US1765457A - Deep-well pump - Google Patents

Description

June 24, 1930. J. E. sHU'rT DEEP WELL PUMP Filed Sept. 27, 1928 I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 24,1930. l E SHUTT 1,765,457

DEEP WELL PUMP Filed Sept. 27, 1928 Sheets-Sheet 2 6 Av I` :VI-M 1950. 4a l 5r L 4?- L47 *f5 -Qu A @A .a7 wmf/m June 24, 1930.

J. El SHUTT DEEP WELL PUMP Filed Sept. 27, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 vto Patented JuneI 24, 1930 JOHN E. SHUTT, OF STUTTGART, ARKANSAS DEEP-WELL PUMP .Application led September 27, 1928. Serial No. 308,604.

This invention' relates to improvements in deep well pumps and especially relates to deep well pumps of the cylinder and piston type, which employ fluid columns in place of the ordinary piston rod.

In deep well pumps, especially those i used in the oil lields where depth is often excessive, it is quite common or the well to be deflected in drilling from the vertical, in which case the casing is at times so crooked thatl it is necessary to abandon the hole entirely, or, where vit can be used, excessive friction of the pump rod is set up, and owing to bucking of the rod, the full stroke of the pump yis not always obtained.

In addition where the depth is great, the

weight of the pumprod is so great that it must be made of excessive cross section in the upper ortion of the well and great diliculty is ad in balancing this weight in an endeavor to keepv down operation cost. Such pumps also where'they have to be pulled for cleaning or repairs require not only thatv the dischar e pipe carrying the cylinder be removed ut they also require in addition that the ump rodbe first removed. With these jects of my invention are:

(a) To substitute for the piston rod a 3 0 lbalanced liquid column, which'colunm does `not require a straight hole, eliminates the effect of depth, and reduces rictional resistance' and buckling, thereby reducing the power required to raise the oil or other liquid umped; and eliminates the necessity of pulling. a pump 'rod in taking out the pump for cleaning;

(b) To eliminate or substantially reduce trouble caused by sand;

(c) 'To eliminate pounding from gas where gas bearing oil is being pumped;

(d) To reduce the number of parts which must be carried in stock for substitutions where paraffin clogging is encountered and where consequentlyit is necessary to remove the' pumping parts and either hold the well open until the paraliin can be removed or else substituteparts in order that immediate replacement may be made;

(e) To provide means for separating the acts in view..the obwhich serves also as pumping column from the liquid to be pumped; land I (f) To generally improve the design and construction of such pumps. y

The means by which the foregoing and other objects are accomplished, and the manner of their accomplishment will readily be understood from the following speci-- ication,'on reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

. Fig. l, is a sectional elevation, on the center line of the well, disclosing a single acting pump construction and lindicating a means by which the water column'may be actuated;

Fig. 2, is a similar Asectional elevation showin a double acting pump; in both views etails of construction being largely omitted; f

. Fig. 3, is an enlarged view of the pumping mechanism outlined in Fig. 1, showing details of construction, the view being re uced in vertical height in order that the details may be shown on a largerA scale;

Fig. 4, is a similarly enlarged section taken on the line IV-IV of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5, is a similarly enlarged and vertically condensed section showing the detail of construction of the double acting pump outlined in Fig. 2'

Referring now to the "drawing in which the various parts are indicated by numerals,

10 is an outer or well casing which extends from the surface of the ground to the bottom of theV well. 11, is an inner casing which extends downward from the surface of the ground within the well casing 10,- and 12 is the discharge pipe through which the oil or other liquid pumped is delivered v above the ground surface.

' Secured to and supportedby the casin l1, is a power cylinder 13, within whic power cylinder is a reciprocable power piston 14. Secured to and extending below the power cylinder is a pulnp cylinder 15, in which pump cylinder is a pump plunger 16. The pump lplunger 16, is connected to the power piston 14, by a piston pipe 17,

a portion of the discharge pipe.

inder so that the column'of fluid within the annular chamber lying between the eX- terior of the discharge pipe 12 and the interior of the inner casing 11, is in direct communication with the upper face of the piston 14. The fitting 18, is likewise provided with a central ore 20, which establishes communication between the piston pipe `17, and the discharge pipe 12.

Surrounding the bore 20 at the upper end thereof is an annular seat 21, which is adapted to receive, and form a water tight joint with, the lower end of a ball cage 22, which is secured to.the lower end of the discharge pipe 12. The seal thus effected, completes the annularV chamber surrounding the discharge pipe and within the inner casing.

Preferably the joint between the seat and the ball vcage is a ground joint. Disposed within the cage 22, is an annular valve seat 23 for a ball valve 24, this annular seat preferably being eXteriorly tapered and removably seated against the correspondingly tapered innerportion of the cage 22. The ball valve assembly will be hereinafter referred to as the discharge-pipe check valve, and the cage 22, therefor, will be referred to as the dischargeipe check valve cage.

Disposed in andorming a part of the outer casing 10, is a fitting 25, which is provided with an annular seat 26, which is adapted to receive the lower end of a litting 27, which fitting is secured. to and forms a bottom end of the power cylinder 13. The joint between the fittin 27 and the seat 26 is preferably a groun joint so that when the inner casing 11 is lowered, the power cylinder 13 is supported by, and sealed off from, the bottom of the well by this joint. The seal thus effected, completes an annular chamber surrounding the inner casing and within the well casing. The vfittin ..27 serves also tol connect the power cylinder 13 Yand the pump cylinder 15. At the lower end of the pump cylinder 15 is a ball valve 28, which serves as a check valve for the lower end of the pump cylinder.

29 indicates a reciprocating pump from one end of which pump a pipe 30 connects into the annular chamber between the inner casing 11 and the outer casing 10 and 31 is a similar pipe connecting from the other end of the pump cylinder into theY annular chamber within the inner casing which surrounds the discharge pipe 12.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the single acting pump plunger 16 comprises an annular casting 32, the upper end of which is tapfped out and screwed on to the lower end o the piston` pipe 17 The lower end of the casting 32 is interiorly threaded to re.

ceive a second annular casting 33, which casting is provided with an annular seat 32 on which a ball check 35 is normally seated. The casting 33, is provided with piston rings 36 or other packings which form a ti ht sealbetween the plunger and the cylin er. The upper portion of the casting 32 is preferably provided with an annular extension 37 having a groove 38 therearound, with openings 39 leading inward from the bottom of the groove into the annular ,space 40, which surrounds the piston pipe 17, this space forming a pocket to receive and hold sand which may have worked past the piston or otherwise have been trapped thereabove. Passage-ways 41 lead through the walls of the cylinder 15 above the plunger to prevent trapping of oil or gas in the upper end ofthe cylinder. J

- The fitting 27 is interiorly threaded to receive the lower end ofthe power cylinder' 13, and similarly threaded to receive the upper `end of the pump cylinder 15. It is provided with a stufiing box which surrounds the piston pipe 17 -in which stuffing box, packing 42 is disposed, this packing being compressed by a gland 43 which is held in place and tightened by a cover 44. The fitting 27 and this stuffing box form the lower end of thc power cylinder 13. Communication is established into this portion of the cylinder 3 through passage-ways 45V which lead from the annular chamber between the well cas-y ing 10 and the inner casing 11.

The piston 14, which is integral with the piston pipe 17, is preferably provided with piston rings 46, and with annular skirts 47 and 48, which are provided with sand grooves 49 and 50 respectively. From the sand rooves 50 passage-ways lead inward into the annular space between the skirt 48 and the power cylinder 13 to permit any sand trapped by the groove 50 belng carried into this space.

Depending from the fitting 18, is a sleeve 52, theupper end of which is-threaded into the fitting and the lower end of which is provided with a stuffing box in which packing 53 is disposed. 54 is vthe stuffing box gland and 55 the cover therefor. The upper end of the piston ipe 17 is provided with a sand groovel 56, rom which passage-ways 57 lead into the pipe. j

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 5 the double acting plunger 16,l comprises an integral casting whichl is interiorlyv threaded and screwed on the lower end of the piston pipe 17. Projectin laterallyfrom this casting, are annular anges 58, l59, the latter of which is annular and preferably interiorly threaded s0 that it may be removed and recorrespondingly beveled,so that when the' flange 59 comes against the lower surface of the ring 62, it seats thereagainst in the manner of a poppet 'valve at the same time the flange 58 is held away from the opposite side of the ring 62 establishing thereby a passage-way through the channel ways 61 .from the upper end of the pump cylinder into Vthe discharge pipe 17, whereas when theflange 58 seats against the upper surface of the ring 62 a closure is similarly formed against such part and the fiange 59 is .held away from the opposite side of the ring establ'ishing a similar passage-way from the lower end of the cylinder into thev discharge pipe.

The fitting 27 for convenience of construct1on is preferably made up of a central portion which is exteriorly threaded to receive an annular member 64, into the upper por tion of which the innercasin'g 13 is screwed. Ihe lower portion of this annular member 1s shaped to conform to the seat 26, the joint ltherebetween preferably as.before,stated being a ground joint. The upper portion of the fitting 27 is provided with a stufling box, in which is disposed packing 65 which surrounds the piston pipe and is held in place by a gland 66 and tightened by a cover 67. The lower portion of this fitting is chamber-ed out to form an annular chamber 68, within which chamber is disposed a member 69 having its outer surface a truncated cone, the conical surface of which is held against a corresponding conical surface on the interior of the fitting 27, by a compression spring 70. 71 are passage-ways leading through the fitting 27, which passage-ways are normally closed by the member 69, but which passage-ways are opened on the-down stroke of the pump plunger to permit infiow of liquid to the pumping cylinder. The power piston 14, is provided with piston rings 72, and with cup leathers 73 which may be held in place by rings 74,

and cap screws 7 5'- This .piston 14, is prof vided with a stuffing box surrounding a pipe 76 which is screwed into and depends from the fitting 18, this pipe formin v a portion of the discharge line. This stu ng box is provided with packing 77, held in place by a gland 78 and a cover 79. A'cup leather 80 may additionally be used should it be so desired and if used, this cup leatherl may be held in place by a cover 81 screwed over the cover 79 or in some other' desired manylower end of the pumping cylinder.

ner. Screwed into and depending lfrom the.

piston 14, is a pipe82, the lower end of which is screwed into a fitting 83 into which fitting in turn the piston pipe 17 y is screwed, these two pipes in effect forming the piston pipe. 1

In installing the pump, the welll casing 10 carrying the fitting 25 inv the lower end thereof, is first placed, or if a casing is already in the Well without such fitting, any of the ordinary forms of packers may be lowered and placed in the casing near the bottom of the well and secured in the casing in the usual manner in place of this fitting. The inner casing ll carrying the power cylinder 13 and the pump cylinder 15 may then be lowered into the well and seated on l this fitting or on the packer as the case may be. Thereafter the discharge pipe 12 is lowered to place and seated on the seat 21, of the fitting 18, at the lower end of the casing 11. The pump 29 may then be connected up by the pipe 30 to the well casing, and by the pipe 31 to the inner casing and the well caps 84 and 85 be put in place. No special ward and then upward. On the down f stroke, referring first to the single acting pump shown in Fig. 1, oil or other liquid to` be pumped, which has entered the bottom of the pumping cylinder 15 'through the ball valve 28, passes upward through the check valve 32 into the piston pipe 17. On theup stroke this liquid is forced upward through the discharge check valve into the discharge pipe 12and additional liquid is at the same time drawn through the valve 28 into the pumping is continued, the liquid lthus pumped is discharged through the pipe 12 above the surface of the ground.

In the `double acting pump, oil or other liquid to be pumped, trapped by the check valve 28, on the down stroke of the plunger fiows past the flange 59 and through the passages 61 into the pistonA pipe 17. yAt the same time liquid is drawninto the upper portion of the cylinder through tlfepassageways in the check valve 69: On the up stroke, liquid within the upper ortlon of the cylinder is forced past the ange 58 and through the passages 61 into the piston pipe 17, and an addltional charge is drawn Asy through the check valve 28 into the bottom of the pumping cylinder. Liquid thus forced into the piston pipe is forced upward through the discharge line check valve into the discharge line and thence, on continuation of pumping, to the surface. A

In either case should there be gas in the liquid it will largely be forced through the discharge check valve into the discharge pipe and such small amount be left below as to eliminate trouble from gas pounding,

which is always present where a long column of gas bearing liquid rests directly on the pump plunger.

Should sand be encountered, it will be forced during pumping above the discharge pipe check valve and during pumping will be kept so thoroughlyagitated as to cause little trouble. On shutting down the pump however, this sand will settle and may accumulate in such quantity as to block the use of the pump. In such extreme cases it is only necessary to pull the discharge line, unscrew the discharge check valve and clean out the accumulated sand, a proposition involving little trouble as compared to the corresponding trouble where a rod ispused to operate the ump piston.

Should para n trouble occur it will ordinarily clog up the discharge pipe. In such l case it is only necessar to pull the discharge pipe, remove the chec valve therefrom, replace sections of discharge pipe seriously clogged, and replace the check valve, after which the dischargepipe may be replaced in the well without serious loss of time. Should however, the trouble be more serious, the entire'inner casing may be removed with little trouble and such pump parts as are clogged up be taken off for cleaning, additlonal ones substituted, and the pump again put in use without serious delay. In any .of these operations, it will be noted that there is no piston rod to be pulled out before the discharge andl other pipes can be removed. It will also be noted that raising of either the discharge pipe or the inner casing lnstantly releases the liquid in the surroundingvchamber so that only the weight of the inner casing within said well casing, and a v discharge pipe, or the casing as the case may be, must be contended with. It will further be no ted that the water columns used in pumplng are balanced so that the effect of the Weight thereof and therefore of the depth o the well is not felt on the piston and that neither of the water columns is in communication with the liquid which is being pumped.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a deep well pump, a well casing, an

discharge pipe within said inner casing, means forsealing the lower end of said pipe vto sald lnner casing, and the end of said inner casing to said well casing to define annular chambers, a power cylinder, having its upper end in communication with the inner of said annular chambers, and its lower end in communication with the outer of said chambers, a piston in said power cylinder, a pump cylinder secured to said power cylinder, a plunger in said pump cylinder connected with said power piston, said power piston and connection having a passage-way therethrough communicating with said discharge pipe, a check valve in the lower end of said pump cylinder, a check valve in the lower end of said discharge pipe,

and means for alternating pulsation of liquidr columns in said annular chambers to reciprocate said power piston.

2. In a deep well pump, a well casing, an inner casing within said well casing, and a discharge pipe within said inner casing, means for sealing the lower ends of said inner casin and pipe to define annular chambers t erearound, a power cylinder, having its u per end in communication with the inner o said annular chambers, and its lower end in communication with the outer of said chambers, a piston in said power cylinder, a pump cylinder secured to said power cylinder, a plunger in s aid pump cylinder connected with said power piston, said power piston and connectionhaving a passage-way therethrough communicating with said discharge pipe, a check valvein the lower` end of said pump cylinder, and means for alternating pulsations of liquid columns in said annular chambers to reciprocate said power piston.

3. In a deep well pump, a well casing, an inner casing within said well casing, means sealing the lower` end of said inner casing to said outer casing and a discharge pipe within said inner casing, removably seated and sealed at its lower end tgk said inner casing, said sealin defining l'annular chambers, la power cylin er, having its upper end in direct communication with the inner of said annular chambers, and its lower end incommunication with the outer of said chambers, a piston in said power cylinder, a plumping cylinder secured to said power cy nder, a piston in ,said pumping cylinder connected with said power piston, lsaid power piston and connection having a passage-way therethrough communlcating with said discharge pipe, a'

check valve in the lower end of said pump cylinder, a check'valve in the lower end of said discharge pipe, and means for alternating pulsations of liquid columnsv in said annularchambers to reciprocate said power piston. v

4. In a deep well pump, a well casing, an inner casing within said well casing, removably seated and sealed at its lower end to said well casing, and a discharge pipe withmit i ting forming vhaving its upper end in y-in said power cylinder, a pump cylinder secured to said power cylinder, a piston in said pumping cylinder connected with said power piston, said power piston and connection having a passage-way therethrough communicating with said discharge pipe, a check valve in the lower end of said pump cylinder, a check valve in the lower end of said discharge pipe, and means for alternating pulsations of liquid columns-in said annular chambers to reciprocate said power piston.

5. In a deep well pump, a well `casin having an'annular seat near the lower en thereof, an inner casing disposed within said outer casing, an annular ittin ,including an annular seat on the lower en of said inner casing, a power cylinder carried by and depending below'said fitting, an annular fitthe lower end of said cylinder, shaped to conform with said well casing seat, to form a support for said cylinder and inner casing and to form a seal defining an annular chamber between said inner casing and said well casing, a discharge pipe within-said inner casing, a check valve on the lower end of said discharge pipe, said valve having its lower end shaped to conform with said inner casing seat to form a sup- A port for said discharge pipe and to form a seat defining an annular chamber between said discharge pipe and inner casing; a pump cylinder secured to and depending from said cylinder iitting, a check valve at the lower end of said pump cylinder, a pis-v ton in said power cylinder, a plunger in said pump cylinder, a check valve in said plunger; an integral'piston-pipe connecting said piston and plunger, and projecting above said piston, a stufiing box surrounding said piston-pipe above said piston and a stulling box surrounding said piston-pipe between said piston and plunger; and means for alternating pulsations of liquid columns in said annular chambers to reciprocate said piston.

6. In a deep well pump, a well casing having an annular seat near the lower end thereof, an inner casing disposed within saidouter casing, an annular fitting, includ- ,ing an annular seat on the lower end of said inner casing, a power cylinder carried by and depending below said fitting, anannular fitting forming the lower end of said cylinder, shaped to conform with said well' casing seat, to form a support for said cylinder and inner casing and to form a seal defining an annular `chamber between said inner casing and said well casing, a discharge pipe within said inner casing, having its lower end shapedrto conform with said inner casing seat to form a support forsaid discharge pipe and to form a seat defining an annular chamber between said discharge pipe and inner casing, a fpump cylinder secured to and depending rom said cylinder fitting, a check valve at the lower end of said pump cylinder, a piston in said power cylinder, a plunger in said pump cylinder, a check valve in said plunger; an integral piston-pipe` connecting said plunger and projectin above said piston, a stufling box surroun ing said piston-pipe above said piston y and 4a stufling box surrounding said piston-pipe between said pis-v ton and plunger; and means for alternating pulsations of liquid columns in said annular chambers to reciprocate said piston.

7. In a deep well pump, a well casing having an annular seat near the lower end thereof, an inner casing disposed within said outer casing, an annular fitting, including an annular seat on the lower end of said inner casing, a power cylinder carried by and depending below said tting, said cylinder having its lower end shaped to conform with said well casing seat, to form a support for said cylinder and inner casing and to form a seal defining an annular chamber'between said inner casing and said well casing, a discharge pipewithin said inner casing, a check valve on the lower end .of said discharge pipe, said valve having its lower end shaped to conform with said inner casing seat to form a support for said discharge pipe and to vform a seat defining an piston and l annulard chamber between said discharge pipe and inner casing, a pump .cylinder secured to and depending from said power cylinder, a check Valve at the lower Yeiid of said pump cylinder, a piston in saidy power cylinder, a plunger'in said pump cylinder, a

check valve in said plunger; an integral piston-pipe connectingy said iston and plunger and projecting above said piston, a stuiing box surrounding said piston pipe above said power piston and a stuiiing box surrounding said piston pipe between said pistons, and means for alternating pulsations of columns of liquid in said annular chambers to reciprocate said piston.

8. A deep well pump, comprising a well casing, an annular seat within and integral with said casing, an inner casing, apower cylinder and a pump cylinder carried by said inner casing, a ring surrounding said inner cylinders and secured'thereto,.adapted to rest on said seat td support said inner casing and seal olii' said well casing below said seat, said power cylinder being above said ring, and having its upper end in coinmunication with said inner casing, and said inner casing having openings therethrough means for establishing alternatepulsations into the bottom end of said power cylinder of liquid columns within said casmgs.

whereby communication is established between said cylinder and well casing, a piston in said power cylinder, and a plunger, secured to and actuated thereby, in said pump cylinder, a discharge pipe within said inner casing, communicating with said pump cylinder and sealed from said power cylinder and means for establishing alternate pulsations of liquid columns within said casings.

9. A deep well pump, comprising a well casing, an inner' casing, a power cylinder and a pump cylinder carried by said inner casing, means for supporting said cylinders and inner casing within said well casing, said means sealing off said well casing therebelow, said power cylinder hav-ing its upper end in communication with said inner casing, and said inner casing having openings therethrough atv the bottom end of said power cylinder whereby communication is established between said cylinder and well casing, a piston in said power cylinder, and a plunger, secured to'and actuated thereby, in said pump cylinder, a discharge pipe within said inner casing, communicating with said pump cylinder and sealed from said power cylinder and means for establishingalternate pulsations of liquid columns within said casings.

10. A pump having three annular nested lcasings, establishing annular passageways land a central dischar e column, a power cylinder and a pump cylinder carried by one of said casings, a hollow piston rod disposed in said cylinders, a piston carried by said rod and reciprocabl disposed in said power cylinder, a stuiling box above and a stuiiing box below said piston, the upper and lower ends o said power cylinder communicating respectively with the inner and outer of said annular passageways, a hollow lunger secured to the lower end of said ho ow rod l and reciprocably disposed in said pump cylinder and a valve in said hollow piston.

11. A deep well pump, comprlsing awell casing, an inner casing within said well casing, and a discharge pipe within said inner casing, defining segregated annular chambers, and a central discharge column, a power cylinder and a pump cylinder carried by said inner casing, said power cylinder having its upper' end in communication with said inner casingfand its lower end in communication with-said well casing, a piston Ain said power cylinder, and a plunger, connected to said piston, disposed in said pump cylinder, said piston, plunger and connection having a passageway therethrough establishing communication from said pump cylinder to said discharge column, a check valve in the lower end of said pump cylinder, and

signature.

JOHN Ef sHUTT.

los

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