US2897408A - Circuit interrupter - Google Patents

Circuit interrupter Download PDF

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Publication number
US2897408A
US2897408A US575227A US57522756A US2897408A US 2897408 A US2897408 A US 2897408A US 575227 A US575227 A US 575227A US 57522756 A US57522756 A US 57522756A US 2897408 A US2897408 A US 2897408A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
movable
stored energy
movable contact
coil
operable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US575227A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kesselring Fritz
Hammerli Samuel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
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Publication of US2897408A publication Critical patent/US2897408A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/222—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an opening device in which the masses to be moved are actuated by at least two energy storing means.
  • the first means which is instantly operable and its energy translating device are designed and dimensioned in such a manner that the masses to be moved attain an acceleration of at least 5000 g. in not more than 0.3 millisecond after the disconnecting impulse is given, that is, after the occurrence of a disturbance such as an overcurrent.
  • the second energy storing means is mainly used to bring the moving masses to their final position.
  • Charged condensers which operate electrodynamic systems are preferably used as the first instantaneously operating energy storing means. They may use a stationary coil and a second coil inductively coupled to the first coil, which preferably has only a single turn.
  • Such an arrangement will provide acceleration of at least 5000 g. in a simple manner.
  • Systems using magnetic materials cannot be used since it can be easily shown that large forces of 100 kg'r. or more are necessary and accelerations of 5000 g. cannot be produced thereby.
  • devices for instance, cylinders completely filled with oil or similar material wherein a heavy current arc is fired to generate gas pressure by decomposition of the material, the required high accelerations of a piston can be produced.
  • Spring means should be preferably used as the second energy storing means, and, at high accelerations, that is, for short' disconnecting periods, spring means with high natural frequency should be used.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker embodying high-speed operating means in which a repulsion type coil initiates opening movement of the movable contact means of the breaker.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker embodying high-speed operating means in which a repulsion type coil initiates opening movement of the breaker contact means and stored energy means completes the opening movement.
  • Antoher object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker embodying high-speed operating means wherein 2,8914% Patented July 28, 1959 energization of a repulsion type coil initiates opening movement of the breaker contact means and the opening movement of the contact means effects release of stored energy means to move said contact means to the open position;
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker in which the opening movement of the breaker contact means is initiated by energiz'ation of a repulsion coil, the contact means being moved to full open position by stored energy means and in which opening movement of the contact means effects release of the stored energy means.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a base or frame ll on which are mounted spaced insulators 13.
  • the insulators 13 aresecured to the base 11 by bolts 15, and at their upper ends the insulators 13 support spaced stationary contacts 17 which are secured thereto by means of bolts 19.
  • a high-power or current-limiting, fuse 16 may be mounted in fuse support members 18 which are mounted by means of bolts 20 on the stationary contacts 17.
  • a movable bridging contact 21 is secured by means of a screw 23 to the upper end of an insulating operating rod 25.
  • the operating mechanism for the contact operating rod comprises a plate 27 secured by means of screws 29 to a flange 31 on the upper end of an armature rod 33 to the lower end of which is secured a moving armature 35.
  • the screws 29 also secure a hollow cylindrical member of insulating material 37 to the upper face of the plate
  • a projection 39 on the flange 31 extends into the bore of the insulating member 37 and is threaded to tightly receive one end of a coil spring 41, the other end of the spring being tightly threaded onto a projection 43 on the lower end of the contact rod 25.
  • the spring 41 is connected under tension between contact rod 25 and the fiaiige 31 to provide contact pressure between moving contact 21 and the contacts 17.
  • Surrounding the insulating block 37 and compressed between a cup-shaped member 45 and the plate 27 is a powerful coil spring 47 which is latched under compression by latch members 49 piv- .otally supported on ears 51 projecting from the plate 27.
  • the opening movement of the contact rod is initiated from the first energy storing means by the electromagnetic repulsion between a solid metallic ring 59 of, for instance, copper or aluminum pressed in the lower end of the contact rod and a coil 61 secured to or embedded in the upper end of the insulating member 37.
  • a connection 63' is provided for energizing the coil 61 in response to an overload current or a short-circuit current.
  • the coil 61 may be energized by suitable energy storing means, for instance, by the discharge of a charged condenser 62, which is etfected by closing a switch 64.
  • an electromagnet indicated generally at 69 comprising a magnet yoke 71 rigidly mounted on the base 11, a stationary core member 73 secured by means of screws 75 to the magnet yoke, the movable armature 35 and an energizing winding 77.
  • the winding 77 may be energized over a circuit 79 from a suitable source by closing a switch 81 which may be effected either manually or by automatic means.
  • the electromagnet 69 attracts the armature 35 upwardly and thrusts the plate 27 and the latches 49 upwardly to effect re-
  • the tromagnet 69 which is effected by opening the switch 81, the entire movable structure returns by its own weight to the closed contact position in which it is shown.
  • Tests and calculations show that a force of approximately 600 kgr. is exerted on the ring 59 of 3 cm. diameter and having a cross section (0.5 0.26) cm. by a coil 61 having twenty turns, when it is energized by an impulse current which attains a maximum current of 2000 amp. after 0.1 m. seconds.
  • the total weight of the movable contact structure 21, and 59 is approximately 5010* kgr. so that a maximal acceleration of 12,000 g. is obtained.
  • a contact opening of 0.1 mm. is reached after 10- seconds at which time the contacts are safely disconnected.
  • Separation of the contacts 17-21 transfers the current to the current-limiting fuse 16 and the current is interrupted by melting of the fuse after the contacts are fully opened.
  • the time available for moving the movable contact 21 to its fully open position 21 is the melting time of the fuse which is approximately 0.5 to 2 milliseconds in response to heavy overloads.
  • the characteristics of the spring 47 must, therefore, be such that it will move the movable contact to its full open position by the time the fuse melts.
  • the operating device can also be used for high-speed and synchronous circuit breakers.
  • the operating device can also be used to advantage for modulation circuit breakers when an artificial zero current is obtained by means of a superimposed impulse current, and by using the superimposed impulse current for energizing the coil 61.
  • modulation circuit breakers when an artificial zero current is obtained by means of a superimposed impulse current, and by using the superimposed impulse current for energizing the coil 61.
  • a negative DC. current impulse of the same value an artificial zero current is obtained, and at the same time by using the superimposed current impulse to energize the coil 61, the interruption will occur at zero current.
  • a circuit breaker having stationary and movable contact means, electromagnetic means operable when energized to apply a force to said movable contact means to start said movable contact means in opening direction, stored energy means operable to then move said movable contact means to full open position, restraining means normally restraining only said stored energy means in operative condition, said movable contact means after being started in opening direction by the force applied thereto by said electromagnetic means engaging and actuating said restraining means to non-restraining position and permitting said stored energy means to then move said movable contact means to open position.
  • a circuit breaker having stationary and movable contact means, electrodynamic means operable when energized to applying a repulsion force to said movable contact means to start said movable contact means in opening direction, stored energy means operable to then move said movable contact means to full open position,
  • restraining means normally restraining only said stored energy means in operative condition, said movable contact means after being started in opening direction by the force applied thereto by said electromagnetic means engaging and actuating said restraining means to nonrestraining position and permitting said stored energy means to then move said movable contact means to open position, and means operable to store energy in said stored energy means and to effect reengagement of said restraining means with said stored energy means.
  • a circuit breaker comprising stationary and movable contact means, means comprising a repulsion electromagnet operable when energized to apply a repulsion 1 force to said movable contact means to start said movable means in opening direction, stored energy means for "energizing said repulsion electromagnet, a second stored energy means operable to then move said movable contact means to open position, restraining means releasably restraining only said second stored energy means in operative condition, said movable contact means being movable independently of said restraining means said movable contact means when moved a predetermined distance by said repulsion electromagnetic means engaging and actuating said restraining means to release said second stored energy means, and an electromagnet operable to store energy in said stored energy means and to effect engagement of said restraining means with said stored energy means.
  • a circuit breaker having stationary and movable contact means, electrodynamic means operable when eniergized to start said movable contact means in opening direction comprising an energizing coil, stored energy means for energizing said coil, conduiting means mounted on said movable contact means adjacent said coil, energization of said coil efiiecting an induced voltage in said conducting means which in turn effects a repulsion magnetic force on said movable contact means to start said movable contact means in opening direction, a second stored energy means for then moving said movable contact means to full open position, latch means releasably J restraining said second stored energy means, and said movable contact means when moved a predetermined discontact means, electromagnetic mean's for starting said movable contact means in opening direction comprising an energizing coil, a connection for energizing said coil, conducting means mounted on said movable contact means adjacent said coil, energization of said coil efiecting an induced voltage in said conducting means
  • a circuit breaker having stationary contact means, movable contact means biased closed, a closing electromagnet including a movable armature, support means mounted on and movable with said armature, means for moving said movable contact means in opening direction comprising a coil supported by said support means on said armature, a conducting member on said movable contact means adjacent said coil, energization of said coil inducing a current in said conducting member in the opposite direction to the current in said coil and producing a magnetic force on said conducting means to start said movable contact means in opening direction against its bias, stored energy means on said support means for then moving said movable contact means to full open position, latch means mounted on and movable with said sup" port means releasably restraining said stored energy means in operative condition, movement of said movable contact means by said magnetic force causing said movable contact means to engage and actuate said latch means and release said stored energy means.
  • a circuit breaker having stationary contact means, movable contact means biased closed, a closing electromagnet including a movable armature, support means mounted on and movable with said armature, means for moving said movable contact means in opening direction comprising a coil supported by said support means on said armature, a conducting member on said movable con-tact means adjacent said coil, energization of said coil inducing a current in said conducting member in the opposite direction to the current in said coil and producing a magnetic force on said conducting member to start said movable contact means in opening direction against the bias, stored energy means for then moving said movable contact means to full open position, latch means mounted on and movable with said support means releasably restraining said stored energy means in operative condition, movement of said movable contact means by said magnetic force causing said movable contact means to engage and actuate said latch means and release said stored energy means, and said closing electromagnet when energized moving said support means together with said latch means to store energy in said
  • a circuit breaker comprising separable contacts, two stored energy means one of which is instantaneously operable, an energy translating device energized by an irn pulse from said instantaneously operable stored energy means, said translating device being operable when energized to apply a repulsion force to the movable masses of said circuit breaker to give the movable masses of said circuit breaker an initial acceleration, said instantaneously operable stored energy means and said energy translating device being so dimensioned that the movable masses are given an acceleration of at least 5000 g. after not more than 0.3 millisecond following said impulse and the other of said stored energy means after the initial acceleration then moving said movable masses to their final positions.
  • a circuit breaker comprising separable contacts, two stored energy means one of which is instantaneously operable, an energy translating device energized by an impulse from said instantaneously operable, stored energy means for applying a force to the movable masses of said circuit breaker to start said movable masses in motion, and the other of said stored energy means after said movable masses have moved a predetermined distance then engaging and moving said movable masses to their final positions, said instantaneously operable stored energy means comprising a charged condenser, and said energy translating device comprising electrodynamic means.
  • a circuit breaker comprising separable contacts, two stored energy means one of which is instantaneously operable, an energy translating device energized by an impulse from said instantaneously operable stored energy means, said energy translating device when energized ap plying a repulsion force to the movable masses of said circuit breaker to start said movable masses in motion, and the other of said stored energy means then engaging and moving said movable masses to their final positions, said instantaneously operable stored energy means comprising a charged condenser, and said energy translating device comprising electrodynamic means, and said electrodynamic energy translating device having an insulating member connected between it and said separable contacts.
  • An operating device for an electric circuit breaker having a stationary contact and a movable contact biased closed, an insulating operating member for said movable contact, two stored energy means, one of which is instantaneously operable, an energy changing device energized by an impulse from said instantaneously operable stored energy means and when energized applying a force to the movable contact means of said circuit breaker to impart an initial acceleration to said movable contact in opening direction, said instantaneously operable stored energy means and said energy changing device being constructed and arranged in such a manner that the force applied to the movable contact gives said movable contact an acceleration of at least 5000 g. after not more than 0.3 millisecond following said impulse, and the other of said stored energy means being then operable to engage and move said movable contact to its final position.
  • An operating device for an electric circuit breaker having a stationary contact and a movable contact biased closed, two stored energy means, one of said stored energy means comprising a charged condenser and being instantaneously operable, an energy changing device comprising an electrodynamic system energized by an impulse from said charged condenser and operable when energized to apply a force to said movable contact to start said movable contact in motion, said electrodynamic system having a stationary part and a movable part with an air gap between them to provide contact pressure, and the other of said stored energy means being operable to then engage and move said movable contact to its final position.
  • An operating device comprising a movable member, electromagnetic means operable when energized to apply a force to said movable member to start said movable member in motion, stored energy means operable after said movable member has moved a predetermined distance to apply a force to said movable member to move said movable member to its terminal position, restraining means normally releasably restraining said stored energy means in operative condition, said movable member after being moved a predetermined distance by the force applied thereto by said electromagnetic means engaging and actuating said restraining means to a non-restraining position thereby permitting said stored energy means to move said movable member the remaining distance to its terminal position.
  • An operating device comprising an element freely movable from one position to another position, two stored energy means one of which is instantaneously operable, an energy translating device energized by an impulse from said instantaneously operable stored energy means and .operable when energized to apply a force to said movable gaging and completing the movement of said mova'ble element to-said other position, said instantaneously oper- .able stored energy means comprising a charged condenser, and said energy translating device comprising electrodynamic means.
  • An operating device comprising a movable element biased to one position and movable to a second position, means comprising a repulsion electromagnet operable when energized to apply a force to said movable element to start said movable element in motion toward said second position, stored energy means connected to energize said repulsion electromagnet, a second stored energy means operable after said movable element is started in motion to then move said movable element to said second position, restraining means releasably restraining said second stored energy means in operative condition, said element to said second position.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
US575227A 1955-04-06 1956-03-30 Circuit interrupter Expired - Lifetime US2897408A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE341878X 1955-04-06

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US2897408A true US2897408A (en) 1959-07-28

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US (1) US2897408A (de)
CH (1) CH341878A (de)
DE (1) DE1071821B (de)
GB (1) GB804388A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3308404A (en) * 1964-02-10 1967-03-07 Fujita Teizo Electric switch responsive to predetermined or abnormal current condition
EP0017575A1 (de) * 1979-04-09 1980-10-15 Merlin Gerin Schalter mit Schnellauslösung im Falle eines Fehlers
FR2512268A1 (fr) * 1981-08-27 1983-03-04 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur electrique a commande rapide
US4516182A (en) * 1981-01-16 1985-05-07 Ga Technologies Inc. Current limiting apparatus
WO1991002370A2 (en) * 1989-07-28 1991-02-21 Federal Pioneer Limited Miniature circuit breakers
US20050155934A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2005-07-21 Vo Toan P. Method for removing contaminants from fluid streams
US20150213982A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-07-30 Lsis Co., Ltd. Relay
EP3913649A1 (de) * 2020-05-22 2021-11-24 ABB Schweiz AG Schaltersystem

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2150352A (en) * 1983-11-25 1985-06-26 Electricity Council Circuit breaker assembly
DE4209199C2 (de) * 1992-03-19 1997-02-06 Elpro Ag Trennschalter mit hoher Schaltgeschwindigkeit
DE4229965A1 (de) * 1992-09-08 1994-03-10 Weier Elektromotorenwerke Gmbh Asynchrongenerator

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL76843C (de) * 1940-04-23
US844650A (en) * 1903-11-02 1907-02-19 Cutler Hammer Mfg Co Alternating-current-retaining device for electric-motor controllers.
US1184844A (en) * 1912-05-27 1916-05-30 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Electric-circuit interrupter.
US2381254A (en) * 1943-12-11 1945-08-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breaker control
US2624818A (en) * 1950-05-10 1953-01-06 Ira E Mccabe Voltage regulating relay
US2696536A (en) * 1949-12-21 1954-12-07 Gen Electric Control arrangement for circuit breakers

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US844650A (en) * 1903-11-02 1907-02-19 Cutler Hammer Mfg Co Alternating-current-retaining device for electric-motor controllers.
US1184844A (en) * 1912-05-27 1916-05-30 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Electric-circuit interrupter.
NL76843C (de) * 1940-04-23
US2381254A (en) * 1943-12-11 1945-08-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breaker control
US2696536A (en) * 1949-12-21 1954-12-07 Gen Electric Control arrangement for circuit breakers
US2624818A (en) * 1950-05-10 1953-01-06 Ira E Mccabe Voltage regulating relay

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3308404A (en) * 1964-02-10 1967-03-07 Fujita Teizo Electric switch responsive to predetermined or abnormal current condition
EP0017575A1 (de) * 1979-04-09 1980-10-15 Merlin Gerin Schalter mit Schnellauslösung im Falle eines Fehlers
FR2454174A1 (fr) * 1979-04-09 1980-11-07 Merlin Gerin Contacteur a commande d'ouverture rapide sur defaut
US4292611A (en) * 1979-04-09 1981-09-29 Merlin Gerin S.A. High-speed automatic tripping contactor
US4516182A (en) * 1981-01-16 1985-05-07 Ga Technologies Inc. Current limiting apparatus
FR2512268A1 (fr) * 1981-08-27 1983-03-04 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur electrique a commande rapide
WO1991002370A2 (en) * 1989-07-28 1991-02-21 Federal Pioneer Limited Miniature circuit breakers
WO1991002370A3 (en) * 1989-07-28 1991-06-27 Federal Pioneer Ltd Miniature circuit breakers
US20050155934A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2005-07-21 Vo Toan P. Method for removing contaminants from fluid streams
US20150213982A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-07-30 Lsis Co., Ltd. Relay
US9613771B2 (en) * 2014-01-28 2017-04-04 Lsis Co., Ltd. Relay
EP3913649A1 (de) * 2020-05-22 2021-11-24 ABB Schweiz AG Schaltersystem
WO2021234108A1 (en) * 2020-05-22 2021-11-25 Abb Schweiz Ag A switch system

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Publication number Publication date
DE1071821B (de) 1959-12-24
GB804388A (en) 1958-11-12
CH341878A (de) 1959-10-31

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