US1050698A - Centrifugal pump, blower, and the like. - Google Patents

Description

w. vP. SOHEURMANN. H GENI'RIFUGAL PUMP, BLOWER, AND THE LIKE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 17', 1912.

Patented Jan. 14,- 1913.

I 1mm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. 1 7

WALTER P. SCHEURMANN, or DAYTON, 0310.-

CEN'I'RIFUGAL PUMP, BLOWER, AND THE LIKE.

which the following is a full, clear, and ex act description.

The object of the presentinvention is to provide a centrifugal pump in which a high efliciency shall be secured with a cheap'and simpleconstruction by eliminating the necessityof accurately shaped stationary pas.- sages, and instead converting any desired amount of velocity head into pressure in suitable passages rotating with the pump impeller. The water leaves the impeller of a'centrifu s=.? pump at. high velocity, and any sudder .hange in direction or velocity of flow means a reduction in efliciency,

which, however, is serious only at the higher velocities, as the loss in energy contained in the water is proportional to the square of the velocity and at sufliciently reduced speeds the highest possible loss is so smallas to be negligible.

In accompanying drawings Flgure 1 shows a sectional elevation of a centrifugal pump, Fig. 2 a transverse sectional elevation of a centrifugal pump with a double inlet, Fig. 3 a transverse sectional elevation of a centrifugal pump with a single inlet and Fig. 4 a diagrammatic view of the impeller. Fig. 5 shows an impeller arranged to revolve in a bodv of water without the usual-casing and Fig. 6 shows two impellers mounted to rotate upon a vertical shaft located in a vertical pipe.

'Similar numerals refer to similar part-s throughout the several views.

Referring now principally to Figs. 1 and 3, 10 represents an annular succession of spirally disposed curved vanes, which are located between and secured ,to two circular plates, 11 and 12. Plate llis rigidly secured to a rotatable shaft 13, rotating in bearings 18 and 19, while plate 12 has a central inlet aperture 14. The inner ends of the vanes approximately coincide with the edges of'the aperture 14, while the outer Specification of Letters Patent.

small velocity F. The

and 12.should be such that the increasing ends are a substantial distance froni -the edges of the plates.

As seen in Fig. 3 the space between the plates is substantially uniform to the outer ends of the vanes, from which'point the.

plates flare outward gradually but consid erably increasing the capacity of the space 15 between the plates.

The impeller rotates in a casing 16, whose form'is of .little or no consequence. As shown in Figs: 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings,

the space within the casing not occupied by the impeller is sufficient to accommodate the water discharged from the impeller, but forsimple and inexpensive manner and not requiring-careful or expensive work in fitting the parts together. An inlet 17 conducts water to the aperture 14 in the impeller while outlet 21 carries the water from the casing. e

As the absolute velocity (A, Fig. 1) with which the water leaves the impeller is approximately equal to and in the same direction as the circumferential velocity (C, Fig. 4:) of the impeller at the point of discharge, it has been recognized before that it would be of advantage to have the discharge pas sages rotate in the same direction as the impeller, in order to reduce the relative velocity between the water flow in the guide passages and the sides of the pump, and so reduce the friction of the water. In Fig. 4 the dotted curve'line shows of water and wheel. The absolute discharge velocity (A). is highest as the water gets past the impeller vanes and is gradually reduced in the passage 15 and leaves 'at the form of the plates 11 capacity of the space '15 would make the velocity at F so low that the effects of whatever impediments the water may encounter thereafter are negligible.

In Fig. 2 the vanes 10 are secured to a'hub reasons which will presently be explained, the casing may be'formed in a' Patented J an. 14, 1913. Application filed May 17, 1912. Serial No. 697,856. I

the relative path 20 which is secured to the shaft 13. In this .style each one of the plates 11 and 12 has an lnlet aperture 14', while the casing 16 is supplied by two inlets 17. The construction of the impeller shown in Fig. 5 is substantially the'same as that shown in Fig. 8. In this figure, however, the impeller i's mounted upon a vertical shaft and water issupplied to'the inlet aperture 14: by an inlet pipe 25, which is attached to the bottom of the tank in which the impeller rotates.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 6 is adapted to such uses as deep well pumping, et cet era 'For this purpose the impeller is composed of saucer shaped plates 30 and 31 placed one Within the other with the vanes 32 secured toeach, anaintaining the distance between them.

As in the constructions shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 5, the plates 30 and 31 extend'beyond the outer endsofthe van-es, although the plate 30 extends much shorter distance than plate 31. The object of the saucer shaped plates isato direct the water in a direction more nearly parallel with than tangential to the axis. The relative shape of the plates is preferably such that one end of a radial scope of my claims. 3-5

'in Fig. 6 may line midway between them would be approximately perpendicularto the axis while the other end of the line would be approximately parallel with the axis of the impeller.

Two or more impellers of the form shown be rotated upon a single shaft in a suitable casing.

- I am aware that minor changes may be made in the form or construction of the parts-shown while remaining within the lVhat I claim is as follows: 1. .An impeller for a centrifugal pump I "comprising an annular succession of radiatmg vanes secured to and separating a pair of circular plates, one of said plates beingrigidly secured to a rotatable shaft, the other having a central inlet aperture whose periphery approximately coincides with the in.n er ends of the vanes, the outer parts of the plates extending beyond the vanes and being formed so the distance between them increases from the vanes to their edges.

2. An impeller for a centrifugal pump comprising an annular succession of radiating vanes secured to and separating a pair of circular plates, means for securing the impeller to a rotatable shaft, one of the plates having a central inlet aperture whose periphery approximately coincides with the inner ends of the vanes, the outer parts of the plates extending beyond the vanes and being'formedso the distance between them i increases from the vanes to their edges.

3: An impeller fora centrifugal pump comprising an annular succession of spirally dlsposed eprved vanes of unlform crosssection, secured to and separating a pair of circular plates, means for securing the impeller .to a rotatable shaft, one of the plates having a central inlet aperture ,7 whose periphery approximately coincides with the inner ends of the vanes, the outer aperture, the outer parts of the plates extending beyond the vanes and being formed so the distance between them increases from the vanes to their edges, the relative form of the platesbeing such that the direction of a radial line midway between them will gradually change from approximately perpendicular to approximately parallel with the axis of the impeller.

5. In 'a centrifugal pump, in combination, an impeller comprising a rotatable member adapted to rotate in and impart rotary motion to a body offluid, whereby said fluid is made to flow from a point at or near the axis of the impeller to. a point farther re moved therefrom, means for conducting fluid to the impeller, and means embodied in the construction of the impeller whereby fluid which has flowed a given distance from the axis receives no rotary motion from the impeller other than that impaited by friction, and for finally directing the fluid moved by the impeller in a direction more nearly parallel with than-tangential'to its axis.

6. An impeller for a centrifugal-pumpcomprising an annular succession of radiating vanes secured'to and separating a pair of circular plates, means for securlng the impeller to a rotatable shaft, one-of the plates having a central inlet aperture. the plates extending beyond the ends of the. yanes, thereby furnishing a rotating guide for the fluid, and being so formed that the volume of fluid may expand in a directionparallel with the axis offth'e impeller as it flows from the ends of the vanelstoj the edges ofthe plates, 1

i 7. An impeller forv a centrifugal pump,

comprising anannular succession of radiating vanes secured to and separating a pa ir of "saucer shaped plates placed one witlnn the other, means for mounting .the impeller on a rotatable shaft, and an inlet to the space between the plates, theouter edges of the plates extending beyond the ends of the 'vanes and being so shaped with reference to each other that the distance between them increases from the ends of the canes to the edges, of the, plates.

8. An impeller for a centrifugal pump,

comprising an annular succession of radiating vanes secufed to and separeting a'pair v In testimony whereof I have aflixed my 0f saucer shaped plates placed one Within signature in the presence of two subscribing the other, the inner one being'rigidly se-v witnesses.

cured to a'fotatable shaft-g the other' having WALTER P. SCHEURMANN. I 5 a centralinlet aperture, the outer edges of Witnessesi the plates extending beyend the ends of the CHAS, D. BRONSON, vanes;

F. K. FASSETT.

Cqpies'ofthi; natent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Oomniissioner of Patents,

Washingten, 11. 0.?

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