US2383525A - Detergent composition - Google Patents
Detergent composition Download PDFInfo
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- US2383525A US2383525A US431551A US43155142A US2383525A US 2383525 A US2383525 A US 2383525A US 431551 A US431551 A US 431551A US 43155142 A US43155142 A US 43155142A US 2383525 A US2383525 A US 2383525A
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- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title description 72
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 50
- -1 acyl morpholines Chemical class 0.000 description 43
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 29
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Natural products C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 16
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 16
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 14
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- CIGPQLJUBWRNNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-morpholin-4-yldodecan-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N1CCOCC1 CIGPQLJUBWRNNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002780 morpholines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000004028 organic sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008107 benzenesulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019488 nut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010466 nut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- DIORMHZUUKOISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfoformic acid Chemical class OC(=O)S(O)(=O)=O DIORMHZUUKOISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOHIIBNOBPKOGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfotetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O WOHIIBNOBPKOGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000202285 Acrocomia mexicana Species 0.000 description 1
- SUZRRICLUFMAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methyltaurine Chemical compound CNCCS(O)(=O)=O SUZRRICLUFMAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045996 isethionic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- URLJMZWTXZTZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium myristyl sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O URLJMZWTXZTZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/32—Amides; Substituted amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen in the ring
Definitions
- This invention relates to improved washing and cleansing compositions containing as the essential detergent material an organic sulfuric acid derivative containing a sulfate or sulfonate group. More particularly the invention relates to builders for such detergent materials.
- builder is employed in its dictionary meaning to designate a substance used with or in a detergent material to aid in cleansing.
- a further object of my invention is to provide a builder for organic sulfate and sulfonate detergents.
- N-acylated morpholines having 12 to 14 carbon atoms in the acyl radical are excellent compounds for improving the detergent action of sulfate and sulfonate detergents. These compounds may be illustrated by the following general formula CHr-CH:
- R-CO is an acyl residue having 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
- any sulfate or sulfonate detergent composition containing a mixture of acyl morpholines consisting predominantly of those morpholines having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical are to be construed as coming within the scope of the present invention.
- a suitable mixture of acyl morpholines may be derived from the mixture of fatty acids obtained from tropical nut oils of the coconut oil group, of which coconut oil, palm kernel, corozo nut oil, etc., are typical examples.
- oils of this class are composed of glycerides of a fatty acid mixture consisting predominantly of acids having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms. and therefore the acyl morpholine mixture prepared therefrom will consist predominantly of these morpholines having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical.
- Example 1 To 10 parts of lauroyl morpholine are added parts of commercial sodium alkyl sulfate (35.5% active ingredient) prepared from the higher alcohols obtained by the hydrogenation of coconut oil. This mixture will contain the lauroyl morpholine and active alkyl sulfate in ratio of 1:3.2 and may be employed as a detergent in washing operations with highly satisfactory results as to detergent efliciency superior to those obtained by the use of the alkyl sulfate alone. The lauroyl morpholine more than replaces its own weight of detergent in cleansing operations and actually produces a mixture which has an apparent washing power more than three times that of the commercial alkyl sulfate without the added lauroyl morpholine.
- Example 2 To 10 parts of lauroyl morpholine are added 90 parts of a detergent material containing as the active constituent the mono-coconut-oil-fatty-acid-ester of 1,2 dihydroxy propane 3 sodium sulfonate.
- the detergent material contained 40 per cent active ingredient and therefore the lauroyl morpholine and the active detergent existed in the ratio of 1:3.6.
- the mixture has an apparent washing power several times that of the original commercial detergent.
- Myristoyl morpholine and the acyl morpholine mixture derived from the fatty acids of coconut oil will show similar activity in improving the cleansing power of sulfate and sulfonate detergents.
- alkyl sulfate detergent used in Example 1, water-soluble salts of other alkyl sulfuric acids suitable for use in washing and detergent compositions and having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical may be built with the acyl morpholines of the present invention with surprising beneficial results.
- my builders useful in assisting the cleansing action of water-soluble salts of those alkyl sulfuric acids having 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and with these detergents the builder action is particularly outstanding.
- the alkyl sulfates derived from the higher alcohols obtained from oils of the coconut oil group are markedly improved in their cleansing action by the addition of the acyl morpholines herein covered.
- These alkyl sulfates consist predominantly of lauryl and myristyl sulfates.
- any other sulfate or sulfonate detergent which is suitable as a washing and detergent agent in aqueous solution is improved by the addition of the acyl morpholines of the present invention;
- the builders are employed with detergents of the Igepon type such as the water-soluble salts of the higher fatty acid monoesters of lower molecular weight hydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids (oleic acid ester of the sodium salt of isethionic acid as well as the coconut oil monoglyceride sulfonate of Example 2) and of the higher fatty acid amides of low molecular aminoalkyl sulfonic acids (ammonium salt of oleic acid amide of methyl taurine).
- my builders may be employed with water-soluble salts of the sulfated higher fatty acid monoglycerides (sodium salt of coconut oil monoglyceride sulfuric acid), the higher alcohol esters of sulfocarboxylic acids (sodium salt of lauryl sulfoacetic acid), higher alkylated benzene sulfonic acids (potassium salt of Keryl benzene sulfonic acid), sulfated higher fatty acid alkylolamides (the sodium salt of sulfated coconut oil fatty acid ethanolamide) and the higher alcohol ethers of lower hydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids (mono lauryl ether of 1,2 dihydroxy propane 3 sodium sulfonate).
- the higher alcohol esters of sulfocarboxylic acids sodium salt of lauryl sulfoacetic acid
- higher alkylated benzene sulfonic acids potassium salt of Keryl benzene sulf
- My invention is not limited to any particular method of mixing the acyl morpholines with the sulfate and sulfonate detergents. They may be incorporated in the detergent in any of the forms in which the detergents are manufactured.
- the builder may be mechanically mixed in; it may be crutched into the detergent in the form of a 1.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of organic sulfonic acids and water soluble salts of aliphatic sulfuric acid esters, and a N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyi morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said detergent but sufficient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a. detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of higher alkyl sulfuric acids, higher fatty acid esters of lower molecular weight hydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids, higher fatty acid amides of low molecular amino-alkyl sulfonic acids, higher fatty acid monoglyceride sulfuric acids, higher alcohol esters of sulfocarboxylic acids, higher alkylated benzene sulfonic acids, higher alcohol ethers of lower hydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids and higher fatty acid alkylolamide sulfuric acids, and an N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the detergent but sufficient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of organic sulfonic acids and water soluble salts of aliphatic sulfuric acid esters, and lauroyl morpholine, the amount by weight of the lauroyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said detergent but sumcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essenslurry; it may be dissolved in a solution of the detergent and, as in the case of the monoglyceride true sulfonate detergents, it may be present by virtue of its use as a flux in the manufacture of the detergent material. While such ready for use mixtures may be manufactured and may be preferable for many purposes, it is likewise within the scope of my invention to add my builder to water prior to the adding of the detergent or vice versa, or to add both builder and detergent simultaneously but separately to the water.
- a detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of organic sulfonic acids and water soluble salts of aliphatic sulfuric acid esters, and myristoyl morpholine, the amount by weight of the myristoyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said detergent but suflicient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of organic sulfonic acids and water soluble salts of aliphatic sulfuric acid esters, and a mixture of acyl morpholines derived from a mixture of fatty acids obtained from coconut oil and consisting predominantly of lauric and myristic acids, the amount by weight of the acyl morpholine mixture being less than the amount by weightof the said detergent but sufllcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of an alkyl sulfuric acid having eight to eighteen carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, the said salt having pronounced detergent properties, and a N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the water soluble salt but suillcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of alkyl sulfuric acids derived from higher alcohols obtained from coconut oil, the said salt having pronounced detergent power, and a mixture of N-acyl morpholines derived from coconut oil fatty acids, the amount by weight of the acyl morpholine mixture being less than the amount by weight of the water soluble salt but sufficient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of a mixture of allwl sulfuric acids consisting predominantly of lauryl sulfuric acid, the said salt having pronounced detergent power, and lauroyl morpholine, the amount by weight of lauroyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said water soluble salt but sumcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of a mixture of alkyl sulfuric acids derived from higher alcohols obtained from an oil of the coconut oil group, the said salt having pronounced detergent power, and a mixture of Neacyl morpholines derived from a mixture of fatty acids consisting predominantly of lauric and myristic acids, the amount by weight of the acyl morpholine mixture being less than the amount by weight of the said water soluble salt but sufllcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of the coconut oil fatty acid monoester of 1,2-dihydroxy propane-S-sulfonic acid, and a N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said water soluble salt but suflicient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
- a cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of coconut oil monoglyceride sulfuric acid, and a N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said water soluble salt but suflicient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
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Description
Patented Aug. 28, 1945 DETERGENT COMPOSITION Nathaniel Beverley Tucker, Glendale, Ohio, assignor to The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Application February 19, 1942, Serial No. 431,551
12 Claims. (Cl. 252 152) This invention relates to improved washing and cleansing compositions containing as the essential detergent material an organic sulfuric acid derivative containing a sulfate or sulfonate group. More particularly the invention relates to builders for such detergent materials.
In the present specification and in the claims, the term "builder is employed in its dictionary meaning to designate a substance used with or in a detergent material to aid in cleansing.
It is an object of my invention to provide organic sulfate and sulfonate detergent compositions having improved detergent properties.
A further object of my invention is to provide a builder for organic sulfate and sulfonate detergents.
Other objects will be apparent from the following description.
Some compounds and compositions have already been provided for improving the sudsing and detergent properties of the organic sulfate and sulfonate detergents, but as far as I am aware the power of the particular compounds referred to herein to enhance these properties has not been known heretofore.
According to my invention N-acylated morpholines having 12 to 14 carbon atoms in the acyl radical are excellent compounds for improving the detergent action of sulfate and sulfonate detergents. These compounds may be illustrated by the following general formula CHr-CH:
where R-CO is an acyl residue having 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
While the above compounds are most eflicient when used in pure form, the presence of minor amounts of impurities or of acyl morpholines having other than twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical are not seriously harmful. For example, any sulfate or sulfonate detergent composition containing a mixture of acyl morpholines consisting predominantly of those morpholines having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical are to be construed as coming within the scope of the present invention. A suitable mixture of acyl morpholines, for example, may be derived from the mixture of fatty acids obtained from tropical nut oils of the coconut oil group, of which coconut oil, palm kernel, corozo nut oil, etc., are typical examples. It is known that oils of this class are composed of glycerides of a fatty acid mixture consisting predominantly of acids having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms. and therefore the acyl morpholine mixture prepared therefrom will consist predominantly of these morpholines having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical.
The following examples will illustrate the effectiveness of my builders and will demonstrate how the invention may be practiced, it being understood, however, that I am not limited to the specific conditions given therein.
Example 1.To 10 parts of lauroyl morpholine are added parts of commercial sodium alkyl sulfate (35.5% active ingredient) prepared from the higher alcohols obtained by the hydrogenation of coconut oil. This mixture will contain the lauroyl morpholine and active alkyl sulfate in ratio of 1:3.2 and may be employed as a detergent in washing operations with highly satisfactory results as to detergent efliciency superior to those obtained by the use of the alkyl sulfate alone. The lauroyl morpholine more than replaces its own weight of detergent in cleansing operations and actually produces a mixture which has an apparent washing power more than three times that of the commercial alkyl sulfate without the added lauroyl morpholine.
Example 2.-To 10 parts of lauroyl morpholine are added 90 parts of a detergent material containing as the active constituent the mono-coconut-oil-fatty-acid-ester of 1,2 dihydroxy propane 3 sodium sulfonate. The detergent material contained 40 per cent active ingredient and therefore the lauroyl morpholine and the active detergent existed in the ratio of 1:3.6. The mixture has an apparent washing power several times that of the original commercial detergent.
Myristoyl morpholine and the acyl morpholine mixture derived from the fatty acids of coconut oil will show similar activity in improving the cleansing power of sulfate and sulfonate detergents.
I have specifically illustrated in the examples the superior washing power of mixtures containing builder and sulfate or sulfonate detergent in the ratio of about 1 :3 on the basis of active constituents. I am not limited to this ratio, however, because the optimum ratio will vary with the specific combination of ingredients. In general the ratio of acyl morpholine to active detergent for best result lies in the range of 1:20 to 1:1 in practically all cases, usually between 1:5 to 1:2. For truly economical operation the weight of the acyl morpholine should not exceed the weight of the active detergent even though the sudsing and cleansing effect of a given weight of the pure active principle is sometimes increased by replacing even as much as half of its weight by the acyl morpholine.
Instead of the sodium alkyl sulfate detergent used in Example 1, water-soluble salts of other alkyl sulfuric acids suitable for use in washing and detergent compositions and having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical may be built with the acyl morpholines of the present invention with surprising beneficial results. Especially are my builders useful in assisting the cleansing action of water-soluble salts of those alkyl sulfuric acids having 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and with these detergents the builder action is particularly outstanding. Thus the alkyl sulfates derived from the higher alcohols obtained from oils of the coconut oil group are markedly improved in their cleansing action by the addition of the acyl morpholines herein covered. These alkyl sulfates, of course, consist predominantly of lauryl and myristyl sulfates.
In addition to the alkyl sulfate detergents and the detergent employed in Example 2, that is, the higher fatty acid mono-ester of 1,2 dihydroxy propane 3 sodium sulfonate, (more commonly referred to as monoglyceride sulfonate) any other sulfate or sulfonate detergent which is suitable as a washing and detergent agent in aqueous solution is improved by the addition of the acyl morpholines of the present invention; For example, beneficial results will be noted when the builders are employed with detergents of the Igepon type such as the water-soluble salts of the higher fatty acid monoesters of lower molecular weight hydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids (oleic acid ester of the sodium salt of isethionic acid as well as the coconut oil monoglyceride sulfonate of Example 2) and of the higher fatty acid amides of low molecular aminoalkyl sulfonic acids (ammonium salt of oleic acid amide of methyl taurine). Likewise my builders may be employed with water-soluble salts of the sulfated higher fatty acid monoglycerides (sodium salt of coconut oil monoglyceride sulfuric acid), the higher alcohol esters of sulfocarboxylic acids (sodium salt of lauryl sulfoacetic acid), higher alkylated benzene sulfonic acids (potassium salt of Keryl benzene sulfonic acid), sulfated higher fatty acid alkylolamides (the sodium salt of sulfated coconut oil fatty acid ethanolamide) and the higher alcohol ethers of lower hydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids (mono lauryl ether of 1,2 dihydroxy propane 3 sodium sulfonate).
My invention is not limited to any particular method of mixing the acyl morpholines with the sulfate and sulfonate detergents. They may be incorporated in the detergent in any of the forms in which the detergents are manufactured. The builder may be mechanically mixed in; it may be crutched into the detergent in the form of a 1. A cleansing compositioncomprising essentially a mixture of a detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of organic sulfonic acids and water soluble salts of aliphatic sulfuric acid esters, and a N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyi morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said detergent but sufficient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
2. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a. detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of higher alkyl sulfuric acids, higher fatty acid esters of lower molecular weight hydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids, higher fatty acid amides of low molecular amino-alkyl sulfonic acids, higher fatty acid monoglyceride sulfuric acids, higher alcohol esters of sulfocarboxylic acids, higher alkylated benzene sulfonic acids, higher alcohol ethers of lower hydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids and higher fatty acid alkylolamide sulfuric acids, and an N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the detergent but sufficient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
3. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of organic sulfonic acids and water soluble salts of aliphatic sulfuric acid esters, and lauroyl morpholine, the amount by weight of the lauroyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said detergent but sumcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
40. 4. A cleansing composition comprising essenslurry; it may be dissolved in a solution of the detergent and, as in the case of the monoglyceride true sulfonate detergents, it may be present by virtue of its use as a flux in the manufacture of the detergent material. While such ready for use mixtures may be manufactured and may be preferable for many purposes, it is likewise within the scope of my invention to add my builder to water prior to the adding of the detergent or vice versa, or to add both builder and detergent simultaneously but separately to the water.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 15;-
tially a mixture of a detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of organic sulfonic acids and water soluble salts of aliphatic sulfuric acid esters, and myristoyl morpholine, the amount by weight of the myristoyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said detergent but suflicient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
5. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a detergent having pronounced detergent power and selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of organic sulfonic acids and water soluble salts of aliphatic sulfuric acid esters, and a mixture of acyl morpholines derived from a mixture of fatty acids obtained from coconut oil and consisting predominantly of lauric and myristic acids, the amount by weight of the acyl morpholine mixture being less than the amount by weightof the said detergent but sufllcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
6. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of an alkyl sulfuric acid having eight to eighteen carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, the said salt having pronounced detergent properties, and a N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the water soluble salt but suillcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
'7. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of alkyl sulfuric acids derived from higher alcohols obtained from coconut oil, the said salt having pronounced detergent power, and a mixture of N-acyl morpholines derived from coconut oil fatty acids, the amount by weight of the acyl morpholine mixture being less than the amount by weight of the water soluble salt but sufficient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
8. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of a mixture of allwl sulfuric acids consisting predominantly of lauryl sulfuric acid, the said salt having pronounced detergent power, and lauroyl morpholine, the amount by weight of lauroyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said water soluble salt but sumcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
9. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of a mixture of alkyl sulfuric acids derived from higher alcohols obtained from an oil of the coconut oil group, the said salt having pronounced detergent power, and a mixture of Neacyl morpholines derived from a mixture of fatty acids consisting predominantly of lauric and myristic acids, the amount by weight of the acyl morpholine mixture being less than the amount by weight of the said water soluble salt but sufllcient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
10. A cleansing composition claimed in claim 1 in which the ratio of N-aeyl morpholine to the detergent is between 1:20 to 1:1.
11. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of the coconut oil fatty acid monoester of 1,2-dihydroxy propane-S-sulfonic acid, and a N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said water soluble salt but suflicient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
12. A cleansing composition comprising essentially a mixture of a water soluble salt of coconut oil monoglyceride sulfuric acid, and a N-acyl morpholine having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms in the acyl radical, the amount by weight of the N-acyl morpholine being less than the amount by weight of the said water soluble salt but suflicient to enhance the detergent power thereof.
NATHANIEL BEVERLEY TUCKER.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US431551A US2383525A (en) | 1942-02-19 | 1942-02-19 | Detergent composition |
GB1492/43A GB573662A (en) | 1942-02-19 | 1943-01-28 | Detergent composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US431551A US2383525A (en) | 1942-02-19 | 1942-02-19 | Detergent composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2383525A true US2383525A (en) | 1945-08-28 |
Family
ID=23712435
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US431551A Expired - Lifetime US2383525A (en) | 1942-02-19 | 1942-02-19 | Detergent composition |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2383525A (en) |
GB (1) | GB573662A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE939347C (en) * | 1951-04-05 | 1956-02-23 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Surface-active mixtures with improved foaming capacity |
US3928250A (en) * | 1972-10-05 | 1975-12-23 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Washing composition containing suds suppressing agents |
WO1986007603A1 (en) * | 1985-06-22 | 1986-12-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Washing agent for low washing temperatures |
-
1942
- 1942-02-19 US US431551A patent/US2383525A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1943
- 1943-01-28 GB GB1492/43A patent/GB573662A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE939347C (en) * | 1951-04-05 | 1956-02-23 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Surface-active mixtures with improved foaming capacity |
US3928250A (en) * | 1972-10-05 | 1975-12-23 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Washing composition containing suds suppressing agents |
WO1986007603A1 (en) * | 1985-06-22 | 1986-12-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Washing agent for low washing temperatures |
US4820436A (en) * | 1985-06-22 | 1989-04-11 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Detergents for low laundering temperatures |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB573662A (en) | 1945-11-30 |
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