US3304134A - Crankshaft supporting arrangement for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Crankshaft supporting arrangement for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3304134A
US3304134A US370312A US37031264A US3304134A US 3304134 A US3304134 A US 3304134A US 370312 A US370312 A US 370312A US 37031264 A US37031264 A US 37031264A US 3304134 A US3304134 A US 3304134A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cap
crankshaft
side walls
web
block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US370312A
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English (en)
Inventor
Donald C Allen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
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Motors Liquidation Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motors Liquidation Co filed Critical Motors Liquidation Co
Priority to US370312A priority Critical patent/US3304134A/en
Priority to GB20226/65A priority patent/GB1033755A/en
Priority to DEG43655A priority patent/DE1292941B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3304134A publication Critical patent/US3304134A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F16C9/02—Crankshaft bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0436—Iron

Definitions

  • the invention contemplates an improved crankshaft supporting arrangement including a resilient bridge member which is effective to reduce the cyclic stresses at the main bearing seat area by transferring a substantial portion of tensile loads normally imposed by the main bearing cap retaining means from the bearing seat area to the adjacent side Walls of the cylinder block.
  • the invention thereby permits the reduction of main bearing web size from what would otherwise be required for a given main bearing load or, alternatively, the substitution of lower strength materials in the bearing web may be permitted without substantially changing the engine design.
  • such an arrangement has made possible substitution of aluminum as the cylinder block material in place of cast iron without a reduction in the engine rated output where such a reduction would have otherwise been required.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view partially in crosssection of an engine embodying the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view of the engine of FIGURE 1 taken generally along the plane indicated at 2-2.
  • FIG- URE 1 an engine generally indicated by numeral 10 having a cylinder block 12, the lower portion of which defines a crankcase cavity 14 in which is rotatably carried a crankshaft 16.
  • the crankshaft includes a plurality of main journals 18 longitudinally spaced along its length, between which are located eccentric throws 20, carrying the lower ends of connecting rods 22.
  • the connecting rods are connected at their upper ends with the usual pistons (not shown) which are reciprocable in their respective cylinders (not shown) of the cylinder block 12.
  • the lower portion of cylinder block 12 includes two longitudinally extending spaced side walls which partially define crankcase cavity 14.
  • a web or bulkhead 32 Extending transversely across the crankcase cavity 14 and in lateral alignment with each crankshaft journal 18 is a web or bulkhead 32 which connects with opposite side walls 30 and may be integrally formed therewith.
  • a semi cylindrical bearing recess 34 Centrally located at the lower edge of each web 32 is a semi cylindrical bearing recess 34 which is adapted to receive the upper of a pair of main bearing shells '36 and 38 in which the respective crankshaft journal 18 is retained.
  • bearing recess 34 Adjacent each side of bearing recess 34 is a horizontal machined face 40 against which the legs of a main bearing cap 42 are retained, thereby securing lower bearing shell 38 in place beneath journal 18.
  • Bearing cap 42 may additionally be provided with vertical shoulders 44 which are attached to fit closely between complementary vertical shoulders 46 formed in web 32 which serves to transversely position the bearing cap with respect to cylinder block 12.
  • a pair of drilled holes 48 are provided, one extending through each leg of main bearing cap 42, and are adapted to receive securing means such as studs ice 50 which are threaded into complementary tapped holes 52 in web 32.
  • main bearing cap 42 In conventional engine construction, nuts would be placed on the outer ends of studs 50 in engagement with main bearing cap 42 thereby directly securing the cap to web 32. As a consequence, the combustion and reciprocating forces carried by main bearing cap 42 would be transferred entirely to studs 50, requiring the metal surrounding tapped holes 52 to absorb relatively high tensile stresses While the metal immediately therebelow adjacent surface 40 is exposed to high compressive stresses. In order to withstand these stresses, in what may be termed the main bearing seat area, a relatively sturdy web construction is called for and a relatively high strength material, such as cast iron, is commonly used.
  • This member comprises a resilient metal beam which is arranged to extend underneath bearing cap 42 and outwardly into overlapping spaced relation with the adjacent lower faces 62 of side walls 30.
  • Projecting bosses 64 are provided which engage laterally spaced seats 66 formed on the lower faces of bearing cap 42 surrounding holes 48, and complementary holes 68 are drilled through support 60 to receive the ends of studs 50.
  • Member 60 is retained in engagement with bearing cap 42 by the application of nuts 70 to the ends of studs 50 and this construction thereby retains bearing cap 42 against web 32.
  • the outer ends 72 of support 60 include finished surfaces 74 which are adapted to engage lower faces 62 of the respective side walls 30. Furthermore, ends 72 are provided with drilled holes 76 through which additional stud members 78 extend from complementary recessed tapped holes 80 located in the side walls 30 of cylinder block 12.. The depth of recessed holes 80 is completely a function of the engine structure, the threaded portion of the holes being located at a point in the side walls at which maximum stress concentration will be acceptable. Nuts 82 are provided at the outer ends of studs 78 to force support ends 72 toward side walls 30.
  • the construction of the bridge support 69 is such that before nuts 82 are tightened, a predetermined clearance 84 exists between the surfaces 74 of the support ends and lower faces 62 of the side walls. Upon tightening of nuts 82 a sufficient torque value, support member 61) is caused to bend until clearance 84 is closed and finished surfaces 74 come into contact with lower faces 62. This causes a predetermined force to be exerted by bosses 64 on bearing cap 42 increasing the force with which it is held in its position against web 32 without adding to the tensile stresses in the main bearing seat area. The stresses accounting for the additional force are, in effect, transferred to the side walls in the area of tapped holes 80 which are a much less critical area than the main bearing seat area around tapped holes 52 and machined faces 40. It should be understood that more or less stress can be transferred from the main bearing seat area to the side walls as may be required by the demands of the particular situation.
  • the force exerted by a particular bridge support member is dependent upon a number of variables including those of the structure and material of which the support member is formed and the dimensional relationships existing with the associated engine components.
  • the amount of clearance 84 which is provided in the untightened state between the finished surfaces 74 at the outer ends of the support member and the lower faces 62 of the side walls.
  • the amount of this clearance can, of course, be varied as desired but it is limited by reasonable manufacturing tolerances and the bending yield strength of the bridge support member.
  • the present invention has provided a structure which is effective to transfer a desired portion of cylinder block stresses, occasioned by retention thereon of a main bearing cap, from the critical main bearing seat area to the less critical side walls of an engine cylinder block, which thereby allows the use of lighter and lower strength materials in the block for equivalent main bearing loads or allows the use of smaller cross-sectional areas in the main bearing webs.
  • the invention provides the additional advantage of lending lateral and longitudinal support to the main bearing caps by connecting the outer ends of the caps with the lower edge of their associated cylinder block side walls.
  • the invention is similar to certain embodiments of the construction shown in United States Patent 3,046,954, Hoffman et al., which is applicable to engines of the general type shown herein.
  • the present invention is unique, however, in providing an arrangement capable of reducing stresses in the main bearing seat area by transferring a portion of the main bearing cap securing forces to the cylinder block side Walls.
  • Crankshaft supporting means comprising;
  • crankshaft retaining cap engaging the block on op- .posite sides of and adjacent the crankshaft receiving portion
  • crankshaft supporting means comprising;
  • a cylinder block having spaced side walls, said cylinder block having at least one transverse web extending between the side walls and including a crankshaft receiving portion;
  • crankshaft retaining cap held against the web and supporting a crankshaft between the side walls and in the crankshaft receiving portion
  • crankshaft supporting means comprising:
  • a cylinder block having two spaced and longitudinally extending side walls, said cylinder block having at least one crankshaft supporting web extending transversely between the side walls;
  • crankshaft supporting cap member mateable with the web
  • a resilient bridge support member extending transversely into overlapping spaced relation with the side walls and including means mateable with the cap member, said bridge support member maintaining in the undeformed condition a predetermined clearancefrom the side walls;
  • securing means engaging the web and exerting a positive force holding the cap member against the web, the holding force exerted on the cap by the securing means being less than the total force holding the cap in engagement with the web.
  • the improvement com-prisin g means for apportioning the main bearing cap seating loads between the web, adjacent the crankshaft receiving portion, and the side walls, said apportioning means including a resilient bridge support secured to and extending between the side walls and engaging the main bearing cap threbetween and means, resiliently deforming said bridge support so as to assist in urging the main bearing cap against the web.
  • crankshaft supporting means comprising;
  • a cylinder block having two spaced and longitudinally extending side walls;
  • said cylinder block including a plurality of crankshaft supporting webs, spaced longitudinally and extending transversely between the side walls, each such web having a hemispherical crankshaft receiving portion and adjacent thereto a pair of diametrically disposed laterally spaced surfaces, each surface surrounding .one of a pair of threaded holes formed in the web;
  • crankshaft supporting cap members each engaging the respective laterally spaced surfaces of an associated one of the webs and including a pair of drilled holes aligned with the threaded holes of the web, each cap member further including at its outer surface a pair of laterally spaced seats, each seat surrounding one of the pair of drilled holes;
  • each such support member being matea ble with an associated one of the cap members and including a pair of laterally spaced bosses engaging the corresponding pair of laterally spaced seats of the associated cap member and a pair of drilled holes aligned with the holes in the associated cap member;
  • each said bridge support member further including a pair of finished surfaces, one formed on each portion of the bridge support overlapping the respective side walls and in predetermined spaced relation therewith, and a pair of drilled openings associated one with each finished surface;
  • said side walls being provided With a plurality of pairs of recessed threaded holes, one pair aligned with the drilled openings of each bridge support member;
  • each said first pair of threaded securing means is less than the total seat ing force exerted on each associated bearing cap.
  • crankshaft supporting means comprising;
  • a cylinder block having two spaced and longitudinally extending side walls, said cylinder block having at least one crankshaft supporting web extending transversely between the side Walls:
  • crankshaft supporting cap member mateable with the web
  • a resilient bridge support member extending transversely into overlapping spaced relation with the side walls and including means mateable with the cap member, said bridge support member maintaining in the undeformed condition a predetermined clearance from the side walls;

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
US370312A 1964-05-26 1964-05-26 Crankshaft supporting arrangement for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3304134A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US370312A US3304134A (en) 1964-05-26 1964-05-26 Crankshaft supporting arrangement for internal combustion engines
GB20226/65A GB1033755A (en) 1964-05-26 1965-05-13 Internal combustion engine crankshaft bearing assemblies
DEG43655A DE1292941B (de) 1964-05-26 1965-05-21 Kurbelwellenlager fuer Brennkraftmaschinen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US370312A US3304134A (en) 1964-05-26 1964-05-26 Crankshaft supporting arrangement for internal combustion engines

Publications (1)

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US3304134A true US3304134A (en) 1967-02-14

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US (1) US3304134A (de)
DE (1) DE1292941B (de)
GB (1) GB1033755A (de)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4189193A (en) * 1977-06-17 1980-02-19 Sulzer Brothers Limited Crankshaft bearing
US4467755A (en) * 1981-05-06 1984-08-28 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Internal combustion engine with bearing beam structure
FR2573846A1 (fr) * 1984-11-28 1986-05-30 Honda Motor Co Ltd Structure de support de vilebrequin pour moteur a combustion interne multicylindre
EP0204048A2 (de) * 1985-06-03 1986-12-10 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Kurbelwellenlagerungs- und -schmierungsstruktur in einer Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschine
EP0207716A2 (de) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-07 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Lager zum Tragen einer Welle, wie der Kurbelwelle einer Brennkraftmaschine
US4643145A (en) * 1983-12-10 1987-02-17 Ae Plc Reinforcement of engine blocks
JPS6252317U (de) * 1985-09-20 1987-04-01
US4674455A (en) * 1981-01-27 1987-06-23 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Split crankcase for V-type engine
US4753201A (en) * 1984-12-06 1988-06-28 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Crankshaft supporting structure for multicylinder internal combustion engines
US4754540A (en) * 1987-02-11 1988-07-05 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Method of making bearing block for robotic manipulator
US4958602A (en) * 1988-10-25 1990-09-25 Andreas Stihl Internal combustion engine
US5028153A (en) * 1987-02-11 1991-07-02 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Bearing block for robotic manipulator
DE4215051A1 (de) * 1992-05-07 1993-11-11 Audi Ag Lageranordnung
DE4433286A1 (de) * 1994-09-19 1996-03-21 Motoren Werke Mannheim Ag Lagerung einer Nockenwelle
US5816710A (en) * 1997-07-01 1998-10-06 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Engine block bearing saddle reinforcing inserts
US6076971A (en) * 1997-07-01 2000-06-20 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Engine block bearing saddle reinforcing inserts
US6231240B1 (en) * 1998-10-08 2001-05-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Crankshaft bearing for an internal combustion engine
US20030207996A1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2003-11-06 Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. Golf ball materials and golf ball
DE10322248A1 (de) * 2003-05-13 2004-12-09 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh & Co. Kg System mit Welle und mindestens zwei Lagern und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Systems mit Welle und mindestens zwei Lagern
US20110088649A1 (en) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-21 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Flexible Mounting System for Powertrain Mounted Components
US20130170774A1 (en) * 2010-09-06 2013-07-04 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Iron-based metal bearing cap to be cast into light metal member
WO2020149819A1 (en) * 2019-01-14 2020-07-23 Cummins Inc. Systems and methods for coupling a cylinder head to a cylinder block
US11067029B2 (en) 2018-07-31 2021-07-20 Cummins Inc. Systems and methods for coupling a cylinder head to a cylinder block

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT957661B (it) * 1971-05-04 1973-10-20 Ricardo And Co Perfezionamento nei motori o compressori di tipo alternativo
US4729352A (en) * 1984-11-28 1988-03-08 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Crankshaft supporting structure for multicylinder internal combustion engines
IT1215599B (it) * 1984-11-28 1990-02-14 Honda Motor Co Ltd Struttura di supporto di albero a gomiti in un motore a combustione interna a piu' cilindri
JPS61127915A (ja) * 1984-11-28 1986-06-16 Honda Motor Co Ltd 多気筒内燃機関のクランク軸支持装置
DE4325770A1 (de) * 1993-07-31 1995-02-02 Audi Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kurbelgehäuses einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE4342041C2 (de) * 1993-12-09 1999-12-30 Audi Ag Kurbelwellen-Endlager für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE19608018B4 (de) * 1995-03-10 2006-12-14 Volkswagen Ag Gehäuse für eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE19907661A1 (de) 1999-02-23 2000-08-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Kurbelwellenlager-Anordnung in einem Kurbelgehäuse einer Hubkolbenmaschine, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB118371A (en) * 1917-11-16 1918-08-29 Bernard Robert Wingfield Improvements in and relating to Power Transmission Toothed Gearing.
US1909977A (en) * 1931-07-16 1933-05-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Bearing
CA506149A (en) * 1954-09-28 Morgan Myles Bearings
US3046954A (en) * 1961-01-18 1962-07-31 Gen Motors Corp Crankcase and bearing structure for internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1149198B (de) * 1959-10-09 1963-05-22 Sueddeutsche Bremsen A G Kurbelgehaeuse fuer Boxermotoren

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA506149A (en) * 1954-09-28 Morgan Myles Bearings
GB118371A (en) * 1917-11-16 1918-08-29 Bernard Robert Wingfield Improvements in and relating to Power Transmission Toothed Gearing.
US1909977A (en) * 1931-07-16 1933-05-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Bearing
US3046954A (en) * 1961-01-18 1962-07-31 Gen Motors Corp Crankcase and bearing structure for internal combustion engines

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4189193A (en) * 1977-06-17 1980-02-19 Sulzer Brothers Limited Crankshaft bearing
US4674455A (en) * 1981-01-27 1987-06-23 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Split crankcase for V-type engine
US4467755A (en) * 1981-05-06 1984-08-28 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Internal combustion engine with bearing beam structure
US4643145A (en) * 1983-12-10 1987-02-17 Ae Plc Reinforcement of engine blocks
FR2573846A1 (fr) * 1984-11-28 1986-05-30 Honda Motor Co Ltd Structure de support de vilebrequin pour moteur a combustion interne multicylindre
US4753201A (en) * 1984-12-06 1988-06-28 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Crankshaft supporting structure for multicylinder internal combustion engines
EP0204048A2 (de) * 1985-06-03 1986-12-10 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Kurbelwellenlagerungs- und -schmierungsstruktur in einer Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschine
EP0204048A3 (en) * 1985-06-03 1987-05-20 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Crankshaft supporting and lubricating structure in plural-cylinder internal combustion engine
EP0207716B1 (de) * 1985-06-28 1990-03-21 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Lager zum Tragen einer Welle, wie der Kurbelwelle einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP0207716A2 (de) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-07 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Lager zum Tragen einer Welle, wie der Kurbelwelle einer Brennkraftmaschine
US4854746A (en) * 1985-06-28 1989-08-08 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Crankshaft bearing cap location scheme
JPS6252317U (de) * 1985-09-20 1987-04-01
US5028153A (en) * 1987-02-11 1991-07-02 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Bearing block for robotic manipulator
US4754540A (en) * 1987-02-11 1988-07-05 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Method of making bearing block for robotic manipulator
US4958602A (en) * 1988-10-25 1990-09-25 Andreas Stihl Internal combustion engine
DE4215051A1 (de) * 1992-05-07 1993-11-11 Audi Ag Lageranordnung
DE4433286B4 (de) * 1994-09-19 2004-12-30 Deutz Ag Lagerung einer Nockenwelle
DE4433286A1 (de) * 1994-09-19 1996-03-21 Motoren Werke Mannheim Ag Lagerung einer Nockenwelle
US5816710A (en) * 1997-07-01 1998-10-06 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Engine block bearing saddle reinforcing inserts
US6076971A (en) * 1997-07-01 2000-06-20 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Engine block bearing saddle reinforcing inserts
US6231240B1 (en) * 1998-10-08 2001-05-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Crankshaft bearing for an internal combustion engine
US20030207996A1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2003-11-06 Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. Golf ball materials and golf ball
DE10322248A1 (de) * 2003-05-13 2004-12-09 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh & Co. Kg System mit Welle und mindestens zwei Lagern und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Systems mit Welle und mindestens zwei Lagern
DE10322248B4 (de) * 2003-05-13 2006-10-19 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh & Co. Kg System mit Welle und mindestens zwei Lagern und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Systems mit Welle und mindestens zwei Lagern
US20110088649A1 (en) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-21 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Flexible Mounting System for Powertrain Mounted Components
US8826877B2 (en) * 2009-10-15 2014-09-09 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Flexible mounting system for powertrain mounted components
US20130170774A1 (en) * 2010-09-06 2013-07-04 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Iron-based metal bearing cap to be cast into light metal member
US8690440B2 (en) * 2010-09-06 2014-04-08 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Iron-based metal bearing cap to be cast into light metal member
US11067029B2 (en) 2018-07-31 2021-07-20 Cummins Inc. Systems and methods for coupling a cylinder head to a cylinder block
WO2020149819A1 (en) * 2019-01-14 2020-07-23 Cummins Inc. Systems and methods for coupling a cylinder head to a cylinder block

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1033755A (en) 1966-06-22
DE1292941B (de) 1969-04-17

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