US2333741A - Manufacture of cast iron - Google Patents
Manufacture of cast iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2333741A US2333741A US460125A US46012542A US2333741A US 2333741 A US2333741 A US 2333741A US 460125 A US460125 A US 460125A US 46012542 A US46012542 A US 46012542A US 2333741 A US2333741 A US 2333741A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- manganese
- oxide
- manufacture
- cast iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/04—Removing impurities other than carbon, phosphorus or sulfur
Definitions
- the invention relates to the manufacture of .1 m 1101!.
- Manganese usually in the form of ferromariganese, is often added to molten iron during the manufacture of various types of cast irons, to
- manganese is to combine with any sulfur present in the iron and to inhibit to a large extent the adverse eflects which sulfur otherwise would produce. Another reason for adding manganese to cast iron is because of its and general scavenging actions, which have a beneficial eifect on the iron. Manganese is also added to malleable iron compositions for its retarding effect on the conversion of combined carbon to temper carbon during the malleabilizing anneal, when it is desired to produce so-called pearliticmalleable' iron. Dependin: on various factors, from about 0.2% to about 2% of manganese may be added to cast irons for these purposes.
- pinhole porosity a condition in which minute, sometimes microscopic, subcutaneous voids or pinholes" appear in the iron.
- pinholes are quite dlflerent from the ordinary voids and imperfections causeddby improper casting procedure.
- gases in the iron Whatever their cause, they are objectionis achieved by adding to the iron, preferably concurrently with the manganese, a readily re-.
- ducibie metallic oxide such as iron oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide or chromium omde.
- invention has been described with particular referilarly, the invention is not limited to the treatment of pearlitic malleable iron but is also effective' in the treatment of cast irons in general.
- a method of treating a moltencast iron which method comprises adding to said molten iron about 0.2% to 2% manganese and metal oxide in an amount equal to about 0.25%" to of the manganese addition, the oxide addition inhibiting the form pinholes in such iron.
- a method of treating .a molten castiron which method comprises adding to said molten iron about 0.2% to 2% manganese and iron oxide in an amount equal to about 0.25% to 10% of the manganese addition, the oxide addition inhibiting the tendency of the manganese to form pinholes in such iron.
- the' improvement which com-' oxide equal to about 0.25% to 10% of the amount most generally suitable oxide for the practice of the invention is iron oxide, and convenient .sources'ofironoxideareironoresandmill-scaletweenabontone-quarterofonepercentandten per cent of the quantity of manganese added .andotherfactorabutingeneralitwill'bebe" totheiron'.
- 'lhisamoimtfurnishess'uillcient m n to inhibit the formation of pinholes without interfering with the effeptssought bythe addition.
- 'lhcb'eneiitsof-thoinvestion mayalsobe attaincdbyconcurrentb manganesean adding mthroughtheus ofaf of manganese added, to inhibit the formation of pinhole porosity in said iron.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Description
Patented Nov. 9, 1943 2,333,141 monomer or, cssr mom I David B. Beeder, Evanston, lib, assignor to Electro Metallurgical Company, a corporation of No 1mm. Application September 29, 1942, Serial No. 460.125
5 Claims. (oi. 75-130) The invention relates to the manufacture of .1 m 1101!.
Manganese, usually in the form of ferromariganese, is often added to molten iron during the manufacture of various types of cast irons, to
produce divers beneficial effects. One of the important functions of manganese is to combine with any sulfur present in the iron and to inhibit to a large extent the adverse eflects which sulfur otherwise would produce. Another reason for adding manganese to cast iron is because of its and general scavenging actions, which have a beneficial eifect on the iron. Manganese is also added to malleable iron compositions for its retarding effect on the conversion of combined carbon to temper carbon during the malleabilizing anneal, when it is desired to produce so-called pearliticmalleable' iron. Dependin: on various factors, from about 0.2% to about 2% of manganese may be added to cast irons for these purposes.
It has been observed that irons to which fairly largeadditions'of manganese have been made sometimes exhibit what is known as pinhole porosity, a condition in which minute, sometimes microscopic, subcutaneous voids or pinholes" appear in the iron. These pinholes are quite dlflerent from the ordinary voids and imperfections causeddby improper casting procedure. There is some evidence to support the hypothesis that they are caused by gases in the iron. Whatever their cause, they are objectionis achieved by adding to the iron, preferably concurrently with the manganese, a readily re-.
ducibie metallic oxide such as iron oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide or chromium omde. The
that has been partially oxidized, for example by exposure to high temperatures in an oxidizing atmosphere.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention have been demonstrated by tests conducted under commercial conditions. They are obtainable both in the production of pearlitic malleable iron and in other cast irons. Although the in.-
. vention has been described with particular referilarly, the invention is not limited to the treatment of pearlitic malleable iron but is also effective' in the treatment of cast irons in general.
I claim;
1. A method of treating a moltencast iron which method comprises adding to said molten iron about 0.2% to 2% manganese and metal oxide in an amount equal to about 0.25%" to of the manganese addition, the oxide addition inhibiting the form pinholes in such iron.
2. A method of treating .a molten castiron which method comprises adding to said molten iron about 0.2% to 2% manganese and iron oxide in an amount equal to about 0.25% to 10% of the manganese addition, the oxide addition inhibiting the tendency of the manganese to form pinholes in such iron.
3. In the method of producing pearlitic malleable iron which comprises adding manganese to a molten iron, the' improvement which com-' oxide equal to about 0.25% to 10% of the amount most generally suitable oxide for the practice of the invention is iron oxide, and convenient .sources'ofironoxideareironoresandmill-scaletweenabontone-quarterofonepercentandten per cent of the quantity of manganese added .andotherfactorabutingeneralitwill'bebe" totheiron'. 'lhisamoimtfurnishess'uillcient m n to inhibit the formation of pinholes without interfering with the effeptssought bythe addition. 'lhcb'eneiitsof-thoinvestionmayalsobe attaincdbyconcurrentb manganesean adding mthroughtheus ofaf of manganese added, to inhibit the formation of pinhole porosity in said iron.
4. In the method .of.producing pearlitic ma1-' leable iron which comprises adding manganese to a molten iron, the improvement which comprisesadding to said iron in conjunction with said manganese addition. fa quantity of iron oxide equal to about 0.25% to 10% of the amount of manganese added. to inhibit the formation of pinhole poroslty'in said iron. 7
5. In amethod of treating a molten cast iron which method comprises adding to such-iron a minor but substantial amount of manganese to produce desired metallurgical eflects, the said addition of manganese also tending to promote the formation of undesirable pinholes in such iron, the improvement which comprises adding .to such iron in admixture with the manganese manganese. A
, 1 :nsvm 13.3mm.
tendency of the manganese .to
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US460125A US2333741A (en) | 1942-09-29 | 1942-09-29 | Manufacture of cast iron |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US460125A US2333741A (en) | 1942-09-29 | 1942-09-29 | Manufacture of cast iron |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2333741A true US2333741A (en) | 1943-11-09 |
Family
ID=23827477
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US460125A Expired - Lifetime US2333741A (en) | 1942-09-29 | 1942-09-29 | Manufacture of cast iron |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2333741A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3219438A (en) * | 1962-09-27 | 1965-11-23 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Method of producing rimmed steel |
US3877933A (en) * | 1973-09-21 | 1975-04-15 | Int Nickel Co | Metallurgical addition product |
US4290803A (en) * | 1979-06-29 | 1981-09-22 | Nisshin Steel Company, Ltd. | Process for dephosphorization and denitrification of chromium-containing pig iron |
-
1942
- 1942-09-29 US US460125A patent/US2333741A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3219438A (en) * | 1962-09-27 | 1965-11-23 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Method of producing rimmed steel |
US3877933A (en) * | 1973-09-21 | 1975-04-15 | Int Nickel Co | Metallurgical addition product |
US4290803A (en) * | 1979-06-29 | 1981-09-22 | Nisshin Steel Company, Ltd. | Process for dephosphorization and denitrification of chromium-containing pig iron |
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