US2577194A - Heat exchanger framing for metal boats - Google Patents
Heat exchanger framing for metal boats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2577194A US2577194A US739982A US73998247A US2577194A US 2577194 A US2577194 A US 2577194A US 739982 A US739982 A US 739982A US 73998247 A US73998247 A US 73998247A US 2577194 A US2577194 A US 2577194A
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- Prior art keywords
- tubular
- framing
- members
- heat exchanger
- boat
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/0206—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
- F28D1/022—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid for immersion in a natural body of water, e.g. marine radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
- F01P3/207—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine liquid-to-liquid heat-exchanging relative to marine vessels
Definitions
- My present invention relates to the general'alft ofjheat exchangers, and, more particularly, to a heat exchanger framing ior metal boats.
- the principal object of my invention is to provide, in a fabricatedmetal boat. a plurality of tubular members running lengthwise of the boat, and which take the place of and provide the strength formerly assured by the use of a keel, stringers, bilge heels, and the like, and to further use these same tubular'mem bers as a heat exchanger. so that a neutral fresh water may be used as a coolant for the internal combustion engines.
- a further object of my present. invention is to provide, longitudinally disposed tubular members within the structural framework of the metal boat which are inv intimate contact with the waters, through which the boat sails and which, by this contact, make, it possible to efii'r ciently cool engine coolants which are passed through the tubular members in a. closed circuit arrangement.
- A. further object of my present invention is toprovide a plurality of longitudinal, tubular, structural members as part of a ships framing, so disposed that one or more of these, tubular members may be used as heat exchangers and thus provide a. degree of. cooling. for they engine coolant that can. be adjusted. easily to. the tern;- peratures desired. and the temperatures, of the water in whichthe ship is sailing.
- Fig. l is avertical, longitudinal viewthrough a. metal ship, partlyin section, incorporating the features offmypresent inventions
- Fig. 2 is atypical cross-sectional view-- through the ship of"
- Fig. 3 is a typical cross-sectional view showing in fragmentary-perspective a typical use of my longitudinal tubular frame members;
- Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View showing the general arrangement of my tubularf-rame" members and the; valve means which permits selection of suflieient cooling area to meet operating conditions:
- the numeral designates my main structural member. This normally is a tube of appreciable diameter, and provides the upright portion 12 which forms the stem or outwater of the boat, as well as a structural member, and the horizontal member l4, which serves as a keel for the boat in addition to tying together the various structural members.
- the reserve or supply tank 20 for the coolant should have sufficient upward extent so that it will be the high point in the cooling water system, so that it may be vented to atmosphere and will at all times insure thatthe cooling circuit will be entirely filled and free from air pockets.
- a deck fill pipe for tank 29 as at 24.
- This filling pipe should be of considerable diameter so that of itself it will augment the storage capacity or reserve supply of coolant and provide an easy means of determining when any appreciable amount of coolant has been dissipated through loss or otherwise. It also provides, following hydrostatic principles, the required head on the system even though it may be of relatively small diameter.
- the hull plating sections as 34 and 36 are butt welded to the tubular frame member as 38 which might be any of the longitudinal members shown in Fig. 2.
- the steel tubing which I prefer to use and which should be generally of the character of steel boiler tubing as far as composition of metal is concerned. is capable of considerable distortion in cross-section. It may be elongated if placed under tension, or itmay be flattened if placed under compression, and may be subjected to the two extremes many times without any detrimental effects to the framing.
- each tube has half of its periphery exposed to the cooling water, as shown in Fig. 3, and in addition the fact that the shell plating is butt welded to the tube greatly augments the cooling effect upon the engine coolant circulating through the tubing.
- valves as 40, 4
- the coolant being circulated by pump 52 may have a short path, or the length of the flow may be increased by cutting in more frame tubes until adequate cooling is achieved.
- the use of frame tubing because of the large diameter, offers little resistance to the flow of the coolant, in contrast to the tortuous path provided in most heat-exchanger units.
- a heat exchanger framing for welded metal boats comprising: a tubular keel member, a plurality of longitudinal tubular frame members disposed substantially equidistant from said keel member, shell plating disposed between said frame members and welded to diametrically opposite portions of each frame member to expose substantially half of the surface of each frame member as the outer skin of the boat, tubular connectors disposed between said tubular members and interconnected with said tubular members, and valve means disposed in said tubular members and connectors to provide liquid passageways of various lengths.
- Longitudinal framing for welded metal boats adapted to form a heat exchange for propulsion engine coolants, consisting of: a tubular keel member, a plurality of longitudinal tubular frame members disposed substantially equidistant from said keel member, shell plating disposed between said tubular members with the longitudinal edges of said shell plating welded to substantially diametrically opposite portions of each tubular member, whereby said keel member and said frame members are positioned to expose substantially half of their surface as the outer skin of the boat, tubular connectors disposed between said tubular keel and frame members and interconnected with said tubular keel and said frame members, and valves positioned in said tubular members and connectors to control fiow of liquid in said tubular members and connectors to provide liquid passageways of various lengths.
- Longitudinal framing for welded metal boats adapted to form a heat exchange for propulsion engine coolants, comprising: a tubular keel and stem member; a plurality of longitudinal tubular frame members disposed on each side of said keel member having their forward ends connected to the stem portion of said tubular keel and stem member; tubular connectors disposed between said tubular members and interconnected with said tubular members; shell plating positioned between said tubular members having the longitudinal edges of said shell plating butt-welded to opposite sides of said tubular members, whereby substantially half of the surface of said tubular members is exposed as the outer skin of the boat; and valves positioned at various junctures of tubular members and connectors, providing means of varying the length of tubular members and connectors.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
Dec. 4, 1951 N. c. JANNSEN HEAT EXCHANGER FRAMING FOR METAL BOATS 2 SHEETS-SHEET l Filed April '7, 1947 NEWMAN C'. JANNSEN INVENTOR.
ATTORNEYS Dec. 4, 195
N. C. JANNSEN HEAT EXCHANGER FRAMING FOR METAL BOATS Filed April 7, 1947 FIG 4 2 SHEETSSHEET 2 INVENTOR.
ATTORNEYS NEWMAN c. JANNSEN Patented Dec. 4, 1951 OFFICE ExonANGER ,FRAMINGFOR MET OA S.
NewmanwG; Jannsen,..S eattle-, Wash.
Application .Aprili, 1947, Serial No. 739,982
My present invention relates to the general'alft ofjheat exchangers, and, more particularly, to a heat exchanger framing ior metal boats.
During the. period recently past, the; greatly amplified boat, buildin pro ram, incidental to the recent. war advanced the technique of welding boats to such an extent that it is now, for thefirst.timelpra ical. o. build. t e sma lel; ap ofi n boats of m al- F rm rly. t was, 01 .1 sider d ood pr tic t w ld the im na an platin of .seagoing ships, but. thev building of small. craft presented so many problems in shrinkage and distortion of the. various welded members, that it; did not appear practical to employ such construction in boatsof even 100 ft. in overall length, and especially, in the smaller sizes.
Due, however, to the great strides: made. in perfecting Welding technique and further; by adoption. particularly of the" tubular; framing members as, is illustrated in ..my copending, allplication Serial No. 480,891,whichmatured. into United States .Ratent No, 2,i19,.218, it is now entirely. practical to. build, the. smaller. types. or fish n c a w boatsiendsma l car iers of frei htnd. assengers and; even. t e smaller types Qi pl asu afhbq hail and. qwered;
T e. adoption o ar. fr m ame ibe s ac only has greatly simplified the shrinkage prob,- lems-and the attendant distortion of the; plate and structural-members, but hasprovid'eda very economical and" fool-proof nranner 'oi providing a heat exchanger so that thecol d waters'in-which the" boat is travelling can beusedto dissipate the heat generated in the cooling water of the inter-nai combustion engines used to propel" such boats:
In the older craft used for fishingandin small boat constructions where wood" wasthefavorite building material, it-was customary to use what was commonly known as a heavy duty type-of engines. These were" large masses ofcast iron; which due to their bulk and: the-thick wallsof the engine cylinders; heads and otherparts re;-
quiringcooling, could accept the seaywateuas a cooling medium. However; the commercial trade has become conscious of-the savings to be made in employing highspeed engines in such craft: and" as these place quite a premium on weight and are normally made, horse power-- for horse power,;to weigh but afraction' of the totalwei'gl i t ofthe heav-y -dutytypesformerly-* used; it has been found most desirable to employajneutral water' coolant so thatthe, thin walls and smalhpassageways will not beobstructedi nor will corrosion and rusting and possible electrolytic action tend to eat out the relatively-thin walls of those portions of the engine that require cooling It is to provide a solution of theneeds brought about by thesev revolutionary changes in small boat construction that'I have provided my novel framing and heat exchanger.
The principal object of my invention, there fore, is to provide, in a fabricatedmetal boat. a plurality of tubular members running lengthwise of the boat, and which take the place of and provide the strength formerly assured by the use of a keel, stringers, bilge heels, and the like, and to further use these same tubular'mem bers as a heat exchanger. so that a neutral fresh water may be used as a coolant for the internal combustion engines.
A further object of my present. invention is to provide, longitudinally disposed tubular members within the structural framework of the metal boat which are inv intimate contact with the waters, through which the boat sails and which, by this contact, make, it possible to efii'r ciently cool engine coolants which are passed through the tubular members in a. closed circuit arrangement.
A. further object of my present invention is toprovide a plurality of longitudinal, tubular, structural members as part of a ships framing, so disposed that one or more of these, tubular members may be used as heat exchangers and thus provide a. degree of. cooling. for they engine coolant that can. be adjusted. easily to. the tern;- peratures desired. and the temperatures, of the water in whichthe ship is sailing.
Further objects, advantages and capabilities will be apparent from the description and dis.- closure in; the drawings or may be comprehended or are inherentin the device.
In the drawings:
Fig... l: is avertical, longitudinal viewthrough a. metal ship, partlyin section, incorporating the features offmypresent inventions Fig. 2 is atypical cross-sectional view-- through the ship of" Figi 1 Fig. 3 isa typical cross-sectional view showing in fragmentary-perspective a typical use of my longitudinal tubular frame members;
Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View showing the general arrangement of my tubularf-rame" members and the; valve means which permits selection of suflieient cooling area to meet operating conditions:
Referring more: particularly to thedisclosure in the drawings, the numeral designates my main structural member. This normally is a tube of appreciable diameter, and provides the upright portion 12 which forms the stem or outwater of the boat, as well as a structural member, and the horizontal member l4, which serves as a keel for the boat in addition to tying together the various structural members.
In the illustration in Fig. 1, I have shown the outgoing cooling water pipe 46 as connecting into the stem l2, and have shown a return pipe l8 as tapping into the keel near its rearmost end, and leading from that point into a reservoir 20 and thence from the reservoir through pipe 22 into the intake for the cooling water of the engine. This in effect forms a closed circuit in which any form of coolant may be used for the internal combustion motor M such as fresh water, either in its natural state or neutralized, or it will take the various non-freezing coolants which are so desirable in boats that are used under conditions where they may be laid up or are idle for extended periods in a climate where low temperatures may be expected. The reserve or supply tank 20 for the coolant should have sufficient upward extent so that it will be the high point in the cooling water system, so that it may be vented to atmosphere and will at all times insure thatthe cooling circuit will be entirely filled and free from air pockets. In the illustration, I have shown a deck fill pipe for tank 29 as at 24. This filling pipe should be of considerable diameter so that of itself it will augment the storage capacity or reserve supply of coolant and provide an easy means of determining when any appreciable amount of coolant has been dissipated through loss or otherwise. It also provides, following hydrostatic principles, the required head on the system even though it may be of relatively small diameter.
In the illustration in Fig. 1, I have for the sake of clarity shown only one complete circuit and that of rather large diameter tubing. It is believed that it will be apparent that such an arrangement would be satisfactory only where the cooling needs of the engine are not great and where the water through which the ship is pass in is quite 0001.
There are other conditions encountered, particularly off our southern coast, where the water temperatures may be quite high and the normal airtemperatures, particularly in the tropics, may be so high that, on the one hand, the motor will require considerably more cooling and, on the other hand, the heat exchanging system is not capable of dropping the temperature sufiiciently with the limited surface exposed in the showing of Fig. 1. To overcome this condition, I have provided suitable connections to other longitudinal tubular frame members as 26, 28, 30 and 32, so that additional cooling surfaces are presented to the ship supporting waters and the engineer in charge of the power plant may, by proper manipulation of the valve means, use as many of the tubular members as is required to give him the overall transfer of heat required to satisfy his power plant. This has been found a matter of considerable importance as the ship that is fishing for tuna and other warm water fish may cruise down as far as the equator in quest of the same and, at other seasons of the year, may be used in Alaska and, similarly on the east coast, the same boat may within a years time be used in warm southern or the cold northern waters and it is imperative that adequate provision be made so that the cooling needs of the motor can 4 be satisfied by the exposed framing built into the ship if a heat transfer system following the principles of my invention is going to have practical commercial application.
It will be clear it is believed from a study of Fig. 3 of the drawing that the hull plating sections as 34 and 36 are butt welded to the tubular frame member as 38 which might be any of the longitudinal members shown in Fig. 2. As expansion and contraction occurs, either during the fabrication of the ship or while the same is in use, following principles that are well known, the steel tubing which I prefer to use and which should be generally of the character of steel boiler tubing as far as composition of metal is concerned. is capable of considerable distortion in cross-section. It may be elongated if placed under tension, or itmay be flattened if placed under compression, and may be subjected to the two extremes many times without any detrimental effects to the framing. Such distortion of the tubing will cause some decrease in the carrying capacity or the cross-sectional area of the tubing but, then again, if the distortion should interfere and reduce the heat transfer capacity of the tubing below that required by the power plant, additional tubing can be cut into the service and correct the fault. 1
In Fig. 4, I have illustrated, diagrammatically,
one satisfactory valve and tubing arrangement for the combined use of framing the heat exchange means and for framing a metal boat. It is to be noted that each tube has half of its periphery exposed to the cooling water, as shown in Fig. 3, and in addition the fact that the shell plating is butt welded to the tube greatly augments the cooling effect upon the engine coolant circulating through the tubing.
7 I find it desirable to use a plurality of valves as 40, 4|, 42 and 43, and a number of cross connection tubes as 45, 46, 41, 48 and 49, together with a transom tube frame 56 which joins the various frame members together.
With the valve and connector arrangement noted, many different combinations are possible, so that the coolant being circulated by pump 52 may havea short path, or the length of the flow may be increased by cutting in more frame tubes until adequate cooling is achieved. The use of frame tubing, because of the large diameter, offers little resistance to the flow of the coolant, in contrast to the tortuous path provided in most heat-exchanger units.
It is believed that it will be clearly apparent from the above description and the disclosure in the drawings that the invention comprehends a novel construction of a heat exchanger framing for metal boats.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. A heat exchanger framing for welded metal boats, comprising: a tubular keel member, a plurality of longitudinal tubular frame members disposed substantially equidistant from said keel member, shell plating disposed between said frame members and welded to diametrically opposite portions of each frame member to expose substantially half of the surface of each frame member as the outer skin of the boat, tubular connectors disposed between said tubular members and interconnected with said tubular members, and valve means disposed in said tubular members and connectors to provide liquid passageways of various lengths.
2. Longitudinal framing for welded metal boats, adapted to form a heat exchange for propulsion engine coolants, consisting of: a tubular keel member, a plurality of longitudinal tubular frame members disposed substantially equidistant from said keel member, shell plating disposed between said tubular members with the longitudinal edges of said shell plating welded to substantially diametrically opposite portions of each tubular member, whereby said keel member and said frame members are positioned to expose substantially half of their surface as the outer skin of the boat, tubular connectors disposed between said tubular keel and frame members and interconnected with said tubular keel and said frame members, and valves positioned in said tubular members and connectors to control fiow of liquid in said tubular members and connectors to provide liquid passageways of various lengths.
3. Longitudinal framing for welded metal boats, adapted to form a heat exchange for propulsion engine coolants, comprising: a tubular keel and stem member; a plurality of longitudinal tubular frame members disposed on each side of said keel member having their forward ends connected to the stem portion of said tubular keel and stem member; tubular connectors disposed between said tubular members and interconnected with said tubular members; shell plating positioned between said tubular members having the longitudinal edges of said shell plating butt-welded to opposite sides of said tubular members, whereby substantially half of the surface of said tubular members is exposed as the outer skin of the boat; and valves positioned at various junctures of tubular members and connectors, providing means of varying the length of tubular members and connectors.
NEWMAN C. JANNSEN.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 270,519 Vaughan Jan. 9, 1883 366,662 Harthan July 19, 1887 1,114,498 Macleod Oct. 20, 1914 1,810,097 Wheeler June 16, 1931 2,122,300 Smith June 28, 1938 2,258,526 Walter Oct. 7, 1941 2,382,218 Fernstrum Aug. 14, 1945 2,433,745 Ditchburn Dec. 30, 1947 2,466,525 Wilson Apr. 5, 1949
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US739982A US2577194A (en) | 1947-04-07 | 1947-04-07 | Heat exchanger framing for metal boats |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US739982A US2577194A (en) | 1947-04-07 | 1947-04-07 | Heat exchanger framing for metal boats |
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US2577194A true US2577194A (en) | 1951-12-04 |
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US739982A Expired - Lifetime US2577194A (en) | 1947-04-07 | 1947-04-07 | Heat exchanger framing for metal boats |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2715434A (en) * | 1953-03-23 | 1955-08-16 | Mclaney Mfg Corp | Cushion attachments for stadium and similar seats |
US3812906A (en) * | 1970-10-06 | 1974-05-28 | Contrutions Mecaniques Panhard | Armored vehicles housing a cooled engine |
US8753159B1 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2014-06-17 | Bombardier Recreational Products Inc. | Watercraft hull member |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US270519A (en) * | 1883-01-09 | Self-bailing boat | ||
US366662A (en) * | 1887-07-19 | Machinery for propelling and steering boats | ||
US1114498A (en) * | 1913-11-01 | 1914-10-20 | Malcolm Macleod | Heating ships and the like. |
US1810097A (en) * | 1928-11-28 | 1931-06-16 | Edwin R Wheeler | Welded ship |
US2122300A (en) * | 1936-07-08 | 1938-06-28 | Jr Francis P Smith | Boat and similar vehicle |
US2258526A (en) * | 1940-06-07 | 1941-10-07 | Walter Gustave | Engine cooling system |
US2382218A (en) * | 1943-09-18 | 1945-08-14 | Robert W Fernstrum | Outboard marine heat exchanger |
US2433745A (en) * | 1945-02-09 | 1947-12-30 | Ditchburn Herbert | Boat hull construction |
US2466525A (en) * | 1945-08-08 | 1949-04-05 | Wilson John Harrison | Cooling device for power plants of boats |
-
1947
- 1947-04-07 US US739982A patent/US2577194A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US270519A (en) * | 1883-01-09 | Self-bailing boat | ||
US366662A (en) * | 1887-07-19 | Machinery for propelling and steering boats | ||
US1114498A (en) * | 1913-11-01 | 1914-10-20 | Malcolm Macleod | Heating ships and the like. |
US1810097A (en) * | 1928-11-28 | 1931-06-16 | Edwin R Wheeler | Welded ship |
US2122300A (en) * | 1936-07-08 | 1938-06-28 | Jr Francis P Smith | Boat and similar vehicle |
US2258526A (en) * | 1940-06-07 | 1941-10-07 | Walter Gustave | Engine cooling system |
US2382218A (en) * | 1943-09-18 | 1945-08-14 | Robert W Fernstrum | Outboard marine heat exchanger |
US2433745A (en) * | 1945-02-09 | 1947-12-30 | Ditchburn Herbert | Boat hull construction |
US2466525A (en) * | 1945-08-08 | 1949-04-05 | Wilson John Harrison | Cooling device for power plants of boats |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2715434A (en) * | 1953-03-23 | 1955-08-16 | Mclaney Mfg Corp | Cushion attachments for stadium and similar seats |
US3812906A (en) * | 1970-10-06 | 1974-05-28 | Contrutions Mecaniques Panhard | Armored vehicles housing a cooled engine |
US8753159B1 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2014-06-17 | Bombardier Recreational Products Inc. | Watercraft hull member |
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