US2344519A - Apparatus for burning oil - Google Patents

Description

March 21, 1944. 1-. NAGEL APPARATUS FOR BURNING QIL Fi led Dec. 27, 1941 :INVIEFNTOR ATTORNEYS Patented Mar. 21, 1944 UNITED Y STATES PATENT OFFICE mmws irfiv me on.

Theodore Nagel, Brooklyn, N. Y. v Application December 27, 1941, Serial No. 424,589 (Cl. 158-76) 2 Claims.

This inventionrelates to oil burners and to the burning of liquid hydrocarbons.

' The primary object of my invention is to provide a wind shielded zone within the combustionair'stream flowing from an oil burner, so that at or adjacent this wind-shielded zone a non-floating, stable and permanent ignition flame will be maintained throughout the desired operation .of the burner.

In operating oil burners trouble is experienced with floating and instability of the ignition flame. This is such a problem that it is often diflicult to establish stable flame ignition as well. as to maintain stable flame combustion after ignition has been established.

My invntion provides an apparatus whereby cient manner, so that one is assured of a stable and non-floating ignition flame and stable flame of a metalring or annulus. Its presence inthe air stream will produce a reduced velocity, reduced pressure area at III, that is, at the forward face of the ring, the air flowing forward through the tube 2, flowing at each side of the ring or windshield as shown by the arrows l2 and M.

It will be appreciated that this reduced pressure area will draw atomized fuel and air thereinto, and inasmuch a permanent ignition flame will be maintained in this area, thereby eliminating floating and unstable ignition flames after the current to the electrodes {has been cut oil.

' these dimculties are overcome in a simple, efll- 1 The invention is applicable to various'types of I oil burners but for purposes of illustration I have chosen to show it applied to mechanical pressure atomizing oil burners of the so-called "gun type. It is to be understood that this showing is purely illustrative and not definitive.

Three embodiments of the invention have been illustrated.

Fig. 1 shows in part sectional elevation one embodiment of my invention; and

Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views of two other embodiments of the invention.

Referring to the drawing in detail and first of all to the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1: 2.

designates the barrel or air tube of an oil burner and 4 the atomizing nozzle. 6 designates the ignition electrodes. ventional. g

In the operation of burners of this construction ignition and combustion air is supplied through In the construction'illustrated in Fig. 2 I provide an attachment for an-oil burner, this atta'chment taking the form of a unit adapted .to be attached to the burner air tube 2, for example, and comprising an inwardly tapered sleeve Ii spaced from, projecting beyond and surrounding a windshield I8. 'This shield is the same location as the windshield B, but takes the form of an outwardly tapered sleeve, as distinguished from the annular windshield of Fig. i. It will beunderstood 'that the windshield of this embodiment of my invention will produce a reduced pressure, reduced velocity area at the inner face of and in front of the shield as indicated by the broken lines Ill, while the inwardly tapered sleeve I 6 will converge into the diverging stream of ignited atomized oil the combustion air de- 4 flected outwardly by the outer face of the windshield.

In Fig. 3 I provide still another form of attachment. This embodiment of my invention provides a shield l8, the same as in Fig. 2, and in addition this shield is surrounded with another This construction is conthe barrel or tube 2, and the fuel ejected through the nozzle 4 is ignited by the electrodes 6, the ignition current being cut on automatically after combustion is well established. After combustion is well established and after the ignition current has been cut oil, maintenance of permanent ignition often results in a floating unsteady flame due to variations in air velocity and in many v cases ignitlon'fails.

My invention eliminates the difllculties hereto fore encountered in maintaining permanent ignition and with floating flames.

I provide a windshield a in the air stream of the burner, this shield, in Fig. 1, taking the form 66- windshield 20 which is spaced from It and extends for an appreciable distance beyondthe exit end thereof.- This additional shield afiords a further protection from disturbance of the ignition flame swithout, however, in any way varying the low pressure area I 0. Th sleeve I 8 of this unit attachment functions to convert the air deflected outwardly by the exterior of the windshield 20'intoa converging stream of combustion air.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that in all three embodiments of my invention I produce a wind-shielded, reduced pressure, lcw velocity area within the combustion air stream so as to be assured of a non-floating, stableand permanent ignition flame so long as the burner is in operation.

It is to be understood that my invention may as the velocity of flow in this area is lower than the rate of flame propagation,

in approximately take forms other than those herein illustrated and described without, however, departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. An oil burner comprising in combination an oil atomizer, a tube for combustion air surrounding and spaced from the atomizer and extending beyond the discharge end of the same, said tube beyond the discharge end of the atomizer gradually decreasing in diameter to provide a discharge throat of less diameter than the main body of the air tube, an annulus wholly in front of and concentric with the atomizer disposed within the air tube and spaced from the wall thereof, the wall of said annulus terminating short of the throat end of said air tube and flaring outwardly away from the axis of said atom.- izer, a second annulus intermediate said first annulus and said air tube and spaced from both, the wall of the second annulus flaring outwardly of the burner axis and terminating in a throat intermediate the outer ends of the first annulus and said air tube, the diameter of this throat being not less-than the diameter of the said air tube discharge throat.

2. An oil burner comprising in combination an oil atomizer, a tube for combustion air surrounding and spaced from the atomizer and extending beyond the discharge end of the same, said tube beyond the discharge end of the atomizer grad ually decreasing in diameter to provide a discharge throat or less diameter than the main body of the air tube, an annulus wholly in front of and concentric with the atomizer disposed within the air tube and spaced from the wall thereof, the wall of said annulus terminating short of the throat end oisaid air tube and flaring outwardly away from the axis or said atomizer, a second annulus intennediate 'said first annulus and said air tube and spaced from both, the wall of the second annulus flaring outwardly of the burner axis'throughout part of its length, the outer portion of the wall or the second annulus extending parallel to the atomizer axis and terminating beyond the terminal of the first annulus and short of the discharge throat of said air tube.

THEODORE NAGEL.

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