US2983034A - Metal graphite compacts - Google Patents
Metal graphite compacts Download PDFInfo
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- US2983034A US2983034A US855321A US85532159A US2983034A US 2983034 A US2983034 A US 2983034A US 855321 A US855321 A US 855321A US 85532159 A US85532159 A US 85532159A US 2983034 A US2983034 A US 2983034A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
Definitions
- This invention relates to the powdered metal art and is more specifically concerned with powdered metal compacts in which unusually large percentages of graphite May 8, 1958, now abandoned.
- metal component has been selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and aluminum. These metals have been employed to bond together large amounts of either graphite or diamond.
- a graphite stool has been denominated 10.
- a globule of molten metal has been denominated '11.
- VA tangent 12 has been drawnto globule llwhere globule 11 intersectsgraphite stool 10.
- Angle A isthe angle included between tangent 1 2 and the upper surface of the graphite stool as measured through the globule. The inventors have discovered that as long as the angle A is substantially not in excess of ninety degrees, metal of the constitution of that in globule 11 may be incorporated in a graphite compact and sintered above the melting point of the globule Without substantial loss of metal due to sweating.
- angle A may be defined as follows: Cosine A is equal to the difierence between the surface energy of the graphite and the solid liquid interfacial energy, this, difference being divided by the 'surface'tensionof the liquid phase. Or, otherwise expressed,
- E is the surface ten- Calcium Barium Strontium Magnesium
- the amounts of calcium, barium, strontium, and magnesium to be added ,to the graphite-metal compact or diamond-metal compact are not critical. Economic factors will usually limit the addition of these elements to the smallest amount which will produce effective results. However, within reason larger amounts will do no harm. Because of its cheapness and ready availability, calcium in the form of calcium silicide is preferred for the pracium silicide was approximately 45 percent, barium, re-
- the magnesium ferro silicon had a composition of about 11 percent magnesium, 39 percent iron and the remainder silicon.
- Iron graphite compacts were prepared from iron powder and graphite powder which had been separately ground to pass a 140 mesh screen and then ball milled together in benzene for four hours to insure proper mixing. The mixture was cold pressed in a hardened steel die using pressures of 50,000 to 100,000p0unds per square inch. The compacts were sintered in a vacuum of from 100 to 200 microns and in ambients of hydrogen, helium and argon. The temperature of sintering was 2400 F. and the time was sixty minutes.
- the following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5. percent by Weight calcium silicide and percentby weight iron powder. Any size iron powder from 60 to-325-mesh is in volume percentages.
- Cobalt graphite compacts were prepared from cobalt powder and graphite powder which had been separately ground to pass a 325 mesh screen and then ball milled together in benzene for four hours to insure proper mixing.
- the mixture was cold pressed in a hardened steel die using pressures of 50,000 to 100,000 pounds per square inch.
- the compacts were sintered in a vacuum of from 100 to 200 microns and in ambients of hydrogen, helium and argon. The temperature of sintering was 2500 F. and the time was sixty minutes.
- the following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight calcium silicide and 95 percent by weight cobalt powder.
- a cobalt powder of 325 mesh is suitable.
- the compositions given in the following table are in volume percentages.
- Copper graphite compacts were prepared from copper powder and graphite powder which had been separately ground to pass a 200 mesh screen and then ball milled together in benzene for four hours to insure proper mixing.
- the mixture was cold pressed in a hardened steel die using pressures of 50,000 to 100,000 pounds per square inch.
- the compacts were sintered in a vacuum of from 100 to 200 microns and in ambient of hydrogen, helium and argon. The temperature of sintering was 2000 F. and the time was sixty minutes.
- the following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight calcium silicide and percent by weight copper powder. A copper powder of 200 mesh is suitable.
- the compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
- compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
- Nickel graphite compacts were prepared from nickel powder and graphite powder which had been separately ground to pass a 140 mesh screen and then ball milled,
- nickel powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight calcium silicide and 95 percent by weight nickel powder.
- a nickel powder of 325 mesh is suitable.
- the compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
- the calcium silicide contained approximately 33' percent calcium. i
- the following compacts were prepared from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight barium silicide and percent by weight silver powder.
- the compositions given in the following table are in volume percentages.
- a sintered metal bonded composition containing as essential ingredients a substance selected from the group of substances consisting of graphite and diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume metal selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and aluminum, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume metal selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and aluminum, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magn'esium,.barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume metal selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and aluminum, and a small but eflective addition of at least one metal selected from tne group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount suiiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume iron, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume cobalt, and a small but eitective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount suificient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume nickel, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume copper, and a small but effective addition of 'at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume aluminum, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten .and seventy percent by volume iron, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the efifective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount suflicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume nickel, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume copper, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume aluminum, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
- a sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume iron, and a small but eliective addition of calcium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
Description
y 1961 M. HUMENIK, JR., E'AL 2,983,034
METAL GRAPHITE COMPACTS Filed Nov. 25.v 1959 M HUMEN/K, JR.
R. L. VAN ALSTEN INVENTOR$ A T TORNE VS METAL GRAPHITE COMPACTS Nlichael Humenik, Jr., Inkster, and Roy L. Van Alsten,
Detroit, Mich., assignors to Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Filed Nov. 25, 1959, Ser. No. 855,321
14 Claims. (Cl. 29182.5)
This invention relates to the powdered metal art and is more specifically concerned with powdered metal compacts in which unusually large percentages of graphite May 8, 1958, now abandoned.
Successful sintered compacts have been fabricated in which the metal componenthas been selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and aluminum. These metals have been employed to bond together large amounts of either graphite or diamond.
The unusual physical properties of these metal graphite or metal diamond compacts are'obtained-by sintering-the green compact at a temperature sufficiently high to insure that essentially all of the metal content of the compact is in the liquid phase. The exact temperature of the sintering operation will depend on the melting point of the metal phase. Since all ofthe metal phase is in the liquidus state during sintering it is necessary to take certain precautions to prevent the molten metal from sweating out of the compact and collecting as globules on the surface of the compact.
The figure of drawing which is a section through a globule of metal resting on a graphite stool has been presented to enable a'better understanding of this invention, r
In the drawing a graphite stool has been denominated 10. A globule of molten metal has been denominated '11. VA tangent 12 has been drawnto globule llwhere globule 11 intersectsgraphite stool 10. Angle A isthe angle included between tangent 1 2 and the upper surface of the graphite stool as measured through the globule. The inventors have discovered that as long as the angle A is substantially not in excess of ninety degrees, metal of the constitution of that in globule 11 may be incorporated in a graphite compact and sintered above the melting point of the globule Without substantial loss of metal due to sweating. v
Mathematically angle A may be defined as follows: Cosine A is equal to the difierence between the surface energy of the graphite and the solid liquid interfacial energy, this, difference being divided by the 'surface'tensionof the liquid phase. Or, otherwise expressed,
s sl States Pate t 2,983,034 Patented May 9, 1961 where E is the surface energy of the solid, B is, the
solid liquid interfacial energy and E is the surface ten- Calcium Barium Strontium Magnesium The amounts of calcium, barium, strontium, and magnesium to be added ,to the graphite-metal compact or diamond-metal compact are not critical. Economic factors will usually limit the addition of these elements to the smallest amount which will produce effective results. However, within reason larger amounts will do no harm. Because of its cheapness and ready availability, calcium in the form of calcium silicide is preferred for the pracium silicide was approximately 45 percent, barium, re-
mainder-silicon. The magnesium ferro silicon had a composition of about 11 percent magnesium, 39 percent iron and the remainder silicon.
To illustrate this invention the following specific examples are given.
Iron graphite compacts were prepared from iron powder and graphite powder which had been separately ground to pass a 140 mesh screen and then ball milled together in benzene for four hours to insure proper mixing. The mixture was cold pressed in a hardened steel die using pressures of 50,000 to 100,000p0unds per square inch. The compacts were sintered in a vacuum of from 100 to 200 microns and in ambients of hydrogen, helium and argon. The temperature of sintering was 2400 F. and the time was sixty minutes.
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5. percent by Weight calcium silicide and percentby weight iron powder. Any size iron powder from 60 to-325-mesh is in volume percentages.
' Transverse 1 Iron, calcium silicide Graphite rupture, Resistivity strength, ohm in' in volume percentages. J
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture of 15 percent magnesium ferro silicon and 85 percent iron powder. The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
A further series of compacts were prepared containing 5.0 percent calcium silicide and the following properties were obtained.
Metal volume, percent 10 2O 30 40 50 Transverse rupture strength p.s.i 5, 500 14, 500 21, 000 28, 250 40, 000 Tensile strength, 6, 500 10, 900 14, 800 10, 500 Compressive strength 11, 400 14, 400 25, 500 51, 300 Elongation, percent. 0. 1.0 2. 0 Porosity, percent 21. 7 20. 8 22. 9 19. 13. 8
The above compacts were sintered for one hour at a temperature of 2300 F. in vacuum.
Cobalt graphite compacts were prepared from cobalt powder and graphite powder which had been separately ground to pass a 325 mesh screen and then ball milled together in benzene for four hours to insure proper mixing. The mixture was cold pressed in a hardened steel die using pressures of 50,000 to 100,000 pounds per square inch. The compacts were sintered in a vacuum of from 100 to 200 microns and in ambients of hydrogen, helium and argon. The temperature of sintering was 2500 F. and the time was sixty minutes.
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight calcium silicide and 95 percent by weight cobalt powder. A cobalt powder of 325 mesh is suitable. The compositions given in the following table are in volume percentages.
Transverse Cobalt, calcium silicide Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm in-- p.s.i.
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight barium silicide and 95 percent by Weight cobalt powder. The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture of 15 percent magnesium ferro silicon and percent cobalt powder. The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
g Transverse Cobalt, ierro silicon Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm in p.s.i.
Copper graphite compacts were prepared from copper powder and graphite powder which had been separately ground to pass a 200 mesh screen and then ball milled together in benzene for four hours to insure proper mixing. The mixture was cold pressed in a hardened steel die using pressures of 50,000 to 100,000 pounds per square inch. The compacts were sintered in a vacuum of from 100 to 200 microns and in ambient of hydrogen, helium and argon. The temperature of sintering was 2000 F. and the time was sixty minutes.
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight calcium silicide and percent by weight copper powder. A copper powder of 200 mesh is suitable. The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
Transverse Copper, calcium silicide Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm inp.s.i.
barium silicide and 95 percent by weight copper powder.
The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
Transverse Copper, barium silicide Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm inp.s.i.
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture of 15 percent magnesium ferro silicon and 85 percent copper powder. The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
Transverse Copper, ferro silicon Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm inp.s.i.
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture of 15 percent of copper magnesium and 85 percent copper powder. The compositions given in the following table are in volume percentages.
Transverse Copper, copper magnesium Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm inp.s.i.
Nickel graphite compacts were prepared from nickel powder and graphite powder which had been separately ground to pass a 140 mesh screen and then ball milled,
powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight calcium silicide and 95 percent by weight nickel powder. A nickel powder of 325 mesh is suitable. The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
Transverse Graphite rupture Resistivity Nickel, calcium silicide strengith, ohm in The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight barium silicide and 95 percent by weight nickel powder. The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
Transverse Nickel, barium silicide Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm inpsi.
The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture of percent magnesium ferro silicon and 85 percent nickel powder. The compositions given in the table below are in volume percentages.
- Transverse Nickel, ferro silicon Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm inp.s.i.
- Transverse Nickel Magnesium Graphite rupture Resistivity r strength, ohm in- The following compacts were fabricated from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight calcium silicide and 95 percent by weight silver powder. The compositions given in the table below'are in volume percentages.
Transverse Silver, calcium silicide Graphite rupture Resistivity strength, ohm inp.s.i.
6 The calcium silicide contained approximately 33' percent calcium. i
The following compacts were prepared from graphite powder and a mixture consisting of 5 percent by weight barium silicide and percent by weight silver powder. The compositions given in the following table are in volume percentages.
Resistivity Silver, barium silicide ohm in- Graphite The barium silicide contained approximately 45 percent barium, remainder substantially all silicon; 1
Three aluminum graphite compacts have been fabricated. They were designated 81-17, 81-27, and 81-28. The composition of these are as follows:
Cu-3. 57 Mg-l. 46 Ni-2. 04
Zn3. 02 Al-89. 725
Fe(). 10 A.l86. 12
They were filed down by hand into powders to pass through a mesh screen.
They were then mixed withzthe Acheson graphite 38 powder in 50-50 by volume proportions.
These were pressed in a hardened steel die and sintered in vacuum at 1800 F.
' No sweating was observed.
Compacts of equal parts by volume of a minus 325 mesh diamond powder and a mixture of 10 percent by weight of calcium silicide powder and 90 percent by weight of copper powder were formed by pressing the pre-mixed powders in a hardened steel die at a pressure of 100,000 p.s.i. These compacts were sintered in an argon atmosphere to a temperature of 2020 F. A sound,
hard sintered compact resulted with all the metallic phase being retained in the compact.
Similar results were obtained with compacts formed by pressing at 100,000 p.s.i., containing equal parts by volume of a minus 325 mesh diamond powder. and a mixture composed of 10 percent by weight of calcium silicide powder and 90 percent by weight of silver powder. These compacts were sintered in an argon atmosphere at 1850 F.
We claim:
1. A sintered metal bonded composition containing as essential ingredients a substance selected from the group of substances consisting of graphite and diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume metal selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and aluminum, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
2. A sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume metal selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and aluminum, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magn'esium,.barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
3. A sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume metal selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and aluminum, and a small but eflective addition of at least one metal selected from tne group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount suiiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
4. A sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume iron, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
5. A sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume cobalt, and a small but eitective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount suificient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
6. A sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume nickel, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
7. A sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume copper, and a small but effective addition of 'at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
8. A sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume aluminum, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
9. A sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten .and seventy percent by volume iron, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the efifective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount suflicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
11. A sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume nickel, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
12. A sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume copper, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
, 13. A sintered metal bonded diamond composition containing as essential ingredients diamond and between ten and seventy percent by volume aluminum, and a small but effective addition of at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, said addition being present in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
14. A sintered metal bonded graphite composition containing as essential ingredients graphite and between ten and seventy percent by volume iron, and a small but eliective addition of calcium, said addition being present in an amount sufficient to substantially prevent the metal content of the composition from sweating out during the sintering operation.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,053,880 Scott et a1 Feb. 18, 1913 1,636,763 Boring July 26, 1927 1,775,358 Smith Sept. 9, 1930 2,191,936 Lenel Feb. 27, 1946 2,416,830 Heuberger Mar. 4, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS 172,693 Great Britain Dec. 1, 1921 465,936 Great Britain May 13, 1937
Claims (1)
1. A SINTERED METAL BONDED COMPOSITION CONTAINING AS ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS A SUBSTANCE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP OF SUBSTANCES CONSISTING OF GRAPHITE AND DIAMOND AND BETWEEN TEN AND SEVENTY PERCENT BY VOLUME METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP OF METALS CONSISTING OF IRON, COBALT, NICKEL, COPPER, SILVER AND ALUMINUM, AND A SMALL BUT EFFECTIVE ADDITION OF AT LEAST ONE METAL SELECTED FROM THE
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US855321A US2983034A (en) | 1959-11-25 | 1959-11-25 | Metal graphite compacts |
| CH1316360A CH421789A (en) | 1959-11-25 | 1960-11-24 | Powder mixture suitable for sintering |
| GB40643/60A GB967553A (en) | 1959-11-25 | 1960-11-25 | Metal diamond compacts |
| GB46085/61A GB967554A (en) | 1959-11-25 | 1960-11-25 | Metal graphite compacts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US855321A US2983034A (en) | 1959-11-25 | 1959-11-25 | Metal graphite compacts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2983034A true US2983034A (en) | 1961-05-09 |
Family
ID=25320945
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US855321A Expired - Lifetime US2983034A (en) | 1959-11-25 | 1959-11-25 | Metal graphite compacts |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2983034A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH421789A (en) |
| GB (2) | GB967553A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3397968A (en) * | 1967-06-19 | 1968-08-20 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Porous materials |
| US3549408A (en) * | 1967-04-14 | 1970-12-22 | Lorraine Carbone | Impregnation of a material based on carbon by molten metals |
| US3795493A (en) * | 1970-06-06 | 1974-03-05 | Jurid Werke Gmbh | Bearing material for dry operation of the sintered bronze type |
| US3804599A (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1974-04-16 | S Topilin | SINTERED Ag-GRAPHITE-Ni METAL CERAMIC MATERIAL FOR MAKING ELECTRIC CONTACTS AND METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME |
| US3956568A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1976-05-11 | Nippon Carbon Co. Ltd. | Carbon-metal composite material |
| KR101320557B1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2013-11-13 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | sintered Cu-base friction material protecting the sweating phenomenon, and Fabrication method of it |
Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1053880A (en) * | 1911-03-31 | 1913-02-18 | Campbell Scott | Process of impregnating. |
| GB172693A (en) * | 1920-09-01 | 1921-12-01 | Gerd Heinrich Wichmann | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of compositions of metals or alloys and graphite |
| US1636763A (en) * | 1920-05-26 | 1927-07-26 | Western Electric Co | Metallic composition |
| US1775358A (en) * | 1929-09-23 | 1930-09-09 | Gen Reduction Corp | Uniting of iron with other metals and elements |
| GB465936A (en) * | 1935-08-13 | 1937-05-13 | Franz Sattler | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of self-lubricating mechanical bodies |
| US2191936A (en) * | 1938-03-10 | 1940-02-27 | Gen Motors Corp | Manufacture of porous iron articles |
| US2416830A (en) * | 1941-12-22 | 1947-03-04 | Heuberger Josef Friedrich | Iron-graphite contact |
-
1959
- 1959-11-25 US US855321A patent/US2983034A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1960
- 1960-11-24 CH CH1316360A patent/CH421789A/en unknown
- 1960-11-25 GB GB40643/60A patent/GB967553A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-11-25 GB GB46085/61A patent/GB967554A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1053880A (en) * | 1911-03-31 | 1913-02-18 | Campbell Scott | Process of impregnating. |
| US1636763A (en) * | 1920-05-26 | 1927-07-26 | Western Electric Co | Metallic composition |
| GB172693A (en) * | 1920-09-01 | 1921-12-01 | Gerd Heinrich Wichmann | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of compositions of metals or alloys and graphite |
| US1775358A (en) * | 1929-09-23 | 1930-09-09 | Gen Reduction Corp | Uniting of iron with other metals and elements |
| GB465936A (en) * | 1935-08-13 | 1937-05-13 | Franz Sattler | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of self-lubricating mechanical bodies |
| US2191936A (en) * | 1938-03-10 | 1940-02-27 | Gen Motors Corp | Manufacture of porous iron articles |
| US2416830A (en) * | 1941-12-22 | 1947-03-04 | Heuberger Josef Friedrich | Iron-graphite contact |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3549408A (en) * | 1967-04-14 | 1970-12-22 | Lorraine Carbone | Impregnation of a material based on carbon by molten metals |
| US3397968A (en) * | 1967-06-19 | 1968-08-20 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Porous materials |
| US3795493A (en) * | 1970-06-06 | 1974-03-05 | Jurid Werke Gmbh | Bearing material for dry operation of the sintered bronze type |
| US3804599A (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1974-04-16 | S Topilin | SINTERED Ag-GRAPHITE-Ni METAL CERAMIC MATERIAL FOR MAKING ELECTRIC CONTACTS AND METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME |
| US3956568A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1976-05-11 | Nippon Carbon Co. Ltd. | Carbon-metal composite material |
| KR101320557B1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2013-11-13 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | sintered Cu-base friction material protecting the sweating phenomenon, and Fabrication method of it |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB967554A (en) | 1964-08-26 |
| GB967553A (en) | 1964-08-26 |
| CH421789A (en) | 1966-10-15 |
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