US2649664A - Honing machine - Google Patents

Description

1953 J.- SUNNEN 2,649,664

, HONING MACHINE 5 Shuts-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

JOSEPH SUNNEN ATTORNEY Aug.25, 1953 I v J. 5 mm 2,649,664

6 HONING MACHINE Filed Jan. 6. 1950 s Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR." JOSEPH SUNNE'N ATTORNEY Aug. 25, was

Filed Jan. 6, 1950 J- SUNNEN HONING MACHINE s Sheets-Sheet :5

FI.G.5.

' INVENTOR. JOSEPH SUNNEN ATTORNFY Patented Aug. 25, 1953 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

This invention relates to honing machines and especially to honing machines for use in honing bushings, rings, and the like, which have a comparatively large diameter with respect to their length, thus making it diflicult to keep the finished holes truly coaxial and cylindrical and to avoid tapered or bell-mouthed holes.

Where honing machines are used for the finishing of holes having a length substantially greater than the diameter of the hole, the hone has a natural tendency to true itself in the work which is usually sufficient to maintain axial alignment and to avoid any tapering eifect or bell shaped formations at the ends of the holes. However. when the bushings being finished are comparatively short with respect to the diameter of the hole, it is very difiicult for the operator to hold the bushing in alignment with the axis of the hone arbor and, in fact, any attempt to hold a short bushing is likely to result in aggravating the misalignment.

In internal honing operations with a small hone arbor driven on a fixed axis, it is undesirable to hold the work rigidly, as the adjustment of its hone changes its radius of rotation without changing the radius of rotation of the opposing guide in the same degree, if at all. The resulting variable gyration of the work has thus presented serious difficulties in producing a truly cylindrical and coaxial bore.

In order to avoid the above difficulties and to obtain certain advantageous results which will be apparent from the following specification, I have provided a device for rigidly holding the bushing in alignment with the hone arbor without interfering with the slight gyration inherent in honing operations, and at the same time, providing for longitudinal movement to produce a satisfactory honed surface.

It is an object of this invention to produce a honing attachment for honing machines whereby various kinds of work and especially bushings can be accurately held in alignment with their axes parallel to (but not necessarily concentric with) the hone arbor.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a device capable of holding the work in the above described manner while permitting it to be moved longitudinally with respect to the hone arbor and also moved in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the hone arbor, so that variations in concentricity of the hone arbor will have no deleteriious efiect onthe accuracy of the operation.

It is a further object of the invention to produce a device of the above described character and having the further advantage of a quickly adjustable and detachable manual locking device for holding the work in alignment with the hone arbor during the honing operation. I

other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following specification and the accompanying drawings, referring to which:

Fig. l is a perspective of a honing machine having my invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the essential parts of the device shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the work holder.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the work holder shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a detail view showing the work centering and gripping device.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the device shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. '7 is a detail view showing the jaw of the work holder.

Fig. 8 is a detail view showing parts of the structure shown in Fig. 5 in position to grip a bushing.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the detail shown in Fig. 8 taken along the section line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic end view of a typical hone arbor, hone, and wear plate.

The reference numeral I indicates the main frame of a honing machine of any desired type, such for instance as that shown in my Patent No. 2,387,588, issued June 5, 1945. The machine has a motor driven spindle 2 to which the hone arbor 3 is attached. The hone arbor and hone 4 are preferably of the type shown in the above noted patent, or in either of my Patents Nos. 2,376,850 or 2,376,851, issued May 22, 1945. The means for adjusting the expansion of the hone forms no part of the present invention and is not shown in detail here except for the adjusting wheel 5, but further details of construction may be obtained from the above patents if desired.

Machines of the general type shown are well known and universal in that they can be used for substantially all kinds of honing operations. The arbors are adjustable through substantial ranges, and are available in sizes from a quarter of an inch or less up to several inches in diameter. I

For present purposes, it will be sufficient to note that the hone 4 is expansible, and that the guide surface or wear plate 6 is usually fixed with respect to the center of the hone arbor 3. Therefore, the surfaces of the members 4 and 6 which contact the inside of the hole which is being finished cannot be expected to operate in the same 3 circular arcs, and the work must necessarily gyrate.

The mechanism now described is to facilitate the holding of the work in alignment during operation and embodies the use of a yoke mounted on a rotatable stub shaft 9 having an axis fixed parallel with respect to the hone axis. The stub shaft is supported by a bracket l having intermediate lateral extension secured by bolts or other fastening I2 to the machine frame I, it being understood that the fastenings l2 permit the removal and alignment of the bracket as is usual in the use of such structures. The upper portion of the bracket is formed with the hori-' zontal arm i5 which overlies the machine frame and at the extremity of the arm i5 a collar H5 is provided to accommodate the bearing assemblies i1 and IS in which is mounted the forwardly extending stub shaft 9, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the axis of the hone arbor 3. The construction of the collar l6 provides for a relatively large bearing assembly l8 adjacent the free end portion of the stub shaft 9, and the latter is positioned and secured for rotation in its bearings by the lock nut assembly 26 threaded onto the reduced extremity 2| of the stub shaft.

The stub shaft 9 supports a yoke H), the latter including the cylindrical base portion 22, bored for snug, slidable mounting on the stub shaft 9, and the diverging arms 23 and 24. The yoke may be locked in any desired position alon the shaft 9 by the lock screw 49. The extremities 25 and 26 of the arms 23 and 24 extend parallel, and are formed with aligned openings for receiving hardened bushings 35, the use of which is to support a guide shaft 36, this shaft being of such dimension with respect to the bearings as to permit its axial and rotary movement, but preventing any lateral play or axial misalignment.

Suitably clamped to the guide shaft 36 intermediate the bearings 35 is the face plate 21 (Figs. 3 and 4), formed with a suitable central bore 28 and radial slots 29, the latter being provided with longitudinal recesses 3'! for sliding movement of the bolts which extend through the positioning plates 30, only one of which is shown in Fig. 3, and through the recesses 37 whereby the plates 30 may be readily adjusted and rigidly secured in adjusted position with respect to. the axis of the face plate and its central opening 28.

The guide plates 30, in addition to being perforated for the reception of the adjusting bolts are reduced in thickness at each end as defined by the shoulders 3|, this reduction in thickness being at least equivalent to the depth of the radial slots 29, whereby the faces 32 of the guide plates, whenthe latter are clamped in their respective slots, are substantially flush with the outer face of the face plate.

Depending from the bottom edge of the face plate 2'! is the supporting extension or link 33 V which at its bottom portion isrelatively thicker ,than the face plate and split longitudinally as'at to provide a pair of spring jaws 46 and 4! which function to adjust the diameter of the elongated cylindrical bore 34, formed to extend longitudinally of the extension 33 at the inner end of the slot 45. The slot 45 defining the jaws 46 and 4'! is necessarily of such a width as'to permit the contraction of the bore 34 to such .an extent as .to firmly grip the slide shaft 36 on which it is mounted.

In assembly, the sliding guide shaft 36 extends through the bore 34 of the face plate extension or link 33, and by tighteningthe nuts '43 on the studs 38, the face plate is locked in position on the sliding and swinging guide shaft 36. Handle bars 39 are arranged in horizontal alignment and threaded into each side of the face plate 21, jam nuts 40 being used to lock the handles against displacement.

In order that the guide shaft 36 may be limited in axial movement in its bearing supports 35, adjustable stop blocks 4| are arranged on the shaft at each side of the face plate mounting. These stop blocks 4| are formed with a bore to insure snug sliding engagement with the shaft 36 and are drilled to receive set screws of any suitable design as at 42 to lock the same in adjusted position.

Cooperating with the face plate assembly is a hand clamping device shown in detail in Figures 5 and 6 which centers against the outer end of the work-piece and provides a clamping action for holding the work against rotation while moving'it longitudinally of the hone arbor as the operator desires. The clamping device embodies a pair of parallel guide rods 50 suitably spaced at one end by the fixed jaw 5| and at the opposite end by the transverse bar 52. The fixed jaw {5| and the brace bar 52 are formed with axially aligned openings to receive the reduced end portions 53 of the rods 50, the extremities5'4 of which are swaged against the parts to complete a rigid, rectangular guide frame.

A sliding jaw 54 of the same form, as the fixed jaw 5|. is slidably arranged on the guide bars, each end of the jaw 54 being formed with a bore of such diameter as to provide a loose sliding fit, the clearance being ample to facilitate sufficient movement to enable the movable jaw to have proper seating engagementwith the face of the work. This clearance is indicated at 5'! and spe cific dimensions may vary according .to the nature of the work involved.

Each of the jaws 5| and 54am formed with outwardly diverging gripping faces 55 which will normally tend to center against any work piece confined therebetween, the diverging faces 5.5 being spaced by medial flat portions 56 which define the depth of the jaw structures. The working faces of the jaw faces 55 and .56. are beveled to receive and frictionally grip the'end corner of the work piece 58.

The hand clamping deviceis formed withhand gripping pieces which extend outwardly; from the medial portion of each jaw 5| and 54. The hand piece 60 extends. outwardly from thefixed jaw 5| and is shown as formed of bar material of rectangular cross section. The hand piece 6| extends outwardly from, the movable jaw 54 through a slot 62 in the frame cross-member 52,, the slot 62 being of greater dimension than the hand piece 6| to permit freedom of movement of the loose jaw 54.- in accordance with .the clearances provided between .the jaw 54, and the guide rods 50. Adjustable stop 63 is slidably carried by the hand, piece 6|.- and maybe secured at any point on the hand, piecebythe set screw 64. as best shown in Figure 6. Thisstop will'limitrthe outer adjustment of the slidable .jaw 54 imits frame but due to the arcuatetfaces. 63a which abut against the cross piece 52' will permit the desired, freedom of. movement of the jaw-.54when the latter isgripping-a work piece.

Mounted on one of the arms. 350i theiface plate 21- is sliding block 65 which maybe'adjusted to any desired position along the length ofxthe arm and secured by a set screw orotherwise. A depending hook. is carried bythe eblock 65,. the

hook including a shank portion 66 which is adjustably secured in a bore formed in the block 65 by a set screw 61 and the downwardy extending hook portion 68 which is'adapted to engage the hook 68 so that the angular faces 55 and 56 will center themselves with respect to the work piece frictionally gripping at its corner so that the operator can hold it against rotation by placing one hand over the handle 6! and hook 68,

while the handle 60 is forced inwardly against the work. The hone 4 is then expanded to cutting position by means of the hand wheel 5 or otherwise as indicated in my Patent No. 2,387,588. The work is not necessarily gripped by the jaws 30 except to the extent of the friction against the surfaces 32. Since the hone 4 cannot be expected to always run true in the same are with the wear surface 5, the resulting gyrations of the Work piece merely results in rocking the yoke I9 on the bearings I! and 18. The operator reciprocates the work while holding it against rotation with the hand clamp until the work is finished to the desire sized. The work is rigidly held in axial alignment by its firm contact with the surfaces 32 throughout the operation, the shaft being rigidly guided in parallelism to the hone arbor while the operator reciprocates the work during the honing. It will be understood that the slots 29 and the surfaces 32 are accurately machined to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the arbor.

I claim:

1. In a honing machine including a frame, a main driven spindle mounted in the frame and a hone arbor driven by said spindle, a stub shaft rotatably mounted in a bearing carried by the frame, said stub shaft having its axis parallel to the axis of said main spindle, a swinging supporting structure carried by the stub shaft and mounted thereon for swinging movement, spaced aligned bearings carried by said swinging structure, a shaft slidably and rotatably supported in said bearings and arranged parallel to the axis of the main spindle, a work supporting face plate supported by and movable with said sliding shaft, said face plate having a central bore for passage of said hone arbor, radially extending adjustable guide plates adjustably mounted on said face plate, said guide plates having angularly related face portions engaging and positioning one end of a work piece with respect to said bore, a clamp member normally held in general alignment with the face plate bore to removably secure the opposite end of the work piece against said face portions, and means carried by the face plate securing said clamp member against rotation in one direction.

2. A honing machine comprising a frame, a main driven spindle mounted in the frame, a hone arbor driven by said spindle, a shaft supported by said frame and arranged with its axis parallel to the axis of said spindle, a yoke mounted for swinging movement on said shaft, aligned bearings carried by the end portions of the yoke arms, a shaft mounted in said bearings for sliding and rotary movement, and a work supporting face plate fixed to said last named shaft and movable therewith, said face plate being formed with an opening through which said hone arbor passes during its sliding movement with said shaft, means clamping work against said face plate for operative association with said hone arbor, and adjustable means securing said clamping means to said face plate to prevent relative movement therebetween.

3. In a honing machine the combination of a frame, a main driven spindle supported by the frame, a hone arbor driven by said main spindle, and a work support, said work support including a stub shaft rotatably mounted on the frame and arranged with its axis parallel to the axis of said main spindle, a yoke rigidly secured at its base to said rotatable stub shaft, aligned bearings supported by the end portions of said yoke arms, a longitudinally slidable shaft arranged in said bearings, a face plate for supporting one end of a work piece, said face plate beingformed with an opening for the passage of the honing arbor and including a depending portion including clamping jaws clamped to said sliding shaft, arms extending laterally from the face plate, a clamp for supporting the other end of the work piece, and means on one of said arms engaging said clamp for preventing rotation of said clamp in one direction.

4. In a honing machine in combination a frame, a main driven spindle supported by the frame, a hone arbor driven by said main spindle, and a work support, said work support including a rotatably mounted stub shaft supported by the frame and arranged with its axis parallel to the axis of said main spindle, a yoke rig-idly secured at its base to said rotatable stub shaft, aligned bearings supported by the end portions of said yoke arms, a shaft arranged in said bearings for longitudinal axial movement, a face plate for supporting work, said face plate being formed with an extension including a pair of clamping jaws secured about said sliding shaft, and stop means adjustably mounted on said shaft for engaging said end portions of said yoke arms and limiting its movement in its bearings in both directions.

5. In a honing machine, in combination, a frame, a main driven spindle supported by the frame and a hone arbor driven by said main spindle, a work support having a surface in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the main spindle, and means for positioning said work support for movement about its axis and in the plane of its axis including a rotatable stub shaft mounted in said frame with its axis parallel to the axis of said spindle, said means further including a yoke having a hub portion fixed to said stub shaft and its arms diverging therefrom, the end portions of said arms being formed with aligned openings, the axis of said aligned openings being in a substantially vertical plane including the axis of said spindle and said hone arbor, a shaft mounted in said openings for axial and rotary movement an element securing said shaft with said Work support, whereby the work support is movable with said shaft, and spaced stop means fixed to said last named shaft to limit the movement of said work support in both directions by engagement with the end portions of said arms.

6. In a honing machine including a frame, a main spindle carried by the frame, and a hone arbor driven by the spindle, a stub shaft rotatably mounted in a bearing carried by the frame,

said stub shaft having its axis parallel to the axis of said main spindle, a yoke member mounted on said stub shaft and having its arms radiating from the stub shaft and terminating in spaced aligned bearings, a slidably mounted shaft positioned in said spaced aligned bearings, a work supporting face plate formed with a central opention, an arm radiating from said face plate, a

clamp for engaging one end of the Work piece, an arm radiating from said clamp, and a hook member ,carried by one arm and engaging the other arm to secure said arms against relative rotation in one direction.

JOSEPH SUNNEN.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Number Name Date Mateer Oct. 22, 1872 Oliver Oct. 31, 1876 Ross July 16, 1912 Drake June 3, 1930 Patterson July 5, 1932 Koss Sept. 26, 1933 McClymont Apr. 17, 1934 Wilson Sept. 14, 1937 Evans Oct. 15, 1940 Walker, Dec. 23, 1941 Hager Sept. 28, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Mar. 3, 1903 Germany Apr. 1, 1908

Images