US3312415A - Means for controlling the tension of a web - Google Patents

Means for controlling the tension of a web Download PDF

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Publication number
US3312415A
US3312415A US436803A US43680365A US3312415A US 3312415 A US3312415 A US 3312415A US 436803 A US436803 A US 436803A US 43680365 A US43680365 A US 43680365A US 3312415 A US3312415 A US 3312415A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
web
tension
pressure
fluid
bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US436803A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jeans Michael Anthony
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALLIED TRADES RES ASS
ALLIED TRADES RESEARCH ASSOCIATION
PRINTING
Original Assignee
ALLIED TRADES RES ASS
PRINTING
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Publication of US3312415A publication Critical patent/US3312415A/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
    • G01L5/08—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using fluid means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B41/00—Supplying or feeding container-forming sheets or wrapping material
    • B65B41/12—Feeding webs from rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
    • B65H23/04—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
    • B65H23/044—Sensing web tension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
    • B65H23/04—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
    • B65H23/06—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by retarding devices, e.g. acting on web-roll spindle
    • B65H23/063—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by retarding devices, e.g. acting on web-roll spindle and controlling web tension
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/36—Guiding mechanisms
    • D21F1/365—Guiding mechanisms for controlling the lateral position of the screen

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a tension sensing device whereby variations in the tension of a travelling web may be detected, and to a method of controlling the tension of a travelling web using such a tension sensing device.
  • Known methods of web tension controlling include the use of a dancing roller, which is resiliently mounted on sprung bearings and around which passes the tensioned web. Variations in the web tension cause variations in the force acting on the springs fixed to the bearings and consequent variations in the position of the dancing roller.
  • Such a tension regulating device is perated by means controlled by the variations in the position of the dancing roller.
  • Such apparatus provides an appreciable frictional resistance to the passage of the web, and has the further disadvantage that the speed of response to rapid variations in the web tension is limited by the inertia of the roller.
  • a tension sensing device comprises a fixed shaft or bar, round which a travelling web is guided, formed with an opening in its surface, said opening communicating with a source of fluid under pressure through one or more restricted passages situated within said shaft or bar closely adjacent to said opening and adapted to provide a fluid cushion between the web and the shaft or bar, thereby holding the web away from the surface, and pressure detecting means in communication with means being a part of the fluid cushion.
  • Two or more openings may be provided in the surface of the shaft or bar, each of said openings being connected to the source of pressure fluid by restricted passages.
  • each opening may be connected directly to the pressure detecting means; alternatively one or more separate apertures may be connected to the pressure detecting means, and be situated in the shaft or bar surface so as to communicate with the fluid cushion.
  • a method for controlling the tension of a travelling we-b includes subjecting the travelling web to the action of pressure fluid, so that variations in tension in said web cause variations in the pressure of said fluid, which pressure variations cause in turn variations in the speed of travel of, and hence tension in, said web.
  • the pressure detecting means may comprise a slide valve operated by the pressure of the fluid cushion acting against the thrust of an adjustable reference spring.
  • the tension regulating means may comprise a shoe brake adapted to inhibit movement of a roll from which the web material is unwound.
  • the tension regulating means may comprise a motor controlled by the pressure detecting means and adapted to drive the travel ling web itself or the roller on which the web material is wound.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a tension sensing means for use in the feed of a web of material, e.g., paper, and
  • FIGURE 2 shows a modified form of the shaft or bar.
  • a web 1 of paper, sheet metal, textile or similar material is led around a fixed shaft or bar 2 from a reel 3, supported by a spindle 4 on a bracket 5.
  • the fixed shaft or bar 2 is formed with a central duct 6 which is connected via an external pipe 7 to a source of fluid under pressure (not shown).
  • the duct 6 communicates through one or more restricted passageways 8, with a chamber 9 running along the shaft or bar.
  • the chamber 9 communicates with an opening in the form of a shallow recess 10 formed in the surface of the shaft or bar 2, and extending over a part of that portion thereof over which the web 1 is trained.
  • the chamber 9 also communicates directly with a further duct 11 formed in the bar 2.
  • a pipe 12 connected to the duct 11 couples the tension sensing means described above to a pressure detecting device, which has the form of a slide valve.
  • This valve comprises a cylindrical tube 13 formed with five equally spaced annular grooves 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and 142 in its inner surface, inside which tube a rod 15 formed with four equally spaced lands 16 is a tight sliding fit.
  • the lands 16 are so arranged that at any time two pairs of adjacent grooves are in communication with each other.
  • the pipe 12 is connected to one end of the tube 13, and a plunger 17 is slidable in the valve tube 13, and is connected, through a ball joint 18, to the end of the rod 15 adjacent the tube end connected to the pipe 12.
  • the central annular groove is connected by a flow line 24 to a second source of fluid under pressure (not shown), and the two outermost grooves 14a and 14e are connected by a line 25 to exhaust.
  • the two remaining grooves 14b and 14d are connected by lines 26 and 27 respectively to opposite ends of a cylinder 28, in which slides a piston 29.
  • the piston 29 controls means for regulating tension in the web 1.
  • the piston 29 operates a shoe brake 30, which is arranged to act against an annulus 31 rotating with the reel 3, by means of levers 32.
  • the web 1 When the apparatus is in operation, the web 1 is drawn from the reel 3, round the stationary shaft or bar 2.
  • the pipe 7 is connected to a source O f fluid under pressure, and this fluid flows at an approximately constant rate through the restrictions 8.
  • the fluid then flows out between the web 1 and the shaft or bar 2, so that a fluid cushion is formed therebetween as indicated by the arrows 33.
  • the frictional drag on the web is thus minimised.
  • the thickness of the fluid cushion between the web and the bar is very narrow, being normally of the.
  • the tension sensing device thus converts variations in the web tension into pressure variations in the fluid, while offering the minimum frictional resistance to the passage of the web.
  • a drop in the web tension leads to a drop in the fluid pressure in the pipe 12, causing-the valve to slide to the left, as shown in the drawing, so that the grooves 141) and 14c communicate with each other, as do the grooves 14d and 142.
  • This movement of the valve increases the pressure in the line 26' which is placed in communication with the inlet 24 while the line 27 is connected to exhaust 25.
  • the piston 29 moves upwardly as shown in the drawing, causing the shoe brake 30 to be applied, thus retarding the web, and tending to increase its tension.
  • the spring 21 may be adjusted by the screw head 23, and thus the tension in the web may be controlled.
  • this method of tension control has a much (faster response to sudden changes of the tension than previously used methods thus minimising the risk of breaks in the web. Also there is only a very small frictional resistance to the passage of the web round the bar, this resistance being much less thanvwould result from the $1158 of any form of roller.
  • any suitable fluid may be used, in particular, such a fluid as a light low viscosity oil.
  • the apparatus may be modified in manyrespects, though the principle of the method of tension control remains unchanged.
  • the shoe brake may be replaced by, rfor example, an electric or hydraulic motor driving the reel 3, or directly driving the web 1, and with its speed regulated by meansconnected to and operated by the valve 13.
  • a slide valve instead of using a slide valve to detect the pressure variations in the pipe 12, this could be done by any other known means, such as by using a diaphragm with a sensing system attached thereto.
  • the tension sensing device itself may be modified from the form shown in FIG. 1 and described above. In one modified form, two chambers each connected 'by a restriction 8 to the central duct 6, can be used symmetrically disposed, so that the web travels past the opening of each.
  • the pipe 12 then is connected to an opening along the length of the bar 2, between the openings of the chambers 9.
  • the fluid cushion provided between the travelling web and the surface of the shaft or bar in accordance with the present invention may if desired be generated by means of an insertion of a porous material fitted in the shaft or bar and affording the restricted passages and openings in its surface referred to earlier.
  • the porous material may be sintered bronze or another sintered metal, :for example. This measure gives more even air distribution and more uniform pressure over the main portion of the Web, and is particularly advantageous when the web being supported is easily flexible, as a paper web would be.
  • FIG. 2 The use of a porous material insertion, which may be a sintered metal, is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • a web 51 is led around a fixed shaft or bar 52 from a reel not shown in this figure.
  • the shaft or bar 52 has a duct 56 which is connected by a pipe 57 to a source of fluid under pressure (not shown) and which in turn leads the fluid under pressure to the porous-material insertion 58.
  • the latter affords restricted passages and openings through which the fluid under pressure passes to generate a fluid cushion as indicated by the arrows 59.
  • FIG. 2 also illustrates the use of a diaphragm to afford the pressure detecting means.
  • the diaphragm is shown in FIG. 2 at 60 and is mounted at the constricted end 61 of a constant-pressure fluid supply pipe 62, which is also constricted at 63, bridging a gap in the porousmaterial insertion 58.
  • the diaphragm 60 is thus exposed to the pressure of the fluid cushion 59 onits outer side.
  • a tension sensing device which comprises a fixed elongated body, round which a travelling web is guided, formed with an opening in its surface, said opening communicating with a source of fluid under pressure through at least one restricted passage situated within said elongated body closely adjacent to said opening and being adapted to provide a fluid cushion between the web and the surface of the elongated body, thereby holding the web away from the surface, and pressure detecting means in communication with means being a part of the fluid cushion.
  • a device in which at least two openings are provided in the elongated body, each of said openings being connected to the source of pressure fluid by a restricted passage.
  • a device in which the elongated body has within it an insertion of a porous material and this insertion affords the said restricted passages and openings.
  • a device in which the opening is connected to the pressure detecting means.
  • a device having at least one aperture separate from the said openings, connected to the pressure detecting means and situated in the elongated body surface so as to communicate with the fluid cushion.
  • a device in which the pressure detecting means controls means for regulating the tension in the travelling web.
  • a device in combination with a rotatable webyroll from which said web is unwound and travels to said elongated body, and in which said regulating means comprise a shoe brake adapted to inhibit rotation of said roll.
  • the pressure detecting means comprise a diaphragm With a sensing system attached thereto, the pressure prevailing at one of the faces of the diaphragm being the pressure of the fluid cushinn.
  • a device in which said opening is in the form of a shallow recess formed in the surface of said elongated body and extends over a part of References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,079,268 5/1937 Wiedmann 24275.53 2,755,032 7/1956 Justus 242-75.43 2,908,290 10/1959 Hamilton-Peters 251118 X FRANK J. COHEN, Primary Examiner.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
US436803A 1964-03-09 1965-03-03 Means for controlling the tension of a web Expired - Lifetime US3312415A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9837/64A GB1032074A (en) 1964-03-09 1964-03-09 Means for controlling the tension of a web

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US3312415A true US3312415A (en) 1967-04-04

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DE (1) DE1241642B (de)
GB (1) GB1032074A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3782653A (en) * 1971-03-20 1974-01-01 Masson Scott Thrissell Eng Ltd Web tension control apparatus
US3785581A (en) * 1969-02-28 1974-01-15 Elitex Z Textil Strojirenstvi Winding stop motion for textile winding machines
US3861207A (en) * 1973-12-20 1975-01-21 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for measuring web tension
JPS5414060A (en) * 1977-07-02 1979-02-01 Chugai Ro Kogyo Kaisha Ltd Method of adjusting tension of web in loop type dryer
EP0001605A1 (de) * 1977-10-20 1979-05-02 Agfa-Gevaert AG Vorrichtung zum Wickeln eines Filmwickels
US4301687A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-11-24 Computer Peripherals, Inc. Pneumatic tension sensor
WO1981003480A1 (en) * 1980-06-07 1981-12-10 Kampf Maschf Erwin Unwinding device for sheet bands,particularly plastic sheets
DE3114056A1 (de) * 1980-05-09 1982-03-04 W.R. Grace & Co., 10036 New York, N.Y. Vorrichtung zur einhaltung eines konstanten bahnabstandes bei einer beruehrungslosen bahnfuehrungseinrichtung sowie diesbezuegliche verfahren
US20040251370A1 (en) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-16 Solberg Bruce Jerome Method and apparatus for unwinding a roll of web material
US20120073249A1 (en) * 2010-08-20 2012-03-29 Pryor Glen F Interleaver System For High Speed Slicing Machine
CN103964019A (zh) * 2014-04-17 2014-08-06 赵咪咪 一种茶袋包装机的料带引导调节装置
WO2024129422A1 (en) * 2022-12-12 2024-06-20 Ranpak Corp. Brake system and method for a dunnage conversion machine

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4124156A (en) * 1977-06-22 1978-11-07 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Feedback enhanced web feeding apparatus
US4391127A (en) * 1981-03-20 1983-07-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Proximity sensor
US4842177A (en) * 1983-12-02 1989-06-27 International Business Machines Corporation Air bearing tape support for guiding tape and sensing tape tension
DE4428078A1 (de) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-15 Froehling Josef Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Messen von Bandspannungen
CN107539816B (zh) * 2017-07-04 2019-06-21 芜湖市亿仑电子有限公司 一种金属化薄膜自动输送夹紧装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2079268A (en) * 1935-04-20 1937-05-04 Oilgear Co Hydraulic transmission
US2755032A (en) * 1951-12-17 1956-07-17 Beloit Iron Works Tension regulator and guide and control means therefor
US2908290A (en) * 1955-02-17 1959-10-13 Distillers Co Yeast Ltd Shut-off valve

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB946342A (en) * 1961-06-07 1964-01-08 British Cellophane Ltd Improvements in or relating to web tension measuring devices

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2079268A (en) * 1935-04-20 1937-05-04 Oilgear Co Hydraulic transmission
US2755032A (en) * 1951-12-17 1956-07-17 Beloit Iron Works Tension regulator and guide and control means therefor
US2908290A (en) * 1955-02-17 1959-10-13 Distillers Co Yeast Ltd Shut-off valve

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3785581A (en) * 1969-02-28 1974-01-15 Elitex Z Textil Strojirenstvi Winding stop motion for textile winding machines
US3782653A (en) * 1971-03-20 1974-01-01 Masson Scott Thrissell Eng Ltd Web tension control apparatus
US3861207A (en) * 1973-12-20 1975-01-21 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for measuring web tension
JPS5414060A (en) * 1977-07-02 1979-02-01 Chugai Ro Kogyo Kaisha Ltd Method of adjusting tension of web in loop type dryer
JPS5632545B2 (de) * 1977-07-02 1981-07-28
EP0001605A1 (de) * 1977-10-20 1979-05-02 Agfa-Gevaert AG Vorrichtung zum Wickeln eines Filmwickels
DE3114056A1 (de) * 1980-05-09 1982-03-04 W.R. Grace & Co., 10036 New York, N.Y. Vorrichtung zur einhaltung eines konstanten bahnabstandes bei einer beruehrungslosen bahnfuehrungseinrichtung sowie diesbezuegliche verfahren
US4301687A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-11-24 Computer Peripherals, Inc. Pneumatic tension sensor
US4461432A (en) * 1980-06-07 1984-07-24 Erwin Kampf Gmbh & Co. Maschinenfabrik Unwinding apparatus for webs of material, in particular plastic films
JPS57500781A (de) * 1980-06-07 1982-05-06
WO1981003480A1 (en) * 1980-06-07 1981-12-10 Kampf Maschf Erwin Unwinding device for sheet bands,particularly plastic sheets
US20040251370A1 (en) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-16 Solberg Bruce Jerome Method and apparatus for unwinding a roll of web material
WO2004113212A1 (en) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for unwinding a roll of web material
US8413920B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2013-04-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for unwinding a roll of web material
US20120073249A1 (en) * 2010-08-20 2012-03-29 Pryor Glen F Interleaver System For High Speed Slicing Machine
US9044872B2 (en) * 2010-08-20 2015-06-02 Formax, Inc. Interleaver system for high speed slicing machine
US10124506B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2018-11-13 Formax, Inc. Interleaver system for high speed slicing machine
US10780603B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2020-09-22 Provisur Technologies, Inc. Interleaver system for high speed slicing machine having brake for web supply
CN103964019A (zh) * 2014-04-17 2014-08-06 赵咪咪 一种茶袋包装机的料带引导调节装置
WO2024129422A1 (en) * 2022-12-12 2024-06-20 Ranpak Corp. Brake system and method for a dunnage conversion machine

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Publication number Publication date
GB1032074A (en) 1966-06-08
DE1241642B (de) 1967-06-01

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