US3345947A - Projectile fuze with anti-sabotage means - Google Patents
Projectile fuze with anti-sabotage means Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3345947A US3345947A US534900A US53490066A US3345947A US 3345947 A US3345947 A US 3345947A US 534900 A US534900 A US 534900A US 53490066 A US53490066 A US 53490066A US 3345947 A US3345947 A US 3345947A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hood
- spring
- rack
- fuse
- members
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
- F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
- F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
- F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
- F41A9/11—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a horizontal plane
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
- F42C15/184—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a slidable carrier
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/02—Fuze bodies; Fuze housings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
- F42C9/02—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means
- F42C9/04—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means by spring motor
- F42C9/041—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means by spring motor the clockwork activating a security device, e.g. for unlocking the firing-pin
- F42C9/043—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means by spring motor the clockwork activating a security device, e.g. for unlocking the firing-pin and the firing-pin being activated by impact
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
- F42C9/02—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means
- F42C9/04—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means by spring motor
- F42C9/048—Unlocking of clockwork mechanisms, e.g. by inertia or centrifugal forces; Means for disconnecting the clockwork mechanism from the setting mechanism
Definitions
- a projectile fuze with an anti-sabotage device operating upon impact having a body and a hood rotatably mounted thereon.
- Trajectory safety means comprising a balance-bar, a spring for actuating the balance-bar and a primer-holder rack cooperating with the spring to control the arming of the fuze.
- Locking means are provided to prevent the operation of the balance-bar before firing.
- Manually operated fire conditioning means include a primer-holder movable between a safety position and at least one operative position. The fire conditioning means control the locking means and a locking member is also provided controlled by the primer-holder rack to immobilize the body relative to the hood if the rack assumes an operative position while the hood and the body are still in a relative safety position.
- the present invention has for object a projectile fuse, of the type operating upon impact and comprising trajectory safety means including a balance-bar actuated by a spring, through the agency of a primer-holder rack, to control the arming of the fuse, locking means to prevent the operation of the balance-arm before firing, and fire conditioning means including a primer-holder movable between a safety position and at least one operative position, these means being actuated by the gunner and controlling the locking means.
- trajectory safety means including a balance-bar actuated by a spring, through the agency of a primer-holder rack, to control the arming of the fuse, locking means to prevent the operation of the balance-arm before firing
- fire conditioning means including a primer-holder movable between a safety position and at least one operative position, these means being actuated by the gunner and controlling the locking means.
- This fuse is characterized in that it comprises an antisabotage device including a locking member controlled by the primer-holder rack, to immobilize one relative to the other the body and the hood of the fuse if the rack assumes the operative position whereas the hood and the body of the fuse are still in a relative safety position.
- FIG. 1 is a view thereof in axial section along 11 of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 2 is a view in cross section along 2--2 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a view in cross section along 33 of FIG. 1 showing the members in the safety position.
- FIG. 4 is a View similar to FIG. 3, but showing the members in the so-called instantaneous position.
- FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3, but showing the members in a so-called delay-action position.
- FIG. 6 is a view in partial section along 66 of FIG. 7 on a larger scale, showing the balance-bar and escapement device.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1, but showing the members in the operating position which they occupy after firing and after arming.
- FIG. 9 is a view in partial section corresponding to FIG. 1, showing certain members in the so-called safety position.
- FIG. 10 is a view in cross section corresponding to FIG. 9 and along llL-IO of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 9, but showing the same members in the so-called delay-action position.
- FIG. 12 is .a view similar to FIG. 10 and corresponding to FIG. 11.
- FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 9, but showing the position occupied by the same members after arming the fuse.
- FIG. 14 is a view similar to FIG. 10, to FIG. 13.
- FIG. 15 is a view similar to FIG. 10, but relating to an alternative form of construction.
- FIG. 16 is a view in axial section of the second embodiment.
- the fuse shown comprises a body 1 on which is rotatably mounted a hood 2 itself provided with a cap 3.
- a seal joint 4 is provided between the body 1 and the hood 2.
- the axial immobilization of the hood relative to the body is effected due to a slit elastic ring 5 disposed in two complementary grooves made the one at 6 in the body 1 and the other opposite at 7 in the hood 2.
- This elastic ring is normally contracted so as to be entirely in the groove 6.
- a pointed screw 8 disposed in a corresponding threaded hole of the hood 2 is provided to separate one from the other the two ends of this ring when one firmly screws the screw 8 in its hole.
- the spacing apart of the ring has for effect to expand the latter and to bring it into the position shown in FIG. 1 (on the right) where it is seen that this ring is partly engaged in the two circular grooves 6 and 7, which prevents any relative axial movement of 1 and 2 while leaving the hood free to rotate relative to the body.
- FIG. 1 When the hood is in the position shown in FIG. 1 which corresponds to FIG. 3, the members are in a socalled safety position, in which the striker 9 is held stationary by a striker bolt 10. Simultaneously, a solid wall of a primer-holder barrel 11 is opposite the striker. On the other hand, in this safety position, a primer-holder rack 12 ensures the interuption, as will be seen later on, of the pyrotechnical chain by means of which firing takes place.
- a radial hole 13 made in the body 1 is opposite to a solid part of the hood 2.
- the ball 15 is partly engaged in a notch 16 of a rod 17 parallel to the axis of the fuse.
- This rod is provided to slide in a conduit 18 made in the frame 19 of a safety device which will be described further on.
- the lower end of this rod 17, which is hollow, is engaged in a socket 20 itself disposed in a housing of the body 1.
- a compression spring 21 is disposed inside the socket 20 and operates upwardly in FIG. 1, on the rod 17. So long as the balls 14 and 15 are in the position shown in FIG. 1, the rod 17 is immobilized. In this safety position, the rod 17 immobilizes the striker bolt 10, that is to say prevents it from rotating about its pivoting axis 22 (FIG. 2).
- a ball 23 is partly engaged in a housing 24 of the lower face of the bolt 10 and partly in a hole 25 parallel to the axis of the fuse and made in the upper part 26 of the frame 19.
- This frame 19, 26 is in two parts for reasons of mounting.
- This ball is held in the position shown in FIG. 1 by a rod 27 disposed in the hole 26 to slide therein. The lower end of this rod abuts against the primer-holder rack 12 when the members are in the position according to FIG. 1.
- a lug 32 is fixed in the body 1 and is opposite a milling 33 made in the hood 2. In the safety position, this lug is between the two ends of the milling whereas in the instantaneous position it abuts one of these ends and in the delay-action position, against the other end.
- the rod 17 Upon firing, through inertia, the rod 17 passes from the position according to FIG. 1 to the position of FIG. ⁇ 3, by compressing its spring 21. As soon as this position is reached, a blade-spring 35 fixed in a manner not shown on a part of the frame of the mechanism slackens and passes from the position according to FIG. 1 to that according to FIG. 8, where its free end places itself opposite the upper end of the rod 17. From this moment, this spring 35 prevents the rod 17 from obeying the actlon of the spring 21. This rod is thus immobilized in the lower position.
- the priming 41 of the latter is in the axis of the fuse and, as from that moment, the different elements of the pyrotechnical chain 30 or 31, 41 and a relay 53 of a detonator 54 (FIG. 8) are in line and firing may occur.
- the rear end 48 of the latter has passed in front of the lower end of the rod 27, so that this rod is no longer blocked in the position according to FIG. 1.
- a torsion spring not shown, acting on the bolt of the striker 10 this bolt starts to rotate, which forces the ball 23 and the rod 27 downwardly since nothing any longer holds back this rod.
- the striker As soon as the bolt of the striker has released the striker, the latter is able to bring about firing at the moment when the projectile meets an obstacle.
- the operation of the striker may be carried out in two ways: either by percussion of the central part 49 of the cap 3 which crashes causing the driving back of the striker downwardly in FIG. 1, or simply by inertia, if the projectile hits an obstacle in a skimming way and in this latter case, at the moment of braking or stopping of the projectile, through inertia, the primer-holder barrel 11 is projected forwards and the priming 30 or 31 which is in the axial position strikes the point of the striker. At 50 is seen the spring which normally maintains the striker in the rest position.
- trajectory safety means including a balance-bar actuated by a spring and regulating the speed of radial movement of a primerholder rack, this adjustment being effected through the agency of an escapement.
- These trajectory safety means moreover comprise first locking means (rod 17) to prevent on the one hand the operation of the balance-bar before firing and on the other hand the movement of the striker bolt. Additional locking means shown by the rod 27 and the ball 25 are provided so as completely to release the striker only after a certain movement of the rack.
- the spring 39 for actuating the balance-bar is a flexion spring of general V-shape with unequal legs open in the free position and which are brought to close at least partly when tensioned. Calculation and experience show that such a spring has, as compared with the usual coil spring, the advantage of much less bulkiness, the force being the same. It will be noted, in considering FIG. 9 to 14, that the spring 39 is disposed between two members (12 and 2) movable one relative to the other during the work conditioning operation which consists in rotating the hood relative to the body 1 and that the members are shaped, as already seen, to cause tensioning of this spring during this operation. The spring is therefore in the free state so long as the fuse is stocked and can therefore not sustain any fatigue.
- the embodiment described comprises so-called antisabotage means.
- sabotage is to be understood a fuse rendered voluntarily dangerous either during manipulations of the fuse, or during its transport, or again when the shot is fired, without anything being visible from the outside of the fuse.
- the sabotage will consist in bringing about surreptitiously the arrival of the primer-holder rack 12 in the position corresponding to the arming of the fuse, that is to say in the position shown in FIG. 13, and for which the elements of the pyrotechnical chain are all in line, of course without rotating the hood 2 relative to the body 1, thus apparently leaving the members visible from the exterior in the safety position.
- the anti-sabotage means here provided consist of a pin 58 in the right hand end in FIG.
- a compression spring 59 disposed in a hole of this rack constantly urges the pin 58 to project outwardly of this rack as is seen in FIG. 1.
- a hole 60 is provided in the part of the body 1 which is opposite the pin 58 when the fuse members are in the safety position. This hole 60 has a diameter just sufiicient to allow the pin 58 to pass therethrough.
- the hood 2 of the fuse extends lower than the spot where the hole 60 is to be found and it presents opposite this hole (always when the members are in the safety position) a radial hole 61 having a thread 51 in which is screwed a plug 52. If by a Sabotage operation, someone succeeds in causing movement of the rack 12 to the right in FIG. 1 without rotating the hood 2 relative to the body 1, the result will be that the pin 58 the existence of which is supposed to be ignored by the saboteur, passes through the hole 60 and engages partly in the hole 61. From this moment, the hood 2 is completely immobilized relative to the body 1 and it is no longer possible for the gunner to act on this hood so as to bring the members into the fire preparation position. His attention is thus drawn to the fact that something is not in order and the fuse is put aside.
- the hood 2 does not extend as low down as in the first example and it does not reach the level of the plane in which moves the rack 12.
- a member carried by this rack such as the pin 58, cannot therefore cooperate directly with the hood 2.
- this pin 58 there is provided a conical head 67 opposite to which is formed a radial hole 68 in the body 1. This hole is closed on the outside by a threaded plug 69.
- a dog 70 urged by a spring 71 is disposed in an oblique hole 72 of the body 1. The lower end of this dog projects at the entrance of the hole 68 on the inner sides so as to be in the trajectory of the conical head 67.
- the opposite end of the dog 70 is provided to penetrate into a notch 73 of the hood when the head 67 acts on the dog 70 to move it obliquely and upwardly in FIG. 16.
- the arrival of the dog 70 in the notch 73 ensures the immobilization of the hood 2 relative to the body 1 under the conditions which have been explained in detail in respect of the first embodiment.
- notches such as 53 must be made in the hood 2, not only at the point opposite to 70 in the safety position, but also at the points opposite to 70 in the position of instantaneous operation and in the position of delay-action.
- the V-shaped spring is replaced by a spiral compression spring 74 disposed in a housing for a threaded plug 75. Apart from this, this fuse is the same as the one already described.
- Projectile f uze with anti-sabotage device operating upon impact comprising a body, a hood rotatably mounted on said body, trajectory safety means comprising a balance-bar, a spring for actuating said balance-bar, a primerholder rack cooperating with said spring to control the arming of the fuze, locking means to prevent the operation of said balance-bar before firing, manually operated fire conditioning means including a primer-holder movable between a safety position and at least one operative position, said fire conditioning means controlling said locking means and a locking member controlled by said primer-holder rack to immobilize said body relative to said hood if said rack assumes the operative position while said hood and said body are still in a relative safety position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH382165A CH419910A (fr) | 1965-03-18 | 1965-03-18 | Fusée de projectile |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3345947A true US3345947A (en) | 1967-10-10 |
Family
ID=4264185
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US534900A Expired - Lifetime US3345947A (en) | 1965-03-18 | 1966-03-16 | Projectile fuze with anti-sabotage means |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3345947A (de) |
BE (1) | BE677954A (de) |
CH (1) | CH419910A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1578480A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1110686A (de) |
IL (1) | IL25402A (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3453892A (en) * | 1966-04-15 | 1969-07-08 | Avco Corp | Spin time recorder |
US3908553A (en) * | 1969-09-03 | 1975-09-30 | Us Navy | Anti-recovery device disarming mechanism |
US3978798A (en) * | 1973-11-09 | 1976-09-07 | Kaj Backstrom | Fuze mechanism having integrated safety functions |
US4230042A (en) * | 1978-07-26 | 1980-10-28 | Dragolyoub Popovitch | Point-detonating impact fuze |
US4699057A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-10-13 | Esperanza Y Cia., S.A. | Mortar shell time fuse |
US4798139A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1989-01-17 | Frazer-Nash Limited | Solenoid-operated devices |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2863393A (en) * | 1955-06-09 | 1958-12-09 | Eugene N Sheeley | Safety and arming mechanism |
US3148621A (en) * | 1958-06-14 | 1964-09-15 | Industrial Holding Ets | Projectile fuze |
-
1965
- 1965-03-18 CH CH382165A patent/CH419910A/fr unknown
-
1966
- 1966-03-16 IL IL25402A patent/IL25402A/xx unknown
- 1966-03-16 GB GB11609/66A patent/GB1110686A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-03-16 DE DE19661578480 patent/DE1578480A1/de active Pending
- 1966-03-16 US US534900A patent/US3345947A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-03-16 BE BE677954D patent/BE677954A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2863393A (en) * | 1955-06-09 | 1958-12-09 | Eugene N Sheeley | Safety and arming mechanism |
US3148621A (en) * | 1958-06-14 | 1964-09-15 | Industrial Holding Ets | Projectile fuze |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3453892A (en) * | 1966-04-15 | 1969-07-08 | Avco Corp | Spin time recorder |
US3908553A (en) * | 1969-09-03 | 1975-09-30 | Us Navy | Anti-recovery device disarming mechanism |
US3978798A (en) * | 1973-11-09 | 1976-09-07 | Kaj Backstrom | Fuze mechanism having integrated safety functions |
US4230042A (en) * | 1978-07-26 | 1980-10-28 | Dragolyoub Popovitch | Point-detonating impact fuze |
US4798139A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1989-01-17 | Frazer-Nash Limited | Solenoid-operated devices |
US4699057A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-10-13 | Esperanza Y Cia., S.A. | Mortar shell time fuse |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1110686A (en) | 1968-04-24 |
IL25402A (en) | 1970-07-19 |
CH419910A (fr) | 1966-08-31 |
BE677954A (de) | 1966-09-01 |
DE1578480A1 (de) | 1970-02-05 |
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