US2668928A - Electrode mounting for electrical discharge lamps, and particularly for discharge lams with fluorescent screens - Google Patents

Electrode mounting for electrical discharge lamps, and particularly for discharge lams with fluorescent screens Download PDF

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Publication number
US2668928A
US2668928A US161368A US16136850A US2668928A US 2668928 A US2668928 A US 2668928A US 161368 A US161368 A US 161368A US 16136850 A US16136850 A US 16136850A US 2668928 A US2668928 A US 2668928A
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United States
Prior art keywords
auxiliary
discharge
electrode
electrodes
electrical
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Expired - Lifetime
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US161368A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roger-Francois-Desire Navarre
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Umicore NV SA
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Acec
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
    • H01J61/545—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using an auxiliary electrode inside the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps

Definitions

  • ROGER FRANCOIS DESIRE NAVARRE DIT MALHERBE
  • the present invention relates to electrical discharge lamps in a gas or metallic vapor, particularly to discharge lamps with fluorescent screens or fluorescent lamps and more particularly to the means for starting such discharge lamps.
  • the problem of starting electrical discharge lamps is a complex problem both with respect to the operation of the lamp itself as well as to the auxiliary apparatus attached thereto.
  • a good starting requires observing all the necessary conditions on this subject and particularly those relating to the voltage applied as a function of the distance between the electrodes and the pressure of the gas filling the interior of the lamp. It also requires taking into account the conditions for preserving the lamp and in particular the electrodes and the auxiliary apparatus. It is also desirable to satisfy these conditions with the aid of an installation as economical as possible.
  • an auxiliary starting device may be constructed comprising shunts upon a single source of current supply, a circuit for placing the main electrodes under tension, an electrical stabilization apparatus inserted in the circuit of the main electrodes and impedances located in the circuit of the auxiliary electrodes in order to feed the latter from the circuit of the main electrodes, said impedances being capable of creating by the resonance effect with the fundamental component or any harmonic component of the circuit for placing under tension the main electrodes of the lamp a sufficient electrical supervoltage for starting an auxiliary discharge. Such discharge will bring about the starting of the discharge at the interior of the lamp between the main electrodes.
  • main electrodes being cold thermionic emission takes place first by luminescent discharge with the auxiliary electrodes.
  • the reduced dimension of the main electrodes or of the portion of the latter nearest the auxiliary electrodes brings about a first rapid elevation of the temperature of the main electrodes or of a portion of the latter up to a value useful for thermionic emission.
  • the ionization of the gas or of the metallic vapor in the main circuit determines in its turn the starting of the discharge as a function of the number of electrons emitted by the main electrodes.
  • the temperature continues to rise progressively under the effect of the impact of the accelerated positive ions in the fall of the potential or" the cathodic field up to the value limited by the intensity controlled by the electrical stabilization apparatus of the lamp.
  • the auxiliary paths may be eliminated in order to cancel their electrical consumption as well as for improving cathodic pulverization of the auxiliary electrodes. It has resulted from experience that such a pulverization towards the main electrodes forms upon the latter a deposit which can be so important as to conceal, thin out and then cancel the thermionic emission. This will reduce the length of life of an electrical discharge lamp considerably.
  • An object of the invention is to provide certain arrangements for the mounting of the auxiliary electrodes whereby the length of life of electrical discharge lamps may be increased by eliminating or limiting the cathodic pulverizetion of the auxiliary electrodes.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide electrode mountings for electrical discharge lamps and particularly for discharge lamps with fluorescent screens having together or separately the following features:
  • the auxiliary electrode is located at the side opposed to the discharge path with respect to the corresponding main electrode and the density of the surface current of the auxiliary electrode is very small of the order of 0.0005 to 0.001 ampere per square centimeter.
  • the auxiliary electrode is formed from a metal of low ionizing potential such as aluminum, magnesium, the alloys of these metals or alkaline metals.
  • One or more screens of an insulating material are located in the path of the auxiliary discharge.
  • One or more metallic screens which may be insulated or connected to a suitable potential are located in thepath of the auxiliary discharge.
  • the auxiliary electrodes may be of a geometrical form having an axis of revolution centered upon the corresponding mainelectrode such, for example, as superposed annular discs, a cylinder having a smooth, corrugated or deformed side wall or a cylinder provided with interior and/or exterior wings or fins.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an auxiliary electrode having a plurality of superposed annular discs'spaced from one another.
  • Fig. 2 ise plan-view of-theauxiliary electrode shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig.3 is a cross-sectional view of amodification showing the auxiliary electrode inthe form ofa cylinder with a corrugated side wall with the main electrode locatedat the axis'of suchc'ylinder.
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of theelectrodes shown in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is'a cross-sectional view of'a further modification wherein the auxiliary electrode is in the form of a cylinder having interior fins.
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view of the auxiliary electrode shown inFig. 5.
  • Fig. '7 is a cross-sectional view of "a further modificationwherein in addition to the auxiliary electrode shown in Fig. 1 there is provided a screen,
  • Fig. -8 is a cross-sectionalviewillustratingla still further modification wherein a screen of insulating material is provided.
  • l is the foot at "one end of an electrical'discharge lamp and 2 is the protecting casing for the-current inlets.
  • the main electrode is shown'at-3 and 4 indicates the lead-ins for the current of the main electrode.
  • the auxiliary electrode is illustrated at 5 and the lead-in for such auxiliary electrode is shown at 6.
  • the auxiliary electrode is constructed with a plurality of superposed annular discs located at a spaced distance from one another.
  • auxiliary electrode 5' is constructed in' the form of a cylinder having corrugations 20 in the side walls thereof as clearly shown in Fig. 4.
  • the main electrode 3 is located at the axis of the cylinder 5.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5" of the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is in the form of a cylinder having interior .fins 1.
  • the main electrode is located at theaxis of the cylinder 5".
  • Fig. 7 The modification shown in Fig. 7 is similar to "the form shown in Fig. 1 but in addition has located above the auxiliary electrode 5 a metallic screen 8 which maybe polarized or nonpolarized.
  • the screen is inthe form of an annular disc havin substantially the same dimensions as one of the disc's forming'the auxiliary electrode '5.
  • the screen In is a metallic screen not connected to a source of current -or 'is a screen of insulating material such asmica or steatite. This screen is also located in the path of the projections.
  • An electrode mounting 'for electrical discharge lamps comprising principal and auxiliary electrodes and particularly for fluorescent lamps which are started by means of ionizing auxiliary electrical discharges which heat the-principal electrodes, wherein (a) theauxiliary electrode is constituted of a metal of a low ionization-potential, (b) the density of the surface current of the auxiliary electrode is of the order of 00005170 0.001 ampere per square centimeter; c) the auxiliary electrode is located at the-side opposite to the principal electrical discharge path with respect to the principal electrode, and "(d-) the discharges between the principal a electrode and the auxiliary electrode are of the opposeddischarge type.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
US161368A 1949-05-21 1950-05-11 Electrode mounting for electrical discharge lamps, and particularly for discharge lams with fluorescent screens Expired - Lifetime US2668928A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR961274X 1949-05-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2668928A true US2668928A (en) 1954-02-09

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ID=9496812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US161368A Expired - Lifetime US2668928A (en) 1949-05-21 1950-05-11 Electrode mounting for electrical discharge lamps, and particularly for discharge lams with fluorescent screens

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2668928A (de)
BE (1) BE495711A (de)
CH (1) CH286665A (de)
DE (1) DE961274C (de)
ES (1) ES193060A1 (de)
FR (1) FR991887A (de)
GB (1) GB716176A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020070666A1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2002-06-13 Van Den Bogert Willem Johannes Fluorescent lamp and method of manufacturing same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1082348B (de) * 1956-06-27 1960-05-25 Sylvania Electric Prod Niederdruck-Leuchtstofflampe

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1267199A (en) * 1915-09-20 1918-05-21 Gen Electric Incandescent-cathode arc device.
US2028548A (en) * 1932-04-05 1936-01-21 Kirsten Lighting Corp Low voltage gas arc lamp
US2034572A (en) * 1933-08-16 1936-03-17 Gen Electric Electric lamp and method of producing light
US2038049A (en) * 1931-12-11 1936-04-21 Kirsten Lighting Corp Low voltage gas arc lamp
US2103052A (en) * 1934-06-18 1937-12-21 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge lamp device
US2173208A (en) * 1935-05-07 1939-09-19 Ets Claude Paz & Silva Electrode

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE694562C (de) * 1930-12-07 1940-08-03 Osram G M B H Komm Ges Elektrische Hochdruckentladungsroehre fuer Beleuchnd Zusatz eines verdampfbaren Metalls
DE667118C (de) * 1935-07-09 1938-11-04 Philips Patentverwaltung Insbesondere fuer Lichtausstrahlung dienende elektrische Entladungsroehre mit einer oder mehreren Hauptgluehelektroden und Hilfselektroden
DE721503C (de) * 1940-03-14 1942-06-08 Aeg Hochdruckentladungslampe mit Wasserstoffuellung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1267199A (en) * 1915-09-20 1918-05-21 Gen Electric Incandescent-cathode arc device.
US2038049A (en) * 1931-12-11 1936-04-21 Kirsten Lighting Corp Low voltage gas arc lamp
US2028548A (en) * 1932-04-05 1936-01-21 Kirsten Lighting Corp Low voltage gas arc lamp
US2034572A (en) * 1933-08-16 1936-03-17 Gen Electric Electric lamp and method of producing light
US2103052A (en) * 1934-06-18 1937-12-21 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge lamp device
US2173208A (en) * 1935-05-07 1939-09-19 Ets Claude Paz & Silva Electrode

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020070666A1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2002-06-13 Van Den Bogert Willem Johannes Fluorescent lamp and method of manufacturing same
US6936967B2 (en) * 2000-09-14 2005-08-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Fluorescent lamp and method of manufacturing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB716176A (en) 1954-09-29
DE961274C (de) 1957-04-04
CH286665A (fr) 1952-10-31
FR991887A (fr) 1951-10-11
ES193060A1 (es) 1951-07-01
BE495711A (fr) 1950-09-01

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