US2492478A - Door hinge - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 27, 1949 F. G. HOMAN DOOR HINGE Filed Feb. 6, 1945 Patented Dec. 27, 1949 nooa nner:

Frank G. Human, Sioux Falls, Dali.

Application February 6, 1945, Serial No. 576,403

This invention relates to concealed lau tt hinges, and pertains more particularly to hinges which are adapted to flee fixed between the edge of a door andxthe jamb, and which are so arranged as to be wholly concealed in the door joint when the door is in closed position.

omiriari such hinges :present the problem of arrangement :oi' a pivot structure wholly within the fioint betweenthe door and jamb, which will maths door to-swing open without interferonce: an h th'e" lamb and other structure surrounding the opening. Heretofore hinges have been proposed" comprising two main leaves one each of which is affixed to the door edge and jamh respectively, and a pair of intermediate leaves hinged etogether along :one "pair of edges and to the respective leaves along their other edges. While such hinges permit :the concealment-of the hinge and opening of the door, by reason of the flexible interconnection of the two leaves due to the three pivotal connections between them, they .are not satisfactory. This is :due :to-the :fact that the fienibilit-y' of the hinge, due towthe nresenceof the three pivots, permits relative :motionlof the leaves that is uncontrolled and erratic,sinoe the door may move in various rectilinear directions and swing about any of the pivotal connections.

.10 iisincluded in the mechanism.

A tfurther important object of the invention is to provide hinge/mechanism of the above character is simple in constructiomreadily .installedimioperative zposition, and one that may :1; be readily manuractured and nlaced upon the market at :a reasonable zcost'.

' The'foregdingand otherohjects:andadvantages will ib'emeadilyzaipparent throughout the course of the following description and drawing, in which,

Figure l :a perspective view of a hinge provided with: ithe 'cntmtrolling mechanism forming sthe matter of. "the instant invention,

Figure :2 "is a front elevation of the hinge in "its-closed 55 3- iis a :bottom r al-an view of the hinge The primary important object of this invenso :compriaes a pair of :main leaves l and one .of

.tion is the provision of a novel and efiective mechanism in a'concealed butt hin e, for mic-'- widing a rigidly controlled lateral movement of a pivot-point about which 'the door may swing, to permit the pivot point to be moved out of the door openingssufficiently so that the doormay clear the structure about the door opening as it swings.

,A viurther important object of this invention is to provide a -novel mechanism of the above character that will limit the swinging movement of the door to a substantially arcuate path about the movable pivot p-oint as a center, thereby .producingamovement that closely resembles that of a door swung on a conventional butt hinge with pivot points supported laterally of the door and clear of the :orpen-ing.

' Another important object of this invention is to provide-a mechanism of the above character which includes an assembly of links and levers so connected to the leaves as to convert swinging movement of the door-carrying leaf so as to impart to the inner edge of the leafa lateral movement that will, during swinging of a door .supportedaon the leaf, carry the door to a point will permit it to swing about the edge of the shown in Fig. 1, and

Figure 4 :is 'a plan view of the'lxinge'shown M112;

in detail to the drawing, the :hinge which may be .iaedtoa iamb and the other to theed'ge of a door that is :to be swung from the "lie the inner edge :01 each leaf, I, 2, is pivoted the end of one of :a patriot levers 3, A, as Joyimeansof pins 5 around which the marginal portions :of the :leaves are beat, as at t. The lovers 3 and '4 are :disposed between the leaves and are-pivoted together a pin l. The levers areinrfiaee'toriaee arrangement and are extended iheyond their piyotal connection, forming crossed lovers the portions of lying beyond the {pivot point-arelconnected through links "to intermediate nontions of the leaves opposite to the ones to their inner ends respectively are pivoted, Thus'z'a link :8 is pivoted to the lever 3 and to the leart 12. The end of the lever A is connected-ihy a linkQ to an intermediate portion of leaf I. Y

ii is :of special form, comprising a sec- :tion sl'ilthat is pivoted to the leaf I between the upperandleweredgesioithe latter, and :a section II one end of which is pivotedtorthe end of the section 2120 and which section it is also pivoted iimermed iatei ts ends tothe end of lever *4. lhe sections ll) hi iof'iliiik '9 are "in race to face arrangement and the section I I is in face to face relation with lever 4, which latter is in turn in face to face relation with lever 3, the latter having the same arrangement relative to link 8. Section II is extended beyond the lever 4 and at its free extremity the section is bifurcated so as to form a fork I2 which defines a slot I3. The inner edge of section It carries an upstanding flange I arranged along the over-lap between the sections I0 and II, which flange forms a stop to limit relative swinging movement of the two sections and causes them to act as a single rigid arm following contact between the edge of section II and the face of the flange, when contact therebetween occurs during swinging movement of the leaves away from each other. The link 9 is normally urged outwardly away from the leaf I by a spring 9 and in addition is effectively a toggle arm that is pivoted to an intermediate portion of the leaf I. Lever 3, pivoted to the edge of leaf I, which is also the leaf to which the toggle link 8 is pivoted, carries at its distal end a projecting pin I which depends at right-angles thereto, and which is arranged to cooperate with the bifurcated end I2 of section II by entering the slot I3 and bearing against one or the other of the walls defining its sides, depending on the direction of swinging of the leaves, to thereby swing section II! so as to bring the two sections to linear arrangement during opening movement of the leaves, and to break the toggle joint during their closing movement.

The various elements of the link and lever system are so arranged upon their various pivots, and the latter are so arranged relative to each other, that the elements lie in parallel relation when the leaves are closed. With the hinge disposed in a vertical closed position, the elements form a vertical stack, the sides of which are arranged along planes that are parallel to each other and to the inner faces of the leaves. It is one feature of this mechanism that the leaves are brought into parallel relation when the hinge is closed, insuring proper registration of the door with the opening within which it is swung by the hinge.

In operation, and assuming the hinge assembly to be in closed position, Figure 2, with the hinge leaf I secured to a door jamb (not shown) and with the hinge leaf 2 secured to a door (not shown), initial outward swinging of the leaf 2 about its associated adjacent pivot 5, will cause the leaf 2 and connected door to tend to move bodily outwardly of the door frame while at the same time to swing in an are about the said associated and immediately adjacent pivot 5 until the leaf 2 and attached door has reached the open position of the parts, as shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, and in which latter posifrom the wall defining slot or notch I3 formed in the free end of section II of link 9. Such opening movement may then continue at least until the leaves I and 12 are parallel and aligned.

The action thus described is the direct result of the construction and interconnection of the leaves, links and levers forming the generally lazy tong system hereinbefore set forth.

Thus initial opening or separative movement of the leaf 2 with respect to leaf I will create a pull through link 8 upon the free part of lever 3 to which it is attached.

Continued swinging movement of lever 3 about the pivot 5 associated with leaf I will then cause separation of the pivots '5 due to the fact that lever 4 is pivoted at one end to the pivot 5 of tion. the depending pin I5 has become disengaged leaf 2, at the intermediate pivot I to lever 3 and at its opposite end to section II of link 9 which is in turn connected to leaf I.

The purpose of the link 9 composed of sections In and I I, is to prevent or overcome any tendency of the parts to become locked on dead center during closing movement of the door.

Thus when the leaf 2 has been moved a predetermined distance toward the leaf I in the closing movement of the parts, the depending pin I5 carried by lever 3 will strike one leg of the forked or slotted end I2 of section II of link 9 and will thereafter cause the joint between sections It and I I to break in a direction so that the abutting edge of section I I will move away from upstanding flange I0 carried by section III. As the pivotal movement of sections I0 and II continues, force is applied to leaf 2 through its pivot 5 and the link 4 to insure smooth collapsing movement of the parts.

It is believed to be obvious that swinging movement applied to either leaf relative to the other will result in the operation of the parts just described.

The result of these two movements is that the opening and closing operations of the door are approximately that of a door that is swung on a conventional type butt hinge, while the present hinge has the further advantage of being fully concealed between the door and jamb when the door is closed.

The arrangement as described above is of itself capable of performing the functions of both hinge and controlling mechanism. However, in some instances it may be desirable to swing the door on a hinge that includes a more conventional type of concealed hinge structure and use the described system for controlling the action of the hinge, thereby relieving the controlling system of the weight of the door.

' To this end, the main leaves may have interposed between them a pair of intermediate leaves I6 and II, the outer edges of which may be respectively pivoted to the same edges of the main leaves as are the levers 3 and 4, as by having marginal portions bent around the pins 5 at I8, in alternation with similarly bent portions IQ of the main leaves. The inner edges of the intermediate leaves are pivoted together by a conventional type of hinge joint 20, which is coaxial with pin I. In this structure the hinge provided by the main leaves and intermediate leaves serves to carry the weight of the door, while the link and lever mechanism operates as described above to control the relative movement of the main leaves.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described, is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of my invention, or the scope of the subjoined claims.

I claim:

1. In a butt hinge comprising a leaf formed for connection to a door jamb and a door-carrying leaf formed for connection to the edge of a door; motion-controlling pivot means connecting the leaves comprising a pair of levers pivoted together between the leaves and each being also pivoted to an edge of one of the leaves, a pin carried by the free end of one of said levers and extending at right angles thereto, and a link pivoted to each leaf between the edges thereof and also to the lever that is pivoted to the edge of the other leaf, one of said links being formed with a notch for receiving said pin when the motion-controlling pivot means is actuated toward door-closing position, whereby pressure exerted by the pin-carrying lever is transmitted through the notched link to assist in moving the leaves together.

2. In a butt hinge comprising a leaf for fixing to a door jamb and a door-carrying leaf for fixing to the edge of a door; a motion-controlling pivot mechanism connecting the leaves comprising a pair of levers crossed between their ends, the said levers being pivoted together at their crossing point and each havin an end pivoted to the edge of one of the leaves, a downwardly extending pin carried by one of said levers, and a pair of links one each being pivoted respectively to one of the levers outwardly of their crossing point, and to the leaf to which the other lever is pivoted, one of said links comprising a jointed toggle arm having a notched free end to receive and to be engaged by said downwardly extending pin when the leaves are moved toward door-closing position.

3. In a butt hinge comprising a leaf for fixing to a door jamb, a door-carryin leaf for fixing to the edge of a door, and a pair of levers pivoted to each other and to the edges of the respective leaves; a motion-controlling link pivoted to each of the levers and to the leaf to the edge of which the other lever is pivoted, one of the said links comprising a toggle arm having a joint between its pivotal connections with the leaf and the lever.

4. In a butt hinge comprising a leaf for fixing to a door jamb and a door-carrying leaf for fixing to the edge of a door; a pair of levers pivoted respectively to the edges of the respective leaves and pivoted together, a motion-controlling link pivoted to each of the levers and to the leaf to the edge of which the other lever is pivoted, one of the said links comprising a toggle arm having a joint between its pivotal connections with the leaf and the lever and being adapted to be locked in open position as the leaves are separated, and means carried by the lever that is pivoted to the same leaf as the said toggle arm for contacting the said arm and breaking the joint as the leaves are swung together.

5. In a butt hinge comprising a leaf for fixing to a door jamb, a door-carrying leaf for fixing to the edge of a door, and a pair of levers crossed intermediate their ends and pivoted together at their crossing point, each of the said levers having an end pivoted to an edge of the respective leaves; a link pivoted to one of the leaves intermediate its edges and to the lever pivoted to the other leaf, a toggle arm pivoted to the other leaf and the other lever and arranged to be straightened out to form a rigid link that cooperates with the first link to control relative motion of the levers and leaves as the leaves are swung apart, and means carried by the lever that is pivoted to the same leaf as the toggle arm for contacting the said arm and breaking the toggle joint as the leaves are swung together, the link, levers, and toggle arm sections being arranged successively along the axes of the pivots, and the pivots being so arranged as to move the said elements into parallel superposed relation as the leaves are swung together.

6. In a concealed butt hinge comprising a pair of main leaves for securing to a jamb and a door respectively, and a pair of intermediate leaves pivoted together along meeting outer edges and respectively pivoted to the main leaves along inner edges; means for laterally moving the pivot between one of the intermediate leaves and a main leaf and swinging the said main leaf about the said pivoted edge when a swinging force is applied to the said main leaf, said means comprising a pair of levers pivoted to the edges of the main leaves to which the intermediate leaves are pivoted, and pivoted together coaxially with the pivot between the intermediate leaves, and a link pivoted to each of the respective levers, each link also being pivoted to the main leaf to which the other lever is pivoted, one of said last named links comprising a toggle arm having a joint between its pivotal connections with the leaf and the lever.

'7. In a concealed butt hinge comprising a pair of main leaves for securing to a jamb and a door respectively, and a pair of intermediate leaves pivoted together along meeting outer edges and respectively pivoted to the main leaves along inner edges; means for laterally moving the pivot between one of the intermediate leaves and a main leaf and swinging the said main leaf about the said pivoted edge when a swinging force is applied to the main leaf, said means comprising a pair of levers pivoted to the edges of the main leaves, the said levers being crossed and pivoted together at their crossing point coaxially with the pivot between the intermediate leaves, and links pivoted to the respective levers, each link being also pivoted to the leaf to which the other lever is pivoted, one of the links being jointed between its pivotal connections with the lever and leaf, the outer end of the said link extending beyond the pivot to the lever, and the lever that is pivoted to the same leaf as the said jointed link extending beyond its pivot to the other lever and having a surface arranged to contact the end of the jointed link and break the joint of the link as the leaves are swung toward each other.

8. In a butt hinge comprising a main leaf for fixing to a door jamb, a door-carrying main leaf for fixing to the edge of a door, a pair of levers pivoted to each other and to the edges of the respective leaves, a motion-controlling link pivoted to each of the levers and to the leaf to the edge of which the other lever is pivoted, one of the said links comprising a toggle arm having a joint between its pivotal connections with the leaf and the lever, and a pair of auxiliary leaves pivoted together and connecting said main leaves, the pivotal connection between the auxiliary leaves being substantially coincident with the pivotal connection between the levers.

FRANK G. HOMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 865,895 Hewitt Sept. 10, 1907 941,672 Canfield Nov. 30, 1909 1,754,341 Tevonian Apr. 15, 1930 2,074,112 Homan Mar. 16, 1937 2,135,280 Erickson Nov. 1, 1938 2,144,977 Jacob Jan. 24, 1939 OTHER REFERENCES Ser. No. 368,949, L. Cencioni (A. P. 0.), published April 27, 1943.

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