US2288069A - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

June 30, 1942. R. E. BRWNING c-RUsHER Filed June .'50, 1939 4 Sheets-Shea?l 1 June 3Q, 1942. R. E. BRowNlNG 2,288,069

CRUSHER Filed June so, 1939 4 sheets-sheet 2 w INVENTOR RAYMONDEBROWHING www@ ATTORNEY FIGLE June 30, 1942. R. E. BRowNlNG CRUSHER 4 SheetS-Sheetl 3 Filed June 30, 1959 FIGLI);

I NVE N 'I0 R RAYMON D. EBROWNING BY Q June 30, 1942., R. E. BROWNING 2,288,069

` CRUSHER A Filed June' so, 1959 4 sheets-sheet 2i Y FIGA INVEN TGR RAYMONDIEBROWNING AT TO RN EY Y. Patented June 30, 1942 'uNiTEo STATE s 7 PATENT OFFICE CBUSHER Raymond E. Browning, Verdun, Quebec, Canada Application June 30, 1939, Serial No. 282,227

(ci. :i3-1o)v 10 Claims.

Another object of the invention is to provide.

a crusher capable oftaking rock from runof mine or vfrom a primary jaw crusher and performing a high ratio of reduction thereon in one pass through the crushing zone, said crusher being also adapted to crush rock or other crushable particles from a normal feed size to a mesh size much smaller than is possible in a single pass with known types of Crushers.

A further object is to provide a generally improved crusher which makes it possible to dispense with considerable intermediate. equipment commonly employed in rock crushing operations such, for example, as the shaker screens, crushing rolls, ball mills, conveyors and dust fans.

A still further object is to provide a crusher designed to permit use of anti-friction bearings in Fig. 3, said view being partly in side elevation Y and partly in vertical section.

Figure 5 is a detail view showing part of the hinge connection between the frame and the mantle assembly appearing in Figs. 2 and 3.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a complete crusher equipped with a mantle assembly and locking'means of the type shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

In the construction shown in Figure l, 5 desig-f nates a cylindricalframe provided with a bottom cover plate 6. A sleeve 1 is supported in said frame as indicated at 8 and has its upper portion shaped to provide spherically curved bearing surfaces 9 and I0. A vertically extending shaft II is centered in sleeve 1 by the shaft bearings I2, I3 and I4. That portion of shaft vII which lies below the top plane of bearing I4 is mounted to turn about a central vertical axis I5 which also constitutesthe central vertical axis of frame 5 and sleeve 1.. That portion of shaft II which k projects above bearing I4 comprises a collar I6 for mounting all rotating parts so that the power required to operatethe crusher is considerably reduced as compared with prevailing standards.

A further object of the invention is to provide a Crusher embodying a novel lubricating system for ensuring adequate lubrication of all moving parts.

Another object is to provide a crusher of the gyratory type in which the upper crushing member is mounted so that it may be conveniently displaced to an out-of-the-way position whenever it is desired to have free access to the inner crushing member for cleaning, inspection or other purposes.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a Crusher in which the component parts are designed so that they may be manufactured and assembled at minimum expense and with a minimum amount of labor. l

Proceeding now to a more detailed description of this invention reference will be had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a cross sectional view of one form of Crusher embodying my invention.

Figures 2 and 3 are views similar to Fig. l but showing certain modifications in respect to the construction and arrangement of the mantle assembly and other parts.

Figure 4. is a further view of a crusher shown having an inclined upper surface I1 surmounted by an inclined cylindrical portion I8, the central axis I9 of which is obliquely inclined so that it intersects the vertical axis I5 at the focal point 20. It is also important to note that focal point 20 lies below the crushing head assembly hereinafter referred to and also constitutes the centre of curvature of the bearing surfaces 9 and I0 provided at the upper end of sleeve 1.

The crushing head assembly is generally indicated at 2I. It comprises a head liner 22, a head carrier 23 and a downwardly and outwardly flaring crushing head 24. Liner 22 is fastened to the head carrier 23 by bolts 25 and is provided with a curved bearing surface 26 in contact with the bearing surface 9 of sleeve 1. The head carrier 23, through head liner 22, is supported on the sleeve bearing surface 9 which is in contact with the liner bearing 'surface 26. It will also be noted that the skirt portion 23a of head carrier 23 is provided with a spherically curved surface 28 opposed to and concentric with the curved surface I0 of sleeve 1. The crushing head 24 is fastened to head carrier 23 by fastening screw 30. As clearly shown in the drawings, the mounting of the crushing head assembly. 2| is such that this assembly is free to turn relatively to shaft II and about an axis coinciding with the aforesaid oblique axis I9. It will also be noted `that the head assemblyfZI is mounted, by means of the spherically curved bearing surfaces 9, I0, 2li and 28, to oscillate about a centre of oscillation coinciding with the focal point 20. Shaft II is supported from the crushing head assembly 2| by combined radial and end thrust bearing 21.

The lower portion of shaft is keyed to a hub member 3| which is centered with reference to the axis 5 and supported in place by the bearings |2 and I3. A driven bevel gear 32 is fixed to hub member 3| in mesh with a driving bevel pinion 33 fixed to the inner end of a coundelivered through oil pipe 44 to a horizontal oil passage 45 provided in cover 6. Part of the oil thus supplied to passage 45 passes through port 46 to the lower end of an oil port 41 extending through shaft The upper end of port 41 is partially blocked by an adjustable plug 48 to provide a restricted outlet 48a through which the oil passes from port 41 over the top of the shaft to thevarious bearings by which said shaft is centered and supported in place. A portion of the oil supplied to passage 45 also flows through ports 49, 58 and 5| to an oilgroove 52 provided in the spherical bearing surface 9. Groove 52 is connected to relief valve 53 by means of oil passage 54 and pipe 54a. Oil escaping through relief valve 53 is conducted, through pipe 54h, to countershaft housing 36 and serves to lubricate bearings 31 and 38 and spiral gears 42 and 43. 'I'he restricted outlet at the upper end of oil port 41 and the relief valve 53 serve lto maintain a definite oil pressure in groove 52 which is sumcient to ensure adequate lubrication of the bearing surfaces 9 and 26. The pipe 54a connected between relief valve 53 and passage 54 is equipped with a pressure gauge 59.

A second oil groove 55 is provided in bearing surface 9 opposite an inwardly facing annular groove 5B formed in the mantle'carrier 23 above the spherically curved surfaces I0 and 28. 'I'he grooves 56 provides clearance for an oil retaining ring 51 which is carried by sleeve 1 and pro# jects above the outer lower edge ,portion of liner 22. Drain holes 58 lead from the bottom of groove 55 to points within sleeve 1 located above the bearing |3.

An adjustable mantle assembly A is supported on the upper end of frame 5. 'I'his assembly includes a downwardly and outwardly fiaring mantle 62 which is fastened to mantle carrier 63 by lugs 64 and U-bolts 85. The mantle carrier 63 is provided with an externally threaded portion 66 in screw threaded engagement with a plurality of internally threaded segments 61 provided with sloping lower surfaces 68 resting on a similarly sloping surface 69 provided at the inner upper edge portion of a bull ring 18. The lower surface of bull ring 18 is shaped to provide an annular bearing surface including an upper curved portion 1| and a lower conical portion 1|a which are held, by bolts 13 and springs 14, in contact with complementary portions 12 and 12a of a similar bearing surface provided at the upper end of frame 5. The threaded segments -61 are provided with outer inclined sides 15 in wedging engagement with the inclined inner surface 16 of a wedging or gripping ring 11 which is fastened to bull rings by bolts 18. Dowels ring 82 which is rotatable thereon. Adjusting ring 82 is provided with an inwardly projecting lug 83 slidably fitted in a vertical guideway 84 of the mantle carrier 63. Adjusting ring 82 is also provided with peripheral gear teeth 85 meshing with a pinion 86 rotatably carried by the upper portion of a shaft 81. The lower portion of shaft 81 is iixedin a socket 88 carried by the grip ring 11.

The upper portion of mantle carrier 63 is shaped to form a hopper 89 having its upper edge fitted in a channel shaped dust excluding ring 89a which also fits over the upper edge of the adjusting ring 82. Mantle carrier 83 is also provided, adjacent its lower end, with an outwardly facing annular groove containing a sealing strip 63a of resilient material. This strip bears against the inner surface of the bull ring 18 and serves as a dust seal.

When it is desired to raise or lower the mantle 62 this is accomplished vby rotating pinion 86 which, in turn, rotates the adjusting ring 82. The mantle carrier 63 being slidably keyed to rotate with the adjusting ring 82, is raised or lowered by reason of its threaded connection with the segments 61, the direction of adjustment of the mantle carrier being dependent on the d1- rection of turning movement imparted to the pinion 86. When the mantle carrier has been adjusted to the desired position, it is locked in place by tightening the bolts 18. This draws the gripping ring 11 downwardly toward the bull ring 10 and the resulting relative movement between the inclined surface 16 of the gripping ring and the engaging inclined sides 15 of the segments 61 causes the latter to be forced inwardly into tight gripping engagement with the threaded portion 66 of the mantle carrier 63. v

From the foregoing description it will be manifest that the mantle assembly A is supported and located by the annular curved bearing surface 1|, 1|a, 12, and 12a. It will also be seen that the springs 14 permit the mantle assembly to move crushable material is fed into the crushing zone B formed by and between the spaced opposing surfaces of the inner and outer crushing members afforded by the crushing head 24 and the mantle 62.

In the operation of the crusher shown in Fig, 1 the outer end of countershaft 34 is coupled to a prime mover (not shown) and driven in the direction indicated by the arrows C. This rotation of countershaft 34 is transmitted to the crusher head shaft through the agency of the bevel pinion 33, gear 32, and hub 3|, the latter being keyed to shaft I as indicated at 1a. As the lower portion of shaft |I rotates about its vertical axis I5, the obliquely inclined axis |9 of the crushing head assembly 2| gyrates about the focal point 20. It will also be noted that the crushing head assembly 2| is free to rotate about its gyrating axis I9 and, during gyration of such axis, has an oscillating motion over the spherically curved surfaces 9 and l0 of the sleeve 1. The gyratory movement of the axis |9 and the upper inclined portion oi' shaft is transmitted relatively to the frame 5 when nonto the crushing head assembly 2| by the antifrictlon bearing 21. It is important to note that all parts of the crushing head assembly 2| are concentric with the axis I9 which intersects the vertical axis I5 at the focal point 20. "All portions ofthe crushing head assembly 2| are therefore located at a xed distance from said focal point 20 which, as previously stated, is the centre of curvature of the spherical bearing surfaces 9 and I provided at the upper end of the sleeve 1 and the cooperating spherical bearing surfaces 26 and 28 of the head liner 22 and head carrier 23. During the crushing operation the spherical bearingsurface 9 at the upper end-of sleeve 1 carries all the-crushing forces which are not carried by the anti-friction bearing 21. During the oscillating motion of the crushing head assembly 2| the engaging spherical bearing surfaces 9 and 26 of sleeve 1 andhead liner 22 are adequately lubricated by oil supplied to annular groove 52.'

The action of the crusher described herein is unique in that the particles of ore or other material supplied to the crushing zone B are subjected to crushing, shearing and twisting forces by the opposing surfacesof the inner and outer crushing members 24` and 62. The crushing aetion is due to the manner in which the clearance between the opposing surfaces of the inner and outer crushing members is varied by the oscillating motion of the crushing head assembly. The shearing action is due to the fact that the relative arrangement and motion of the opposing surfaces of the inner and outer crushing members is such that these surfaces cannot make normal approach to each other. The twisting action is due to the Obliquity of the gyrating axis |9 of the crushing head assembly with reference to the focal point 20 and the vertical axis I5 about which the outer crushing member or mantle 62 is centered. The results obtained with a crusher designed in accordance with this invention are dependent, to some extent, upon the angles of the crushing members 24 and 62; the amount and period of the oscillation of the crushing member 24 due to the speed of shaft Il; and the Obliquity of the axis I9 about which the crushing member 24 is free to rotate. However, it appears that the successful performance and unique crushing action of the crusher described herein is mainly due to the fact that the common focal point of the gyratory and oscillating motions of crushing head 24 lies on or near the vertical axis |5` of the outer crushing member 62at a point 20 below the crushing zone B.

In Figs. 2 to 6 inclusive, the mantle assembly A is shown hinged to frame 5 so that said assembly may be swung to an out-of-the-way position to give free access to the crushing head 24 whenever this is necessary for cleaning, inspection or other purposes. In this case the mantle carrier 63 is supported for vertical adjustment by a split clamping nut 90, the split ends 9| of which are drawn together by the clamping bolt 92 and clamping nut 93 (see Figs. 5 and 6) The mantle carrier 63 and nut 90 are in screw threaded engagement with each other as indicated at 94 so that the mantle carrier may be adjusted by turning it relatively to said nut. The split ends 9| of clamping nut 90 are provided with lugs 95 mounted to swing about a hinge axis afforded by hinge bolt 96 passing therethrough. Bolt 96 also passes through the eyes 91 of a pair of eye bolts 98 extending downwardly through a shelf or bracket member 99 formed integral with frame 5. The lower portions of bolts 98aml encircled by springs |00 which are in compression between nuts |0| fixed 'to the lower ends of said bolts and suitable spring seat members |02 cast integral with the frame 5. A torsionspring |03 is arranged on the central portion of the hinge pin 96 as shown in Fig. 5 so that this spring normally tends to swing the hinged mantle assembly toward the dotted line position indicated at X in Figs. 2 and 3. When the mantle assembly is in its operative position the clamping. nut 90 is supported and centralized by 'the upper end of frame 5 and is secured in place by fastening means.

generally indicated at 90a.` Such fastening means comprises a pair of cam lugs |05 carried` by clamping nut 90 and adapted to be engaged beneath locking rollers |06 carried by locking levers |01. As here shown each roller |06 is carried between the upper ends of a pair of side plates |08 formed integral with-one of the locking levers. the lower ends of said plates ybeing pivoted as at |09 to the head of an eye bolt ||0 whichl extends downwardly through a bracket formed integral with the frame 5.. The portion of the eye bolt extending` beneath the bracket I is encircled by a spring ||2 which is confined in compressionl between said bracket and a nut ||3 at the lower end of the bolt.

When Vthe mantle assembly and locking means are arranged in the full `line positionshown. in Figs. 2 to 6 inclusive, the lugs |05 of the clamping nut 90 are'held down by the rollers |06 so that the mantle assembly is locked against swingingmovement aboutthehingebolt 96. When it is desired to release the mantle assembly for swinging movement the locking levers I01,are swung downwardly to shift the rollers |06 to the dotted line position Y shownin Figs. 2 and 3. In this position the rollers |06 are clear of the cam lugs |05 so that the mantle assembly is free to be swung to an out-of-the-way position about its hinge bolt 96.

When the hinged mantleassembly is vlocked in its operative position it is capable of a slight vertical movement with reference to the frame 5 owing to the fact that the clamping nut90 is yieldingly held to the upper end of frame 5 by the cover 6. The suction side of the pump, is connected by port I5 to a sump ||6'which,"in

the springs |00 and ||2.

Fig. 2 also shows a slight modification of the oiling system. A pump ||4 is` provided within turn, communicates with the-interior of the countershaft housing 36 by way of passage ||1 and port I8. In this case the oil which is delivered to the countershaft housing 36 vthrough the relief valve 53 drains into the sump I|6 andk is returned to the suction side of the pump ||4. The oil port 41 of crusher shaft (Fig. 2) is provided, atits lower end, with branches 41a communicating with a space |20 to which-oil is I delivered from the pressure side of 4pump ||4 by wayofportl2l.

In Fig. 2 the pressure gauge, instead of being connected between the groove 52 and the relief valve 53, is connected by port |22 to the port 5| by which oil' issupplied to said groove from the pressure side of the pump.' In Fig.`2 .the drain holes 58 lead 'from the bottom of groove 55 to the space between the bevelgear 32 and the shaft bearing I3.

' Except as regards the modifications specifically pointed out in the foregoing description, the crusher shown in Fig. 2 is substantially the same as the crusher shown in Fig. 1 and operates on the same principle.

The crusher shown in Fig. 3 embodies certain modifications in respect to the oil system and the mounting of the crushing head assembly. In this case a journal bushing |40 is mounted in a frame |4| to rotate about a vertical axis |8a. The crushing head carrier 23 is provided with a tapered shaft |42 mounted to rotate within the inclined tapered bore |23 of bushing |40. The inclination of bore |23 is such that the crushing head assembly comprising the head carrier 23, the crushing head 24 and shaft |42l are mounted to rotate about an obliquely inclined axis lila which intersects the axis |8a at a focal point 20a located below the crushing zone B. The frame |4| corresponds to the previously mentioned sleeve 1 and frame 5 (which are integral in this design) and'is provided with spherically curved bearing surfaces 9a and |0a engaging correspondingly curved .bearing surfaces 23a and 23h of the crushing head carrier 23. Shaft |42 is secured in place at its lower end by a bearing |25 and nut |25a so that said shaft is free to turn about the obliquely inclined axis |9a. A driven bevel gear 32 (corresponding to that described in connection with Figs. 1 and 2) is fixed to the lower portion of journalbushing |40 and meshes with the bevel driving pinion 33 at the inner end of countershaft 34. The lower end of frame |4| is closed by a hollow cover 6a on which the journal bushing |40 is supported through the agency of an anti-friction thrust bearing |26. An oil pump |21 is mounted in cover 6a at the lower end of journal bushing |40, the driving spindle |20 of said pump being non-rotatably connected to the bottom wall of said cover. Oil, discharged from the pressure side of pump |21, through discharge port |29, flows through passages |30, |3|, |32 and |33 to the contacting surfaces of shaft 42 and journal bushing |40. The bearing surfaces of the4 frame |4| and journal bushing |40 are also lubricated by oil supplied through passages |34 and |34a. Oil forced upwardly between the contacting surfaces of the frame |4|, bushing |40 and shaft |42 is conducted, by oil passages |36, to groove 52a to ensure adequate lubrication of the spherically curved bearing surfaces 9a and |0a provided at the spherical portion of the upper end of frame |4|. The groove 55a shown in Fig. 3 corresponds to the groove 55 described in connection with Fig. 2 and is provided with drain openings 55h through which oil is returned through the space |31 and port |38 to a sump |39 provided by the interior of the cover Ba, said sump being in open communication with the intake port of pump |21. As will be apparent from Fig. 4 the oil is conducted from the groove 33a (Fig. 3) to the countershaft housing 36 by way of port 54, relief valve 53, and port 54b.

I: is obvious that the crushing action of the crusher shown in Fig. 3 is substantially the same asthe crusher shown in Figs. 1 and 2 since, in the construction shown in Fig. 3, the crushing head 24 is mounted so that it is free to rotate about the gyratory axis |9a and also has an oscillating motion about the focal point 20a which corresponds to the previously mentioned focal point 20, and is similarly located.

Having thus described what I now consider to be the preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that various modifications may be resorted to within the scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

.ing member and having a Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A crusher comprising a frame, an outer annular crushing member mounted on said frame. a shaft rotatably journalled centrally of said crushing member, an eccentric on said shaft disposed at an angle thereto, and a crushing head assembly Ifreely rotatable about said eccentric, said frame and crushing head assembly being provided with contacting spherically curved bearing surfaces by means of which said assembly is supported on said frame for oscillating movement relative thereto and about a focal point which is located below and constitutes the centre of oscillation of saidv assembly and which also constitutes the centre of curvature of said spherically curved bearing surfaces.l

2. A crusher comprising a frame, an outer annular crushing member mounted on said frame, a stationary crusher head support having a rigid spherical crusher head supporting surface, a crusher head having a mating rigid spherical surface supported on said rst mentioned surface, a rotary shaft journalled in said frame and having an eccentric portion disposed on an axis at an angle to the axis of the remaining portion of said shaft, said eccentric portion being adapted to receive and oscillate said crushing head as,- sembly about a focal point which is located below and constitutes the centre of oscillation of said assembly, said focal point also coinciding with the centre of curvature of said bearing surfaces.

3. A crusher comprising a frame, an outer annular crushing member mounted on said frame, a shaft journalled centrally of said crushing member, an eccentric on said shaft disposed at an angle thereto, a combined radial and end thrust bearing mounted on said eccentric, a crusher head assembly freely rotatable about said bearing, said crushing head assembly being provided with a concave spherical bearing surface which' is immovable with respect to said assembly and is disposed in contact with a convex spherical bearing surface which is supported by and rigid with respect to said frame, and a combined radial and end thrust .bearing encircling and positioning a portion of the shaft located adjacent said bearing surfaces, and means including said shaftand said eccentric for oscillating the crushing head assembly about a focal point which is located below said assembly and coincides with the centre of curvature of said spherical bearing surfaces.

4. A crusher comprising a frame, an outer substantially conical crushing member mounted on said frame so that its central axis is vertical, said frame including a hollow shaft receiving portion provided, at its upper end, with a convex spherical bearing surface curved about a centre which lies on the vertical axis of said crushing member at a point below said surface, a crusher head assembly arranged within said outer crushface which is supported on said first mentioned surface and is curved about the same centre, said crushing head assembly being slidably and `rotatably mounted on said shaft receiving portion by said spherical bearing permanently tilted so that its tation is inclined to intersect the central axis of the outer crushing member at the centre of curvature of said spherical surfaces, and a shaft having a lower vertical portion journalled in the shaft receiving portion' of the frame to rotate about a central vertical axis coinciding with the surfaces and being central axis of roconvex spherical sur` aasaoae central axis of the outer crushing member and an upper eccentric shaft portion journalled in said crusher head assembly, said eccentric shaft portion being inclined so that its central axis coincides with the central axis of the crusher head assembly and intersects the' central axis of the lower shaft portion at the centre of curvature of said spherical surfaces and means for rotating said shaft about its central vertical axis.

5. A crusher comprising a frame, an outer substantially conical crushing member mounted on said frame so that its central axis is vertical, said frame including a hollow shaft receiving portion provided, at its upper end, with a spherical bearing surface curved. about a centre which lies on the central vertical axis of said crushing member at a point below said surface, a crusher head assembly arranged within said outer crushing member and having a spherical surface which is supported on said rst mentioned surface and is curved about the same centre, said crushing head assembly being slidably and rotatably mounted on said shaft receiving portion and being tilted so that its central axis of rotation is inclined to intersect the central axis of the outer crushing member at the centre of curvature of said spherical surfaces, an inclined shaft extending downwardly from said crushing head assembly into the said shaft receiving portion of the frame, a bushing rotatably mounted in the said shaft receiving portion of the frame and provided with an inclined bore in which said inclined shaft is rotatably tted, and means for rotating said bushing relatively to said frame.

6. A crusher comprising a frame, an outer downwardly and outwardly aring conical crushing member mounted on said frame so that its central axis is vertical, said frame including'a hollow shaft-receiving crushing head support provided at its upper end with two annular convex spherical bearing surfaces which are of different radii but are curved about a common centre which lies on the central vertical axis of said crushing member at a point below said surfaces, the inner of said surfaces being of considerably greater area but of less radius than the outer surface, a crusher head assembly arranged within said outer crushing member, said crushing head assembly comprising a head carrier and a crushing head mounted thereon, said head carrier being provided with an inner annular concave spherical bearing surface resting on the inner spherical bearing surface of said support and with a depending skirt portion extending below said concave bearing surface and provided, at its lower end, with a second concave spherical bearing surface opposed to the outer convex bearing surface of said support, said crushing head assembly being slidably and rotatably mounted on said support by the inner spherical bearing surfaces of said elements and being pertween the inner said outer spherical bearing surfaces thereof, said crusher head support being also provided with an oil supply port leading to the inner spherical bearingv Surface thereof and with an oil drain port leading from said channel.

8. A crusher as set forth in claim 6 in which the crusher head support is provided with an annular channel located between the inner and y outer spherical bearing surfaces thereof and with an annular sealing ring surrounding said channel and projecting thereabove, said sealing ring being located inwardly of the outer spherical bearing surface of said support and being adapted to extend upwardly within the skirt portion of said head carrier.

9. A crusher comprising a frame, an outer downwardly and outwardly aring conical crushing member mounted on said frame so that its central axis is vertical, a crusher head shaft rotatably mounted in said frame and comprising a vertically extending lower portion whose central axis coincides with the central axis of said outer crushing member and an inclined upper portion about which an inner conical crushing member is concentrically mounted for free rotation, said inner` crushing member presenting a downwardly and outwardly flaring' crushing surface opposed to the downwardly and outwardly aring surface of the outer member and the central axis of the upper portion of said crusher head shaft being obliquely inclined so that it intersects the vertical axis of the outer crushing member at a focal point located below the crushing zone formed by and between the opposing surface of the two crushing members, said crusher being further characterized in that the inner crushing member is supported for oscillating movement by spherically curved bearing surfaces whose centre of curvature coincides with said focal point, one of said bearing surfaces constituting a rigid part of said frame and the other of said bearing surfaces being rigid with the inner crushing member.

10. A crusher comprising a frame, an outer downwardly and outwardly flaring conical crushing member mounted on said frame so that its central axis is vertical, said frame including a substantially centrally disposed vertically exmanently tilted so that its central axis of rotakprovided with an annular channel located betending hollow shaft reciving crushing head support provided at its upper end with a convex spherical bearing surface which is immovable with respect t0 said support, an inner conical crushing member arranged within said outer member and presenting a downwardly and outwardly flaring crushing surface opposed to the downwardly and outwardly flaring surface of the outer member, said inner crushing member being provided with a concave spherical bearing surface which is immovable with respect to said member and is disposed to rest on said rst mentioned spherical bearing surface, said inner crushing member being slidably and rotatably mounted on said support by said spherical bearing surfaces and being permanently tilted so that its central axis of rotation is inclined to intersect the central axis of the outer crushing member at the centre of curvature of said spherical bearing surfaces and means, including a shaft journalled in said support for oscillating said inner crushing head so that its central axis describes an inverted cone having its apex at the centre of RAYMOND E. BROWNING.

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