US2052747A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

F. J. BISHOP Sept, 1, 193

0 IL BURNER Filed May 15, 1935 9 4 n m m 0 a v I 3 m N n M n 3 u 3 M w Q IN VEN TOR. defied u. Zia/20, BY

A TTORNEY Patented Sept. 1, 1936 PATENT OFFICE 2,652,747 01L BURNER Frederick J. Bishop, Harper, Wash, assignor to a Harper Bishop, Harper, Wash.

Application May 13," 1935, Serial No. 21,200

2Claims. -(o1.299 14o) My invention relates to improvements in oil burnersof the type in which steam is used with the oil to help vaporize and atomize the oil in such a manner as to provide more efficient com- 5 bustion.

A general object of my invention is to increase the efiiciency and simplify the construction 0 oil burners of this type.

Another object of the'i'nvention is to provide an oil burner of this type which is built up almost entirely of standard pipe fittings thus making for an inexpensive construction.

Another object of the invention is to provide a particularly emcient and advantageous arrangement of slotted oil discharge members arranged to efiiciently break up and atomize thefloil and to discharge the atomized oil 'inthin fan like jets which ignite freely and burn with great efiiciency. 2 Further objects are to provide an oil burner in which the oil is heated by steam in its travel to the oil atomizing nozzle and in which provision is made for admitting some steam directly into the oil conduit'pipe before the oil enters the heated part of the burner.

Other and more specific objects will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing.

In the drawing Fig.- 1 is a side elevation of an oil burner constructed 'in accordance with my invention. j 1

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary'sectional view of the same on a larger scale than Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a. fragmentary sectional view of a modified form of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of another modified form of the invention adapted for use'with a special type of boiler.

Fig. 5 is a plan view looking down onto the atomizer nozzle shown in Fig. 4.- l

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view of another modified form of the invention adapted for use in another special type boiler.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional'view showing a modified form of duplex or split slot discharge means.

Like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the several views.

' Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, I show an oil burner constructed almost entirely of pipe and pipe fittings. This oil burner comprises a main horizontal burner pipe IIJ .connected at one end with a T member II and provided at the other end with an elbow fitting I2. The elbow fitting I2 is disposed in an upright position and the upper end thereof is closed by a plug I3. A substantially horizontal slot I4 for the discharge of oil and steam is provided in the curved wall of the elbow I2 just below the plug I3. An inclined oil discharge slot I5 is provided below the slot I4. 5 The two'slots I4 and I5 are inclined toward each other at such an angleas to cause the discharging oil and steam from these two slots to meet or intersect at a few inches from the elbow I2, as shown in Fig. 2. l0

Positioned within the elbow I2is an oilatom izer tip I6 having one slot I'l directed upwardly toward'the plug I3 and another inclined slot I8 positioned so as to direct oil against the curved wall of the elbow I2 between the two discharge 15 slots I4 and I5. The oil atomizer tip I6 is shaped somewhat like an elongated pipe cap and is screwed onto the end of an oil conduit pipe 20. The oil conduit pipe 20 is of substantially smaller diameter than the pipe I0 and is positioned sub- 20 stantially coaxially within the pipe in so as to leave an annular space 2I for steam between the inner wall of the pipe ID and the outer wall of the oil conduit pipe 20. In practice,*for burners of one popular size,I find it satisfactory to use 25 three quarter inch standard pipe for the main burner pipe I0 and three eighths inch standard pipe for the oil conduit pipe 20. Themember I2 may be a three quarter inch elbow.

The oil conduit pipe 20 extends through the 30 T fitting II and is threaded through a reducer 22. A lock nut 23 is threaded onto the pipe 20 and a gasket washer 24 is provided between the nut 23 and reducer 22. By threading the oil'conduit pipe 20 through thereducer 22*and using the 5 washer 24 and lock nut 23 I'provide means for positioning and holding the pipe 20 centrally within thepipe IOand further provide means for adjusting the position of the oil atomizer tip I6 within the elbow fitting I0. The washer 24 pre- 40 vents leakage of steam around the pipe 20 when the nut 23 is tightened against said washer.

The T I I is connected with a steam supply pipe 25. A valve 26 controls the flow of steam through the steam supply pipe 25. Another T 21 connects 45 steam supply pipe 25 with a steam by-pass pipe 28. The steam by-pass pipe 28 is provided with a valve30 and is connected with a T 3I in the oil supply line. The T 3I connects the end of the oil conduit pipe 20 with an oil supply pipe 32'. A 5 suitable control valve 29 is provided in the oil supply pipe' 32.

The oil burner nozzle shown in Fig. 3 is similar to the nozzle shown in Figs. 1 and 2 except that a larger elbow 33 is connected by a bushing 34 55 with a pipe of the same size as the pipe l0 and a standard pipe cap 36 is used as an oil atomizing tip on the end of an oil conduit pipe 31 which corresponds to the pipe 20. Slots 38 and 40 in the elbow 33 and slots 4| and 42 in the tip member 36 correspond in positioning and function to the similar slots shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Figs. 4 and 5 show a modified form of burner nozzle adapted for use in a special type of vertical flue boiler in whichthe atomized oil issdirected upwardly toward" and into the flues. One boiler of this type in common use is known as the Ward? boiler. In this modified form, shown in Figs; 4'

and 5, 43 is a main burner pipe. 44 is an oiliconx duit pipe. 45 is an oil atomizer. tip having oil discharge slots 46 and 41. 48isamelbnwmeme her having a cap 49 on its upper endi A slot 50" in the form of a cross is providedicentrally?orthe? cap 49 through which oil may discharge. This. slot 50 directs the atomized oil upwardly and distributes the. same: evenly inithe area above the nozzle.. r

' In-Fig; 6 I have shown still: anothermodified form; of: oil burner: nozzle especially adapted for use in-a Scotch Marine type. of: boiler in which large cylindricalfiues 5| are. used and; in: which one. burner nozzle. is providedin: each .flue; This nozzle: comprises: a main; burnerv steam pipe 52; on the end of which-isia 02:19:53. provided with'a cross slot 54. An oil conduit. pipe: disposed coaxially of the pipe. 52 is; provided with: a: cap 56 having across slot: 51: The: cap. 51 is: spaced from thecap 53 andservesfias: an; oil atomizing: tip from. which. oil; discharges; inta the. chamber formed by the pipe 52: andicap 53'. Insthis-zchamber theoil is-furtheratomized."v andFiszmixed with steam before beingdischargedironrthe:crossslot 54'.

In:v the" installation. of the burner. disclosed. in Figs. 1 and 2,, theinozzlez'is positioned within* afire box; with the remainingmechanismipreferably-ex= ternalto the: fires box; The. pipes Id and: 2B, and any. of" the other. pipes bezvariedzas. to: length to suit the; particular: conditions of: the: installertion. When. the burneris in. use, oiliunden pres.- sure is supplied; thmugir the;pip'e 32: and flows through. the :pipe' 2llito theiburner'n'ozzle. Air the same time. steam is-admitted"throughpipejfii and travels through the space-.21: tn' thenozzlez. The oil, in-itstravelzthrougl'i the: pipe: 211;. is thusssubjected'to' the heatpfithe'steantandns' heated to a high-temperature thinning the. oilxandiconditiorring the. same: for-better and: more efficient; com:- bustionp This. heaterb oil. is discharged. in two thin sheetsrfronr the: slots: [-1 and; I8 into.- the at'omizing chamber formedwithin thaelbow mem- 'ber l2; In this atomizingchamber the oiliisirm'xe'd with thesteam' and" thoroughly atomized and is discharged from: the: slots I14 and: I 52 in the: :iorm of a finely divided spray: which. is: properly: cons ditioned for: efiicienti burning. The positioning of the slots; l1? and 18 in theztip; lfi-isimport'ant in'securing a proper atomization of the on: The slot l1 discharges-upwardly against the plug. I3 and the slot I8 is positioned so: as: to discharge against the curved wall 'of the-elbow-member I2 between the 81017844311'21151. Thi's'breaks up the oil and provides for a swirling and eddyin'gof the atomized oil'within the elbow member before said oil is discharged from the slots l4 and 1-5. Thesteam traveling toward'the slots 14 and i5 is moving at right angles to the oil issuingfromthe slot l 'i and'is very eflicient in breaking upthe oilfrom-thissource. The oil issues fromthe slots I! and I8 into-theatomi'zing chamber provided within the elbow member l2 in very thin fan like jets which are easily broken up by the steam. The atomized oil issues from the convergent slots [4 and I5 in thin fan like jets which intersect each other at a distance of a few inches from the burner nozzle and burn very efiiciently. These fan like jets draw air along with them as they issue from the elbow member [2. This air, mixing withthe. oil and steam, helpstaprovide the necessary oxygen at precisely theright time and location to secure the most efiicient combustion. I

find that converging these discharging jets of be: less efiicient. in operationthan the burners 2 shown in Figs. 1 to 3. e

The steam by-pass pipeZ8provides a means for admittingsome steam intothe oil line before the oil enters the oil conduit pipe 20 in which it is heated; I find that thishelpsto condition the oil and: promot'es'bett'er atomization and combustion. This by-pass pipe is also useful as a means of admitting steam under pressure to the oil line. to blow out and clean out the OilIine-in case it becomes obstructed. v

I also find that this burner will operate in'a satisfactory manner and with good efiiciency if air'under: pressure is admitted through the pipe and supplied to the atomizing nozzle for the purpose of atomizing the oil and furnishing necessary-oxygen for combustion. When air'isused in this manner it may require a higher pressure than whensteam isused as the air lacks heat, which isusefulin' thinning-the'oil.

In Fig 7 I-' show'a' fragment of an elbow member 60, which is similar to the previously deof my inventionbut it will be clearly understood that this disclosure is merely illustrative and that such changes in'the invention may be made as'are within the scope and spirit of the follow ing claims. 7 p

I claim:

1. Inan oil burner; a steam conduit pipe; an oil conduit pipe of smaller diameter than said steam conduit pipe extending lengthwise within said steam" conduit pipe providing, an annular steampassageway between the walls of. said two pipes; oil supply means connected with said oil conduitpipe; an elbow member'onan .end of said steam conduit pipe, one end. of said elbow being directed'upwardly and having a closure member, said elbow member having two spaced apart transverse slots" in the curved wall thereof'for the discharge of atomized oil; and a cap on the end of said oil conduit pipe positioned within said elbow member and having a transverse slot positioned to discharge oil against the curved wall of said elbow member between said two spaced apart transverse slots.

2. In an oil burner, a steam conduit pipe; an oil conduit pipe of smaller diameter than said steam conduit pipe extending lengthwise within said steam conduit pipe providing an annular steam passageway between the walls of said two pipes; oil supply means connected with said oil conduit pipe; an elbow member on an end of said steam conduit pipe, one end of said elbow being directed upwardly and having a closure member, said elbow member having a horizontal transverse slot adjacent said closure member and an inclined transverse slot positioned below said horizontal transverse slot and inclined toward said horizontal transverse slot, whereby fan shaped jets of atomized oil discharging from said two slots will intersect at a distance from said elbow member; and a cap on the end of said oil conduit pipe provided with an upright slot positioned to direct a fan shaped jet of oil upwardly against the closure means of said elbow member and with an inclined slot positioned to direct a fan shaped jet of oil against the wall of said elbow member between the two slots in said elbow member.

FREDERICK J. BISHOP.

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