US2646112A - Gas burner having partitioned outlet ports - Google Patents

Description

July 21, 1953 A. H. BRoDBEcK GAS BURNER HAVING PARTITIONED OUTLET PORTS Filed oct. 1, 1948 plete Vcombustion results.

Patented July 21, v1953 GAS BURNER HAVING PARTITIONED v OUTLET PORTS l v lmer H. Brodbeck, St. Louis, `Mo., assignor to Magic ChefJnc., a corporation of New Jersey Application October 1, 1948, Serial No. 52,177 5 claims. (o1. 15s-116) l l r This invention relatesv to' a gas burner. embodyingimprovements and novel features of construction whereby the following purposes and advantages aswell as others, which will be understood by those skilled in the art, are attained.-

First, the burning of a large amount of fuel with complete combustion ina circular burner of'small diameter.

Secondly, a burner port arrangement and construction in which the flame Will carry around the burner from one port or group of ports to the other when Vthe'burner is'ignited at a single point, 1

Thirdlya burner port arrangement and construction which will accomplish the immediately Ypreceding purpose and in which flashback'of the flame lwill not occur when a fast-burning gas is being burned. r f

Fourthly,the attainment of an excellent heat distribution from the yperipheral ports Aof the burner Whenusedin conjunctionwith central ports. y

Advantages and benefits not specifically enumerated above are obtained as Awill be clear from thel followingdescription and obvious to those skilled in the art. 1

The production of a gas burner which will accomplish the listed purposes requires the embodiment of the inventive-concept constituting the present invention. The production ofA such a burner hasV long been sought but to my knowledge has not been accomplished. -The accomplishment necessitates the solution of Vdifficult problems as will be understood by those skilled in the art and as will be hereinafter pointed out. Theyburner must operate with completeness of is necessary to have large port area to consume the maximum amount of gas to obtain maximum heating. As mentioned, ports which are spaced too far apart cause a failure of ignition between adjacent ports. Thegreatest flexibility through a wide range of thesmallest to the largest fuel inputs is obtained, in a circular or ring gas burner, where the physical dimension, that is the diameter, is reduced to the greatest possible degree. In small diameter burners however it has been difficult to obtain the port area required to consume the maximum amount of gas because of the closeness of the ports which leaves insufficient space between the ports to properly aerate the flame to obtain complete combuscombustion tobe acceptable. Theburner must be operable with many different kinds of gases which are used in different sections of the country. A

y definite gas input to a-burner requires a denite amount of air for good combustion. The port area of a burner is amajor determining factor in the amount of primary air which is delivered to the burner head along with thevfuel but as the present type of-domestic burners do not ln-v ject suiiicient primary Vair for complete combustion provision for a supply of suiiicient secondary air is necessary.' The secondary air supply re' quirement has called for a spacing of thel burner ports so that fresh secondary-air can mix withl orbe delivered to the flames issuing from or burning'at the burner ports. If the port spacing'places the portstoo yclose together there is insufficient supply of secondary air and incom- However, if the ports '4 tion.

To accomplish the enumerated results and at the same time solve the problems incident to the production of an emcient and properly operating burner I have provided a burner having a burner ring providedv with a plurality of main burner ports of comparatively large size which ports are in spaced relationship around the burner and are subdivided so that they are not subject to the flashback of flame as is commonly the case with ports of large area. Intermediate the main large subdivided ports I have positioned intermediate ports of a size sufiiciently large to operate satisfactorily in carrying the flame from one large subdivided port to an adjacent like port yet small enough to permit a sufcient flow of fresh secondary air to the burner ring between the llame stools of the main large subdivided ports to result in complete combustion.

v Ports in a burner which are large enough to add up to the desired port area are too great in size to burn fast burning gas without the name flashing back but this flashback is prevented at the large main ports of my burner because the subdivision of these ports create of each large port a group of small ports each of which is sumciently small in size as to prevent flashback. The subdivision of these large ports is made in a manner Vso that the group of ports created by the subdivision burns as a single llame stool. The large ports are subdivided into a multiple of substanhaving a total port area suicient to burn the f maximum amount of gas such a burner would have too large a burner head diameter.

This

would be because sufficient wall thickness must be allowed between individual portsto prevent 'A the drilled holes from running into each other. The same situation exists in respect to -a cast burner ring or cap. Here again, manufacture requires that sufficient thickness of metal be allowed between ports as to result in a burner ring or cap having too large a diameter. With my sub-l divided large ports a large amount of port area can be obtained in a burnerhaving a ring, cap, or head of small diameter.

In the accompanying drawings a burner construction embodying the inventive concept is illustrated but the invention is not to be limited to these specific arrangements as departures therefrom can be made without departing from the inventive concept.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective View of a modified form of burner, the parts thereof being in unassembled relationship.

Fig. 2 is a View inside elevation of the burner of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional View of the burner of Fig. 2.

In its broadest aspects the burner appearing in the accompanying drawing is of the type disclosed in United States Letters Patent 1,714,409, dated May 21, 1929, and issued'to A. Stockstrom et al. This similarity resides in the fact that the burner has a bowl or chamber to which a mixture of air and gas isinjeoted and from which it flows to the burner ring or head which closes the open upper end of the bowl and is provided with ports through which this gas escapes and burns in a plurality of burner stools exteriorly of and about the head. Specifically the burner differs however rom the patent `as will be clear from the following detailed description.

The burner bowl or chamber Gfl has an upper inturned edge or end 2B the upper face of which is bevelled as at 2|. There is a mixing tube or manifold R. with an inlet passageway 2 provided with an air control shutter 3. The bottom 5 of the bowl is provided with a threaded opening 6.

The burner head, designated as an entirety by I-I, comprises a cap J which is made of sheet metal. This cap in plan view is circular in configuration and is provided centrally with an opening the wall 22 of which is bent downwardly and outwardly to provide a curved surface. At its lower end the wall 22 is formed into a circular collar 23 having a lower open end. A hollow open-ended tube K has its upper end telescopically received by the 'collar and suitably secured therein, as by welding, and has its lower end provided externally with threads so that the tube has threaded engagement with the opening E of the burner bowl as yat 24.

ference is depressed as at 25 to form a plurality of longitudinally extending passageways 26 between itself and the collar 23. The lower ends of these passageways communicate with the burner bowl while the open upper ends 2'1 constitute inner burner ports for the burner head.

A burner ring L is secured to the underside of the burner cap in any suitable manner, such as by welding, and has an outer vertically disposed wall 28 and an inclined or tapered bottom wall 29. The top of the ring at spaced points completely about its circumference is cut out to pro- Y vide-a plurality 'of large area main burner ports 30. Each of the main large burner ports is subdivided Vinto -multiple ports by a port divider D.

This divider is'preferably made of stainless steel and mader'from -a material which is extremely thin. Each divider is of a length similar to the length of a main port and of a height similar to the height of a main port. Specifically each divider is substantially U-shaped and comprises substantially parallel side walls I3 and I4 with the side walls terminating in rearwardly or return bend ends I5. The ends I5 of the dividers are 'in slight compression when inserted into a burner port and by reference to the drawings it will be seen that a divider subdivides each main burner port into three passageways or ports which hereinafter are on occasion referred to as a group of ports.

The secondary or intermediate burner ports, one of which is disposed between each of the subdivided main burner ports, is in the form of a channelway 3l formed in the tapered bottom 29 of the ring. The inner ends of these ports are in communication vwith the burner bowl while the outer ends of the ports communicate with the atmosphere exterior of the Aburner head. When the burner head is in place and the tapered bottom of the ring is in engagement with the Ytapered top 2I of the bowl it will be seen that the bottoms of the intermediate ports are on a lower level than the bottoms of the main large yarea subdivided 'burner ports. It is to be noted however that no advantage has been found in having the intermediate ports Yon a diierent level rather than on the same level with the main burner ports.

'When a lighter system is to be used in conjunction with the burner the burner bowl is provided in its side Wall with a lighter port F which is composed of a plurality of grouped burner ports which receive vfuel from the bowl. The lighter ports are disposed in ignition relationship with one or more of the burner ports of the burner head to cause ignition thereof when the lighter port is ignited by the lighter system. Upon lone ormore of the burner head ports being ignited the flame will travel from port to port around the head to cause complete ignition of the burner.

The use of a lighter port consisting of a plurality of small closely grouped ports has been found to be advantageous'and to constitute an improvement. Where, as in the past. a lighter port consisting of a single orice is utilized orices of different sizes are required for the various gases used throughout the country, as for instance, a large port for natural gases; an intermediate sized port for mixed gases; and a small sized port for manufactured gases. The group type of lighter port of the present burner supplies sufficient fuel for slow burning gases such as natural gases, yet are individually small enough to prevent ashback of fast burning gases or secondary burner ports large enough yet small enough to function properly, These`ports are large enough if they supply suflicient gas to burn a flame which will ignite the fuel issuing from the adjacent main burner ports and to remain burning at a very W turn-down of gas supply by the burner gas ow lcontrol valve. These ports are small enough when they are of such a size as not to interfere with adequate and complete secondary aeration of the adjacent'main burner ports and to not flashback when, the burner is operating on fast burning gases.

The assembly of the burner is extremely simple and is accomplished merely by bringing about threaded engagement between the lower end of the tube K and the threaded opening 5 inthe bottom of the burner fuel bowl. The burner head is rotated until the bottom wall 29 of the burner ring L thereof is brought into engagement with the inturned upper edge of the bowl.

The burner described accomplishes the enumerated advantages. The burner head is cornparatvely small as to diameter and yet there is sufcient port area to consume the maximum amount of gas to obtain excellent and eicient heating. There is complete secondary aeration of the flame stools at all of the burner ports with a consequent completeness of combustion. The novel arrangement of'subdividing a too `large main burner port into a plurality of proper size burner ports provides a large amount of port area with a burner head or ring of comparatively small diameter. The ignition of one burner port will carry around the burner ring from port to port and thus assure easy and proper ignition. The burner is comparatively simple of Aconstruction and therefore can be manufactured at a most reasonable cost. The burner head can be quickly removed from and replaced on a burner which facilitates cleaning the `burners and also makes it possible to quickly substitute a burner head if for any reason the onerin use requires replacement.`

What I claim is:

1. An improved circular gas burnerof small diameter but having a large aggregate burner port area, said burner comprising a circular fuel mixture receiving chamber having an open upper end, a circular burner head, said head comprising a metallic cap carrying on its bottom a cast ring having a plurality of radially extending spaced apart channelways, the inner ends of said channelways communicating with the fuel mixture chamber and the outer ends of the channelways communicating with the atmosphere exterior of the chamber, alternate of said channelways being of large area and having open tops closed by the burner cap, the intermediate channelways being in the bottom of the ring and having open bottoms closedby the upper end of the side Wall of the fuel mixture chamber, and means in the large area channelways subdividing each of them into a plurality of side by side small channelways, and all of the aforementioned channelways constituting the burner ports of the burner.

2. A construction as dened in claim 1 wherein, the means for subdividing the large area channelWays comprises an element formed from lan extremely thin' piece of material, whereby the group of channelways formed in each large channelway are in close proximity to one another.

3. A construction as dened in claim 1 wherein, the means yfor subdividing the large area channelways comprises a U-shaped metallic element formed from an extremely thin piece of metal, and said element extending substantially throughout the height and depth of the channelways and dividing each of them into a group of channelways.

4. A construction as defined in claim 1 Where- Kin, the bottoms of the large area channelways and the bottoms of the intermediate and small area channelways are on a dilerentplane.

5. A construction as dened in claim l wherein, the intermediate and small area channelways are inclined upwardly and outwardly in respect to the fuel mixture chamber.

ALMER I-I. BRODBECK.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 698,519 Kent Apr. 29, 1902 791,923 -Machlet June 6, 1905 1,388,604 Richter Aug. 23, 1921 1,486,668 Kielberg Mar. 11, 1924 1,964,575 Hones June 26, 1934 2,107,575 Matthews et al Feb. 8, 1938 2,372,573 Harper Mar. 27, 1945 2,385,413 Harper Sept. 25, 1945 2,386,113 II-Iarper et al. Oct. 2, 1945 2,428,274 Flynn et al Sept. 30, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 664,022 France Apr. 16, 1929 368,501 Great Britain Mar. 19, 1932 766,815 France Apr. 23, 1934

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