US2155339A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

BURNER Filed Sept. 20, 1935 INVENTOR f?. 5756/ BY la A 1 ATTNEY Patented Apr. 18, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Bumm; Frank-A. stan, Detroit, man., asignar 'to nettoit Lubricator Company, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application September 20, 1935, Serial No.4 41,338

7 Claims. (Cl. 158-115) My invention relates generally to heating systems and more particularly to pilot light burners therefor.

In heating systems of the type which employ a gas Aburning pilot light for ,lighting the main burner, it frequently occurs that the pilot light is accidentally extinguished. 'Ihis is .usually caused, as is well known, by the explosion or pui following the extinguishment of the main burner,

or by back drafts from the chimney. The accidental extinguishment of a. gas burning pilot light is, of course, objectionable chiey' because of the liable danger to life and damage to property resulting from the escape of gas. Usually l5 heating systems are provided with safety devices operable for stopping flow of gas tothe main A burner in the event of extinguishment of the pilot light,` but many of such devices do not also stop flow of gasto the pilot light.- In any event,

frequent extinguishment o f the pilot light is objectionable because of `the resultant inefcient operation of'the heating'system and also because of the inconvenience of relightng the pilot light.

It is therefore one of the objects of my invention to provide a. new and novel pilot light burner for lighting a main burner in a heating system and one in which the above mentioned objectionable features are obviated.

Another object of my invention is to provide a.

3u gas burner so constructed that accidental extinguishment of its flame is prevented.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pilot light burner having a burner outlet for a gas flame for lighting another burner and which v is automatically relighted in the'. event it becomes accidentally extinguished.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pilot light burner of the above mentioned character which is simple in construction and economical to manufacture.

In the accompanying drawing, to be taken as a part gf this specification, I have fully and clearly illustrated my invention, in which drawing- Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention but with the pilot burner in vertical central section;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the pilot burner;

Fig. 3 is a detail view of the pilot burner shown in elevation and partly broken away to showinternal construction, looking from right to left of Y 5:, Fig. 5 is a view 'showing an apparatus embody-- ing still another form of my invention and with parts in vertical central section.

Broadly, my invention resides in the provision of a gas burner in which the novel construction includes means for preventing the accidental ex- 5 tinguishment of the burner ame. It is well known that when a gas flame is extinguished by a-disturbance in the air or medium immediately surrounding the burner, the gas issuing from'the burner outlet frequently is driven back into the 10 issuance therefrom, the tip preferably being a conduit of tubular form', or pipe-like, as shown. The tubular tip member I is preferably disposed 25 with its longitudinal axis Vextending vertically, the upper end of the tip member preferably being f closed, as at 2. Gas is supplied to the tip member I through an elbow fitting 3 in which the open lower end of the member Ipis supported and 30 sealed as by screw-threaded connection thereinto. The fitting 3 is .fed by asupply pipe or line 4 from the usual source of fuel supply (not shown). .In order to provide a gas burner which is ehi-- cient in operation and one in which the flame will 35 not be accidentally extinguished by surrounding disturbances, I provide the tip member I with aplurality of gas outlets 5 and 6 and provide a shieldmember 'I which surrounds or houses a portion of the tip member I, with the shield 40 member side Wall in spaced relation thereto, and which encloses the outlets 5 and 6. 'I'hebutlets 5 and 6 are preferably located in the vertical side wall of the tip member I, intermediate its ends, the outlets 5 preferably being larger than the 45 outlets B. There arefour of lthe larger outlets 5,'in the present instance, and these outlets are preferably disposed and arranged in diametrically opposite pairs in spaced, vertical* alignment. The outlets 6, or smaller outlets, ofwhich there are 50 eight in this instance, are also preferably disposed and arrangedv in spaced, vertically alined groups of four and are preferably diametrically opposite each other and spaced equally 'or at 90 from the larger outlets 5, as shown.l

The upper end wall 8 is preferably' conical in form, extending upwardly and; inwardly convergingfrom the periphery of the side wall to the centrally disposed aperture 8 through which the tip member I extends. An upper end portion of the tip member I may be of reduced diameter to provide an upwardly facing annular shoulder or seating surface 8b forsupporting the shield member 1. The shield member 'I may be press-fitted, welded, or otherwise suitably seltured and sealed against leakage to the tip mem- The inner wall of the shield member 1 cooperates with the outer wall of the tip member I to provide an annular gas chamber or reservoir I0 in whichgas issuing from the outlets 5 and 6 is trapped. Gas issues from the reservoir II) from a plurality of apertures II in the top wall 8, these apertures constituting the burner outlets and also issues from the open shield end 1*. Theburner outlets II are oppositely disposed, there being two of such outlets in the present instance, and preferably the burner outlets II are located in the same vertical plane with the gas outlets 5 of the tip member I, the outlets 5 preferably being in the upper portion of member I and adjacent the outlets II. Preferably the combined capacities of the outlets' II is 4less than the combined capacities of the outlets 5 andi so that gas will be trapped in the reservoir I0 and rising will tend to escape from the relatively small and flowrestricting burner outlets' II with excess gas. escaping from the open end la. The downwardly facing end of the shieldmember 'l is open, as at 'le as above noted, to surrounding atmosphere, this opening being relatively large compared to the burner outlets II so that any transient pressure change acting on the open end of the reservoir I0 will exert a greater force on" the gas in the reservoir than the force exerted on the gas by the pressure change acting through the relativelyA small outlets II. Through the side wall of the upper end portion of the tip member I, and externally of the shield member 1 and above wall 8, there is provided a plurality of laterally extending, radially spacedapertures or orifices I3 which constitute other burner outlets. The burner outlets I3 are disposed adjacent the burner outlets- II, some of the outlets I3 being in the same vertical plane with the outlets II.y The pilot light burner may be arranged adjacent a mainburner,y designated at Il, for lighting the same upon issuance of gas therefrom.

In the operation of 'the apparatus above described, the gas issuing from the burner outlets I I which form the pilot I3 and is lighted, and the flames of the burner outlets I3 which discharge laterally are employed for lighting a main burner, or burners, while the names from the burner outletsII act to light the gas issuingrfromburner outlets I3 in the event that the iiame thereof becomes extinguished. When pressure disturbances occur in the nre box, orsurrounding the pilot burner, such a's a rush of i air caused by the :puff following the extinguishment of the main burner or by a back draft from the chimney, the

flame of outlet burners I3 may be extinguished. In case of a sulcient disturbance to extinguish the ames issuing from orifices II and I3, the

flame which is burning at the lower end of shield I may be driven up inside of shield 1 and will, upon cessationof the disturbance, return to the open shield end 'la and burn up around the out'- side wall of the shield to reignite the jets of gas issuing from said oriiices II which will in turn lreignite the gas from the main burner lighting orifices I3. The orices 5 are positioned below and in a vertical plane with orifices II so that the fuel issuing from the orifices 5 is fed substantially directly beneath and for discharge through the orifices II. The orifices 6 are positioned intermediate the orifices II so that the probability of extinguishment of the flame at orices 6 and Within chamber I0 upon inward draft through orifices II will be substantially eliminated.

The burners shown in Figs. 4 and 5 are similar in construction to the `previous1y;described burners and therefore, like characters of reference are employed to designate like parts. The burner shown in Fig. 4 diiers from the previously described burner in that it does not have the burner outlets I3 for lighting the main burner I, but

instead employs the flame o f the burner outlets I I to light the main burner. In Fig. 5 there is shown a gas burner lighting system which comprises a pilotI light burner or tip-member I arranged to light a main burner I4, and a second pilot light burner which includes a tip member I', the second burner being arranged adjacent the burner I for lighting the same in the event its flame becomes accidentallyI extinguished. In this construction the burner I and the secondpilot burner are separate structures instead of being combined in a single unit, as in the burner shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The burner or tip member'I differs from Athe first described burner or tip member in that it does not have the outlets 5 and 6, and the shield 1, while the burner I differs from the rst described burner I in' that it does not have the burner outlets I3.

What I claim and desire to/secure Patent of the United States is:

1. A pilot burner comprising a tubular member for connection toa source of gas supply, a member closed at its upper end and open at its lower end to provide a gas discharge orifice and surrounding a portion Aof said tubular member, said last-named member having a burner orifice above said lower end, said tubular member having an outlet orifice discharging within said last-named member, said outlet orifice having a greater flow capacity than said burner orice sov that excess gas will issue from said discharge orice for ignition external of said closed member whereby a ame is maintained' for reignition of the gas issuing from said burner orifice.

2. A pilot burner comprising a tubular member by Letters for connection to a source of gas supply, a shield member having an end wall and supported by said tubular member and housing a portion of said tubular member, said shield member having a burner orifice in said end wall and having orifice, said burner orifice having a flow capacity` less than the flow capacity of said tubular member aperture so that gas will issue from said disy charge oritlce for ignition external` of said shield member whereby a flame is maintained -for reignition of the gas issuing from said burner oriiice.

3. A pilot burner comprising a tubular mm ber for connection to a source of gas supply, a shield member having an end wall with an aperture therethrough, said aperture receiving said tubular member, said shield member having a burner orifice in said end wall and having an open lower end to provide a. gas discharge oriiice below said burner orifice, said tubular member having an aperture through its side wall within said shield member for supplying gas to the interior of said shield member and to said oriices, said burner orifice having a ow capacity less than the flow capacity of said tubular member aperture so that gas will issue from said discharge orifice for ignition external of said shield member whereby a. flame is maintained for reignition of the gas issuing from said burner orifice.

4. A pilot burner comprising a tubular member having an end wall and an open end for connection to a source of gas suply, a cylindrical hollow shield member having a converging end Wall with a central aperture therethrough, said tubular member extending through'and tightly ttingin said aperture with said end walls in spaced relation, said tubular member having an aperture in its side wall Within said shield member and adjacent said shield member end wall, said shield member end wall having an aperture therethrough positioned above said side wall f aperture so that gas issuing from said side wall tive to said shield member aperture for ignition of the gas issuing from said last-named side wall aperture.

5. A pilot burner comprising a tubular member having an end wall and an open end for connection tc a source of gas supply, a cylindrical hollow shield member having a converging end wall with a central aperture therethrough, said tubular member extendingv through and tightly iitting in said aperture with said end walls in spaced relation, said tubular member having a plurality of longitudinally alined apertures in its side wall within said shield member and adjacent said shield member end wall, said shield member end wall having an aperturetherethrough positioned above said side wall aperture so that gas issuing from said side wall aperture will be supplied substantially directly beneath and for discharge through the aperture in said shield member wall, said tubular member having a plurality of longitudinally spaced apertures extending from the lower end portion of said shield member to a' aperture for ignition of the gas issuing from said last-named side wall aperture.

6` A pilot burner comprising a tubular member for connection to a source of gas supply, a shield member having an end wall with an aperture therethrough, said tubular member extending through said aperture and having a portion external of said shield member end wall, said external portionl having a burner orifice, said shield memberhaving an open lower end to provide a gas discharge oriilce below said burner orliice, said tubular member having an aperture through its side wall within said shield member for supplying gas to the interior of said shield member so that gas will issue from said discharge orice for ignition external of said shield member whereby a flame is maintained for reignition of the gas issuing from said burner prince.

7. A pilot burner comprising a tubular member for connection to a source of Gas supply, a shield member having an end wall with an aperture therethrough, said shield member end wall having a burner orice, said tubular member extending through said aperture'and having a portion external of said shield member end wall, said external portion having a burner orice for ignition by the iiame from said first-named burner oriiice, said shield member having an open lower end to provide a gas discharge oriiice below said shield member burner orifice, said tubular member hav ing an aperture throughits side wall within said shield member for supplying gas to the interior

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