US2357228A - Hydraulic turbine - Google Patents

Hydraulic turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
US2357228A
US2357228A US434628A US43462842A US2357228A US 2357228 A US2357228 A US 2357228A US 434628 A US434628 A US 434628A US 43462842 A US43462842 A US 43462842A US 2357228 A US2357228 A US 2357228A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
crank
servo
motor
swivelling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US434628A
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English (en)
Inventor
Seewer Paul Werner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
English Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
English Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by English Electric Co Ltd filed Critical English Electric Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2357228A publication Critical patent/US2357228A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0055—Rotors with adjustable blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/14—Rotors having adjustable blades
    • F03B3/145—Mechanisms for adjusting the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/406—Transmission of power through hydraulic systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/76—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism using auxiliary power sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to water turbine and pump 'rotors and to marine and aeroplane propellers of the swivelling blade type, and since it has for its object blade swivelling gear which can overcome forces of considerable magnitude acting on each blade the invention will be described as applied to a hydraulic turbine.
  • the invention uses inside the rotor an axially reciprocating hydraulic servo-motor, a crank substantially rigid with each swivelling blade and operative connections directly between each crank and the servo-motor.
  • the servo-motor acts on each crank with considerable leverage and in order to accommodate in the rotor operating gear for six or eight blades the present invention provides that each crank extends, in one of its working positions, parallel to the rotor axis, while the operative connections are disposed to transmit to the cranks a bladeswivelling force in a direction at a considerable angle to the axis of the rotor.
  • each crank extends at the side of and outside the servo-motor and the operative connections are similarly located so that when the cover or hood is removed from thehub the servo-motor, cranks and operative connections are all exposed.
  • a member reciprocable with the servo-motor has therein a plurality of'flat-sided channels (one per crank) inclined at an angle to the axis of the rotor and the cranks which extend substantially axially from the blades inside the rotor each carry a flat-sided slider block mounted on the end of the crank, said slider blocks being each a sliding fit within the said flat-sided grooves.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section through the rotor axis of one form of hydraulic turbine according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional plan transverse to Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is a partly diagrammatic view showing the servo-motor piston, a prismatic grooved member reciprocating therewith, the slider block and the crank which actuates one of the swivelling blades
  • Fig. 4 is a partly diagrammatic view showing the servomotor cylinder partly cut away to expose the piston therein and showing also the cross-head member secured to the lower end of the piston rod but with the prismatic grooved member removed
  • Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic side view of a crank with'its slider block in the groove in the prismatic member
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-section-corresponding to Fig. 1--through a modifled form of turbine according to the invention.
  • eachv swivelling turbine As shown in Fig. 1, eachv swivelling turbine.
  • blade I is cast in one piece with its spindle la and with an operating crank lb depending there. from or is fabricated by welding the crank to the spindle or is otherwise formed integrally with the spindle and crank.
  • the spherical hub 2a of the rotor incorporates bearings for the spindles la.
  • Each spindle is provided with an inner and an outer bearing, each crank being located bebearings are split are scraped t ether and securely joined by a tightening solution or other tightening agent and thereby sealed both against the ingress of water and the egress of lubricating oil,
  • the rotor is completed by the hood Ila secured to the hub 2a and which may terminate in a separate nose l3 and is closed by the manhole cover l4. 4
  • each crank lb is a block 5 with flat edges slidably fitting in a fiat-edged groove 61; in one face of a hollow prismatic member 6 disposed around the axis of the hub.
  • the crank lb and the swivelling slider block 5 are shown separated from each otherand from the prismatic member 6 in Fig. 3.
  • member 6 is octagonal as shown in- Fig. 3 and in plan in Fig. 2.
  • the fiat-edged groove Ea is inclined to the axis of the hub, as in Figs. 3 and 5; a similar groove is cut in each face of the prismatic member 6, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • thelower end of the prismatic member 6 is supported by a cross member I which, as shown also in-Fig. 4, is rigidly connected to the lower end of a'hollow axial servomotor piston'rod 8 carrying a piston 9 which can reciprocate in the cylinder. Ill secured to the hub member 2a and co-axial therewith.
  • the periphery of the member 1' is provided with a diametrically opposite pair of projections lb which engage and can slide axially between channelled guide members I la projecting inwardly from the wall of the hood.
  • the prismatic member 6 fits over the'iocating spigot is on the member I and between the guide projectlons'lb.
  • the spigot Ia and projections 'lb -before the member l is mtinplaceareshownin1'i8.4which also shows the rim I provided on the fixed cylinder II and over which the member i can slide.
  • the lower portion oi. the piston rod 8 slides through a packed gland in the cylinder cover l2.
  • a stationary p pe 1 an s ly fiuid under pressure from-the control valve through the hollow interior or the upper part 01' the cylinder II and thegrwvesQDinthepistonrodBtotl-ie cylinder above the piston O.
  • the inner pipe l.- which is secured to and reciprocates with the pistcnrodisothatitsupperendcanbeusedto indicate the position or the piston and or the blades-also supplies fluid through the interior of piston rod 8 and through discharge openings la to the cylinder space below the piston 9.
  • the centre line of the crank when the latter is in its mid position could be vertical but is preferably inclined to the vertical as in Fig. 5. If this centre line in the mid position were parallel to the sides of the grooves b the sliding movement relativeill to these grooves would be reduced to a minimum and the leverage would remain substantially constant. If space conditions make this impossible, then as a compromise the crank may be arranged to swing about a mid position which lies between the vertical and a direction parallel to the sides of the grooves 6b.
  • the piston rod 8 which is hollow and carries the piston l as previously described, is secured by its upper flange to to the huh 2 coaxially therewith.
  • the combined prismatic member and cylinder i has its upper boss 8b by a-cover it having a boss Ila also bored to fit on the lower portion of the piston rod I and also carrying the diametrically'opposite pair of projections llb which engage and can slide axially between the channel guide members Ila.
  • the lower end of the boss Ila is closed by the cap llc which is securely fixed thereto and which also closes up the lower end of the pipe l8 which is fixed to the cap and so moves up and down with the cylinder 8.
  • the stationary pipe II can supply fluid through the hollow interior of the piston rod I and the discharge openings la to the cylinder space above the piston 9.
  • the inner pipe I can supply fluid through the discharge openings lia and the grooves 8b in the lower part of the piston rod 8 to the cylinder below the piston 9.
  • the rotor axis will be horizontal instead of vertical and directions referred to in the description as horizontal will remain transverse to the propeller axis and will therefore be vertical.
  • a vertical hydraulic turbine rotor comprising a hub incorporating a plurality of horizontal bearings, a plurality of swivelling propeller blades mounted in said bearings and projecting from said hub, a reciprocating hydraulic servomotor inside said rotor below the blade bearings and reciprocable axially of the rotor, a crank substantially rigid with and extending downwardly from each swivelling blade and located inside the rotor but at the side of and outside of'saidservo-motor, an operative connection between the servo-motor and the lower end of each said crank for transmitting to said end a blade-swivelling force in a direction at a considerable angle to the axis of the rotor, and a hood removable from said hub to expose said servo-motor, cranks and operative connections.
  • a swivelling-propeller-bladed rotor comprising a hub, bearings incorporated therein, a plurality of swivelling propeller blades mounted in said bearings and projecting radially from said hub, a reciprocating hydraulic servo-motor inside said rotor and reciprocable axially of the rotor, a crank inside the rotor substantially rigid with each swivelling blade and extending therefrom in one of its working positions parallel to the rotor axis, a slider block pivotally mounted on the end of each of the said cranks, said servo-motor having an axially reciprocable member formed with a plurality of channels respectively slidably receiving the said respective blocks and inclined at an angle to the axis of the rotor receiving said blocks, each of the latter having sides shaped to correspond to the sides of the corresponding channel in which the said block is a. sliding fit.
  • a swivelling-propeller-bladed rotor comprising a hub, bearings incorporated therein, a plurality of swivelling'propeller blades mounted in said bearings and projecting radially from said hub, a reciprocating hydraulic servo-motor inside said rotor and reciprocable axially of the rotor, a crank inside the rotor'substantially rigid with each swivelling blade and extending therefrom parallel to the rotor axis in one of the working positions of said blade, a flat sided.
  • each of the said cranks pivotally mounted on the end of each of the said cranks and a hollow prismatic member disposed around, and axially reciprocable as part of, the said servo-motor, said prismatic member having a number of side faces equal to the numberof swivelling blades and in each face a fiat sided channel inclined at an angle to the axis of the rotor, each of said blocks being a sliding fit within one of said flat sided channels.
  • a vertical hydraulic turbine rotor comprising a hub incorporating a plurality of horizontal bearings, a plurality of swivelling propeller blades mounted in said bearings and projecting from said hub, a reciprocating hydraulic servomotor inside said rotor below the blade bearings and reciprocable axially of the rotor, a hollow member around said servo-motor, axially reciprocable as part thereof and having in its outer surface a plurality of channelssteeply inclined to the horizontal, rigid guides in said rotor for said channeled member, a plurality of cranks respectively substantially rigidwith and extending downwardly from the respective swivelling blades and inside of the rotor at the side of the channelled member, a plurality of slider blocks respectively pivotally mounted on the ends of the respective cranks, said blocks respectively having sides shaped to correspond to the sides of the corresponding channel of the respective channels in which the respective blocks make a sliding fit, and a hood removable from said hub to expose the said servo-motor, channelled member, cranks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
US434628A 1941-03-07 1942-03-13 Hydraulic turbine Expired - Lifetime US2357228A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3156/41A GB568530A (en) 1941-03-07 1941-03-07 Improved operating gear for adjustable propeller type blades in hydraulic turbines and pumps

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2357228A true US2357228A (en) 1944-08-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US434628A Expired - Lifetime US2357228A (en) 1941-03-07 1942-03-13 Hydraulic turbine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2357228A (de)
CH (1) CH249223A (de)
DE (1) DE845930C (de)
GB (1) GB568530A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422138A (en) * 1943-11-19 1947-06-10 English Electric Co Ltd Swivelling bladed adjustable pitch propeller
US2539339A (en) * 1946-04-19 1951-01-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Controlling device for pumps
US2807327A (en) * 1954-07-16 1957-09-24 Beech Aircraft Corp Hydraulic control full feathering propeller
FR2729710A1 (fr) * 1994-12-24 1996-07-26 Ksb Ag Impulseur reglable ayant un mecanisme de reglage monte a l'interieur
US20080095617A1 (en) * 2004-06-29 2008-04-24 Va Tech Hydro Gmbh & Co Turbine Runner With Reduced Leakage Of Servo Oil
ITUB20153593A1 (it) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-03 Milano Innovazioni Tecnologiche Srl Cinematismo per il comando delle pale di turbine idrauliche a flusso libero
US20170066523A1 (en) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-09 General Electric Company System and method for controlling propeller pitch
US20170198676A1 (en) * 2016-01-12 2017-07-13 Alstom Renewable Technolgies Device for reversing a blade of a runner unit
CN108757552A (zh) * 2018-08-05 2018-11-06 孙大飞 全角度叶片调节装置及其调节方法
US11067053B2 (en) * 2016-11-21 2021-07-20 Ge Renewable Technologies Method for orientating the blades of a turbine

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE941172C (de) * 1950-10-15 1956-04-05 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Vorrichtung zur Verstellung der Fluegel von Fluegelpumpen
DE1068639B (de) * 1955-03-15 1959-11-05
US4347039A (en) * 1980-02-25 1982-08-31 Ronald Houghton Variable pitch screw propeller
JPS58224889A (ja) * 1982-06-22 1983-12-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 可変ピツチ型軸流式流体機械の変節装置
DE102014200186A1 (de) 2014-01-09 2015-01-08 Voith Patent Gmbh Verstelleinrichtung für ein Laufrad

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422138A (en) * 1943-11-19 1947-06-10 English Electric Co Ltd Swivelling bladed adjustable pitch propeller
US2539339A (en) * 1946-04-19 1951-01-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Controlling device for pumps
US2807327A (en) * 1954-07-16 1957-09-24 Beech Aircraft Corp Hydraulic control full feathering propeller
FR2729710A1 (fr) * 1994-12-24 1996-07-26 Ksb Ag Impulseur reglable ayant un mecanisme de reglage monte a l'interieur
US20080095617A1 (en) * 2004-06-29 2008-04-24 Va Tech Hydro Gmbh & Co Turbine Runner With Reduced Leakage Of Servo Oil
US8192164B2 (en) * 2004-06-29 2012-06-05 Va Tech Hydro Gmbh Turbine runner with reduced leakage of servo-oil
WO2017037627A1 (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-09 Orlando Lozzi Angular positioning system of hydraulic impeller
ITUB20153593A1 (it) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-03 Milano Innovazioni Tecnologiche Srl Cinematismo per il comando delle pale di turbine idrauliche a flusso libero
US20170066523A1 (en) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-09 General Electric Company System and method for controlling propeller pitch
US10793255B2 (en) * 2015-09-07 2020-10-06 General Electric Company System and method for controlling propeller pitch
US20170198676A1 (en) * 2016-01-12 2017-07-13 Alstom Renewable Technolgies Device for reversing a blade of a runner unit
EP3193006A1 (de) * 2016-01-12 2017-07-19 GE Renewable Technologies Vorrichtung zur umkehrung eines blattes einer läufereinheit
US10598144B2 (en) * 2016-01-12 2020-03-24 Ge Renewable Technologies Device for reversing a blade of a runner unit
RU2730212C2 (ru) * 2016-01-12 2020-08-19 ДжиИ Риньюэбл Текнолоджиз Устройство для переворачивания лопасти роторного узла и роторный узел
US11067053B2 (en) * 2016-11-21 2021-07-20 Ge Renewable Technologies Method for orientating the blades of a turbine
CN108757552A (zh) * 2018-08-05 2018-11-06 孙大飞 全角度叶片调节装置及其调节方法
CN108757552B (zh) * 2018-08-05 2024-05-07 孙大飞 全角度叶片调节装置及其调节方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE845930C (de) 1952-08-07
GB568530A (en) 1945-04-10
CH249223A (de) 1947-06-15

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