US2721560A - Hair waving rod - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 25, 1955 AMACHER 2,721,560

HAIR WAVING ROD Filed Oct. 29, 1951 INVENTOR. .flr'zhurfl. flmacher' A TTORNE Y United States Patent HAIR WAVING ROD Arthur A. Amacher, Flint, Mich.

Application 'October 29, 1951, Serial No. 253,669

9 Claims. (Cl. 132-42) The present invention relates to rods used in the curling or waving of hair, and more particularly to rods capable of having the hair-bearing portions thereof adjustable 'to different diameters while the hair remains coiled thereon.

The general practice in cold permanent waving is to first wind locks or tresses of hair tightly upon rods of small diameter applying a waving solution both prior to and after the Winding operation. After waiting a specified time according to the type of hair and Waving solution used, a neutralizing solution is applied to the windings of hair and a further waiting period is required for the neutralizer to fix or make the wave permanent. The hair is then unwound from the rods, and after all of the rods have been removed, the above-mentioned solutions are rinsed from the hair. In order for the waved hair to set properly while drying, it is necessary for the operator to arrange the head of hair in many small curls wound around the operators finger and pinned down closely to the scalp. This method is time-consuming, as it requires a considerable length of time for the operator to make the Chris, and a very much longer period spent under a drying apparatus to thoroughly dry these pinned down curls. Various kinds of drying mechanisms have been developed for the sole purpose of shortening the drying tin est these closely wound pin curls, but due 'to the difiiculty of circulating air through hair pinned so tightly, it still requires a considerable length of time to dry the curls with this method.

An object of the invention is to provide 'a hair waving rod which is quickly and easily adjustable to different diameters for supporting hair tightly wound to a small diameter thereon during a waving operation and loosely wound to a much larger diameter during a setting operation without removing the hair from the rod.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hair waving rod in accordance with the preceding object wherein the adjustable hair-bearing members 'of the rod comprise a plurality of spaced, longitudinally extending strands of material between and around which air may be freely circulated during the drying operation.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a hair Waving rod having a center bar with end members mounted thereon for turning movement relative to one another which support therebetween and outwardly of the bar thin strands that form hair-bearing members around all of which a lock or tress of hair is wound, and when said end members are turned relative to one another, said strands will be twisted or straightened moving the portions thereof intermediate their ends towards or away from the center bar thereby adjusting the diameter formed by the strands.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a novel and improved hair waving rod of the above-indicated character which is simple and substantial in construction, economical to manufacture, and thoroughly efiicient and practical in use.

These, together with various auxiliary features and 2,721,560 Patented Oct. '25, "1955 vice . '2 objects of the invention which will later become apparent -as the following description proceeds, are attained by "the present invention, preferred embodiments of which have been illustrated, by way of examples only, in the accompa'nying drawing, wherein:

Figure l is a side elevation of the rod in expanded position;

figure 2 is an end view of same;

Figure 3 is also a side elevation, but showing the parts inacontracted position,

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through the rod; and Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modified form of the invention.

Referring now more specifically to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numerals designate similar parts throughout the various views, the numeral "10 indicates a spindle with reduced ends 11 and 12 providing shoulders 13 and 14, respectively. Disc-shaped members T5 and 16 with centrally arranged holes that receive the reduced ends 11 and 12 form end members that are both rotatably and slidably mounted on the spindle. The major portion of the spindle 10 between the shoulders 13 and His round in cross section and slowly tapers from each shoulder towards the center thereof where it is of the least diameter.

The reduced end 11 of the spindle is stepped to a slightly larger diameter, as at 17, where it is joined to the shoulder 13, thus providing a central support for a spiral compression spring 18 positioned between the shoulder 13 and an inner face of the end member 1 5. 'On the reduced end 12 between the shoulder 14 and the inner face "of the end member 16 is a washer 19 of fiber or other suitable material for frictionally holding the end member 16 against turning movement relative to the spindle 10. The spindle 19 and end members 15 and 16 are constructed of plastic or other suitable material that will not be affected by waving and neutralizing solutions. The spring 18 is likewise constructed or coated with material for a similar purpose.

In each of the disc- shaped end members 15 and 16 are an equal number of radial holes 20 extending at angles through the outer faces and peripheries of said members. Through these holes is laced a single piece of flexible material 21, preferably nylon or plastic, providing a plurality of strands 22 extending longitudinally between the end members 15 and 16. The lacing of the material -21 forming the strands 22 is accomplished by first threading the material from the outer side of one of the end members 15 or 16 through a hole 20 to the periphery of said member from where the material extends through the peripheral end of a corresponding hole 20 of the other end member. The material is then threaded back through the next hole 20 of the same member and emerges again at the periphery of an end member. This procedure is followed until all strands 22 are provided for and until the opposite ends of the material are extending through adjacent holes 20 to the outer side of the end member through winch the lacing started, whereupon, the end members are slightly forced towards one another, and while the ends of the material are drawn tight, they are tied together, as shown at 23 in Figure 2.

Carried by the reduced end 12 of the spindle 10 outwardlyo'f the end member 16 is one end of a rubber strap 24 adapted to be stretched and engaged over the extremity of the other reduced end 11 of the spindle, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, for preventing unwinding of the rod from the hair. Rubber straps of this type are nowcommonly used for a 'likepurpose, and the inclusion thereof, while not being a claimed feature of this inveneffecting an efiic'ien't opercompensating for the shortening of the distance between the end members 15 and 16 to keep the strands 22 taut and under the same tension when the strands 22 are angularly disposed to the spindle and are twisted to a position such as shown in Figure 3. Instead of yieldably supporting the end member 15 with a spring 18, the end member 15 as shown in Figure 5, has internal threads 15 thereon, while the reduced end 16 is provided with external threads 16 that engage each other and feed the end member 15 inwardly and outwardly on the reduced end 16 according to positions of the strands 22 relative to the spindle 10 While threads are shown and described for accomplishing the above purpose, it is to be understood that cams with angled engaging surfaces could just as well be used and that the threads as shown actually provide a camming of the end member upon turning movement thereof on the reduced end 16*. In cases where threads or cams are used instead of springs, friction is greatest at the end with the washer, thereby causing all turning to be on the threads 15 and 16 or on the engaging cam surfaces.

When giving a cold permanent wave with the improved rods, the rods are twisted to the position as shown in Figure 3 prior to the Winding of locks of hair thereon. By holding the peripheral edges of the end members 15 and 16 with the forefinger and thumb of the hands and turning one end member while holding the other, either the frictional engagement of the spring 18 with the end member 15, or the frictional engagement of the washer 19 with the end member 16 will be overcome and the rods are easily and quickly adjusted to contracted positions with the strands 22 twisted on the spindles where they will remain due to said above-mentioned frictional engagement when the end members 15 and 16 are released. After the hair has been thoroughly moistened with a waving solution and has remained wound upon the contracted rods a sufficient length of time for the wave to take, a neutralizing solution to fix or make the wave permanent is applied to the windings of hair. While the hair remains wound on the contracted rods, the above-mentioned solutions may or may not be rinsed from the hair, depending upon the kind of solutions used. By then disconnecting an end of each of the rubber straps 24 and turning the end members 15 and 16 of each rod relative to one another while slightly turning the entire rod in an unwinding direction relative to the winding of hair, the winding of hair will loosen permitting the rod to expand to a position as shown in Figure l. The rubber straps are then re-engaged over the ends 1.1 to hold the loosened windings of hair on the rods during a drying or setting 2 operation, which can be quickly and efl'iciently effected because of the fact that air can be circulated through the hair. After the drying, the hair may be combed out and the waves arranged in the hair style desired.

From the above, it can be seen that the slow and tedious operation of making numerous small pin curls has been eliminated, and the time of drying the hair has been materially reduced.

In view of the foregoing description taken in conjunc tion with the accompanying drawing, it is believed that a clear understanding of the construction, operation, and advantages of the device will be quite apparent to those skilled in this art. A more detailed description is accordingly deemed unnecessary.

It is to be understood, however, that even though there are herein shown and described preferred embodiments of the invention, various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and full intendment of the invention.

What is claimed is:

l. A hair waving device comprising a spindle, an end member at each end of said spindle, at least one of said end members being supported for turning movement relative to the other end member, and a plurality of spaced hair-supporting members extending longitudinally of said spindle and connected at their opposite ends to said end members to provide a reel-like construction upon which hair is wound, said hair-supporting members being adapted to be positioned parallel with or at angles to said spindle according to turned positions of said end members relative to one another thereby increasing or decreasing the diameter of the reel-like construction formed by said plurality of hair-supporting members.

2. A hair waving device comprising a spindle, an end member at each end of said spindle, at least one of said end members being supported for turning movement relative to the other end member, spaced hair-supporting members extending longitudinally of said spindle and connected at their opposite ends to said end members, said hair-supporting members being adapted to be positioned parallel with or at angles to said spindle according to the turned positions of said end members relative to one another thereby increasing or decreasing the diameter formed by all of said hair-supporting members intermediate the ends of said hair-supporting members, and means providing end movement for at least one of said end members to compensate for the dififerences in space between said end members caused by parallel and angled relationship of said hair-supporting members to said spindle.

3. A hair waving device comprising a spindle, a circular end member at each end of said spindle, at least one of said circular end members being supported by said spindle for turning movement relative to the other end member, and a plurality of spaced hair-supporting members with their opposite ends connected to and extending from the peripheries of said circular end members and being arranged longitudinally of said spindle said hair-supporting members providing a reel-like construction of greater diameter than the diameters of said end members upon positioning said hair-supporting members parallel with said spindle, said hair-supporting members also being adapted to form a reel-like construction of less diameter than said end members upon a turned position of one of said end members relative to the other and thereby positioning said hair-supporting members at angles to one another and said spindle.

4. A hair waving device comprising a spindle, a circular end member at each end of said spindle, at least one of said circular end members being supported by said spindle for turning movement relative to the other end member, spaced hair-supporting members with their opposite ends connected to and extending from the peripheries of said circular end members and being arranged longitudinally of said spindle, said hair-supporting members being adapted to be positioned parallel with or at angles to said spindle according to the turned positions of said end members relative to one another thereby increasing or decreasing the diameter formed by all of said hair-supporting members intermediate the ends of said hair-supporting members, and means providing end movement for at least one of said end members to compensate for the difference in space between said end members caused by parallel and angled relationship of said hairsupporting members to said spindle.

5. A hair waving device comprising a spindle, an extension on at least one end of said spindle, an end member at each end of said spindle and at least one of said end members being supported for turning movement on said extension, spaced hair-supporting members extending longitudinally of said spindle and connected at their opposite ends to said end members, and means at said extension providing for endwise movement of the end member supported thereby to compensate for the dilference in length of the hair-supporting members and the space between said end members when one end member is turned relative to the other.

6. The combination of claim 5 wherein said means providing for endwise movement of an end member includes a spiral compression spring about said end extension and yieldably forcing the end member outward.

7. The combination of claim 5 wherein said means providing for endwise movement of an end member includes angled faces that cam said end member endwise upon turning movement thereof on said extension.

8. A hair waving device comprising a spindle, a reduced extension on each end of said spindle forming shoulders where said extensions join said spindle, an end member mounted on each extension for turning movement, a friction washer on one of said extensions between a shoulder and an end member, a spiral compression spring about the other of said extensions and engaging at its ends an end member and a shoulder, and spaced hair-supporting members extending longitudinally of said spindle and connected at their opposite ends to said end members.

9. A hair waving device comprising a spindle, a circular end member at each end of said spindle, at least one of said circular end members being supported by said spindle for turning movement relative to the other end member,

said circular end members having spaced openings therein, and a piece of thin flexible material laced through said holes in a manner in which a plurality of portions thereof extend longitudinally of said spindle from one circular end member to the other to provide spaced hair-supporting members of a reel-like construction upon which hair is wound, said hair-supporting members being adapted to be positioned parallel with or at angles to said spindle according to turned positions of said end members relative to one another and thereby increasing or decreasing the diameter of the reel-like construction formed by said hair-supporting members.

References Cited in the file of this patent FOREIGN PATENTS 976,910 France Nov. 1, 1950 627,628 Great Britain Aug. 12, 1949 514,361 Germany Dec. 15, 1930 697,915 Germany Sept. 26, 1940

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