US2910946A - Pumps - Google Patents

Description

E. J. ASK

Nov. 3, 1959 PUMPS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Jan. 11, 1954 Nov. 3, 1959 E. J. ASK 2,910,946

Original Filed Jan. 11, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 3, 1959 l 1 2,910,946 PUMPS Emil Julius Ask, Haugesund, Norway Continuation of abandoned application Serial No. 403,295, January 11, 1954. This application April 21, 1958, Serial No. 729,945

Claims priority, application Norway January 17, 1953 3 Claims. (Cl.'103--103) This invention relates to centrifugal pumps, and this application is a continuation of application Serial No. 403,295, filed January 11, 1954, now abandoned. In centrifugal pumps the pump action results from the centrifugal force which acts on the fluid when the fluid is moved by the rotor. The fluid, for example water or oil, is then thrown radially outwards along the rotor and increased pressure will be created in the pump chamber along the circumference of the rotor. This pressure will, at a certain speed of the rotor, be suflicient to cause the fluid to flow out through an outlet in the pump and to, for example, a tank or the like at a higher level.

A principal disadvantage in pumps of this kind is that the turbulent motion which is imparted to the fluid when the fluid is thrown from the rotor continues due to inertia in the flow whereby in many cases the fluid moves at a higher rate perpendicular to the outlet than it moves through the outlet. It is obvious that this is an undesirable condition and it has been found that this condition may give rise to sub-pressure and turbulence at the outlet so that only a fraction of the normal quantity of fluid is pumped out. In other words the efliciency of the pump is considerably reduced. The fact that this involves uneconomic operation is of less importance in comparison with the disadvantages which arise when for example Water or oil is not pumped in sufficient quantity to the consumer. The present invention relates to a pump in which the possibilities of undesirable turbulence occurring in the fluid which is to be pumped are eliminated.

This object is achieved by providing the impeller of the pump with radial flanges which impart an axial movement to the fluid after the fluid has been forced radially outwards from the centre of the impeller, and by providing a scroll outlet housing having an axially extending inlet for receiving the fluid from the impeller. It is obvious that the pump according to the invention is of greater efficiency than one in which the flowing liquid is capable of unlimited movement.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing in which:

Figure 1 is an elevation of an impeller according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a side view of the impeller shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an elevation of the pump housing;

Figure 4 is a section through an assembled pump;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the front of the impeller; and

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the rear of the impeller.

As shown in the figures a particular pump according to the present invention comprises a pump housing having a central intake 11 which communicates with a pumping chamber defined by the part 8 of the housing. An outlet chamber 7 is defined by peripheral wall 23 which terminates in a spaced radial inner edge 13 and outer edge 12 defining an axially directed inlet 24 to the outlet chamber 7. An impeller 1 is concentrically mounted in the pumping chamber for rotation therein, and has a centrifugal pumping portion which has a front face 14, facing the intake 11 and a substantially flat rear face 15. A plurality of vanes 2 project from the front face 14 and each has a front vane face 25 thereon, these front faces being spaced axially from the front face 14. The vanes define a plurality of spirally outwardly extending pumping channels 4. The sides 17 of the vanes 2 form the sides of the channel 4 and the parts 14a of front face 14a form the bottoms of the channels 4 terminating in a plurality of radially extending trailing edges 18 at the point where these portions intersect the substantially flat rear face 15. The radial trailing edges 18 extend from the impeller from inner edge 13 of the inlet 24 to the outlet chamber 7 to the radial outer edge 12.

The impeller further comprises an outer axial pumping portion which has a plurality of radially outwardly extending flanges 21, each of which has a radial leading edge 19 which also extends from the impeller outwardly from inner edge 13 of the inlet 24 to the outlet chamber 7 to the outer edge 12 of the inlet 24. The flanges 21 project from the front faces 25 of said vanes and the leading edges 19 of the vanes are spaced approximately axially from the radially extending trailing edges 18 at the ends of the spiral pumping channels 4. The flanges 21 have rear faces 20 tapering circumferentially and axially around the periphery of the impeller until they intersect with the substantially flat rear face 15. These tapering faces 20 define continuations 22 of the pumping channels 4 in the rear face 15 of the impeller.

The impeller is mounted on a shaft 10 rotatably mounted in a bearing 9 at the centre of the outlet chamber 7, or inlet 11.

The impeller is driven by any convenient driving means and as it turns the fluid being pumped is drawn in through the central inlet 11 and is drawn out along the pumping channels 4. As it leaves the trailing edges 18 it is given an axial thrust by the rear faces 20 of the flanges 21 to impel it through the inlet 24 into the outlet chamber 7.

It should be understood that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts as above described by way of example within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

l. A pump comprising a pump housing having a central intake, a pumping chamber and a scroll outlet chamber, said scroll outlet chamber being defined by a pcripheral wall terminating in a spaced radial inner and outer edge defining an axially directed inlet to said outlet chamber, and an impeller concentrically mounted in said pump chamber for rotation therein and comprising a centrifugal pumping portion having a front face and a substantially flat rear face, a plurality of vanes on said front face each having a front vane face thereon spaced axially from the front face of said centrifugal pump portion, said vanes defining a plurality of smooth spirally outwardly extending pumping channels of axially decreasing depth, the sides of said vanes forming the sides of said channels and the front face of said centrifugal pumping portion forming the bottoms of said channels, the portions of said front face forming the bottoms of said channels terminating in a plurality of radially extending trailing edges at the point where said portions intersect said substantially flat rear face, said radially extending trailing edges extending from the impeller from the radial inner edge to the radial outer edge of said inlet to said scroll outlet chamber, and said impeller having an outer axial pumping portion comprising a plurality of radially outwardly extending flanges, each having a radial leading edge thereon also extending from the impeller from the radial inner edge to the radial outer edge of said inlet to said scroll outlet chamber, said flanges projecting from the front faces of said vanes with said leading edges spaced substantially axially from said radially extending trailing edges at the ends of said spiral pumping channels and said flanges having rear faces tapering circumferentially and axially around the periphery of said impeller until they intersect with said substantially flat rear face for defining continuations of said pumping channels in the rear face of said impeller, whereby the fluid being pumped is drawn in through said central inlet, is thrown out along said pumping channels, and is given axial thrust through said inlet to said scroll outlet chamber by the tapering rear faces of said flanges.

2. A pump comprising a pump housing having a central intake, .a pumping chamber and an outlet chamber, said outlet chamber having spaced radial inner and outer edges defining between themselves an axially directed inlet to said outlet chamber, and an impeller concentrically mounted in said pump chamber for rotation therein and comprising a centrifugal pumping portion having a front face and a substantially flat rear face, a plurality of vanes on said front face each having a front vane face thereon spaced axially from the front face of said centrifugal pump portion, said vanes defining a plurality of smooth spirally outwardly extending pumping channels of axially decreasing depth, the sides of said vanes forming the sides of said channels and the front face of said centrifugal pumping portion forming the bottoms of said channels, the portions of said front face forming the bottoms of said channels terminating-in a plurality of radially extending trailing edges at the point where said portions intersect said substantially flat rear face, said radially extending trailing edges extending from the impeller from the radial inner edge to the radial outer edge of said inlet to said outer chamber, and said impeller having an outer axial pumping portion comprising a plurality of radially outwardly extending flanges, each having a radial leading edge thereon also extending from the impeller from the radial inner edge to the radial outer edge of said inlet'to said scroll outlet chamber, said flanges projecting from the front faces of said vanes with said leading edges spaced substantially axially from said radially extending trailing edges at the ends of said spiral pumping channels and said flanges having rear faces tapering circumferentially and axially around the periphery of said impeller until they intersect with said substantially flat rear face for defining continuations of said pumping channels in the rear face of said impeller, whereby the fiuid being pumped is drawn in through said central inlet, is thrown out along said pumping chan- 4 nels, and is given axial thrust through said inlet to said scroll outlet chamber by the tapering rear faces of said flanges.

3. In a pump, an impeller comprising a centrifugal pumping portion having a front face and a substantially flat rear face, a plurality of vanes on said front face each having a front vane face thereon spaced axially from the front face of said centrifugal pump portion, said vanes defining a plurality of smooth spirally outwardly extending pumping channels of axially decreasing depth,

the sides of said vanes forming the sides of said channels peller, and said impeller having an outer axial pumping portion comprising a plurality of radially outwardly extending flanges, each having a radial leading edge also extending from the periphery of said impeller the same predetermined distance inwardly toward the center of said impeller, said flanges projecting from the front faces of said vanes with said leading edges spaced substantially axially from said radially extending trailing edges at the ends of said spiral pumping channels and said flanges having rear faces tapering circumferentially and axially around the periphery of said impeller until they intersect with said substantially flat rear face for defining continuations of said pumping channels in the rear face of said impeller, whereby a fluid being pumped is thrown out along said pumping channels, and is given axial thrust by said tapering rear faces of said flanges.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 966,428 Comstock Aug. 9, 1910 1,050,698 Scheurmann Jan. 14, 1913 1,447,916 Watkins May 6, 1923 2,189,767 Vose Feb. 13, 1940 2,233,825 Walsh et al Mar. 4, 1941 2,348,246 Dixon May 6, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS 253,302 Great Britain June 17, 1926 297,661 Great Britain Sept. 27, 1928 610,685 Germany Mar. 10, 1935

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