US3214585A - Thermotransfer copy apparatus wherein the reproduction coating is carried by a pressure roll - Google Patents
Thermotransfer copy apparatus wherein the reproduction coating is carried by a pressure roll Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3214585A US3214585A US226667A US22666762A US3214585A US 3214585 A US3214585 A US 3214585A US 226667 A US226667 A US 226667A US 22666762 A US22666762 A US 22666762A US 3214585 A US3214585 A US 3214585A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- reproduction
- heat
- master
- cylinder
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
- B41M5/382—Contact thermal transfer or sublimation processes
- B41M5/38207—Contact thermal transfer or sublimation processes characterised by aspects not provided for in groups B41M5/385 - B41M5/395
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41L—APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR MANIFOLDING, DUPLICATING OR PRINTING FOR OFFICE OR OTHER COMMERCIAL PURPOSES; ADDRESSING MACHINES OR LIKE SERIES-PRINTING MACHINES
- B41L19/00—Duplicating or printing apparatus or machines for office or other commercial purposes, of special types or for particular purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B41L19/003—Duplicating or printing apparatus or machines for office or other commercial purposes, of special types or for particular purposes and not otherwise provided for using heat, e.g. wax transfer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B27/00—Photographic printing apparatus
- G03B27/02—Exposure apparatus for contact printing
- G03B27/14—Details
- G03B27/30—Details adapted to be combined with processing apparatus
- G03B27/306—Heat development
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03D13/00—Processing apparatus or accessories therefor, not covered by groups G11B3/00 - G11B11/00
- G03D13/002—Heat development apparatus, e.g. Kalvar
Definitions
- an image of a master is obtained in known manner by the imagewise action of heat on a layer of a fusible, transferable mixture, e.g., a pigmented wax substance, supported on a carrier, this material resting on a copy support in contact therewith.
- a fusible, transferable mixture e.g., a pigmented wax substance
- the heat-sensitive layer and support are hereinafter called reproduction material.
- the present invention is a transfer heat-copying process for the preparation of reproductions from masters, in which a copy support is contacted simultaneously with a master on one side and a wax-type reproduction coating on the other side and, from one of the two sides, radiant heat is intensively applied, characterized in that the copy support is separated from the reproduction material at a favorable time.
- the process provided by the invention is based on the principle that, in the dark parts of the master, after or during the exposure to heat radiation, areas of increased temperature are formed from which the heat is conducted in accordance with the local temperature differential and the insulating properties of the copy support and the reproduction material, as a result of which, at the margins of those areas of the heat-sensitive material affected imagewise in accordance with the master, the differentiation in condition or color does not occur with the requisite sharpness unless the conduction of the heat is interrupted.
- the master may be one-sided or two-sided and the material used for the copy support may comprise thin foils of transparent or opaque material which transmit radiant heat and have but little insulating efiect, e.g., foils made of cellulose products such as paper and regenerated cellulose; cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, and cellulose acetobutyrate; various plastics such as polyolefins, e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, and polyvinylidene chloride; polyamides and polyesters such as polyterephthalic acid glycol esters, polycarbonates and polyurethanes.
- foils made of cellulose acetate, polyolefins, polyvinyl compounds containing chlorine, and polyesters are particularly suitable.
- a support having a fusible, transferable reproduction coating is: required.
- thin foils made of cellulose products such as paper, regenerated cellulose and cellulose derivatives, e.g., cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate and cellulose propionate may, for example, be used.
- Foils made of plastics such as those listed above as copy-support materials are equally suitable. Because of their suitability and because they are inexpensive, the cellulose products are, in general, preferred. Further, supports of material having the nature of hard rubber may be used in special cases; multi-layer supports may also be used.
- the reproduction coatings those with a melting point between about 30 and 140 C., preferably between about 50 and C., are usually employed. Also prepared are those possessing wax-like properties and these are generally obtained by the combination of several substances. Primarily, natural and synthetic waxes, particularly those known as hard waxes such as carnauba Wax, esparto wax, candelilla wax, hard parafiin, those known as A, OP, SP0 and V waxes and those marketed as Gersthofener Wachse with the type codings O, KP, S, N, B], CR and L, and mixtures of these products, are used. In addition to these hard waxes, the reproduction coatings generally contain substances to increase flexibility and reduce brittleness.
- hard waxes such as carnauba Wax, esparto wax, candelilla wax, hard parafiin, those known as A, OP, SP0 and V waxes and those marketed as Gersthofener Wachse with the type
- mineral oils and other paraffin hydrocarbons such as petrolatum, ozokerite, ceresine, or soft paraffins are mixed in.
- natural and synthetic resins such as colophony, shel' lac, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyacrylates, alkyl cellulose, dyestuffs, pigments and fillers may also be worked into the coating mix.
- a simple reproduction coating consists, for example, of equal parts of carnauba wax and mineral oil, into which components a dyestufi" is mixed.
- the essential qualities of the reproduction coating are that it should transmit radiant heat, melt within the temperature specified, transfer readily to the copy support, and adhere thereto. It is, therefore, not absolutely essential that the reproduction coating should contain a wax.
- Other synthetic products with wax-like properties may be used, e.g., polyglycols, polyethylene oxides, polyglycerine, and paraflin chlorides.
- the fusible reproduction coating is applied in known manner to the supporting material, i.e., the material is melted and applied to the support by casting or by roller application or by a continuous coating system from a trough or by spraying. It can also be applied in solution in a solvent and the solvent afterwards evaporated. As a precaution against curling tendencies, it is often advantageous for the back of the support also to be coated and a thin, colorless, wax-type coating, for example, can be used for this purpose. Supports coated on both sides with the same reproduction coating may also be used.
- the radiation source for the radiant heat elements which radiate at an adequate temperature, e.g., about 200 to about 3000 C., are suitable; normally, commercially available heat radiators are used. It is an advantage if the rays can be concentrated, by means of reflectors, upon the image plane. It is also advantageous if the quantity of heat necessary to melt the reproduction coating is applied by means of a brief, high-intensity radiation.
- the fusible coating of the reproduction material is melted imagewise and transfers itself to the copy support, the melting and transfer process spreading outwardly in all directions from the center of the image parts.
- the reproduction process is interrupted, this interruption being accomplished by the separation of the reproduction mate rial from the copy support.
- the reproduction material is separated at different intervals after the image-wise action of heat radiation; these intervals range between second and 2 seconds after the action, according to the materials used, and are dependent upon various factors, in particular the thickness and heat-conductivity of the materials used.
- the interval which gives the best copy, i.e., the copy with the greatest marginal sharpness, is the one which corresponds to the expression separated at a favorable time.
- the invention also includes a device for performing the process.
- This device automatically separates the reproduction material from the copy support and the master when the radiation action on the master has been completed. It is by this means only that it has become possible to effect separation at a favorable time as defined above.
- FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic view in elevation of one form of the heat-copying device of the invention.
- FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic view in elevation of a second form of the heat-copying device of the invention.
- the master superimposed on the copy support is fed into the slot 6, formed by two feed plates, in the heat-copying device in a manner such that the back of the master being copied is facing the radiation source.
- a radiation-transmitting carrying sheet may advantageously be used, not shown in FIG- URE 1, with an overlap at either end, and if need be so arranged, e.g., folded at the leading edge, that it is possible for it to carry the master and the copy sheet with it.
- the radiant heat-transmitting cylinder here shown in the form of a glass cylinder 2, which is fixed in position by the bearing rollers 4 and 5 being provided on the surfaces thereof with a resilient material.
- the drive roller 3 is provided with a coating of a resilient material and the carrier blanket 8, on which a fusible transferable reproduction coating is carried, is also made of a resilient material.
- the carrier blanket 8 with the reproduction coating thereon constitutes the reproduction material.
- the carrier blanket 8 can, if this be desirable, be mounted on a carrier support 9, and the assembly of the carrier blanket with the carrier support can be mounted on a centrally supported clamping sleeve, longitudinally slotted at 19, and thus made removable. Not until the switch lever 11 is operated is the drive for the machine and the cooling fan, not shown in FIGURE 1, connected through the switch 13 which is mounted on the switch lever 11.
- the drive is eflected via the friction roller 3 on the cylinder 2.
- the pressure roller which here consists of the carrier blanket 8 drawn over the carrier support 9,
- the switch 11 also actuates the radiant heat source 1.
- the bearing 14, which is arranged to slide in the bearing guide 16, and the pressure roller therewith, is biased by the force of the compression spring 15 in the direction of the cylinder 2 and thus there is presure between the cylinder 2 and the pressure roller.
- the amount of pressure between the two rollers is determined by a cam 12, which abuts against the bearing and is mounted on the switch lever, and by the spring pressure.
- the stationary radiant heat source is in operational readiness, i.e., the heat radiation source is at its optimum distance from the master.
- the interposed carrier with the master and copy support is moved through the machine by the rotation of the cylinder and roller.
- the radiant heat from the radiation source is absorbed to a considerably greater extent in the text parts of the master than in the other parts and the text parts are thereby preferentially heated.
- the resulting heat image is then transferred, by means of conduction, to the copy support and melts corresponding areas of the reproduction coating present, as mentioned above, on the carrier blanket 8, which are then transferred to the copy support.
- the reproduction material is thus separated from the copy support at a favorable time, under the conditions of the invention, the copy support continuing on its way with or without the carrier sheet or passing, as in FIGURE 1, into the separating and discharge apparatus 7, while the reproduction layer on the carrier blanket 8 returns to the starting point, so that the melted areas can be transferred only in the desired degree to the copy support.
- the heatable equalizing device 17 which makes it possible for the surface of the wax reproduction coating to be smoothed or resurfaced, is desirably used.
- the wax sheet When the wax sheet is exhausted, it can be renewed in the heat-copying machine itself my means of the trough 18, which can also be heated as a cooling fan may be mounted between the equalizing device 17 and the slot 6 to make the coating ready for copying.
- the carrier blanket with its carrier support may also be changed.
- FIGURE 2 Another form in which the heat-copying device of the invention can be designed is shown in FIGURE 2.
- This device enables copies to be made by the reflex process, i.e., the side of the master that is being copied faces the radiation source. Between the master and the radiation source there is a copy support in surface contact with the master which, in turn, is in surface contact with the heatsensitive fusible reproduction layer.
- variable drive and the fan for cooling are not further described, as these parts are not essential for the explanation of the operation of the heat-copying machine.
- the master with the copy support assembled as already described, with or without a carrier sheet, is fed into the machine through the slot 41.
- the roller and the infra-red transmitting cylinder 22, with the built-in radiant heat source 21 are not in contact.
- the roller 25, the journal of which is supported in a bearing 29, is, by virtue of the compression spring 32, in its highest position.
- the bearing is mounted in the bearing casing 31 and is at alltimes subject to the action of the cam 26, which is mounted on the switch lever 27, and the compression spring 32.
- Between the roller 25 and the cylinder 22 runs a conveyor belt covered with a fusible reproduction layer as described above, and passing from the unwind roller 37 over the compensating roller 38 and guide rollers 39 and 40 to the rewind roller 36.
- the rewind roller 36 is connected with the drive pulley 35, which may be a friction disc, and, through the belt 34, with the drive pulley 33, which is mounted on the roller axle.
- the cylinder 22 is primarily driven via the friction roller 24 and is supported between the roller bearings 23 and 24.
- the carrying sheet, the master and the finished copy can then be removed from the discharge section.
- the pressure is released between the roller 25 and the cylinder 22 by the lifting of the roller.
- the burner or radiant heat source is turned off.
- the compensating roller ensures the necessary tautness of the conveyor belt which supports the reproduction coating, so that between the roller and the cylinder no contact occurs between this belt and the roller, which advantageously is made of a resilient material unaffected by temperature changes.
- the carrier sheet which may, if desired, be used for the original and the copy support and which may have excess length at either end, may, for the same reasons as given above, be left between the roller and the cylinder until the machine is turned olf.
- Both of these forms of the invention i.e., those shown in FIGURE 1 and FIGURE 2, automatically separate the reproduction material at a favorable time from the copy support and the master, so that the adverse effects, mentioned above, on the quality of the copies cannot occur.
- FIGURE 1 and FIGURE 2 only a single journal, bearing, and cam assembly has been illustrated but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that two are used.
- the process and the device of the invention enables copies to be made simply and easily even from masters that are printed on both sides.
- the copies are stable at room temperature and may be transferred, by heating to 80-100 C., to another supporting material. If metals are used as copy supports in a transfer process of this type, the parts not covered with the reproduction coating may be etched and, in this way, printing plates may be made.
- the heat-copying device of the invention is outstanding among other heat-copying machines in that there are basically only 2 sheets to be fed into the machine and discharged, i.e., the original and the copy support, instead of 3, i.e., original, copy support, and reproduction material.
- the original and the copy support instead of 3, i.e., original, copy support, and reproduction material.
- An apparatus for making copies by a transfer heatcopying process in which a master is exposed to radiant heat while in contact with an assembly of a copy support and a fusible reproduction coating adjacent each other in order to transfer areas of the reproduction coating to the copy support in correspondence with more heat absorptive areas of the master, which comprises a rotatable heat-transmitting cylinder having a source of radiant heat mounted therein, a pressure roll mounted parallel to and in contact with the cylinder, the pressure roll having a reproduction coating of sufiicient thickness to produce a plurality of copies carried on the surface thereof, means for smoothing the remainder of the reproduction coating after each transfer, means for varying the pressure between the cylinder and the roll, and means for passing a master and a copy support between the cylinder and the roll.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
- Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEK44816A DE1173495B (de) | 1961-09-29 | 1961-09-29 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Waermekopien |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3214585A true US3214585A (en) | 1965-10-26 |
Family
ID=7223605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US226667A Expired - Lifetime US3214585A (en) | 1961-09-29 | 1962-09-27 | Thermotransfer copy apparatus wherein the reproduction coating is carried by a pressure roll |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3214585A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1173495B (de) |
FR (1) | FR1334804A (de) |
GB (1) | GB1010934A (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3291466A (en) * | 1964-09-30 | 1966-12-13 | Xerox Corp | Xerographic fixing device |
US3316403A (en) * | 1964-10-26 | 1967-04-25 | Robert B Russell | Thermographic copying apparatus with means to reverse the movement of a continuous transfer sheet |
US3414724A (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1968-12-03 | Lamm Ab Carl | Method and apparatus for duplicating text, pictures and the like on unprepared copy receiving sheets |
US3452181A (en) * | 1967-12-27 | 1969-06-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Roll fusing device for xerographic material |
US3501635A (en) * | 1968-05-01 | 1970-03-17 | Scripto Inc | Portable thermographic copying machine with photoelectric means to activate the heat lamp thereof upon insertion of a specimen into the machine |
US5512126A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1996-04-30 | Polaroid Corporation | Optical laminator |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1934753A (en) * | 1928-07-26 | 1933-11-14 | Wildhaber Ernest | Method and means for transmitting facsimiles |
US2501495A (en) * | 1944-05-05 | 1950-03-21 | Ibm | Copying process |
US2503758A (en) * | 1947-08-16 | 1950-04-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fusion photothermography |
GB722023A (en) * | 1950-11-01 | 1955-01-19 | Dick Co Ab | Improvements in or relating to method for preparing copy |
US2721821A (en) * | 1951-02-02 | 1955-10-25 | Dick Co Ab | Printed plastics and method for producing same |
US2939009A (en) * | 1956-02-01 | 1960-05-31 | Jack M Tien | Thermotransfer duplicating process |
US3048695A (en) * | 1959-06-22 | 1962-08-07 | Warren S D Co | Copy method and apparatus |
US3056904A (en) * | 1958-10-20 | 1962-10-02 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Thermoprinting apparatus and method |
-
1961
- 1961-09-29 DE DEK44816A patent/DE1173495B/de active Pending
-
1962
- 1962-09-24 GB GB36281/62A patent/GB1010934A/en not_active Expired
- 1962-09-27 US US226667A patent/US3214585A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1962-09-29 FR FR910823A patent/FR1334804A/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1934753A (en) * | 1928-07-26 | 1933-11-14 | Wildhaber Ernest | Method and means for transmitting facsimiles |
US2501495A (en) * | 1944-05-05 | 1950-03-21 | Ibm | Copying process |
US2503758A (en) * | 1947-08-16 | 1950-04-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fusion photothermography |
GB722023A (en) * | 1950-11-01 | 1955-01-19 | Dick Co Ab | Improvements in or relating to method for preparing copy |
US2721821A (en) * | 1951-02-02 | 1955-10-25 | Dick Co Ab | Printed plastics and method for producing same |
US2939009A (en) * | 1956-02-01 | 1960-05-31 | Jack M Tien | Thermotransfer duplicating process |
US3056904A (en) * | 1958-10-20 | 1962-10-02 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Thermoprinting apparatus and method |
US3048695A (en) * | 1959-06-22 | 1962-08-07 | Warren S D Co | Copy method and apparatus |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3291466A (en) * | 1964-09-30 | 1966-12-13 | Xerox Corp | Xerographic fixing device |
US3316403A (en) * | 1964-10-26 | 1967-04-25 | Robert B Russell | Thermographic copying apparatus with means to reverse the movement of a continuous transfer sheet |
US3414724A (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1968-12-03 | Lamm Ab Carl | Method and apparatus for duplicating text, pictures and the like on unprepared copy receiving sheets |
US3452181A (en) * | 1967-12-27 | 1969-06-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Roll fusing device for xerographic material |
US3501635A (en) * | 1968-05-01 | 1970-03-17 | Scripto Inc | Portable thermographic copying machine with photoelectric means to activate the heat lamp thereof upon insertion of a specimen into the machine |
US5512126A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1996-04-30 | Polaroid Corporation | Optical laminator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1010934A (en) | 1965-11-24 |
FR1334804A (fr) | 1963-08-09 |
DE1173495B (de) | 1964-07-09 |
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