US2159526A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

(5. A. HUMASON May 23, 1939.

' PUMP Original Filed Dec.

30, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l h m m W M 3 w L a f m M W L O 0 7 b M a/ 3 m y a 1 4 w 8 5% Mn o o N 2 7 0 Mn 4 3 A 2 20 4 3 WW A a l M ,5 4 a o o o M y 1 y W Patented May 23, 1939 PATENT OFFICE PUMP Granville A. Humason, Houston, Tex.

Original application December 30, 1935, Serial No. 56,655. Divided and this application February 13, 1937, Serial No. 125,592

6 Claims.

The invention relates to pumps for use in pumping deep wells and relates particularly to reciprocating pumps wherein the use of air as a lifting fluid may also be employed.

It is an object of the invention to provide a deep well reciprocating pump which may be operated at the surface by fluid pressure.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a pump of this character wherein air may be introduced during the pumping operation to 1 assist in lifting the liquid from the well to the surface.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an efficient type of counterbalance which may be my pump.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a pump of this character which may, when desired, be operated by other means than fluid pressure when occasion arises, said pump being balanced in its operation.

The invention resides in the particular construction which has been employed whereby the pump may be'adapted for use with the ordinary well installation without material change.

Referring to the drawings herewith,

Fig. 1 is aside view partly in elevation and partly in central vertical section showing one form of my apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a similar side elevation, partly in section, showing a somewhat different embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the lower portion of the tubing showing a pump plunger which may be employed in carrying out the invention;

This is a division of my co-pending application Serial No. 56,655, for Combination well head and Christmas tree, filed on December 30, 1935.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1 there is a well casing 2 which may be understood as extending downwardly into the well to be pumped. Said casing has at its upper end a casing head I, the lower end of which is cylindrical for engagement'with the casing, the body, however, being flared upwardly to provide a seat for the pumping installation. The lower cylindrical portion of the casing head I is provided with laterally extending flow pipes 13 having therein valves M by which the flow of liquid to and from the casing may be controlled.

Above the cylindrical lower end of the casing head I and within the flared portion there are two further flow pipes connected therewith and easily adapted for operation in connection with shown at 9, said pipes also have hand-controlled valves l0 therein. These pipes provide a passage for fluid from the inner tubing 6 which it supported in the casing head.

The tubing 6 is supported at its upper end by the hanger. 5a, which is formed on its outer periphery to fit within the downwardly tapered portion of the casing head I. Said hanger includes a tubular body on the outer periphery of which are annular packing recesses to receive the packing members H a and I211. The lower packing member l2a is held within its recess in the hanger by a lower threaded ring or nut 40 threaded upon the lower end of the hanger body and adapted to flt within the casing head. .The upper ring I la is held in its recess by the ring 39 threaded upon the outer surface of the hanger and having a radial flange l5a secured to the flange 4 upon the casing head by means of bolts Hi.

The hanger body 5a has a circumferential groove I on its outer surface at the elevation of the lateral pipes 9. There are passages 8 leading from the interior of the hanger radially outward to connect with the grooves 1 whereby fluid may be discharged from the tubing 6. 1

At the upper end of the hanger the interior passage therethrough is threaded to receive the housing 34a. Said housing is a tubular member having lateral branches 39, 39 with valves 43, 43

, therein. Above the pipes 39 the housing is extended upwardly a suitable distance and has secured at its upper end a head with lateral branches 52 and 53. Above these branches the head is formed with a stufiing box 5| to form a seal about an innerpump rod. The pump rod extends downwardly through the stufiing box and the housing and has within the housing a piston formed thereon. Said piston has on its outer surface a series of packing rings 35a secured thereon to make a fluid tight sliding seal with the inner wall of the housing. It will be seen that the housing 34a acts as a cylinder within which the piston upon the pump rod may reciprocate.

The pump rod is hollow from a point immediately abovea piston downwardly into the well, said hollow portion being designated as 2.6a. From Fig. 3 it will be seen that the hollow portion of the pump rod is secured at its lower end to a special coupling which is screwed over the upper end of the shank of the pump plunger 30. The coupling has two lateral branches 58 therein which are directed upwardly to discharge fluid introduced through the hollow sucker rod 26a in an upward direction through the stream of fluid which is being raised by the plunger.

The hollow portion 26a of the pump rod forms a close sealing engagement with the interior of the pump hanger through sealing rings 4| set within the inner portion of the hanger and compressed into sealing engagement by the gland 42. I am thereby enabled to pump liquid under-pressure through either or both of the pipes 39 to engage below 'the piston 3501. upon the pump rod and move the same upwardly to raise the pump liquid under pressure downwardly through the hollow sucker rod and upwardly through the passages 58 at the upper end of the pump plunger. Where air is thus discharged it will assist in aerating the column of liquid being pumped and assist in the pumping operation. In order to counterbalance the pump rod and thus more effectively operate the pump I have attached to the upper end of the rod a yoke 41, at the outer ends of which are secured two rods 46, which areextended downwardly to engage with the arms formed upon the ring 44. Said ring encircles the housing 34a and is adapted to reciprocate verti-- 'cally thereon. -I place anti-friction rollers 45 on the interior of the ring 44 to bear against the outer wall of .the housing and thus form an antifriction guide for the ring 44.

Secured upon the ring 44 at any desired point I I place two laterally extending trunnions to which are secured cables 48 which are placed-around upper pulleys 49 and have at their free ends depending weights 50. Said weights may be regulated to counterbalance the load of the, pump rod. with reference particularly to Fig 1, it will be seen that as the pump rod is moved upwardly in the operation thereof it will, through the yoke 41, the rods 46, and the lower ring 44,

,operate to raise and lower the weights 5!], said weights thus counterbalancing the weight of the rod and assisting in the pumping operation.-

In Fig. 2, I have shown a slightly difierent embodiment of the invention in which the hanger 5 is formed With the flange l5 integral therewith so that it may be bolted to the flange 4 on the casing head. Withinthe upper end of the hanger 5 is secured the bushing 3|, which has a laterally extending inlet pipe 38 connected therewith. On

the inner portion of the bushing is a stuiflng box comprising packing rings 32 and a ring-shaped gland 33, which comprises the packing into sealing engagement with the pump rod. The hanger 5 has packing rings H on its .outer periphery which assists in forming a seal with the casing head.

The housing or cylinder 34 is screwed directly in the upper end of the bushing 3| and has toward its upper end laterally extending pipes 52 and 53 connected therewith. Within the pipe 52 Ihave shown a check valve 54 permitting the flow of fluid inwardly to the interior of the cylinder. The pipe 53 has a check valve 55 therein allowing the passage of fluid outwardly from the cylinder. 56 outside the check valve 55 whereby the flow of fluid may be entirely out off when desired. There is a stufling box 5| at the upper end of the cyl- I have also shown a hand-operated valveinder or housing 34 to seal about the pump rod. In this particular embodiment I have shown a cable 48 secured to the upper end of the pump rod so that when desired the pump rod may be reciprocated from outside means, such as the usual walking beam, or similar device.

In the operation of this form of the invention the piston 35 is reciprocated within the cylinder 34, said piston including packing rings held betweenfollower plates 36 and 31 upon the pump rod 261:. At a point above the piston is a hole 51 leading to the interior of the hollow rod through which fluid under pressure can be forced by way of the pipe 52. Where the pipe 56 is left open fluid may also find an outlet through the pipe 53. y

In connection with the equipment forming the subject matter of this invention it will be noted that the provision for introducing an operating fluid into the liquid being pumped is shown in part in, my prior patent, Reissue No. 15,095, re-

issued under date of April 26, 1921.

It willalso be seen that when desired a flre extinguishing agent may be introduced under pressure through one of the lines 9 and out through the other line 9 leading to an oil tank or other oil reservoir for the purpose of extinguishing a flre should the oil in said tank become ignited.

' The advantages of my invention lie in the simple and compact arrangement whereby fluid pressure may be employed in operating the pump plunger and it will be understood that the, cylinder orhousing 34 or 34a may be of any length desired so that a long orshort' stroke of the pump plunger may be obtained as desired. It will alsobe obvious that the manner of counterbalancing the operation of the pump rod is a simple and convenient one which is economical to install. Furthermore, although air, gas or other fluid maybe employed in assisting in the pumping operation, it is obvious that the open- 'ing s 51 or 59 in the pump rod may be closed and the use of an air lift in connection with.the pumping operation maybe dispensed with. In such case, the openings 59 may be omitted and fluid pressure from above may be exerted upon the pump plunger in connection with the pumping operation whenever such use becomes desirable. My device is therefore a simple and convenient installation whereby the pumping may be most efficiently carried out.

What is claimed as new is:

1. A deep well pump comprising a casing head having an inside seat and an outlet, a tubular hanger on said seat for supporting a tubing in the well, a tubing on said hanger, said hanger having an outlet in communication with said casing head outlet for the outflow of fluid from the tubing, a cylinder associated with said hanger, a piston in said cylinder, a pump rod for connecting said piston to a pump in the well, a plunger on said rod hydraulically 'operated means to operate said piston to operate said pump plunger, and means supported on the hanger and effective to deliver fluidunder pressure into the well liquid to assist in discharging said liquid from the well. 2

2. A device of the character described comprising a casing head adapted to be attached to a casing in a well having an inside seat and an from the tubing, a cylinder supported on the hanger, a pump in the well having a pump rod which works through the hanger and cylinder, a piston in the cylinder on said puinp rod, upper and lower packing surrounding the pump rod above and beneath said piston, means for introducing an operating fluid into the cylinder beneath the piston, intake and discharge lines connected into the cylinder betweenthe piston and the upper packing and back pressure valves controlling said inflow and discharge lines.

3. A device of the character described comprising a casing head adapted to be attached to a casing in a well having an inside seat and an outlet, a hanger on the seat for supporting a tubing in the well, a tubing on saidhanger, said hanger having an outlet in communication with the casing head outlet for the outflow of liquid from the tubing, a cylinder supported on the hanger, a pump in the well having a pump rod which works through the hanger and cylinder, a piston in the cylinder on said pump rod, upper and lower packing surrounding the pump rod above and beneath said piston, means for introducing an operating fluid into the cylinder beneath the piston, intake and discharge lines connected into the cylinder between the piston and the upper packing, back pressure valves controlling said inflow and discharge lines, and counterbalancing means for counterbalancing the weight of the pump rod.

4. A casing head, a pump, including a tubular hanger adapted to make a fluid tight seal within said casing head, a tubing supported in said hanger, said hanger and casing head having a common lateral outlet from said tubing, a pump rod extending through said hanger and having a fluid-tight fit therewith above said outlet, 9.

cylinder on said hanger, a piston on said rod within said cylinder, means to direct fluid under pressure to said cylinder to operate said pump rod and means on said rod slidably connected with said cylinder to counterbalance the weight of said rod.

5. A casing head having an inner downwardly tapered seat and a lateral outlet therein, a tubing hanger fitting within said seat, a pump tubing supported in said hanger, a passage in said hanger from said tubing to said outlet, a cylinder connected with the upper end of said hanger, a piston rod extending through said cylinder and having a fluid tight seal therewith, a piston on said rod in said cylinder, a pump plunger on said rod in said tubing, means to introduce fluid to said cylinder to operate said pump rod, and means to introduce fluid under pressure through said pump rod into the fluid above'said plunger to assist in moving pumped fluid to the surface.

6. A deep well pump comprising a casing head having an inside seat and an outlet, a tubular hanger on said seat for supporting a tubing in the well, a tubing on said hanger, said hanger having an outlet in communication with said casing head outlet for the outflow of fluid from the tubing, a flange on said hanger, means to clamp said flange tightly to said casing head, a cylinder associated with said hanger, a piston in said cylinder, a pump in the well, a plunger in said pump, a pump rod connecting said piston to said plunger, means to introduce fluid under pressure below saidpiston to raise said piston to actuate said pump rod, and said plunger, and means to resist the falling of said rod.

I GRANVILLE A. HUMASON.

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