 2015-10-21 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | 电力机车辅助滤波柜用风机及电力机车 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2311024A (en) * | 1941-03-08 | 1943-02-16 | Buchi Alfred | Guide apparatus for centrifugal blowers and pumps |
US2486731A (en) * | 1946-05-07 | 1949-11-01 | Buchi Alfred | Gas turbine-driven blower |
FR1003749A (fr) * | 1947-02-20 | 1952-03-21 | Ameliorair S A | Perfectionnements apportés aux turbo-machines telles que ventilateurs et soufflantes |
US2641191A (en) * | 1946-11-12 | 1953-06-09 | Buchi Alfred | Guide means on impeller for centrifugal pumps or blowers |
-
1966
- 1966-02-02 US US524507A patent/US3365122A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-12-28 NL NL6618302A patent/NL6618302A/xx unknown
-
1967
- 1967-01-04 GB GB468/67A patent/GB1151001A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-01-24 FR FR92252A patent/FR1508819A/fr not_active Expired
- 1967-01-31 DE DE1967R0045168 patent/DE1628361B2/de active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2311024A (en) * | 1941-03-08 | 1943-02-16 | Buchi Alfred | Guide apparatus for centrifugal blowers and pumps |
US2486731A (en) * | 1946-05-07 | 1949-11-01 | Buchi Alfred | Gas turbine-driven blower |
US2641191A (en) * | 1946-11-12 | 1953-06-09 | Buchi Alfred | Guide means on impeller for centrifugal pumps or blowers |
FR1003749A (fr) * | 1947-02-20 | 1952-03-21 | Ameliorair S A | Perfectionnements apportés aux turbo-machines telles que ventilateurs et soufflantes |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3411707A (en) * | 1967-03-23 | 1968-11-19 | Rotron Mfg Co | Apparatus for preventing gas flow through bearings |
US4128364A (en) * | 1972-11-23 | 1978-12-05 | Papst-Motoren Kg | Radial flow fan with motor cooling and resilient support of rotor shaft |
US4884946A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1989-12-05 | Belanger, Inc. | Blower housing construction |
US5356272A (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1994-10-18 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Fuel supply device and method of assembling same |
US5624229A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1997-04-29 | Man Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft | Spiral housing for a turbomachine |
US6146092A (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2000-11-14 | Ford Motor Company | Centrifugal blower assembly with a diffuser |
US20070041831A1 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-22 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. | Low-noise HVAC blower assembly |
US7476079B2 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2009-01-13 | Continental Automotive Systems Us, Inc. | Low-noise HVAC blower assembly |
EP1860324A2 (fr) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-28 | Appliances Components Companies S.p.A. | Amélioration d'une pompe à turbine de centrifugeuse hydraulique |
EP1860324A3 (fr) * | 2006-05-24 | 2008-03-05 | Appliances Components Companies S.p.A. | Amélioration d'une pompe à turbine de centrifugeuse hydraulique |
US9433153B2 (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2016-09-06 | Miguel Angel Canales | Apparatus and method for clearing debris |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1628361A1 (de) | 1971-08-19 |
NL6618302A (fr) | 1967-08-03 |
FR1508819A (fr) | 1968-01-05 |
GB1151001A (en) | 1969-05-07 |
DE1628361B2 (de) | 1976-04-15 |
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