US2836235A - Vacuum concentrator for juices or the like - Google Patents

Vacuum concentrator for juices or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US2836235A
US2836235A US558377A US55837756A US2836235A US 2836235 A US2836235 A US 2836235A US 558377 A US558377 A US 558377A US 55837756 A US55837756 A US 55837756A US 2836235 A US2836235 A US 2836235A
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
liquid
concentrator
trough
disposed
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Expired - Lifetime
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US558377A
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English (en)
Inventor
Maximilian M Koffler
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US2836235A publication Critical patent/US2836235A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/02—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation containing fruit or vegetable juices
    • A23L2/08—Concentrating or drying of juices
    • A23L2/10—Concentrating or drying of juices by heating or contact with dry gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/08—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in rotating vessels; Atomisation on rotating discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a vacuum concentrator for number of upright heat exchanging surfaces of circular 21-1 cross-section disposed 'coaxially within each other, the first one forming the inner wall of an outermost heat exchanger, the other forming the outer and inner walls, respectively, of coaxial inner heat exchangers, and
  • the inner heating surfaces of the heat exchangers may slope toward their axis so that the/downward flow of the liquid is slowed down alo'ng'these heating surfaces.
  • substantially radial blades revolving about the axis of the concentrator and having their outer edges disposed parallel'to the inner heating surfaces of the heat exchangers at a small'distance thereflom. These blades serve on the one hand to throw the liquid, fed into the top part of the concentrator, centrifugally towards the inner heating surface of the outer heat motion which is preferably rectified by baffles or the like in the transition between the heatexchangers.
  • pumping means e. g. piston pumps so disposed as to deliver the liquid in upward direction along the outer surfaces of the inner heat exchanger.
  • Bafiies similar to those provided in the transition between the heat exchangers may also be disposed on the top of the inner heat exchangers in order to right the Because of this fact, the
  • the concentrator according to the invention is used for single-stage operation, it is provided with a conventional hood which is connected to a vacuum duct and which may enclose foam bafl'les or the like means preventing liquid to be carried oh by the escaping vapours.
  • the apparatus is used as a second-stage concentrator it may be mounted directly at the bottom end of the first-stage concentrator.
  • Fig. l is an axial section of a vacuum concentrator according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof on line lI--il;
  • Fig. 3 shows a detail of Fig. l in vertical section on a larger scale
  • Fig. 4 is a detail in evolution
  • Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on line V-V of Fig. l.
  • the concentrator here illustrated comprises a heat exchanger 1 of inverted 'frustoconical shape disposed within a jacket 2 of similar shape.
  • the upper part 3 of the heat exchanger 1 is substantially cylindrical and projects upwards out of the jacket 2.
  • its flanged upper edge 3 is secured to the bottom flange 4 of a cylindrical body 5
  • the connection between the heat exchanger and the hood or other concentrator 5 may be modified in any suitable manner, and in particular the heat exchanger may be hingedly connected to the body 4 so that it can be swung open.
  • the bottom end of the heat exchanger '1 merges through the bottom into an annular trough 7 below the bottom 6 of the concentrator. This bottom 6 in its turn merges into the jacket 2.
  • the trough is covered by an annular lid 8 extending over a part of the width of the trough.
  • a second heat exchanger 9 which is also secured to the bottom 6 of the concentrator.
  • This is an annular body of about trapezoidal cross section whose outer'side it? and inner side 11 both "serve as heat exchanging surfaces.
  • the outer side 19 is substantially vertical and merges into the trough 7.
  • the innerside l1 slants downwards into a vpit 12.
  • the inner wall 'of the pit 12 is formed by a cylindrical body 15 whose top wall 14 has a central aperture.
  • baffles 15 which may be substantially radial or include relatively small angles with the radii. These serve for rectifying the how of-the liquid which flows down along the inner-side of the outer heat exchanger 1 and in doing so is also given a circumferential motion.
  • bafiies 16 are disposed'in radial or radial positions-on the'top'of the inner heat exchanger
  • the jacket space surrounding theouter heat exchanger has an inlet 17 and outlet 18 for a heating fluid, e. g. steam under pressure.
  • a similar inlet and outlet are provided for the inner heat exchanger 9. The latter may be connected in series with the outer heat exchanger, or it may be supplied with heating fluid independently of therlatter.
  • a refractometer 21 is provided in the outlet 19. Its indications are a measure of the degree of concentration of the outgoing liquid. If this is not yet sufficiently concentrated it can be recycled into the concen trator.
  • a shaft 22 is journalled in suitable bearings of which one is disposed in a plate 23 at the bottom of a pit 24 joined to the bottom 6 oflthe apparatus, while at least one other bearing is disposed at any suitable Place above or below the former, e; g. in'the top wall 14 of the cylindrical body 13.
  • the shaft is rotated by a motor 25 whose shaft 26 is connected to a pulley 27 on shaft 22 by a transmission belt 28.
  • a hub 29 is keyed on shaft 22; This hub carries a distribution plate 30, a number of radial blades 31-eight in this exampleand an annular distribution plate32.
  • radial arms or spikes 36 are secured to a hub 36' keyed to the shaft 22."
  • a sleeve 38 which surrounds the: inner heat exchanger 9.
  • the bottom edge of the sleeve. 38 dips into the Vtrough-7 past the lid S'of the latter and carrieson its. inner face a plurality of vanes 39. These vanes are slightly curved, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the sleeve 38 serves 7 as a centrifugal pump which, by means of the vanes 39,
  • the sleeve38 is structurally reinforced by outer annular ribs or flanges 40 which also serve for the support of radial blades 41.;
  • the concentrator according to the invention has been '7 others form the outer and inner wall, respectively, Of an inner heat exchanger; means for substantially uniformly distributing liquid to be concentrated over the'top zone is of the outermost heat exchanging surface; an annular trough in the bottom region between the two heat exchangers for collecting the liquidflowing off the outermost heat exchanging surface, artrough for collecting the concentrate flowing off the innermost heat exchanging surface, and means for withdrawing the concentrate from this collecting trough; substantially radial bladesmounted on a rotary shaft disposed in the axis 'of the heat exlatter are in vertical register with the outer. parts of. 7
  • blades 34, and their outer edges are continuations of those of blades34.
  • V Below the arms 36 another hub .42 is keyed on the shaft 22. This carries radial blades'43 in vertical register with which is centrifugally thrown towards the surface 3;
  • the liquid flows down along the surfaces 3 andl and is heated indirectly by the heating fluid streaming through a the jacket space 2.
  • the blades 34 and'41 Which'act both as fans and as scrapers;
  • Theblades' impart 'to the liquid a lateral motion.
  • the bafiies 15 When the liquid reaches the trough 7, the sideward component of its movement is suppressed by the bafiies 15.
  • the liquid'is taken up byrthe vanes changers with their outer edges parallel to the inner surfaces of both heat exchangers, respectively, at a small distance therefrom, and being adapted to move peripherally and to reduce to a thin film the liquid layer flowing down along these surfaces; a cylindricalsleeve secured to said shaft, said sleeve being rimmed inwards and open at its top ⁇ and surroundingthe inner. heat exchanger at a small distance therefrom and having on its inner surface, within said annular trough, vanes adapted to take. up the liquid pressing peripheral movement thereofmanta Cited n the file of this patent;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US558377A 1955-07-15 1956-01-10 Vacuum concentrator for juices or the like Expired - Lifetime US2836235A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL330466X 1955-07-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2836235A true US2836235A (en) 1958-05-27

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ID=11045106

Family Applications (1)

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US558377A Expired - Lifetime US2836235A (en) 1955-07-15 1956-01-10 Vacuum concentrator for juices or the like

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2836235A (fr)
CH (1) CH330466A (fr)
DE (1) DE1051621B (fr)
FR (1) FR1153969A (fr)
GB (1) GB789710A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3054729A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-09-18 Arthur F Smith Distillation film wiping apparatus
US3097126A (en) * 1960-12-30 1963-07-09 Koffler Maximilian Vacuum evaporator with a climbing and falling film
US20040144405A1 (en) * 2001-05-02 2004-07-29 Garrick David Stephen Apparatus and method
CN103191571A (zh) * 2013-03-28 2013-07-10 黄小周 高速旋转式薄膜真空浓缩机

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH390222A (de) * 1960-11-14 1965-04-15 Luwa Ag Dünnschichtbehandlungsapparat
CN109381878A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-02-26 北京师范大学 一种节能环保节水型旋转蒸发浓缩装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US538556A (en) * 1895-04-30 theisen
US557993A (en) * 1896-04-07 Wilhelm kortum
US734228A (en) * 1902-01-27 1903-07-21 Nicholas Gerber Vacuum-pan.
US1888872A (en) * 1929-09-03 1932-11-22 Fractionator Company Fractionating tower
GB500400A (en) * 1937-03-18 1939-02-08 Francisco Salsas Serra Atomiser for liquids
US2455059A (en) * 1945-04-05 1948-11-30 Distillation Products Inc Vacuum unobstructed path distillation apparatus
US2561395A (en) * 1946-03-16 1951-07-24 Donald E Marshall Apparatus for vaporizing solutions or liquid mixtures and pelleting the residues
US2774415A (en) * 1951-10-25 1956-12-18 Rodney Hunt Machine Co Evaporator

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US538556A (en) * 1895-04-30 theisen
US557993A (en) * 1896-04-07 Wilhelm kortum
US734228A (en) * 1902-01-27 1903-07-21 Nicholas Gerber Vacuum-pan.
US1888872A (en) * 1929-09-03 1932-11-22 Fractionator Company Fractionating tower
GB500400A (en) * 1937-03-18 1939-02-08 Francisco Salsas Serra Atomiser for liquids
US2455059A (en) * 1945-04-05 1948-11-30 Distillation Products Inc Vacuum unobstructed path distillation apparatus
US2561395A (en) * 1946-03-16 1951-07-24 Donald E Marshall Apparatus for vaporizing solutions or liquid mixtures and pelleting the residues
US2774415A (en) * 1951-10-25 1956-12-18 Rodney Hunt Machine Co Evaporator

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3054729A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-09-18 Arthur F Smith Distillation film wiping apparatus
US3097126A (en) * 1960-12-30 1963-07-09 Koffler Maximilian Vacuum evaporator with a climbing and falling film
US20040144405A1 (en) * 2001-05-02 2004-07-29 Garrick David Stephen Apparatus and method
CN103191571A (zh) * 2013-03-28 2013-07-10 黄小周 高速旋转式薄膜真空浓缩机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH330466A (de) 1958-06-15
GB789710A (en) 1958-01-29
DE1051621B (de) 1959-02-26
FR1153969A (fr) 1958-03-31

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