US3365075A - Hoisting block apparatus - Google Patents

Hoisting block apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3365075A
US3365075A US595103A US59510366A US3365075A US 3365075 A US3365075 A US 3365075A US 595103 A US595103 A US 595103A US 59510366 A US59510366 A US 59510366A US 3365075 A US3365075 A US 3365075A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cable
hoisting
drum
pawl
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US595103A
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English (en)
Inventor
Adrianus W Van Gils
Willem Josef G Strolenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSP CO Ltd
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BSP CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSP CO Ltd filed Critical BSP CO Ltd
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Publication of US3365075A publication Critical patent/US3365075A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40—Control devices
    • B66D1/48—Control devices automatic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B23/00—Equipment for handling lifeboats or the like
    • B63B23/40—Use of lowering or hoisting gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/02—Devices for facilitating retrieval of floating objects, e.g. for recovering crafts from water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D2700/00—Capstans, winches or hoists
    • B66D2700/01—Winches, capstans or pivots
    • B66D2700/0108—Winches, capstans or pivots with devices for paying out or automatically tightening the cable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S254/00—Implements or apparatus for applying pushing or pulling force
    • Y10S254/90—Cable pulling drum having wave motion responsive actuator for operating drive or rotation retarding means

Definitions

  • a hoisting block apparatus which is to be used with a hoisting crane, particularly for loading and unloading ships and the like, which are likely to move when the sea is not calm, and under conditions where the load is to be transferred between such a ship and a stationary location.
  • a hoisting cable is connected to the hoisting block and interconnects the latter with the crane so that through the hoisting cable the entire hoisting block can be raised and lowered.
  • a rotatable drum is mounted on the block and a load cable is windable on the drum and has one end fixed thereto, While at its free end the load cable has a hook or the like for fastening the load cable to a load.
  • a means coacts with this drum for applying to the latter a constant torque which is just sufficient to maintain the load cable taut, so that there can be no slack in the load cable.
  • a separable and independently controllable pawl means is constructed and arranged to arrest the rotation of the drum during the time that the load hangs on the load cable, and the means which controls the pawl means can be actuated at any desired time.
  • This invention relates to a novel hoisting block apparatus, and more particularly to a pulley block depending from a hoisting cable which moves up and down when in operation, together with accessory apparatus.
  • the invention provides a hoisting block apparatus particularly adapted for use with a crane on a stationary load site or a drilling platform in the loading and unloading of cargo upon a ship at anchor on a body of turbulent water.
  • the cargo hook is not secured directly to the hoisting cable, as is usually the case.
  • the hook is secured to a cargo cable wound about a freely rotatable drum and having one end fixed thereto.
  • Means are provided which exert a moment on this drum in such a direction that it winds the cable around the drum.
  • a pawl is provided for arresting rotation of the drum. The moment which acts on the drum, is smaller than the moment which the cargo exerts on the drum through its connecting cable, but this moment is greater than the moment exerted by the unloaded cargo cable and the load book so that tension is automatically maintained in the cable when the ship rises and the cable tends to slacken.
  • the means providing the moment to the rotatable drum may be in the form of a coiled or windable spring having one end coupled to the drum and the other end coupled to a stationary support. In this manner it is possible to maintain the hoisting cable under constant tension despite the movement of the ship with respect to a stationary platform.
  • the position of the pawl may be sensed in that its upward position away from its corresponding ratchet may be detected when the cable drum is taking up the slack of the cable when the ship rises on a wave crest.
  • a means may also be provided to maintain the pawl against the corresponding ratchel wheel so that the drum will not slip during the time when the ship rises on the wave crest and then suddenly drops into a wave trough.
  • -It is also possible to maintain constant tension in the hoisting cable by providing the drum with a non-linear spring which compensates and corrects for the amount of moment corresponding to the amount of length of cable which is payed out to the ship.
  • a motor drive frictional'ly coupled to the driving axis of the drum is provided along with a corresponding brake disc coupled to the drum to selectively lock the drum from rotation.
  • a constant tensile force in the operation cable may be obtained according to the invention by various means.
  • a weight may be connected to the cable and the movement of the weight with respect to the up and down movement of the ship may be observed or indicated.
  • a cable clamp may be employed for temporarily arresting the movement of the cable during the motion of the ship.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides a means for maintaining a constant tensile force in the hoisting cable connected to the stationary crane and a means for temporarily arresting the cable coupled to the cable winding drum, said means consisting of a slip coupling and a brake acting on this drum.
  • the slip coupling and brake devices may be constructed in all kinds of manners.
  • the pawl may be a slidable or rotatable pawl.
  • the hoisting box may also include a number of pulleys for guiding the hoisting cable to and from the drum in accordance with the upward and downward movement of the ship.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view, partly in section and partly broken away, of an apparatus constructed and arranged according to the invention, one outer plate of the hoisting block being removed to show its interior, the view being taken on the line I-I of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross section of FIG. 1 taken on the line 11-11 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view similar to that shown in FIG. 1 showing a hoisting block having a different type of pawl, the view being taken along the line III-III of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 4 is an elevation of the hoisting block shown in FIG. 3 as viewed from the left of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an upper end of a stationary crane arm 1 having one or more cable wheels 2 for a hoisting cable 3.
  • the hoisting block cornprises two outer plates 4, one of these plates being removed in FIG. 1 to show the interior of the hoisting block. Spacing bolts 5 are shown, which connect the outer plates in four places. Axially connected to the central portion of outer plates 4 is a shaft 6 having a pair of cable pulleys 7 for the hoisting of cable 3.
  • each of pawl plates 8 Slidable between vertical guide flanges 12 fixed to one or both outer plates 4 are a pair of vertical movable pawl supports as slidable pawl plates 8 spaced apart by spacing bolts 10, 10', 10" and 10" and respectively positioned between the outer plates 4 and the cable pulleys 7. See FIG. 2.
  • a vertical aperture 13 in each pawl plate permits it to slide with respect to the shaft 6.
  • At the lower edge of each of pawl plates 8 is a pawl tooth 9' formed by a notched or cutaway portion at the base of said pawl plate.
  • a tensile spring 14 is also provided coupled to plates 8 at one end and an adjustable screw 14 at the other end in order to bias the sliding plates upwardly toward crane arm 1.
  • the spring coupling 14 to plates 8 is made through bolt connection 10' and to screw 14 through spacer bolt 5'.
  • drum 15 Between the outer plates 4 and beneath pawl plates 8 is drum 15 axially mounted on shaft 16 and freely rotatable thereon. Shaft 16 is secured transversely to outer plates 4. At the ends of drum 15 and between outer plates 4 are secured a pair of ratchet wheels 17 adapted to engage pawls 9 of slidable plates 8.
  • hoisting cable 3 extends from a hoisting winch (not shown), and runs around cable wheel 2, thence around cable pulley 7 secured within the hoisting block, and has its end fastened to spacing bolt 10" secured to pawl plates 8.
  • a load cable 18 has one end attached to the load hook 19, is wound around drum 15 and has its other end secured to an eye 21 in ratchet wheel 17.
  • an operating cable has one end also secured to drum 15 at an eye 22 thereof, and extends therefrom around a cable pulley 23. Cable pulley 23 is rotatably on spacing bolt 10" secured to pawl plates 8.
  • operating cable 20 runs around a pulley 24 which is journalled at one end of a vertical arm 33a of a bell crank lever 33 rotatable about a pin 34 secured between outer plates 4. Thence the operating cable passes around a pulley 25 rotatable about a shaft extending between the outer plates 4 inwardly of the pin 34. From the pulley 25, the operating cable extends vertically and over a pulley 26 which is rotatably carried by the crane arm 1. Thence the operating cable 20 extends downwardly at an. angle to a control apparatus for the operating cable.
  • This control apparatus comprises a winding drum 27 upon which cable 20 may be wound.
  • a motor 28 is coupled through slip coupling 29 to drum 27 and may be set to transmit only a predetermined amount of rotational force to drum 27.
  • the apparatus also includes a brake disc 30 for applying a braking force to drum 2'7 and opcrable by a handle 31. In the operation of said apparatus, motor 28 maintains a predetermined tensile force on operating cable 26 by a proper adjustment of slip coupling 29.
  • motor 28 may employ a constant coupling apparatus or device in which slip coupling 29 is thus not necessary.
  • Operating cable 21 which is looped around cable pulley 24, is also shown coupled to an indicating pointer 32 intermediate between a pair of idler pulleys, and the pointer can indicate to the crane operator, the up and down movements of the operating cable during operation of the hoisting winch 27.
  • the horizontal arm 33!: of hell crank lever 33 is inserted into a recess 35 cut into one of the pawl plates 8.
  • the bell crank lever 33 due to the tension in cable 20 acting on the pulley 24 connected to its vertical arm 33a, causes horizontal arm 33b inserted in recess 35, to move both pawl plates 8 in a downward direction.
  • indicator 32 The movement of the ship can be observed by the crane operator from indicator 32. As the ship moves up and down with the cargo coupled to hook 19, indicator 32 will swing to the left and then to the right. The deflection of indicator 32 is a measure of the distance to which hook 19 coupled to the hoisting block moves. The crane operator will have to reel in hoisting cable 3 sufficiently so that indicator 32 swings constantly to the left and to the right. This will indicate that load cable 18 is constantly stretched.
  • the hoisting block When the cargo is transferred from a stationary platform to a ship moving upward and downward in the sea, the hoisting block is positioned so that pawls 9 engage ratchet wheels 17 so as to temporarily arrest the motion of operating cable 20.
  • brake 31 is released when the cargo is suspended from the crane. Pawls 9 remain engaged with ratchet wheels 17 due to the tension force of hoisting cable 3.
  • the cargo is then swung out to a position immediately above the ship and carefully lowered. During this operation, indicator 32 remains pointing in the same direction.
  • pawl plates 8 are drawn up by spring 14 and release drum is free to rotate. Load cable 18 can then once again be wound or unwound upon drum 15 and a constant tensile force can be maintained on operating cable 20.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a pull rope 40 secured to the horizontal arm 33]) of the bell crank lever and hanging downwardly therefrom.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 there is shown a hoisting block having a pair of side plates 4 coupled together by spacing bolts 5 in a manner similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a freely rotatable drum 15 having several turns of load cable 18 wrapped therearound with its end fastened to the drum as at 21.
  • the operating cable 21 is also wound about the drum 15 to which it is secured as at 22.
  • a ratchet wheel 17 adapted to be engaged by pawls 9.
  • a biasing spring 14 coupled to a U-shaped pawl support 41 which carries pawls 9 biases the pawl support and the pawls out of engagement with ratchet wheels 17.
  • This embodiment of the hoisting apparatus differs from the first embodiment in that pawls 9 are integrally part of the U-shaped pawl support and can oscillate about a shaft 42 supported by side plates 4.
  • Biasing spring 14 in this case has one end coupled to a tension adjusting screw 14' secured to through spacing bolt 5'. The other end of spring 14 is coupled through eyelet 43 along a transverse portion of the U-shaped pawl support.
  • a spacing bolt 47 is positioned at the open end of the U-shaped pawl support 41 to stiffen that member without interfering with the other elements of the hoisting block, and for a purpose which will presently appear.
  • two similarly shaped plates 48 are disposed between the outer plates 4 and spaced apart by spacing bolts 50' and 51.
  • the plates 48 are thus held together as a unit.
  • a shaft 49 passes through both similarly shaped plates 48 and to the outer plates 4, by which it is supported.
  • the unit formed by the similarly shaped plates may be oscillated about the shaft 49, and is so formed that it will make contact, upon clockwise oscillation, as viewed in FIG. 3, with the spacing bolt 47 at the open end of the pawl support 41 to turn the latter in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 1, about its shaft 42.
  • the rope 4G is attached to spacing bolt 51 in order to turn the similarly shaped plates 48 in clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 3.
  • Pulleys 52 and 53 are rotatably mounted on the shaft 49 and the spacing bolt 50, respectively; and a guiding pulley 54 is rotatably mounted between the outer plates 4 of the hoisting block above the spacing bolt 47 at the open end of the U-shaped pawl support 41.
  • the operating cable 20 passes from the freely rotating drum 15 to the pulley 53 around which it is looped, thence around the pulley 52, then in contact with the inner side of the guiding pulley 54, from which it passes vertically over the pulley 26 which is rotatably carried by the crane arm 1 (FIG. 1) and thence downwardly at an angle to its control apparatus.
  • tension upon the operating cable 20 causes the spacing bolt 50 to swing the similar plates 48 in a clockwise direction about the shaft 49.
  • the similar plates are positioned so near to the spacing bolt 47 that a slight clockwise movement of these plates will cause them to bear upon this spacing bolt and to rotate the pawl support 41 about the shaft 42 in counterclockwise direction, thereby causing the pawls 9 to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel 17.
  • the tension spring 14 is thereby elongated.
  • the similar plates may clearly be similarly rotated by pulling the rope 40.
  • arcuate plates 55 are shown surrounding a large portion of the perepheries of the ratchet wheels 17. These plates surround the ratchet wheels so closely that the cables 18 and 20 cannot be engaged by the ratchet teeth.
  • a hoisting block apparatus adapted to be raised and lowered from a hoisting crane, comprising a hoisting block, hoisting cable means fastened to said block and adapted to be connected with the crane for hoisting the block upwardly to the crane and lowering the block downwardly away from the crane, a freely rotatable drum rotatably mounted in said block, a load cable windable upon said drum and having one end fixed to said drum,
  • said load cable having a means for fastening the latter to a load, means for applying a constant torque to said drum to wind said load cable thereupon and to apply to said load cable a tension only sufiiciently great to eliminate slack therefrom, separable pawl means constructed and arranged to arrest rotation of said drum and control means coacting with said pawl means for actuating the latter at any desired time to arrest rotation of said drum.
  • a hoisting block apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for applying a constant torque to said drum is an operating cable also windable upon said drum and having one end fixed to said drum, and means operatively connected with the other end of said operating cable for applying a constant tension thereto.
  • a hoisting block apparatus comprising a hoisting block, a freely rotatable drum rotatably mounted in said block, a load cable windable upon said drum and having one end fixed to said drum, means for applying a constant torque to said drum to wind said load cable thereupon, and separable pawl means constructed and arranged to arrest rotation of said drum, said means for applying a constant torque to said drum being an operating cable also windable upon said drum and having one end fixed to said drum, and said separable pawl means comprising a ratchet wheel rotatably mounted in said hoisting block, and a pawl support member mounted for oscillation within said hoisting block, said pawl support member being spring biased with its pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel, and being moved into engagement with said ratchet wheel by tension of said operating cable.
  • a hoisting block for use with a crane having a load cable, said hoisting block comprising a freely rotating drum having the load cable of said crane wrapped therearound, means for providing a constant torque on said drum, and pawl means for arresting the motion of said rum in a direction opposite to the winding up of the load cable, a plurality of pulleys supported transversely in said block, an operating cable being looped around said pulleys, a displacement means, one of said pulleys being coupled to said displacement means, a pawl coupled to said displacement means, a ratchet wheel coupled to said freely rotating drum and adapted to engage said pawl, and spring biasing means maintaining said pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel when the tension in said operating cable decreases to predetermined tension, and means for holding said freely rotating drum when the tension in said operating cable increases, said displacement means urging said pawl against the tension of said spring bias.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
US595103A 1966-02-02 1966-11-17 Hoisting block apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3365075A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6601357A NL6601357A (de) 1966-02-02 1966-02-02

Publications (1)

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US3365075A true US3365075A (en) 1968-01-23

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US595103A Expired - Lifetime US3365075A (en) 1966-02-02 1966-11-17 Hoisting block apparatus

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US (1) US3365075A (de)
DE (1) DE1481879A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1509895A (de)
GB (1) GB1153804A (de)
NL (1) NL6601357A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3967735A (en) * 1974-01-28 1976-07-06 Alexander William Payne Cranes with look independent of sheave block
US4118012A (en) * 1976-02-28 1978-10-03 Ferranti Limited Load transfer
US4324385A (en) * 1977-08-31 1982-04-13 Ateliers Et Chantiers De Bretagne Acb Device for removing and depositing loads between two supports in repeated relative vertical movement
US4724970A (en) * 1985-12-28 1988-02-16 Bomag-Menck Gmbh Compensating device for a crane hook
US20200337921A1 (en) * 2017-10-24 2020-10-29 Roland John Lindqvist A Device For Bearing The Weight Of A Load
US11608251B1 (en) 2021-01-20 2023-03-21 United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa Pneumatically adjustable lifting apparatus
US11713118B1 (en) * 2017-03-06 2023-08-01 Hoverfly Technologies. Inc. Constant tension tether management system for a tethered aircraft

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2670177A (en) * 1951-04-07 1954-02-23 Pearson Herschell Ray Log loading boom

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2670177A (en) * 1951-04-07 1954-02-23 Pearson Herschell Ray Log loading boom

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3967735A (en) * 1974-01-28 1976-07-06 Alexander William Payne Cranes with look independent of sheave block
US4118012A (en) * 1976-02-28 1978-10-03 Ferranti Limited Load transfer
US4324385A (en) * 1977-08-31 1982-04-13 Ateliers Et Chantiers De Bretagne Acb Device for removing and depositing loads between two supports in repeated relative vertical movement
US4724970A (en) * 1985-12-28 1988-02-16 Bomag-Menck Gmbh Compensating device for a crane hook
US11713118B1 (en) * 2017-03-06 2023-08-01 Hoverfly Technologies. Inc. Constant tension tether management system for a tethered aircraft
US20200337921A1 (en) * 2017-10-24 2020-10-29 Roland John Lindqvist A Device For Bearing The Weight Of A Load
US11793701B2 (en) * 2017-10-24 2023-10-24 Roland John Lindqvist Device for bearing the weight of a load
US11608251B1 (en) 2021-01-20 2023-03-21 United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa Pneumatically adjustable lifting apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6601357A (de) 1967-08-03
GB1153804A (en) 1969-05-29
DE1481879A1 (de) 1969-05-08
FR1509895A (fr) 1968-01-12

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