US3190244A - Incinerator and smoke-consuming apparatus - Google Patents

Description

June 22, 1965 v G. H. HosKlNsoN 3,190,244

INCINERATOR AND SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 19, 1960 v 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 54 BWR GoRoo/v H. Hosk/Ns'o/v AGENTS June 22, 1965 G. H. HosKlNsoN 3,190,244

INGINERTOR ANDSMKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Filed Dec..19, 1960 y r y y Y e sheets-sheet 2 GORDON H. HosK/Nso/v BY WiLM AGENTS June 22,

Filed Dec G. H. HosKlNsoN Y INGVINERATOR AND SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS 19, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 MWLM AGE NTS June 22, 1965 rG.v HL HosKlNsON 3,190,244

` INcgNERATOR AND SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 19, 1960 6 SheetS-Sheet 4 INVENTOR GORDO/v H. HosK//vso/v BY #fw-9%? lAGEN T June 22, 19,65 G. H. HosKlNsoN 3,190,244

INCINERATOR AND SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 19, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENI'OR GoRao/v H. HosK/Nso/v AGENTS United States Patent lice 3,190,244 INCINERATOR AND SMGKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Gordon H. Hoskinson, 36th Ave. and 13th St., Long Island City, N.Y.

yFiled Dec. 19, 1960, Ser. No. 76,670

12 Claims. (Cl. 11G-495)` Incinerators have been employed fora great kmany years Y as a means for disposing of trash, rubbish, waste material,

and the like but lhave possessed a greatmany disadvantages. For example, prior incinerators emit a considerable amount of heavy smoke and other obnoxious waste products of combustion into the atmosphere which are quite `hazardous to the health of the community in general. Moreover, such waste products of combustion also create lan economical Iproblem with respect to maintenance `of property in general inthe area Where the material is burned d-ue to the fact that such products of combustion not only soil virtually everything with which they come into contact but also tend to enhance or hasten the deterioration of the physical property. nearby. The waste products of combustion generated which are primarily objected to are in the form of unburned carbon which gives rise to the heavy dark smoke and gases and other obnoxious vapors generated during the burning operation. The large amount of carbon present in the waste products of combustion, and the generated gases, vapors, and .the like is due to .the incomplete or inefficient combustion during the actual burning of the materials. The ineicient or insuiflcient combustion maybe due to the structure of the incinerator itself, or as a result'of insufficient heat in theV burning zone to effect an eiiicient operation, or insufficient oxygen to support the desired `degree of combustion which will insure a complete consumption of the material being burned, or a combination of all three.

Another disadvantage possessed by prior incinerators is that such units capable of burning a large volume of waste material are extremely expensive in initial cost as well as upkeep and yet are quite inefficient `in operation. Moreover, prior incinerators capable of burning a large volume of waste material are Iso designed that the residue remaining after burning cannot be readily removed. This results oftentimes in a shut-down of the incinerator with a corresponding cooling thereof in order to permit a cleaning out of .the unit before further burning can be effected,

Still another problem with prior incinerators is that the heat generated by the incinerator during the burning of the waste mate-rial is totally lost. There has long been a need in industrial plants, commercial establishments of all types, and the like for an incinerator which can be utilized to eiect the burning of the desired waste material t and yet also can utilize the heat generated for other purposes. Such prior incinerators dueto the inetiiciency of operation and the waste products of combustion generated have not been ableY to beemployed in such'a manner.

Considerable time, eiort, and money has been expended over many years towards the development A'of an incinerator which will function in a more ecent manner and vantages, it is therefore a principal object of the present invention to provide an incinerator of a new and novel struc-ture possessing a more efrcient operation than heretofore capable with prior incinerators. i Another object of the present Vinvention is the provision of a new incinerator that is extremely simple in design and construction, low in cost, and requires virtually no upkeep. v Y

Still another object ofthe present invention is the provision of an incinerator that does not emit obnoxious waste productsof combustion tothe outside atmosphere during its operation regardless of the material being-burned.

Still another object of the present invention is ,the provision of an incinerator which will insure a substantial-ly complete combustion of the objectionable waste products Y of combustion wherein the products emitted therefrom to the atmosphere will not be in a harmful state.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of an incinerator wherein .the waste products of combustion generated therein will be consumed prior to the emis- =sion of same tothe outside atmosphere. Y

Still another objectof the present invention is theprovision of an incinerator which can function both as a heating unit as well as an incineratorunit.

A further `object of the present invent-ion is the provision of an incinerator unit in which the heat generated therei in utilized for other purposes. w i r A further object of the present invention is the provision s `of an incinerator that can be employed to burn a large volume of waste material in an eicien-t manner.

Yet another object of the present invention is the provision ofA an incinerator which can remain incontinuous operation without-requiring a shut-down after a period of time to remove unburned residue present therein.

A still further object of the present invention Y is an incinerator unit in which the residue remaining after each batch .of material has been burnedl is immediately Wit-h drawn without shut-d-own ofthe incenerat-or.

A furthe-r object of the present invention is the provision of new and novel means for retaining the waste material during its burning'which enables the Vresidues remaining to be immediately YVwithdrawn withoutV a shut-down of theA equipment. l Y

Other and additional objects will become manifest vfrom the ensuing descriptionV taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings.

Broadly stated, the incinerator made in accordance with the present invention comprises a building unit, said building unitA including' a iloor, side walls, a rear wall, a substantially at roof, and door means'hinged-ly secured to the free end of at least one of said side walls, air inlet means in said rear wall of said building unit, spaced track means extending into the ilo-oryof said building unit, cart means for receiving the material to be burned, said cart means being mounted for movement on said track means into and out of said building, said cart means including a pl-urality of hollow pipe means connectedto one another delining alpair of side wall-s and front and rear walls, a-t least some of said pipe means having Openings therein, one of said pipe .means forming said rear wall having at least one nipple extending outwardly therefrom for engagement with said air inlet means of said rear Wall of said buildingwhereby ai-r can be passed through the vpipes forming ysaid cart -to support combustion therein, outlet means in said r-oof, and exhaust means secured to said outlet means. To the accomplishment of the foregoing' and related ends, the present invention then consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particular-ly pointed out in the claims, .the annexed drawing and the following descrip- -tion .setting forth in detail certain means i-n the carrying Patented June 22, 1965 3 out of the invention, such disclosed means illustrating, however, but one of various ways in which .theprinciple of the invention may be employed. d

The presentinvention is illustrated, by way of example,

in the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE-1 is a perspectivekfront elevational-view of an incinerator unit made in accordance Vwith the present 1 invention illustrating the insertion of a cart into the unit.

rail element 13 positioned therein with each tnack extend.-`

ing outside and beyond the .frontedge of the floor 11.1 This construction defines a railway track. assembly into and out of the building Vunit 11 which enables the material` to be burned to be brought into and out of the` building unit 10 in a manner to be morefully described hereinafter.

v The building unit 11 is'provided 4with a pairv of vertical` side Walls 14 and 15 built along Yeach side: edge of the" floor llwihich defines the vertical dimensions of the build'- ing unit 10.V The side walls 14 and 15 may be madeiof any suitable material and inf any desired maner which Will provide the vnecessary structural strength, but the inside face thereof must possess aY refractory facing in order'to protect the side walls against the intense heat generated FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary cross sectional view illustrating Vthe mounting of the tubes in the roof of the incinerator made in accordance with the present invention.

Y FIG. 6 isa fragmentary Vsideelevation in cross section illustrating a heat exchanger unit employed with the in- .cinerator made in accordance vwith the Apresent invention. FIG. 7 is a cross section of theheat exchanger unit taken on lines 7--7 of FIG.Y6.

i, FIG. S'is Va perspective view of the ,removable` heat ex- Y changer core of the heat exchanger unit shown in FIGS.

6 and 7. Y

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the stack `construction and the secondary combusion zone made in accordance with `the present invention. u A FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view taken onY lines 10--10 ofFIG.9. fY Y Y u FIG. l1 is a fragmentary perspectiveview of the bottom construction of the frame of the cartV made in accordance with the present invention, particularly illustrating Vthe means `for Ydistributing air Yinto the incinerator unit to support combustion and to maintain the cart in a comparatively cool state. x

FIG. l2 is a Afragmentary side elevation VincrossY secL ktion illustrating a modified form of stack construction made in accordance with the present invention.

Reference is now to be had lto the drawings, and with particular referencey Yto FIGS. 1-3 wherein a building unit,

generally `designated by reference numeral 10, is shown. The building unitV 10 defines the area ordimensions of the incinerator proper and is to be -a xed and permanent b installation. The building unit 10 may be either square or rectangular in congdlration, and may be of anydesired dimensions dependent uponk the volume of waste material vto be burned.Y Moreover, the building unit 10 may be made from anydesired material possessing the required structural strength, `although the inside surface of the building unit 10 must be of such character that can with-Y stand high and prolonged heat. Y Y

' The buildingunit 10, as illustrated, comprises a licor 11 which may be in the form'of any base construction having Y a refractory surface bonded thereto. However, it is possible, if desired, to employ la o'or made entirely ofrefractory material'using,`for example, bricks made of fire clay or the like. The refractory material or surface to be employed with or as the door 11 may be any suitable material capable of witstanding high, intense, `and prolonged temperatures, such as, for example, fused silica, Yfire clay, fused alumina, fused` refractory material, kaolin refractory material, magnesitre, mulite refractory, asbestos, silicon, carbide, etc. Any 4'of the foregoing refractory materials may be applied or laid as a surfaceV or facinglayer on the floor base, such as, for example, concrete; steel, or the like, or, Where such materials `are capable of being poured or laid in brick 'or block form, the base may be dispensed with. A pair of spaced,.parallel grooves 12 are centrally positioned in the. tloor 11 and extend from the front to the backthereof. Eadh ofthe grooves 12 has aY track or Itherein. As illustrated, the side walls14 and 15 are -made lof laid concrete block,.with the inside surface thereof being provided witha refractory facing which maybe any of the materials hereinbefore enumerated'fror use in the door 11.` Itis to be understood that the sidewalls 14 and 15 may be made completely of refractory block'o brick, but under such' circumstances reinforcing will be` required in order to provide the necessaryjstrength. Al-

ternatively, the side Walls maybe 4formed by framing of structural iron or steel spanned on the outside by metal` paneling and having lche frameV filled with refractory matef i rial of a thickness corresponding to the width ofthe st-ruci ture member. The thicknessof the side wal1s`14 'and 15 regardless of how made Iand the materials used must be i sutlicient to withstand the intense and prolonged heatgenerated Within the building unit 10. f

A rear wall 16 is provided along the rearV edge of the floor 11 and is connected or united to the rear'vertical ends of the side walls 14 and 15. Therear wall16 may` Vbe made in the same manner using the same materialsras the sidewalls 14 and 15. The inside facing, of the rear wall 16 .will likewise be provided witha refractoryl layer of sutlcient width in the same manner and for the same purpose as the refractory layer of the side walls-14 and 15. I The rear Wall 16 is provided with atleast one opening 11,1 in its lower portion thereof and providesV means-forpro-A t viding` air to support combustion in a manner to berdescribed more fullyV hereinafter. Y

d YToY provide the 4necessary structural strengthto rthe building unit '10 and to enable the` mounting of doors and a roof tothe building unit 10, structural members 18 and 19- are secured, respectively, to therfront ventical'end `of each of 'the side walls 14 and 15 by any suitable means,

such as, for example, anchoring during the formation of the Wall or the like.V The structural-members 18" and 1,9. 1 i Vmay be made of any suitable material and in any desired;

form, the preferred material being structural steel or;iron',:

. although any other material possessing the desired strength may be employedV equally as well. The struc-` t tural members 18 and 19 should be so positioned with respect to the end edges of the walls 14 and 15 thatwhen i the doors are closed in amanner to bemore `fully described hereinafter, the structural members `18 and 19 will not be in direot engagement with the heatl generated within the building unit 10. The structural members 18 and 19 are connected to one another by a top transverse structuralmember 20 secured to the top ends of each by bolting, Welding, or the like, thereby spanning the -width ofthe building unit 10Yand aiding in impparting there,-

quired structural strength thereto.V The top transverse structural lmember 20, as,l illustrated, is in the form of an I-bear and may be made from'structural steel, iron,or

any Vother metal having `!the requiredy strength. fThe `structural member'20, 'as,shown, extends above the topY land `in order i to iprovide edge of theiside wallsl 14 strength for the roof..

r This arrangement of the and 20 just described definesV aframework which, lin yaddition :to providing structuralst'rength'to vthe building` unit 10, also provide adoor frame for the mounting of the doors, generally designated byl reference numerals 21 structural members 18,119, l

and 22, to the building. The doors 21 and 22 are each in the form of a rectangular frame having structural metal vertical elements 23 and 24, and top element 25, and a bottom element 26, which are connected at their respective free ends by welding or the like to complete the desired frame. The outside face of the-frames forming the doors 21 and 22 is each provided with a covering sheet or sheath 27 of any suitable metal, such as, for emaples, steel or iron, which-is secured to the formed frame of the doors 21 and 22 by welding, riveting, bolting, or the like. The inside ofthe frame of the doors 21 and 22 is provided with refractory material 28 which completely seals the entire open frame portion` of the doors 21 and 22. The refractory material may be any employed with the side walls 14 and 15 or the rear wall 16, and is of a thickness corresponding to the thickness of .the framework of each of the doors 21 and 22. This construction results in a facing of refractory material on the inside face of each door` 21 and 22. The doors 21 and 2-2 must be so dimensioned that when in a closed state to seal the building unit 19, the refractory material of the doors 21 and 22 will be the only material of the doors which will be in direct contact with the heat generated within the building unit 10.

Each of the doors 21 and 22 is secured to the structural members 18 and 19, respectively, by a pair of upper and lower hinges 29 which Vare of Vfthe heavy duty type `and may be of any desiredcons'truction since hinges of this character are readily available on the open market. Each f ofthe doors 21 and 22 is further provided with a handle 3i] which is preferably` bolted to the frame member 23 through the metal covering `sheet 27 and serves as a means to open and close the doors. The door construction just deiined is one which provides mating doors 21 and 22 hingedly connected to each side edge of the building unit 10 through the structural members 18 and 19, and which, ,when in a closed state, provides an inner surface of refractory material for the building unit 16.,

i A heat exchanger unit, generally designated by reference numeral 31, is positioned within the building unit immediately adjacent its top surface and is capable of providing heat for performingone or more useful functions in a manner to be more fully described hereinafter. The'heat exchanger unit 31 comprises a plurality of pipes 32 which extend completely across the Vside walls 1d and 15 of the building unit 10 in closed spaced, parallel relationship t-o one another. The pipesv32 have their free ends extending just beyond the outside vertical plane of the side walls 1,4 and,15,.respectively. As` illustrated, the pipes 32 extend the entire length of the building unit 10 in transverse relationship thereto with the` exception that pipes do not extend across the exhaust openings in the roof The purpose for not placing pipes 32 beneath the .openings in the roof is in order to insure a full draft or exhaust of the heat and waste productsof combustion out through such opening. However, it is to be clearly understood that, if desired, the pipes 32 can extend the full length of the building unit 10 in closely spaced, parallel relationship with respect to one another regardless of the exhaust openings;

As shown in FIG. 5, the free ends of the pipes 32 which extend just beyond or outside the vertical plane of the outside Vface of one of die side walls, such as, for example, side wall 14 of the building unit 16, are in operative association with an air inlet duct or header 33 for receiving air or 'other fluid medium for transmission therein a man ner more fully described hereinafter. `The air inlet head-V er 33 will extend a distance substantially equalV to the length of the side walls of the building unit 10, or a distance sutiicient to encompass the free end of all of the pipes 32. One end of the air inlet duct 33 is closed with the opposite end thereof being open, Ywith an air blower 34 of conventional design being mountedV therein to blow air into the air inlet duct 33, and hence into the pipes 32 thereby insuring forced circulation of the air. The opposite free end of each of the pipes 32 likewise extends just bey-ond the vertical plane of the outside face of opposite side wail of building unit 10, and is associated with an air outlet duct Vor header 35 for receiving the air being v blown through the pipes 32.

itrative embodiment of the invention to support combustion in a secondary zone of combustion in a manner t-o be more fully desrcibed hereinafter. However, the illus-V trative form of air outlet header shown herein may be modiiied to accomplish various other purposes, as will be described more fully hereinafter.

The air inlet duct or header 33.and the air outlet duct or header 35, as shown, are not directly secured to the opposite free ends respectively of the bank of pipes.32, but rather.; form a closed area into which Vthe pipesrextend. The air inlet header 33 and the air outlet header 35 are shown Vas being rectangular in cross section,with one headers 33 and 35 are turned outwardly at right anglesv thereto forming upper and lower connecting lips 37 which are employed for mounting the air inlet header 33 and the air outlet header 35 to the building unit 10,in a manner to be more fully described hereinafter. This construction results in the free ends of the pipes 32 having complete access to the air inlet header 33 and the air out-` let header 35 without being connected thereto.

` The foregoing heat exchanger Vconstruction will be found advantageous since Vit enables the ready withdrawal and replacement of one or more of the tubes 32 when the occasion arises. This can be accomplished by detaching one of the air carrying headers from the building unit 1li, withdrawing the tube or tubes 32 to be replaced, and reinserting a new tube or tubes. While the foregoing arrangement just describedV is preferred, it is to be understood that other constructions may be employed equally as well. For example,rthe inlet and outlet headers may be cylindrical in cross-sectionV and the tubes will be connected thereto by a slip joint construction, welding, or the like. This type of header construction for the heat exchanger 3l will'be of particular utility in the event a fluid medium other than air, such as, for example, water, is passed continuously through a heat exchanger.

A preferred manner for positioning the heat exchanger 31 in the housing unit 1t) is to secure a metal plate 3S in permanent relationship to each of the outer faces of the side walls 14 and 15 adjacent the Vtop edge of each, thereby providing an outer vertical form. The metal plates 38 extend above the top edge of the side walls i4 and l5 and Vconstitute a Vertical continuation thereof. rThe vertical height of the side metal plates 3S abovethe side walls 14 and 15 Vis determined by the number of pipes that 'are to be employed in vertical arrangement since such pipes constitute the means for holding the free ends of the pipes 32 in place during the formation of the heat exchanger assembly 31. To elfect this positioning of the pipes 32 in place, the outside metal plates 38 are each provided with holes Aor openings equal to the. number of pipes to be used, and whichA will have a diameter corresponding to the outside diameter of the pipes 32 to be employed, with the free ends of pipes 32 being held in each plate by a press iit. An inner vertical form plate 7 39 is spaced inwardly of'each of the outer lmetal plates 38 in substantially Yparallel relationship therewith, and each is secured to. or ispin engagement withthe inner face ofthe side walls V14 and 15 adjacent the top edge thereof, and each extends upwardly therefrom for a distance corresponding to that of the outer metal plates 38. The inner form members 39'are each provided with openings therein which conform to and are in axial alignment with the openings in the outer metal plates 38 such that the tubes 32 `likewise extend through the inner form plates 39 and the outer form plates 38. K

The assembly just described deinesa pair of spaced, form troughswhich extend along the top surface of each of the side walls 14 and 15, with the pipes 32 spanning the width of the two side Walls in vertically spaced relationship and being` held in a xed state. other refractory material is. then poured in each of the form troughs along the top of each of the side walls 14 and 15, and permitted to harden. This construction results in a complete embedding of the pipes 32V in the hardened concrete but yet will enablev one or vmore ofthe tubes to be withdrawnwhen the necessity arises due to the fact that the concrete does not bond to the metal surface of the pipes. The inner form plates 39 are made of combustible material suchas, for example, plywood,

heavy kraft paper, cardboard, Vand the like, and are not,

removed after the concrete is set. ARather, the inner form plates 39 will be consumed by burning Yduring the irst operation of the incinerator unit. The air inlet header 33 and the air outlet header 35 are then securedY to the i outsideV surface of its corresponding metal plate 38 by means of screws or the like extending through the upper and lower lips 37 of the headers 33 and 35.

` It will be found advantageous to provide a heat'bale 4plate 40 which will extend across the faceV of the heat Walls A14 and 15, thereby resulting, as shown, in a metalV plate having a vertical height sufficient to shield the tubes 32 and which extends across the'entire Vwidth of the building unit 10.

Of course,kit is to be understood that the rear wall 16 is to possess a vertical height corresponding to that of the side walls 14 and 15 and the outer metal plates 38 combined therewith. This lcan be accomplished `by mounting detachable forms to the inner and .outer face of the rear wall 16 adjacent the top edge thereof with the forms extending upwardly therefrom in spaced, parallel relationship to one another 'for height equal to that of the metal plates 38. Thus when the concrete or other refractory material' is poured in theV formtroughs Von the sidewalls 14 andV 15 to embed Vthe pipes 32 therein, the trough form on the rear wallV 16 likewise can be filled with concrete at the same time thereby Vbringingthe verktical height of the rear Wall 16 to the desired level. Y

While the foregoing description is of a particular and preferred manner for associating the heat exchanger unit 31 to the building unit 10l for accomplishing yits intended function, it is to be clearly understood that there are a wide variety of other ways in which the heat exchanger unit31= maybe secured Within the building unit l1Q. vFor example, .the heat exchanger unit 31 maybe in the Vform of a single unit and be positioned completely within the Concrete or Y the roof. Another manner of positioning the heat ex,

changer V31 shown herein can be accomplishedby formf` ing the required number of openings equal to .the `number the roof structure and should be of the reinforcedkind housing unit 11 to the roof ofthe housing unit by bolting, by brackets, or the like. The air'inlet header could then extend through the rear wall 16 with therairoutlet Vheader being positioned ,completely within the unit 10,

axial Valignment with oneV another.` The tubes 32 arethen inserted; through the formed openings in the side walls and the air headers 33 and 35 may thenbe associated therewith in any desired manner. l

tive embodiment of the exchanger unit 31 and its manner of mounting shown herein. Y

The roof 41 is in the form o f a flat planar roof spanning the sidewalls 14 and 15 `and the rear wall 16,

with its inner face dying immediately above the pipes 32 of the heat exchanger 31. The roof41 is provided i 'with a pair of spaced openings 42 which extend in a vertical plane with respect to the buildingunit 10 to provide vexit means for the heat and waste products of combustion generated within the building unit.10` duraA enumerated, but must possess suflicient structural strength for the building unitl() to result in a'sturdy, permanent structure. For example, concrete can `be employed as and maybe poured during the pouring operationhereim before` described with respectto the securing of the heat exchanger unit 31 to the building unit 10. This may be accomplishedby providing the-desired forms during the:

positionngof the metal plates 38 and the inner form member 39, with all of the concrete being poured at once. It is to be clearlyunderstood, however, that the roof within the building unit 10 during the burning of material therein. Y l Y A stack support structure, generally designated by reference numeral 43,is mounted' to `the top surface of the t roof 41` and functions to support the stack structure and other associated apparatus Ytherewith independent of the refractoryroof structure 41. As illustrated, the support-V ing structureV assembly 43 includes ay structural flange element 44 secured to the outside face of therear ,wall

16 immediately adjacent the top edgethereof such `that theptop, outwardly extending ange portion thereof will be just above the top surface of therefractory roof 41. lf the stackV is to be excessivelyfheavy, vertical struetural supports may be secured to each end of the ,flange VA i element 44 to impart additional strength thereto. pair of structural supporting top frame elements 45 and 45 and 46 are illustrated as being positioned such that they willrrun from front to rear of the building .unit 10;

with the rear free end of each of the structural frame elements 45 and 46 being secured to theY top surface` of the ange element 44 by any suitable means, such vzas,

for example, welding, bolting, or the like.v The oppo. site forward free kends of the top framei elements 45 and i 46 are secured to 'the transversely i positioned I-beam: y

member 20 likewise by welding, `bolting, or in any *other` desired manner. This construction results in a'support ing frame assembly 43which` can support all Velements i of fthe' stack structureV and related apparatus independ-gV ent of theA roofstructure. It isjto Vbe clearly understood i that this construction is shown for illustrative purposes only and, while preferred in general overall operation,:` the vstack and other apparatus kcan be carriedsolelyrby` the roof, providing the roof isreinforced suiciently.

Therefore from the. foregoing yit is believed quite obvious that the `present invention is not to be in any way limited by the illustra-` As hereinbefore indicated, the refractory roof 41 has a plurality of exhaust openings 42 therein to permit the escape of heat `and other waste products of combustion from the building unit in which the burning will occur. As shown, there are two pairs of two openings or outlets 42 each formed in the roof 41 with the front two openings being utilized as a unit and the rear two openings likewise functioning as a unit. An outlet pipe element 47 is positioned within or associated with each of the two pairs of two openings 42 and extends upwardly therefrom in axial alignment therewith, and are connected by brackets or the like to the top frame'elements 45 and 46. This construction results in a for-A ward or front pair of spaced outlet'pipe means 47 and a rear pair of spaced outlet pipe means 47 which extend upwardly from the top surface of the roof 41 for a very short distance. It is to be clearly understood that the two pairs of two outlets shown herein are illustrative in character only, since any'number of pairs of openings may be provided in the roof depending upon the size of the building unit.

A pair of heat exchange units, generally designated by reference numeral 50, is secured respectively Vto the upper free ends of the front pair of outlet pipe means 47 and the rear pair of outlet pipe means 47. A description of one of the heat exchangers 50 will now be given with such description being equally applicable to the other heat exchanger 50 connected to the other pair of outlet pipe means 47;

The heat exchanger 50 comprises a central, cylindrical outer shell body 53 of heavy gauge metal which is connected to the spaced pair ofvoutlet pipes 47 in transverse relationship with respect thereto. The transversely extending heat exchanger 50 is covered by an arcuate shell 51 which is bent aroundthe heat exchanger 50 in spaced relationship thereto. The shell 51 is held in spaced relationship from the heat exchanger 50 by means of spacer strips 52 forming a circumferential axial passageway between the shell 51 and the heat exchanger 50. The inner cylindrical shell body 54 similarly made of heavy gauge metal is detachably positioned within the outer shell body 53 in spaced relation therewith. This construction denes a tubular member having an essential Ipassageway extending therethrough. outer and inner shell : bodies 53 and 54 results in an airtight area between the two bod-ies` with the exception of the two inlet .openings -in the outer shell body 53 to receive inlet pipes 47 and the outlet opening-in the outer shell body 50 functions as an outlet for. the waste products of combustion.

The forward end of the inner shell body 54 is provided Y with an outwardly aring `rirn portion 55 withthe outward terminal end of the flared rim portion 55 provided with a reversely turned perimetral flange portion 56 forming a lip to receive the circular peripheral end of the outer shell body 53. The opposite end'of the outer shell body 53 is provided Withan inwardly inclined rim portion 57 which, in turn, is provided with a peripheral flangeportion 58 to receive Vthe opposite terminal end of the inner shell body 54.

The inner shell body 54is preferably readily detachable from the outer shell body 53 to'enable the units to be more easily cleaned from collected carbon and the like in a manner to be more fully described hereinafter. To separate the tubular member, `the inner shell body 54 The association of the is merely pulled outwardly,'thus freeing the perimetral e Y l@ the outer shell body 53, thus locking the bodies in airtight relationship. While this is the preferred construction, it is to be understood that the inner and outer shell bodies 53 and 54 may be permanently secured to one another in spaced relationship.

The inner shell body 54 is provided with a plurality of angularly disposed bale plates 58, 59, 60, and 61 on the outside surface of the inner shell body 54, and are so positioned with relationship to the inlet openings 47 and the opposed outlet openings of the airtight area between the inner and outer shell bodies 53 and 54 so as to provide a controlled, tortuous Vpassageway for the smoke and heat to travel as it comes from the building unit 10, thereby insuring a proper draft and more efficient burning as well as providing an excellent heat transfer relationship between the elements. The bafiie plates 58, 59, 6), and 61 have a height such that the outer edge of each bathe plate will form substantially Ya seal with the inner surface of the outer shell body 53 to insure the necessary controlled passageways for the smoke. Y

y The bathe plates 58 and 59 are curved around the lower half of the inner shell body 54 and extend upwardly in inclined relationship around the inner shell body 54 on either side thereof to a point short of the topY surface leaving a passageway at the top of the shell body V54 at opposite ends thereof. The baille plates 58 and 59' are inclined downwardly in the direction of one another adjacent opposite ends of the inner shell body 54, with the lower terminus of each bale plate endingjust above theinner inside edge of each of the outlet pipes 41 and extending around and upwardly therefrom in inclined relationship to force the smoke from eachfof the outlet pipes 47 upwardly and outwardly to the passageway formed at the top surface of the shell body 54 adjacent each end thereof. Y

The bafie plates 60 and 61 are curved around the upper half of the inner `shell body '54 and are each spaced inwardly from the baffle plates-58 and 59 and are inclined such that they are in substantially parallel relationship with the battle plates 58 and 59. Each free end of the baie plates 6i) and 61 terminates at a point about midway on each side of the inner shell body 54, with each end of the baies being spaced below and in substantial alignment with the outside edge of the-exhaust outlet opening, thereby forming a spacedvertieal outlet passageway for thesmoke and gases. The arrangement of the bae plates 58, 59, 60, and 61 is such that the smoke passing upwardly from each of the, outlet pipes 47 will be carried outwardly and upwardly on either sideof the inner shell body 54 by means of the baie plates-58 and 59, and pass through the formed passageway of-each top surface. The smoke'will then strike the top surface of each of the baille plates 60 and 61 Vand will be directed downwardly and inwardly on either side of the inner shell body 54 until the smoke reaches the `vertically formed exitV passageway. The smoke will then pass upwardly through the exhaust outlet of the outer shell body 53.

Another advantage of this construction is that with this form of the heat exchanger 50, cleaning can be accomplished in a relatively short time. VTo clean the heat exchanger housing 50, the inner shell body 54 is merely pulled outwardly from the outer shell body 53 in the manner hereinbefore indicated. This operation results in the, inclined battle plates 5$, 59,60, and 61 scraping the inner surfaces of the outer shell body 53, thereby removing carbon and the like during the withdrawing operation. The inner shell body 54 is then cleaned by-washing or the like with theV inner-surface of the outer shell body `53 being wiped clean. The inner shell body 54 is then inserted in the same manner as hereinbefore indicated.

VWhile any suitable baffle plate construction may be employed to divide the bale plates 58, 59, 60, and 61, a particular and preferredV construction consists ofangled sheet metal in which the base thereof will be secured to the outer surface of the inner shell body 54. The vertical l l portion of the angled metal, which will function as the bafe ,plates, will be provided with Va pluralityiof `vertical slits such that when the sheet metal is curved to the contour -of the'inner shell body 54, 4the slit portion of theVV sheet metal will be expanded, resultingin a plurality of small, V-shaped notches. This structure is shownV in detailrin my United States Patent No. 3,044,460, issued July 17, 1962. The `advantage of this particular'rarrangei ment is that it will provide a'plurality of ysmall openings through which heat will seepvto heat Ythe opposite side thereof and will facilitate the passage of smoke and heat through'the tortuous path hereinbefore defined. While this is a particular and preferred construction, itisto be Y clearly understood that any suitable baie plate construction may be employed which will result Vin theV formation of the desired tortuous path. t

AA blower fan `62 is positioned at one end of the transverse heat exchanger housing 50for blowing air therethrough in transverse relationship tothe path of the heat, gases, and smoke vto pick up heat generated in heat'exchange relationship for blowing same in a hot state out through-'the oppositeV open end thereof. The diameter of the fan blade of the lblower 62 is greater than the dithat may be employed inthe present invention reference i ameterv of the outer shell body '53 and just slightly'lless than the inside diameter of the housing shield 51'. 'This arrangement insures a blowing Vtot' air not only through the inner passageway of the inner shell body 54, but also around the outsidesurface of the outer shell body 53',v

thereby insuring excellent heat exchange relationship. The blower 62 is protected by aV heavy metal screen 63 which istghtly positioned atrthe end of the housing shield 51 toV which the blower is mounted. The blower 62 is actuatedrby electric power, not shown, and is softimed as to be operableonly during the actual operation'of the incinerator.

While the heat exchanger housing assembly'S() is a transfer of heat generatedby theV incinerator to the Y air-V stream created by` the `blower 62, a removable heat Vtrap member 64 is centrally positioned within the inner shell body 64 Yin spaced relationship thereto.Y Theheatrtrap member 64jis in the form of an elongated tube 6Swith each end thereof enclosed by a pointed nose portion 66. Inlet means 67 and 68'are provided at spaced points on the under surface of the heat trap member 64 and in Valignment with the pipe means 47. Thisconstructionrresults in the vformation of a closed circuit heat trap in which heat will be continually risingvirtually directly from the re area.- Thus as airV is-blown through the transversek heat exchanger 50, the air will be continually heated'by passage over the heat trap memberY 64. f' V The function of the pair of heat exchangers '59 illus-A trated herein is for the purpose Vof utilizing the heat `generated during the operation of the incinerator so, that it may be transmitted to funcion as a warming medium. This may be accomplished by `providing an outlet duct (not shown) to the air outlet ends opposite the fan of each of the heat exchangers 50. Y Theroutlet duct in turn would be connected to conventional air ducts (not shown),

which would extend to the area desired to be'hea'ted. Alternatively, the hea-t exchangers 50 mayv lbe employed to provide hot water to any givenarea. To accomplish this, the innercentral cylindrical shell bodyV 54 is withdrawn and replaced with a bank of water carrying tubes through which water willrbe `continuously circulated. W

For a full description of such a hot ,water heater ,system ist-to be hadto thecopending applioationSerial No. 37,`

'7771, led June 21,1960, now'Patent No. 3,125,158, in which such a 'heat exchanger water. unit and its voperation with 'respect to burning apparatus isV disclosed.,`

While tw-o heat-exchanger units y5() have been disclosed herein, it is -to be clearly understood thatA the numberfof upon the size and capacity of the Yincinerator unit.Y In` general, there will be one incinerator unit for each pairl of outlets in the roof, although with a small'capacity in-cinenator unit it is possible that asingle heat exchanger unit 'cant be employed with a single .outlet in the roof Therefore, the" present invention is, inno way limited to any particular number of heat eX- of Ythe incinerator.

changerV units, buty as many maybe' employed .as willlbe necessary itofully utilize 'the'heat generated 4by thefini cinerator which, if it were not for such heat exchangers, would'othcrwise be wasted.Y c

Each 'of the heat exchangers =50, as hereinbefoe in:

dicated, is provided with angexhaustoutlet 69in the top of thefouter shell body `53 which isY in opposed.relation-1l ship to .the inlet meanswhicli are secured to the: pair 'of pipe outlets 47. :The arcuate shield 51 surrounding the Y kouter shellV body 53A likewisewill vbe provided with an opening'which is in axialalignment with Atheopeningin the outer shelljbody 53. An outlet stack or pipe means,

70 is positionedgin -the exhaust-outletv 69 of-each, of the heat exchangers 50and extends upwardly tlierelomin` transverse relationship Ythereto for acomparativelyshort.

dist-ancei The Vuppertree end ofthe outlet pipes70 from the Yheat exchanger Eis connectedito an expansion collar 71 which, in turn,'is secured toa frame support trape-` zoidal in configuration, generally designated by reference numrenal 72,.,which serves as suppo'rtmeans for the ex.

haust Vstack and the related apparatus in association therewith.` Y

, The trapezoidal shaped support member 72 includes an upper,.rectangularshaped frame portion 73 which is `so dimensioned thatit will Vspan-the distance between outlet pipe means 70^of.the'heat'exchangers 50 and extend just beyond on either sidelrthereof.4 Similarly, -the width of thetopirame portion-73 will Nbe just greaterV than-the width of the expansioncollars 71 to which the free ends of the outlet pipe means 70 are secured. This construction results in a rectangular upper frame support member 73 that isl centrally positioned above but is of less width andlength thanthe top support frame members 45 and 46; Y; The top frame support portion 73 is` connected to the top frame support members 45j and 46 respectively,by support legs 74 which extend from each corner Yof the top frame portion 73 in inclined relation ship therewith and are connected to the top structural yheat exchanger units to be 4employed will be dependent Y members 45- and V46 Vin any suitable manner, such` as, for

example, welding, bolting, or the like. The entire frame ofthe Ytrapezoidal shaped support member 72 may be'` enclosed' to jpreven't heat` loss from the heat exchangers 5t) and the outlet pipe means 70 by providing removable face panels74zy which will be connected to the four inclined legs '74.` This assembly ,results ina very. rigid sup. 'Y

port of the stack assembly andthe heat exchanger unit Eachrof the outletmembersj 70 of the heat exchanger; Sii is provided with a sidefopeningV just below the upperV ree Vend of each and prior to engagement of'same with'4 the expansion collar 71;",L The following description .will' be had with respect to the'function of the opening in one` of the outlet means 70,-but it is to be understood rthat the functiondescribed will be the same for the' opening in the ober of the oulet 'means 70. '.The purpose of the side opening in the `outlet pipefmember 70 is to enable the lattainment V of a secondary combustion zonetliereini ,for the further burning of the waste products of com-.fI

bustion generated during the operation of theinciner'ator.I

To achieve the secondary combustion zone, a fuel and air pipe assembly, generally designated by reference numeral 75, is connected at one end to one of the outlet openings in the air outiet header 35 of the heat exchanger 31, with the opposite end of the air and fuel pipe assembly extending yupwardly into the outlet member 70 through the side opening formed therein.

The air-fuel pipe assembly 75 includes a pipe line which may be a plurality of pipes connected to one another, or a single continuous line. As shownthe fuel pipe assembly 75 comprises a lower vertically extending pipe element 76 which is secured to and extends upwardly from the outlet opening in air outlet header 35 with its opposite end connected to a lowerV horizontally extending pipe element 77 by means of an elbow joint 78. A vertically extending upper pipe element 79 is secured to the free end of the horizontal pipe 77 by means of an elbow joint 80, with its opposite end connected to a 45 elbow joint 81. The elbow joint Slis connected byy means of a short pipe nipple 83 to a coupling joint 82 which, in turn, is connected with a terminal feeder pipe element 8.4 in which the free end thereof extends into the outlet 70 through the opening formed therein.` A fuel inlet line` 85 is secured at one end in tangential relationship to the fuel feeder pipeelement 84 prior to entry in the outlet pipe 70 with the opposite end lthereof connected to a fuel source (not shown). The fuel that is to be employed in the air fuel pipe assembly 75 may be gas, oil, or any other material capable of being placed in a gaseous or atomizable state. The free end of the fuel feed pipe 84 may be providedwith a jet or diffuser plate Which will place the air and lel mixture being passed into the outlet pipe 70 i4 1 width for a short distance upwardly to provide an expansion area for the secondary combustionzone. The upper outlet pipe 88 will extend upwardly for some distance since it will constitutel a portion ofthe exhaust stack or chimney of the incinerator. Toinsure a complete draft of the Iwaste products of combustion, a draft inducerSSa maybe mountedron the upper outlet pipe S8, if such appears necessary.` In the secondary combustion zone, the waste products of combustion pass out of the heat exchanger 50 and into the outlet pipe, wherein they will be admixed withthe fuel and hot air mixture being blown thereinto, and which will be burned in a comparatively small area by ignition of the fuel. This secondary combustion zone will effect a further burning with fresh air of heat exchanger 50 in a state such that it will beV yspark plug-.whichiis threaded into the threaded openings of f the pipe 70, with the spark gap end restingabove this discharge end of the terminal pipe element 84 The opposite end of the spark plug 86, which is the contact or terminal end thereof, is connected to an electrical lead line 87 which is, in turn, connected to a suitable power source, s uch as, for example, a battery or the like, since the fuel igniter will only be used intermittently when needed to ignite the air-fuel mixture dispensed'into the pipe 70 to establish the secondary combustion zone.

It will be found desirable in many instances, after a period of time in which the secondary combustion zone has been in operation, to cut off the fuel sinceV the stack temperature in the immediate area of the secondary com-` bustion zone will be suiliciently` high ,to permit a self# ignition ofthe fuel-air mixture and the` waste products of combustion. It will be necessary, howevenparticularly under such circumstances to have the secondary com bustion zone in reasonably'close proximity to the outlet end of the re burning'areaV proper in order to prevent any unnecessary heat loss.y v However, under general operation, it is preferred that the fuel be continuously' burned during the operation ofthe unit.

The construction just described results in a secondary combustion zone which is in the upper end ofthe outlet pipe 7 and which will extend abovethe expansion collar' 7l.` To retain the secondary combustion zone'jinA the desired conned area, an upper outlet pipe 8`8is .connected at one end to the expansioncollar 7 land thus to the' outletl end4 of theoutlet pipe 70 and extends upwardy therefrom" in axial alignment therewith. The upper outletpip'e 88 from its point yof attachment increases in cross-sectional exchanger 50 or the outlet end of the building unit 10 since it will be found advantageous in the overall eici- Vency of the incnerator to have the waste products of combustion burned while still in a relativelyrhot state with'no material amount of heat being dissipated tothe outside surface through the pipe member 70. A close association of the parts just describedfwill further insure no heat loss of the hot air obtained from the heat exchanger 31.

` The construction providing the secondary combustion zone for the ywaste products of combustion just described results in amaterial burning or otherwise partially converting the waste products of combustion generated by the burning of the waste material. However, suchprodd -ucts of combustion still are not in a state that they can be passed tozthe atmosphere-without creating problems.,

atmosphere.

To provide the -third combustion zone, an outer upper stack 89 is secured to the upper outlet pipe or inner stack 88 above the secondary combustion zione and extends upwardly therefrom in` spaced enveloping relationship with-V respect to the inner outletpipe 88. The outer stack 89 may be made of the same metal as the'inner stack 88 andV is secured thereto in spaced relationship by means of connecting rods 90 `extending therethrough at various convenient points. The outer stack member 89 extends up wardly and beyond` the outlet end 91 of the inner stack member S8 and constitutes ariinal exit stack for the ultimate waste products of combustion. The outer stackA member 89 is spiace-d.'circumferentially from the inner stack member 88 for a distance suflicientto provide a circurnferentialf air channel or passageway therebetween in which air will rise vertically. Thus the formed air channel therebetweenwill provideA air at the terminal or. exit end '91 of the inner stack member 88, with this zoneV just above the terminal end constituting the third combustion zone to effect the finalV burning of the waste productsof combustion such that they can be emitted to the atmosphere inacompletely safe and substantially cleanV state.

In order to provide a suitable third combustion zone, the inner stack member 88 must be of a sutiifliicient heightsuch that the air` passageway formed between the inner stack member 88 and the outer stack member 89 will be suiciently long to elf-ect a4 proper heat transfer between possible between the waste productsof combustion passing from the exit end 91 of the inner stack-.member 38 and the incoming air converging therewith Vat the exit end.

15 Y Thus the outer stack member 89 mustV not be spacedy from the inner stack member 88 at too great a distance such that the volume of air passing upwardly therebetween inthe formed air passage -will Abe too large in volume to be heated. The spacing should be sufiicientl to `permit a volume of air therein sutiicient to support the'further burning of the waste productsrof combustion, butV will be of a volume insuicient `to receive the heat transferred from the innser stack member 88 such that the air will not be heated to the required'temperature. VFrom the foregoing, it is believed obvious that the inner stack member 88 must be of a length and diameter and the outer stack member 89 must be so spaced lwith respect thereto that placed in a condition such that they can be passedto the the heat transfer between the inner stack member 88 and Inthe.'

atmospherev in a Acompletely ksafe fand unobjectionable s'tate.` As hereinbefore `indicated,`the heat exchanger and stackv assembly just. described' will be 'duplicated since two pairsof outlets are provided inthe building unit 10.V Thus the incineratorfwll have two stack and heat exchanger assemblies fork the incinerator. However, the invention is not toV be limitedV to two, ashereinbefore indicated. i v Y It is'to be clearly understood that the overall assembly of associated parts definingV vthe heat exchanger assembly and Vthe stack assembly to effect the desired utilization of exchanger with-the incinerator unit due to the fact that the heat exchangers will function as carbon traps and will normally catch and retain aY portion of `the 'carbon-pass! ing upwardly therein carried as a part of the waste products of combustion from thefincine'rator unit.

It is Valso to be understood that the illustrative apparatus for producing the secondary Vcombustion zoneis likewise illustrative incharacter only.l For example, the structureforming -the secondary combustion zone as disclosed Y in my copending application Serial No. 37,772, filed June 2l, 1960, now abandoned, may be employed equally as well with the heat exchanger assembly 50 of thepresent invention. By way of illustration, reference is now .to-be Yhad to FIGS. 9 and l() wherein a second formof apparatus for `forming the secondary Vcombustion zone isY shown.k The apparatus shown inFIGS. 9'and 10 for providing the secondaryombustionvzone comprises-aninner cylindricalV stack member 93 which is connected at its lower end to the exhaust outlet of theV heat exchangers 50. The inner stack member 93may be a conventionalv exhaust stack normally employed with incineratorsiand the like. The inner stack member 93 will extend upwardly through the frame support assembly 72 and be supported thereby, andiwill continue upwardly fora distancersuflcient, with respect to thecapacity ofthe incinerator and the Vvolume of waste products of combustion produced `reference numeral 94, `is mountedL on the outside surface ofthe inner stack member 93 for access thereinto about the normal discharge outlet of'the heat exchanger.-

Vstack member 9,3, and this maybe accomplished by forming an opening in the stackY which is in alignment with `the operating opening of the blower fan 94. YThe draft-im ducer or blower Yfan 94 illustrated herein is ofconvenv ously imparting a steadyV amount ofV air into theyinner` stack member 93 and at the Vsame time effecting the desired draft inducementof thewaste products of combustion may be employed in the'V present invention.4 Thesize of the blower fan 94 to be employed in the present inven;

tion will vary, depending upon the capacity of the burner` Vunit proper as well asthe diameter ofthe inner-stack 'member 93. Accordingly, any size blower lfan ymay be.

employed which will effect the ldesired draft inducement` f of the waste products of combustion and at the same,` time deploy a sufficient amount of air into the inner stack member 93 for admixture withthe rising vwaste products of combustion.V

- As shown, the blower-'fan 94takeslar from the sur` rounding atmosphere, but it is also possible to connect theinlet end of the blowerfanr 94 by means of suitable` piping, ducts, or the 1ik et one of the exhaust or outlet outlets of the air exhaust header35 ofthe heat'exchangerr" Y 31 such that extremely -hot air ,will be blowninto the.y

' exhaust stack at the secondary combustion zone.

An air lguide member, generally designated by reference t numeral 95,7is employed in association withthe airv` blower-fan 9V4Yto direct and control the direction ofthe t air beingdrawn into the inner` stack member 93 and to aid lin the creation of the draft Yfor thewaste products` Y ofcombustion. `The air guide -member 95 `includes a plurality of upwardly inclined arcuate plat'esf96, y 97, 98;'I

and 99, each of which is vertically spaced from oneanother and is 'of diminishing length with respectl toone,

Each of theupwardly inclined arcuate platesf 96, 97, 98, and 99 is united-along each side `edge tSide plates 100. The lateral width of the plates 96,` 97, 198,1 Y

another.

and199 is` relatively short lor narrow in order to create the desired' air actionand` present no deterentY to the Y n ormalV upward flowof the .wastefproducts'of combusfY tion, aswell as ,assisting-in the creation of the desired draft of same;

the air blower 94, with eachbeing vertically spacedV :one

above the other through which air will be blown inwardlyj and upwardly foradmixture with the products'of combustion rising upwardly throughV the inner memberl 93 from the lire burning Vunit proper.

The illustratedv airl guide member 95 maybe secured at opposed points to the inner sur-face of the innerl stack member 93 by spot Welding, brazing, bolting,or in any desired'manner. Alternatively,t he air guide'member 95 may be boltedithrough` the inner pipe member 93 to f the housing of the air blowerf94t The air guide member 95 maybe made of any suitable metal, such as,` forex-Vv ample, steel, cast iron, or similar'metal; Preferably the' metal employed-should be ofsuicient strength and heat Yresistance in order to impart a` long wearing life thereto,

therein, to carryoi the Waste products of'combus'tion,`

An air j ndyer Or blower fan, generally designated by` particularly since it is in the immediate area in ywhich the hot products of combustion rising from the heat exchanger 505are ignitedand the area mmediatelythere' above serves as a secondary combustion chamber in` which, l,

high ,heat will `be generated. A j V A small cylindrical fuel cup 101 is mounted to theinner surface of the innerxstack member 93 andrestson the -top Y surfaceofjthe air guide member 95? just above the inlet end of the blower .fanj94. The vfuel cup 101 is made of The blower fan 94 has access into the inner area of the inner Accordingly, nodetailed description thereof yis i Thisfconstruction results in a narrow, upwardly inclined arcuate, elongated plurality of'passs` ages in which the lower end of each is in association with? ,y

17 y any suitable metal, such as, -for example, steelor the like, but must possess a sucient high resistance to heatsince it is within this area that fuel is ignited to create the sec- `ondary combustion zone, in a manner to be described more fully hereinafter. The fuel cup 101 need not necessarily be mounted directly to the inner surface of the Y inner stack member 93, but may be inwardly spaced slightly therefrom and secured to the top edges ofthe side plates 100 of the air guide member'95 by welding or the like.

The fuel cup 101 is preferred in the present modification since it provides a small area in which the fuel may be injected and ignited without fear of any pre-ignition of the waste products of combustion and the air admixed therewith by means of the Y.blower 94. That yis to say, by the utilization of the fuel cup 101, there willV be no ignition of the Waste products of combustion until they reach the secondary combustion zone, which is in the immediate vicinity of the cup 101. However, it will be found possible under certain circumstances to eliminate the use of the fuel cup 101, such situations being where no preignition of the waste products of combustion and air will create a problem. However, in general, a fuel cup 101 will be found advantageous to be included in the overall unit.

A fuel nozzle 102 for injecting the fuel Within the fuel cup 101 is mounted to the bottom surface of the cup 101 and extends upwardly therein. The fuel nozzle 1%2 is of generally conventional design and is readily available on v the open market, and therefore no detailed description of same is believed necessary. As shown, one end of the fuel nozzle 102 constitutes the fuelexit end which isV within the fuel'cup 101, while the opposite end, which is outside thereof, is secured to a fuel inlet line 103 which extends through the inner stack member 93 and is connected to a suitable fuel source (not shown). The fuel to the employed in the present invention and to be dispensed from the fuel nozzle 102 may be any fuel that can be imparted into the fuelcup 101 in a jet or atomized state. Suitable fuels meeting these requirements are conventional fuel oil and gas, although any liquid or gaseous fuel capable of being dispensed in themanner indicated may be employed.

The igniter means to ignite the fuel in this modified form of the invention shown in FIG. 9 may be the same igniter member 86 shown and described hereinbefore with the other form of the invention. The igniter member 86 may be mounted in the same manner as hereinbefore described with the spark gas end extending into the fuel cup 101 and resting `above the discharge end of the fuel nozzle 102 to ignite the fuel in the samemanner as hereinbefore described. l

To achieve the third combustion zone, the same assembly hereinbefore described with respect Vto one form of the invention will be the same inthe modified form herein described. As illustrated in the modification, the outer upper stack 89 is secured to the innerV stack member 93 above the secondary combustion zone in spaced relationship therewith by means of connecting rods 90 extending therethrough at variousconvenient points. Thus the construction for producing the third combustion zone and the operation thereof to produce same will be identical in both forms of the invention illustrated herein. The foregoing description of the modified `form of apparatus for producing the secondary combustion zone has been had with respect to only one such assembly. However, it is to be clearly understood that the assembly will be duplicated for each heat exchangerV employed with the incinerator.

The heat exchanger assembly 31 mounted Withinthe building unit 10 has been illustrated as providing means for imparting extremely hot fresh air tothe outlet stack or pipe 70 for utilization in the secondary combustion zone. However, the heat exchanger unit 31 i-s capable of performing other functions. For example, Aif the hot fresh air formed in the heat exchanger 31 is not to be ,imparted to the outlet stach 70 or the inner stack 93 to support the secondary combustion zone, the hot air can be employed to heat any given area in the manner of the heat exchanger 50. This is possible by providing an air outlet header in vplace of header 35 which will be open only at one end with the opening being connected to suitable duct work for transmission of the heated air to any given area to heat same.

Alternatively, water may be the medium passed through the heat exchanger V31 to effect the production of hot water which may then be transmitted from the exhaust end of the outlet header to any desiredpoint for storage or for use.

While the foregoing description of one illustrative embodiment of the invention has been shown utilizing only an inner stack S8 and an outer stack 89 for each heater exchanger 56, it is to be clearly understood that an additional stack may be employed for each heat exchanger. The utilization of an additional or second outer stack Will be found advantageous with certain types of incinerators having a large capacity, and Where excessive and designating identical parts used in the -form of the inven- Vtion previously described. As illustrated, the refractory roof 41 has the exhaust openings 42 positionedrtherein in spaced` relation and the pair of heat exchangers 50 connected thereto in the same manner as hereinafter described. Similarly, each heat exchanger 50 is provided with an outlet pipe or stack 70 which extends upwardly to an expansion collar 71 mounted to the frame support 72. Each of the outlet pipes 70 immediately adjacent its connection with the expansionV collar is provided With anV airY guide member generally designated by reference numeral 95, a fuel burning cup 101, and igniter means 86 and S7 to provide a secondary combustion zone. This construction is at the area of the secondary combustion zone and is shown in detail in FIGS. 9 and l0 and will operate-in the same manner in this form of the invention. As in the form previously described, an inner stack 83 and an outer stack S9 are connected to each pipe 70 and will function in the same manner as hereinbefore described with other forms of the invention.

A second outer stack 160 in the modification shown in FIG. l2 is :placed in spaced, circumferentially enveloping relationship around each of the outer stacks 89, and will be secured thereto Vby conventional Spanner rods 161, ribs, or the like. Each of the second outer stacks 166 has its upper free end 162 terminating at a point below the upper free end of each of the outer stack members 89 and below the conventional rain cap 163 normally mounted on chimney stacks of this character. The purpose of having the upper end 162 of each of the second outer stacks 160 below the upper free end of each of the outer stacks 88 is to enable air to be drawn into the space formed between the second outer Ystack 160 and outer stack 83. The bottom free end of each of the second outer stacks 160 is closed and rendered airtight by a transversely extending cover plate 164 or the like, which is secured to the bottom circumferential edge of each of the second outer stacks 160 and to the outside surface of the outer stack member 89. This construction results in a completely airtight, cylindrical chamber be- 3,190,2agC

An outlet exit opening 165 is provided in'each ofthe Vsecond outer stacks 160 immediately adjacent the bottom end thereof, and will function as the air outlet means for the vair drawn down into eachvof the formed cylindrical vchambers from the entrance at the free end 162 above.'V

The outlet opening 165 in each of the second outer stacks 166 is provided with pipe outlet means generally desig- 'nated by reference numeral 166 which extends from; the outlet opening 1615 of each of the second outer stacks 166 to an air blower 167 which will function las the means for transmitting the air from each of the enclosed chambers of each ystack for admixture with the exhaust gases rising upwardly from theheat exchanger tothe sec.-V

ond combustion zone therein. Y A

In the illustrative embodiment shown in FIG.r 12, vthe pipe outlet means 166 present therein exemplify another form of means for imparting air into the second cornbustion zone, which has not been shown hereinbefore. The pipe outlet means 166 comprise a cross-pipe member 168 having its'opposite free ends connected to the outlet end 165 of each of the second outer stacksrltl by any suitable means, such as, for example, welding,.thread The cross-pipe member 168 is connectedrsub-y element which permits the withdrawing of hot airV from` each of the second outer stacks 160 and mixing and converging same into a single pipe 169 connected to the air blower 167.' Y Y The air inlet pipe means, generally designated by reference-numeral 170, is connected tothe outlet side of the Vair blower 167 for transmitting heated Vairinto lthe second combustion zone. The air inlet pipeV means 170 include a vertical outlet pipe 171 connected at one end to the discharge side of the blower 167, with the opposite end connected to substantially the mid-point of a cross.- pipe element 172` which is of a diameter less than'that of the'verticalroutlet pipe 171.` The opposite free ends of the cross-pipe element 172 are connected respectively to the inlet side of the air guide member 95 of each Outlet pipe means 70 of each stack for transmittingthe hot Y air to the second` combustion zone of each stack. This construction defines an inverted T-shaped unit for collecting the hot air Vfrom the blower and dividingsame into twoair streams, one for each stack.

It is to be clearly'understood that the'foregoing de# scription of one modification employing two outer stacks and the associated outlet pipe means for distributing the Y air to the secondary combustion zone vis for illustrative purposes only and exemplies only one forrnof the invention'utilizing'the two outer stacks for transmitting the heated air to the secondary combustion zone; For

example, the air contained in the second outer stack of` each stack unit need not be brought in and distributed by a common blower, Rather, each stack unit may be provided with an individual blower connected at one end to the air guide means 95, with the opposite end of each being coupled vto the discharge outlet V165 -carried in the second outlet stack 160 of each stack unit. Thus it isbelieved obvious that there are severalways to trans'-` mit air in the formed chamber between each of the outer l stacks' 160 and 89 to the secondary combustion zone.

Further, such air may be directed into the secondary combustion zone by means other'than the `airguide means95 and its associated parts as shown inFIGS.f9 and 10.

Y The operation of the modified form shown in FIG. 12 to achieve the second and third combustion zones is basically the same as hereinbefore described. The waste material, when burned in the in'cinerator, transmits heat 'and waste products of combustion to the heat exchangers 50. Ther `waste products Vof combustion then pass up through the exhaust stack to the second combustion zone and hence to the third combustion zone in identically ithe same manner as hereinbefore described with other Vforms of the invention.

When the outer Vstack l89, after a period of operation, becomes -quite hot, heat will be transmitted to the second outer stack likewise placV` ing each of these second outer stacks in, a-heatedstate.`

Air will be drawn downwardly through .the upper free end 162 of the second outer. stack 160.into the formed` chamber between the second outer stack 160 and theouter stack 89 of each stack unit. During the downward passage of the air, it will become quite hot due to radiation. The heated air is drawn out of the outlet of each of the formed air chambers of each stack by the blower 167, through` the top cross pipe 168 and into the vertical pipe 169. Thus heated air is drawn from each enclosed chamber of each stack unit and isblended and. admixed with one another by the blower.

The blower 167 passes the entire'volume of the heated 'air collected from eachV 0f. the Stack .units through a vertical inlet pipe 171. VThe heated air is then divided in the lower. vertical pipe 172 with substantially equal parts thereof being passed to the air guide membervSS': This operation results in the transmittal of extremely hot, fresh air to the secondary combustion zone, thereby materially increasing the eiciency ofthe y of each unit.

secondary combustion zonel with a resulting greater con-y sumption of the waste products of combustion at this zone.

large incinerator units having a large capacity `in which large quantities of wasteYY products of Vcombustion are.. rgenerated to lprovideVm-eans to insure a prompt; and comi plete Ythroughput of .such waste products of` combustion tothe secondcombustion zone to effect the consumption thereof. There Iare severalV ways by which'this `can ,be

accomplished. VFor example, as shown in the -illustrativfefjY embodiment of the invention, each heat exchanger unit" 59 is provided with a single exhaust outlet 60 and a single z exhaust pipe outlet 70. This `construction'constitutes thei sole discharge outlet for the waste products of combustion generated in the incinerator. To provide 'additional4 i lauxiliary exhaust means for transmitting the waste prod-4 `ucts of` `combustion from the heatA `exchanger 50.1 to

the second combustion zone, an outlet opening may be` provided on each side ofthe 'central discharge `outlet.`

69 of the heat exchanger in slightly spaced, lateral re.` lationshp thereto. will be provided with pipe means which extend upwardly therefrom and then inwardly Vto the connecting ypipe 70.`

or the inner stack member 88 at a point at or just above the fuel outlet'102 in the outer stack 88 or theconnecting u pipe 70.

This construction results, inraddition to the single main exhaust outlet, additional exhaust means for insuring the, complete and prompt passing of the hot waste products ofcombustion upwardly frornthe `heat exchangery 50 and then into the inner stack 88 orV the connecting stack70 .at the secondary combustionzone Where same is burned therein. 1 It is not necessary for auxiliary sideioutlets to have the waste products of combustion carried thereby fed into the secondary combustion zone at its initial point` of formation. For example, the waste products of, conlbustion carried bythe auxiliary sidefoutlets fromfeach of the. heat exchangers may be carried into the exhaust stack88 at a vpoint'above the initial formation ofthe secondary combustion zone. Y I the secondary combustion zone when in operation will Y transmit heat over an area su'icientlylarge to ignite the waste products of combustionbeing fed thereinto bythe auxiliary pipes at a point above the initial formation :of

the secondary combustion zone.

` Reference is now to be had to FIGS. 1, l3,-aud 11` It will also be found advantageous with respect tol` Each side auxiliary outlet openingr3 The reason'forthis is that.

21 Y wherein the apparatus in which a waste receptacle ap paratus, generahy designated by reference numeral 11d, is shown. The waste receptacle apparatus 110 functions as the means for transporting the material to be burned into and out of the building unit J11d/thereby insuring that the Waste material during burning will not come into actual contact with the side walls and end walls of the building unit 10.

The waste receptacle apparatus 11G includes a base frame support, generally designated by reference numeral 111, having a pair of spaced, parallel,V downwardly turned U-shaped, lower channel members 112 which are spaced apart fnom one another for a distance substantial- 1y equal to the distance between the pair of rails 113 extending along the oor 11 of the building unit 1h. A plurality of pairs of mounting plates e113 are connected to the downwardly extending -lianges of the U-shaped channel members 112with the bottom end of each pa-ir of mounting plates 1.113 being provided with axially aligned openings therein in which wheel stub shafts 114 are mounted to serve as a means for mounting a wheel 116 to each pair of mounting plates 113. The wheels 116 are flanged wheels of the type that will run on the rails 13. This construction results in a plurality of spaced wheels 116 which willbe mounted on the tracks 13 to move the receptable apparatus 11G into andV out of the building unit 10.

The bottoml frame support elements 112 are connected to one another by va plurality of top transversely extending U-shaped structural frame elements 117 which are secured to the top surface of the bottom -frame support 112 by welding, bolting, or the like, and lie in a vertical `plane with respect thereto. The top U-shaped structural frame elements 117, in addition to functioning as connecting links for the bottom frame Vsupport elements 112, will be associated in pairs in order to provide means for receiving ash drawers 11S therein. As illustrated, one .transversely extending U-:shaped top frame Velement 117 1s secured immediately adjacent the front end of each of the bottom support frame elements 112 with the flange portions thereof extending inwardly and rearwardly. The next transversely extending U-shaped top frame element to connect the bottom frame elements 112 is so Vpositioned on the top surface thereof that the respective iiange portions thereof will extend forwardly in the direction of the ange portions of the iirst or front support frame element 117, thereby defining opposed side channels into which ash drawers 11S may be removably positioned along each side thereof in a manner to be' more fully described hereinafter. Any number Vof desired pairs -of transversely extending top frame elements 117 may be employed in this manner which will be sufficient to impart the desired strength toV the waste receptacle i191@ and @yet provide a sucient number of pairs of frame elements for an adequate number of ash drawers 11S. In general, a suicient number of pairs of top, transversely `extending frame elements '1:17 -will'ibe employed to provide a sufficient number of receptacles 118 to extend beneath the entire surface of the waste Ireceptacle assembly to receive burned residue therein, Vthereby enabling the ready withdrawal of such material without breaking down the receptacle or climbing thereinto.V Such advantages will be more apparent from the description given hereinafter. v

A plurality of short, vertical support pipe elements 119 ,are secured to the outside `faces of the front and rear transversely extending U-shaped support elements 117 respectively in vertical alignment with the front and rear ends of each of the bottom support; elements 112, with the upper free ends of the vertical pipe support elements 119 extending above the top surface of the upper support elements 117. This assembly results in four open ended spaced pipe receptacles extending upwardly from the top surface of the upper support elements 117, and which will serve as means for mounting the basket portion of surface of top frame Velements 117.

The foregoing assembly just described defines a supporting base assambly 111 on which a basket assembly, generally designated by reference numeral 120, will be carried in detachable relationship therewith. The basket assembly 120 will possess a conguration substantially identical with and of substantially the same dimensions as the base frame support assembly111, and includes frontV and rear header pipes 121 and 122 which extend intransverrse relationship to the bottom U-shaped frame support elements 112, and are in substantially parallel relationship with one another. The front header pipe 121 is provided with a pair of spaced, outwardly extending pipe nipples 123 which are so spaced with respect to the front transversely extending header 121 that they will extend Y downwardly into the vertical'pipes 119 secured to the transversely extending U-shaped frame elements 117 and will be in detachable relationship therewith. The rear transversely extending header` pipe 122 likewise is provided with downwardly extending pipe nipples 123 which are so positioned thereon that they will slide into the pipes 119 on the rear transversely extending support elements 117. VThis construction will result in the front and rear header pipes 121 and 122 of the basket assembly 12@ secured to the frame assembly 111 in vertically spaced relationship therewith, and yet be in detachable relationship therewith.

A plurality of spaced pipe nipples 124 are positioned along each rear face of the front header 121 and extend rearwardly therefrom. Similarly, the rear, transversely extending header 122 is provided with a plurality of like v nipples 124 which extend inwardly or forwardly in the direction of the pipe nipples. 123 of the front header 121 and are in axial alignment therewith. The pipe nipples 124 are not threaded but extend into the front header 121 Vand the rear header 122 for passage of air into each of the headers 121 and 122, as will be described more fully hereinafter. Each of the pipe nipples 124 of thefront header 121 is connected to a corresponding pipe nipple 124 connected on the rear header'122 by pipes125. The pipes 125 have a diameter such that each free end of each pipe will be positioned within the pipe nipples 124 by a slip ljoint connection. The advantage of this arrangementV is that during the time when intense heat is being generated in the incinerator, the side pipesA 125 will `be able to expand within the pipe nipples 124i.` Each'of the pipes 125 .has its uppersurface provided with a plurality of holes 125:1 thereinthrough which air will be passed upwardly vto support combustion during the burning of the waste material. The pipes 125 will also rest on the top surface Yof the transverse pipes 11S thereby further supporting them.

An air inlet coupling pipe 127 extends rearwardly from the side of the rear header 122 and functions as the means for transmitting air into the rear header 122, and hence through the pipes125 and out of the openings 125a formed therein to support the combustionof the -wastematerials to be burned. The air inlet coupling pipe 127 is so positioned with respect to the rear header 122 that when `the cart assembly 110 is positioned within the 'building unit 10, it will seat in an air supply line 128 which extends through 'the rear wall 16 oftheV building unit 10 with the opposite end of the air line being connected to an air blower 129 or other air supply means. To assist in the proper and automatic coupling of the air coupling line 127 and the air inlet line 12S, the forward `free end of vided with van outwardly flared funnel element 130, therematerial during burning, or, if desired, may be merely welded or otherwise secured to the outside surface of the headers 121 and 122 and the side pipes 124. The function of these vertically extending pipe nipples 131 is Vto enable the attachment of the basket framework to the bottom frame assembly. To accomplish this, vertically' extending frame pipe elements 132 are provided at each corner of the headers 121 and 122Yandrextend upwardly therefrom in vertical relationship with respect thereto.

The vertically extending frame pipe elements 132 are held in engagement therewith by slipping each over the pipe 4nipples 131 by a slip joint connection which will permit yexpansion between the associated elements during the burning of waste materialin the incinerator.

Aside walls and the rear wall of -the basket assemblyr120 will be provided with similar open framework mats 137 which likewise maybe of Ya diamond mesh construction.` The purpose of the mats 13,6 and 137 is to retain all types of material regardless of the. size within thebasket assembly 120 during burning. Moreover, the bottom openl mesh mate 136 will serve to' prevent any large pieces` of residue remaining after burning from shifting downwardl ly into the ash drawers yet will permit ash and small pieces to sift therethrough into the drawers 1123.V A heat baille plate 138 in the form of a metal sheet may be secured 1 to the front face of the'basket assembly to prevent heat The vertically extending frame pipe elements 132 are connected to one anotherl by` a plurality of vertically spaced, horzontallyextending frame pipeV elements'133V which results inan extremely rigid, open, basket frame. The horizontally extending frame pipe `elements 133 are shown asrbeing welded ateach end to the vertically extending frame pipe elements 132.' However, it is to be Vunderstood that this may be accomplished byemploying a slip joint connection at each association in order toallow for expansion during the burningnof waste material or to permit the ow of air. therein.V ln the event of the latter,

Athe horizontal pipe elements 133 will have access into the inner area of the vertical pipe elements 132 which, in turn, will have access into the inner area of the headers 121 and A122 thereby forming a closed air system Vnotonly throughV the bottom pipes 125 but also at one or more levels thereabove. Insuch a construction, the horizontal pipe elements 133 and also, if desired, the vertical pipe elements 132 will be provided with openings facinginwardly to permit air to be blown into the area defined by the basket assembly. Y l g t v regard to the distributionV of lair, into the with further Ybasket assembly above its bottom level, it is to be noted that more than one air inlet assembly may be employed.

Forexample,v Vthe rear wall 16 may be providedwith another opening vertically spaced upwardly from the kopening 17 shown therein and will be so positioned as to .be in horizontalalignment with one of the rear horizontally extending pipe'elements 133 andpositioned midwayY betweenithervertical pipe elements 132. IThe rear and the Yfront horizontally extending pipe elements 133 `extend- .ing along this midpointilevel .will be in the form of headers with the two horizontally extending pipe elements at this level being connected kthereto in thensame manner as the bottom pipes 125 areto the headers 121 and 122. The

rear horizontally extending pipe element functioning asy a header will be provided with a rearwardly extending Vair pipe line element which will b e capable of engaging or coupling with an air inlet coupling mounted in the opening in the rear wall 16 and which is, in turn,` connected to an air blower positioned outside the building unitl).Y

This construction results in two vertically spaced air inlet levels to support the combustion ofthe waste materials to be burned. It should be noted that in this modification,

the upper air blower should operate at a relatively high pressure andthe lower air blower should operate at a lower pressure for best results. i

If desired, additional vertical reinforcing rods 134 may Vbe secured by welding or the like to the outside surface of the horizontally extending pipe support element 3133 at convenient points therealong. It will be found advantageous to provide an open frame work mat 136, which may be `in the form of a diamond mesh construction, on the` Atop upper surface of the pipes 125. Similarly, the two in the waste Vreceptacle apparatus ceptacle apparatus 110 after' being fully vloaded is being directed :outwardly toward the doors.

front face of the basket assembly. 1 Y

No electrical controls have been shown in any of the embodiments of the invention hereinbefore. described.`

However, such controls to be employed inthe ypresent invention are,conventional,"and are readily available on the `open market. Such controls to `effect the operation ofthe various blowers and like electrical parts maybe positioned at any point or location 'on the incinerator, as desired. Y

In the operation of the illustrative embodiment of the incinerator herein made in accordance withl the present invention, the waste material to ,beiburned is placed 110. The repushed in Y:on the rails 13 into the building'unit 10 until the air pipe element 127 ofthe receptacle 110 engages and is coupled with the air inlet pipe 128 extending through the rear walls 16 of the building unit 10. This operation'places the unit 10 in a state ready for operation to effect the burning'of the waste material.` The waste material is Yignited and doors 21 and 22 of the build- 'ing unit 10 are closed thereby sealing the building `unit 10.

The air blower 129 connected to the air inlet pipe 128 is set intooperation t-o blow=air under pressure into the -rear header pipe 122 -of the receptacle 110,` and hence.

through the pipes V125. The air blowing through the yrear header pipe 122 and out through the openings 126 in the pipes 125 will provide suiiicient oxygen to effect an effi iicient and rapid burning of the'waste` material in the Yreceptacle apparatus 110 `regardless of the volume of the,I Moreover, the introduction of the. air` waste material. Y yin this manner to support the combustion lwill provide a constant cooling of the pipes 125 such that they will not.l burn out readily. vThis. manner of providing` air for;

support ofY combustion to effect the burning of the .waste material results in the hottest zone being always adjacent thebottom ofthe cartrassembly. Thus the waste material sifts downwardly as the material is being burned.

This will provide advantageous not only in eliect` an "etlicient and rapid burning, but also results lin the ashes (and other residue shifting downwardly continuously into the ashreceptacles y113. This operation facilitates the ultimate removal of the ashesupon the completion ofthe burning. Y .Y Y

During theinitial commitment of the burning of the waste material in the building unit 10, the blower 34 on the air inlet header 33 of the heat exchanger 31,`as well as the blowers 62 of the heat exchangers 50 are set into.

operation. The heat, smoke,.ar1d other waste products of combustion generated in the incinerator during the burning of the waste material theremV passes upwardly` `iilling the entire upper area of the building unit 10, and

surrounds the pipes 32 of the heat exchangerl, thereby 1 heating,'through heat transfer relationship, Vthe air being blown through the pipes 32 by means of the air blower 34. This operation will result'in hot air passing outwardly l fromV the pipes 32into the airoutlet header 35 for use in The heat bathe plate 138 may have its upper edge outwardly curved 1 forming a hook portion'which will tit over Ythe front Y top horizontally extending VpipeV element 133 4with the remaining portion of the plate resting against the inside;

2d support of this secondary combustion zone, as will be described more fully hereinafter.

The heat and waste products of combustion pass upwardly and out from the building unit 16 through the outlets` 42 positioned .in .the roof 41, and into the heat exchangers 50 to the pairs of spaced outlet pipes 47, and into the heat trap member 64. rthe heat exchangers 5i) will continuously heat the air ,being blown therethrough by means yof the blower 62 in transvers relationship to the ow of the smoke and heat from the incinerator. The heat and smoke which constitute the waste products of combustion follow .the tortuous path in the heat exchanger housing 50 in the manner hereinbefore described, and will reach the exit end -or top outlet on the top surface of the outlet shell body "53.V The heat and waste products oi' combustion pass out of the heat exchangers 5) through the outlets 69 int-o the outlet pipes '76. As such waste products of combustion and heat rise upwardly in the pipes 70, they will come into intimate contact with the mixture of hot gases coming from vthe heat exchanger 31 and the fuel coming into pipe 70 through the air mixture fuel assembly 75, and will be intimately admixed therewith. The admixture-of waste products of combustion and the fuel-air mixture is ignited and burned by the igniter 86. The burning of the mixture fot fuel-air and waste products of combustion creates a secondary combustion zone in which :the waste products of combustion are further burned, with such burningresulting in an extremely high temperature being created-at this secondary combustion zone.

The waste products of Vcombustion rise upwardly from the secondary combustion zone through the inner outlet pipe 8S and are admixed with the air rising upwardly between the inner outlet pipe 88 and the outer stack pipe S9 at the exit end of the inner outlet pipe 88. As the air passes upwardly in the formed passageway between the inner pipe 88 and the outer pipe 89,the air will be readily heated by the heat transfer relationship with the surface of the inner pipe 83. Thus when the air mixes with the Waste products of combustion of the secondary combustion zone at the exit end of the inner pipe 38, the mixture etlects a self-ignition with a corresponding further burning of the remaining waste products of combustion being obtained. This further burning in the third combustion zone results in a substantially complete burning of the remaining waste products of combustion and the products therefrom will rise upwardly and outwardly through the outer pipe 39 and. into the atmosphere in a state which is not objectionable.

Upon completion of the burning Aof the Waste material in the receptacle apparatus 1li?, the doors 21 and 22 of the building unit l0 are opened, and the receptacle apparatus is withdrawn therefrom. It will be found, due to the manner of supplying air to the burning zone of the incinerator, that the receptacle apparatus 110 can be handled without irst permitting same to be cooled. The ash drawers 118 are emptied and :the large particles not otherwise capable of being burned, if any are present, may be removed. The receptacle 110 is then refilled with l Waste material tobe burned and reinserted in the building unit 1t). This operation is continued until all of the Waste material to be destroyed has been burned.

Whiledthere have been described herein what are at present considered preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications and changes may be made therein without departing from the essence of the invention. It is therefore to be understood that the exemplary embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims, and that all modications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be included therein. Y

25 I claim: 1. An incinerator construction comprising `a building unit having a door, side walls, rear wall, door means and a roof, spaced track means in the floor Iof said build-ing unit, cart means for receiving material to be burned mounted on .said track means for movement into and out of said `building unit, said cart .means including a plurality of hollow pipe means connected to one another defining a pair of side walls and front .and rear Walls, at least one of said pipe means having a plurality of openings axially Ispaced .therealong for directing air inwardly within the cas-t means, one of said pipe means forming said rear wall of said cart means having at least one nipple extending outwardly thereiinom in substantially right .angled relationship to the rea-r wall of said building unit, air inlet means Vin said rear wall of said building unit for detachable,

axial engagement with said nipple of said rear wall of said cart means for passage of air through the pipes formingv unit having a door, side Walls, rear Wall, door means and `a roof, spacedtrack means in the floor of `said building uni-t, .cart means for receiving material to be burned mounted .on said track means for movement into and out of said building unit, said cant means including a plurality of hollow pipe means .connected to one another delining a pair of side walls and front and rear fwalls, .at least one of said pipe means having a plurality of openings axially spaced therealong for directing airinwardly Within the cart means, one of said pipe means forming said rear wall of said cart means havin-g at least one nip-ple extending :outwardly therefrom in substantially right angled relationship to the rear walll cfs-aid building unit, air inlet means in said rear Iwall of said build-ing unit for detachable, laxial engagement with .sa-id nipple of said rear Wall of said cant means for passage of air through the pipes forming said cant and out through the plurality of openings to support combustion of .the m-ateri-al to be burned, heat exchanger means mounted in said building unit immediately below said roof, at least one outlet means in said roof above said heat exchanger means for passage ofthe waste products of combustion therethrough, and exhaust means secured to said outlet means.-

. An incinenator construction .comprising a building ,unit having a floor, side wall-s, rear wall, door means and Y rality of hollow .pipe means connected to one another detining a pair of side walls and front and rear walls, at least one of said pipe meanshaving a plurality of openings ax-ially spaced .therealong for directing air inwardly -Within the cart means, one of said pipe means forming said rear wall of said cart means having at least one nipple extending outwardly therefrom in substantially right angled relationship to the rear wall of said building unit, air inlet means in said rear wall of said buildin-g unit for detachable, axialengagement With said nipple Iof said rear wall of said cart means for passage of air through the pipes forming said .cant and out through the plurality of. openings to support combustion of the material to be burned, at least one outlet means in said roo-r` dior passage of the Waste products of combustion therethrough, exhaust stack means secured to said outlet means, and heat exchanger means associated with said stack means, lsaid heat exchanger means being in substantially right angle relationship to .the ow of the waste products of Vcombustion through said stack means.

4. An incinerator construction comprising `fa `building unit having .a door, side Walls, rear wall, door means and Yrear wall of said cart means vhaving at least one nipple extendingt outwardly` therefrom in substantially righ angled relationship to the `rear'wall of said building unit, air inlet means in said rear wall of said building unit'for detachable, laxial engagement with said nipple of said rear wall of said cart means for passage of air throughk the pipes forming said cart and out through the plurality of e openings to support combustion of the material to be burned, heat exchanger'means mounted in said building unit immediately below said roof, at least one outlet means in said roof above said heat'exchanger means for passage of.'waste products of combustion therethrough, lexhaust stack means secured yto` said outlet mean, Vand heat exchanger means associated with said stack means, Y said heat exchanger means'being fin substantially rightV angle relationship to the ilow of, the waste products ofV combustion through said stack means.

`5. An incinerator constructioncomprising -a building unit havin-g a floor, sidewalls, rear wall, door means and a roof, spaced track means in the oor of said .building unit, cart means for receiving materialtobe burned mounted on said track means for movement into and out of hollow pipe means .connected to one another defining a pair of side walls and front and rear walls,at least one of said pipe means having a plurality of openings axially spaced therealong for directing air inwardly within the :cart means,l one of said pipe means formingsaid rear Wall of saidcart means having at least one nipple extending outwardly .therefrom in substantially right angled relationship to the rear wall of said building-unit, air inlet means in said rear wall of saidY buildingv unit for detachable,

'axial enga-gement with Ysaid nipple ofrsaid rear wall ofV Y ysaid cart means for passage of' air through the pipes -form- Y ing said cart and out through the plurality Vof openings to support combustion of the material to be burned, heat exchanger means mountedY in said buildingrunit im-r` mediately below said roof, said Vheat exchangermeansrincluding a plurality of pipes extending through eachv side wall of said unit, an air inlet'header` mean-s connected `to one end of said pipes on theV outside face of oneof said side Walls, air .blower meansy at one end Yoit'gsaid inlet header, and an air outlet header connected tok they other Vof said building unit, said cart means including a plurality t v '77. A waste receptacle vap-par-atusfor use in an inicnerator construction comprising base means, means connected V.to said base means to permit same to be moved into and out of said incinerator construction, basket means mounted on said .base means, said basket means including front headermeans, rear header means in spaced parallel relationship to said -front header means, a plurality of spaced, parallel pipes operatively connecting said'front and rear header means, at least one of said plurality of pipes having a plurality. of openings therein, air inlet means con. nected to said rear header means to4 permit pair to be blown into said front Iand rear headers and said :plurality of pipes, front and rear frame means and side frame means connected to one anotherV and at least to said front and rear header means. t

18. Apparatus for permitting rthe emission yof lwaste products of combustion to the atmosphere in an unobjection- Y able state comprising Vdirs-t, inner exhaust stack means adapted to :be secured at its Vlower end to the exhaust outlet of a lire burning apparatus, lair supply means secured to said iirst stack ymeans adjacent its lower end rto supply air thereto, fuel dispensing mean-s securedto said stack 1 v means adjacent said air supply means, Yignition means for igniting said-fuel to effect aninitial :burning of *the waste products vof combustion in the lower end of the inner stack means, a second stack means secured to saidV inner stackv Ymeans inprcircumferentially spaced, enveloping relationshipythe lower end of said `second ,stack means being spaced above 'said ifuel supply means rwith the upper end Ithereof terminating at a pointabove the upper rtree end ofsaid iirst stack means thereby deining an lair passageway therebetween of substantial length along 'which air rwill #be drawn, a third stack means secured to said second stack means 'in circumferentially spaced, enveloping relationship :for-ming an `passageway therebetween, the; lower end of said third-stack means being `closed and spaced above the lower end of said second stack means,

V'fthe upper end of Asaid :third stack means terminatingy libelow the'upper end :of Isaid second stack means, and means connecting the lower partion of said third stack means to. said air supply means Y i `9. Apparatus in accordance with claim 8 wherein `said Yair supply means comprises a plurality of narrow arcuate plate means 'of diminishing length vertically spaced from one another, side members uniting said plate means along each side edge thereof, said side members spanning .the

internal diameter of said iir'ststack means, and `air Iblowy ing `means mounted :on the outside of said lirst stack means Y in association with said plate means to iblow air into and end of said pipes on the koutside tace of the oppositeY side wall of said building unit, at least one outlet'means in said roof above said heat exchange means for passage of waste products of combustion therethrough, and exhaust means secured to said' outlet means.

6. VA waste receptacle apparatus for .use in lan incinerator construction comprising a base frame means, Wheel means secured tothe bottom of said base frame means, a plurality of vertically extending first short support pipe means secured to said frame means and extending above the top sur-face of said base frame means,k basket base Y means including a front header pipe, a rear header` pipe and a plurality of spaced, parallel pipes operatively conf necting said front and rear header pipes, at least one of ysaid Yplurality of,V pipes having a plurality of Yopenings therein, and air inlet nipple means connected to said rear 'header means-providing access thereinto, a plurality of vertically extending second short pipe support means secured yto said front and rear header pipes and extending below said header pipe-s, said second pipe support means being in registered relationship 4withrsaid first pipe means,

fand a frame basket member mounted on said basket'base member.

up through said plate means.

V10. Apparatus for permitting the emission of Waste produ-cts of combusti-on to the atmosphere in an unobjec-` tionable state lfrom tire rburning apparatus having a heat` exchanger disposed Within the tire burning apparatus comprising, tfirst inner exhaust stack means adapted to be 1 connected at its lower end to the exhaust outlet of the` tire burning apparatus, air supply means secured to said :first stack means adjacent its lower end to supply air therer l tinto, fuel dispensing means secured to said stack means adjacent `said air supply means,-ignition means tor igniting said fuel to effect an initial burning `ofthe 'waste products of combustion in the lower end of .theinner' stack means, a'second stack means secured to Ysaid inner stack means in circumferentially spaced,` enveloping relation-4 t ship, the lower end of ysaid second stack means being e spacedy above said -fuel supplyr means withthe upper end thereof terminating at a pointV above `the upper,`

-free end of said iirst stackmeans thereby deining .an air passageway therebetween of substantial length along which air -will be drawn, -a third stack means secured -to said second stack means Vin Vcircumft-:rentially spaced, enveloping relationship lforming .an air passage-k way therebetween, the lower end of l'said third stack means Vbeing closedand spaced above the lower end of saidsec-L 4ond stack means, the upper end of -said third stack means`

Claims (1)

1. AN INCINERATOR CONSTRUCTION COMPRISINGG A BUILDING UNIT HAVING A FLOOR, SIDE WALLS, REAR WALL, DOOR MEANS AND A ROOF SPACED TRACK MEANS IN THE FLOOR OF SAID BUILDING UNIT, CART MEANS FOR RECEIVING MATERIAL TO BE BURNED MOUNTED ON SAID TRACK MEANS FOR MOVEMENT INTO AND OUT OF SAID BUILDING UNIT, SAID CART MEANS INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF HOLLOW PIPE MEANS CONNECTED TO ONE ANOTHER DEFINING A PAIR OF SIDE WALLS AND FRONT AND REAR WALLS, AT LEAST ONE OF SAID PIPE MEANS HAVING A PLURALITY OF OPENINGS AXIALLY SPACED THEREALONG FOR DIRECTING AIR INWARDLY WITHIN THE CAST MEANS, ONE OF SAID PIPE MEANS FORMING SAID REAR WALL OF SAID CART MEANS HAVING AT LEAST ONE NIPPLE EXTENDING OUTWARDLY THEREFROM IN SUBSTANTIALLY RIGHT ANGLED RELATIONSHIP TO THE REAR WALL OF SAID BUILDING UNIT, AIR INLET MEANS IN SAID REAR WALL OF SAID BUILDING UNIT FOR DETACHABLE, AXIAL ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID NIPPLE OF SAID REAR WALL OF SAID CART MEANS FOR PASSAGE OF AIR THROUGGH THE PIPES FORMING SAID CART AND OUT THROUGH THE PLURALITY OF OPENINGS TO SUPPORT COMBUSTION OF THE MATERIAL TO BE BURNED, AT LEAST ONE OUTLET MEANS IN SAID ROOF FOR PASSAGE OF THE WASTE PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION THERETHROUGH, AND EXHAUST MEANS SECURED TO SAID OUTLET MEANS.

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