US2044844A - Construction of buildings - Google Patents

Description

June 23, 1936. H. GRlEsr-:L 2,044,844 CONSTRCTION OF BUILDINGS Filed Oct. 6, 1932 Patented June 23, v1936 UNITED STATES 29u Il 'E n PATENT ovl-ICE 2.044.844 coNsTaUcTroNor BUILDINGS Heinrich Grlescl, Berlin, Germany Applicationoctober 6,

Y Germany October 1t. 1931 ceiling and cover plates of concrete or the like are arranged with a cavity therebetween between beams or other supports of iron, reinforced concrete, masonry or the like; in particular my invention relates to such a floor and roof construction in which blocks or beams are positioned on a ceiling plate which may if necessary be reinforced in the form of a carrying frame, said blocks or beams carrying the load-carrying cover plate beneath which a cavity is formed. Due to its vertical bearing pressure the cover plate clamps the ceiling plate and at the same time exerts a lateral thrust as in a vaulted construction. against its supports due to its oblique surfaces.

One feature of my invention resides in accommodating between the ceiling plate and the cover plate means for heating, cooling or Ventilating the air or electric cables and to provide passages in the longitudinal beams or bearing blocks which direct the air from the cavity into the space which is to be heated, cooled or ventilated or'serve for passing the electric conductors in and out.

A further feature of my invention resides in providing longitudinal beams or bearing blocks in the form of hollow members provided with apertures in their walls which form exhaust passages or ilues'for the heated, cooled or purified air or provide passages for introducing and leading out electric cables. The openings can also serve as grips for carrying and positioning the blocks.

A further feature of my invention resides in superimposing on the longitudinal beams or supporting blocks hollow stones the lateral openings of which terminate in the space above the ceiling construction and the further apertures of which are connected with the passages in the longitudinal beams or bearing blocks so that a continuous connecting conduit is formed between the ceiling 1ste. sei-m1 No. escaso (Ci. mn-66) and-the like are readily accessible and simple to provide.

Further features and advantages ot my invention will be described in the appended claims and shown in the drawing which constitute a part of my application.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. l shows a cross-section through a ceiling construction in which heating or cooling pipes and sprinkler conduits are positioned on the ceiling plate.

Fig. 2 shows a view looking toward a bearing block and a cover stone carried thereon looking in the direction of the line I-I of Fig. l, the cover plate being omitted.

Fig. 3 shows a section along the line II--Il of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross section along the line mum of Fig. 5.

Fig. 5 is a View looking towards a longitudinal beam and e. cover stone carried thereon, the cover plate being omitted.V

Figs. 6 and 7 show two embodiments oi. longitudinal beams or bearing blocks in cross section.

Fig. 8 shows a cover stone in cross section and' Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment in which electric conductors are accommodated in the cav;b ity between the ceiling plates and the cover plates.

2 is the ceiling plate which may be reinforced in the form of a supporting frame by means of longitudinal and transverse ribs and on which the bearing blocks iii constructed as hollow stones are positioned. The cover plate t is inserted between the bearing blocks I8 and it abuts with oblique surfaces il against corresponding oblique surfaces on the hollow stones l so that it clamps the plate 2 and at the same time exerts a lateral thrust on the hollow stones as in a vaulted construction.

The actual oor covering il is then laid in the usual Way on the cover plate 8 over a layer of sand or slack l5 or a plaster floor i6. The heating pipes 9 are disposed in the cavity between the plates 8 and 2 on the plate 2 which in consequence of its small thickness and good conductability oers a ready passage to the heat. in order to attain that the heat radiating from the heating pipe in the ceiling areas should nd a rapid and etilcient passage into the space above the ceiling, apertures i and 3 are provided in the bearing blocks it as clearly seen from Fig. 6.

Further, a cover stone t constructed in the form of a hollow stone with an outlet aperture 'l is incorporated above the aperture 3. Togather with the apertures l and 3 this aperture land blocking. Such passages for carrying o the heat can be arranged in the walls in any desired position. As shown in Fig. 1, apertures Il are provided in the ceiling plate 2 beneath the sockets of the sprinkler conduits I3 which are disposed on the ceiling plate 2,'so that a good sprinkling can be effected through the ceiling.

Fig. 3 shows that the abutment for the cover plate B passes between the bearing blocks i8 and also shows the manner in which the cover plate 8 is anchored to the surrounding wall 2t by means of its iron reinforcements BQ.

In Fig. 4, 2i is the outermost ceiling beam of a structural steel framing on the flange of which the ceiling plate 2 is laid. For the rest the construction oi the ceiling is exactly as in the embodiment according to Fig. 1. Instead of short bearing blocks I8 however, longitudinal beams 5 are preferably used. As seen from Fig. 5 these extend over the entire width of the plate 2. The anchoring of the cover plate 8 is effected by its iron reinforcement I9 which is bent about the upper ilange of the beam 2l.

Fig. '7 shows a longitudinal beam as used in the embodiment according to Fig. 4. The longi- .c

tudinal beam '5 can however be oi' the same crosssection as a bearing block I8. Fig. 5 shows such a construction of the longitudinal beam.

The arrangement of the iiues or discharge passages as described above affords the same advantages if the cavity of the ceiling is used for .cooling or ventilation purposes.

If the cavity between the two plates is utilized for accommodating electric cables for power and ynormal currents as shown in Fig. 9, which for the rest corresponds with the construction according to Fig. 1, then similar passages to `those described are provided in the lateral wall and branch conductors from the cables, the vertical conductors and the like are passed out therevention are described and shown without in any' amaai-i way restricting the scope of the invention thereto.

What I claim is:-

1. A ceiling construction comprising a pair of supports, a ceiling plate disposed between and carried by said supports, spaced abutment members carried on said ceiling plate, and a cover member extending between and supported by said abutmentA members, said cover member being spaced from the ceiling plate to form a space for circulation of air, at least one of said abutl0 ment members having a passage therethrough, said passage communicating with the space between the' ceiling plate and the cover member.' and the space above said cover member, whereby air may pass from one of said spaces to the other.

2. A. ceiling construction comprising a pair ci supports, a ceiling plate disposed between and carried by said supports, spaced abutment members carried on said ceiling plate, said abutment members having oblique surfaces on their opposing faces, and 'a cover member having oblique surfaces on opposite sides thereof, said covermember extending between said abutment members and having its oblique surfaces resting upon and supported by the oblique surfaces of the passage communicating with the space between the ceiling plate and the cover member, and the space above said cover member, whereby air may pass from one of said spaces to the other.

3. A ceiling constructioncomprising a pair of supports, a ceiling plate disposed between and carried by said supports, spaced abutment members carried on said ceiling plate, at least one of said abutment membershaving a passage therethrough. a cap member mounted on the abutment member, said cap member having a passage therethrough, and a cover member extending between and supported by said abutment members, said cover member being spaced from the ceiling plate to form a space for circulation of air, the passage through said abutment member communicating at one end with the space between the ceiling plate and the cover member and at its Aother end with one end of the passage through the cap member, the other end of the passage through the cap member communicating with the space above the cover plate whereby a continuous passage for air between said spaces is provided.

HEINRICH GRIESEL.

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