US2030531A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

F@b. 21 E, 1936,

i i c. J. OHLSSON vs Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR-T 2&30531 Feb. H, 119%., c. .1. OHLSSON OIL BURNER Filed Feb. 2, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN TOR:

- ATTORNEY.

Fzsfmo M, 11936,, c, J. OHLSSON 2,3,531

OIL BURNER Filed Feb. 2, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 I N VEN TOR:

BY v

% ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 11, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 4 Claims.

This invention relates to a high and low flame oil burner and has for an object to provide a burner of this character which is capable of burning various kinds of oil ranging from the light furnace oils to the heavier fuel and bunker oils.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner in which the oil is atomized under highly favorable conditions in the presence of a regulated and minimum quantity of air.

Another object of the invention is to provide aburner of the character specified in which the means for introducing the air imparts a suitable motion thereto relative to the fuel nozzle for entraining the fuel therefrom in the air, and controls the quantity of air admitted in accordance with operating conditions.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner of the character specified in which the means for controlling the admission of air also serves to control the fuel supply so as to vary the flame intensity.

Another object of the invention is to provide a=burner of the character specified in which the fuel is ejected from the nozzle subject to the atomizing action of steam generated by the heat from the-nozzle flame, and in which the water supply for the steam generator is controlled automatically by the steam pressure.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner of thecharacter specified in which both the water supply and fuel supply are under control of the pressure of the steam utilized in atomizing the fuel.

In the drawings forming part of this application one practicable embodiment of my invention is illustrated, in which drawings:

Figure 1 shows a front View of my improved device as applied to the door of 'a furnace.

Fig. 2 is a view of the parts shown in Fig. 1 looking at this from the left-hand side.

Fig. 3 is an'enlarge'd detail of the water supply valve and the oil pump switch seen from the opposite side of that illustrated in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail view showing the tip or nozzle end of the burner.

Fig. 5 is a detail looking at the device from the front, some parts being removed to show the position and mode of operation of the shutters and shutter actuated mechanism, and

Fig. 6 is a detail looking at the device illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5 from the right-hand side to show the mechanism of the by-pass valve and its connections with the shutter actuating lever.

This burner is designed to employ steam for 65 assistingjin the atomization of theoil, such atomization also being assisted by a current of air caused to gyrate in a direction opposite that followed by the whirling material leaving the nozzle of the gun burner, the combustible mixture being caused to impinge upon the coil used for generating the steam, or upon glowing carbon which has deposited thereon.

This burner is of the gun type. The gun is designated by the reference character 1, illustrated more particularly in Figs. 2 and 4, and comprises an outer shell 8 into which the oil is admitted by means of a pipe 9 leading from some suitable oil pump, not illustrated. The nozzle is formed in a well-known manner to deliver fuel in a whirling spray.

Within the shell 8 is located the nozzle II] from a steam supply pipe H. At its forward or discharging end the sleeve 8 has an outwardly flaring or conical orifice 12. It is seen that the oil occupies a tubular space I3 surrounding the steam nozzle ID. The oil issues from the orifice 12 in the form of a cone through the metering disk [4 located in the conical tip l2. Super-heated steam is furnished by means of a steam generator coil I5 located in the region of discharge from the gun and in a place where the heat from combustion is intense. The delivery end of the coil runs into the steam pipe I. The water for the coil is furnished by means of a pipe. I6 communicating with a water supply pipe I! which may, if desired, be connected to the water main or city pressure, or, if sufficient pressure is not thus available for controlling the initial pressure in the coil, devices for feeding water at the desired pressure may be resorted to.

The water is preferably received through some suitable straining device. A strainer is illustrated at I1.

The steam, in its passage from the generating coil IE to the pipe H, goes through a steam strainer I8. The pipe H is also shown equipped with a safety valve i9. A steam pressure gauge 20 is shown in connection with the generator, preferably on the water inlet side.

A branch pipe 2| leads from the water supply [6 to a pressure operated water controlling or shut off device 22. This shut off comprises an enlarged chamber 23 in which is located a piston 24 urged by means of a compression spring 25 against the flow of water, or rather against the pressure of the water. Preferably the pipe 2| branches off from the water pipe It at a point where the water is cold, but is nevertheless subjected to pressure from the steam generating coil I5.

A shut off and control valve 26 is shown located in the water supply pipe l6, this valve being operated by an arm 21. The arm 21 is connected by means of link 28 to the trip bar 29 which is shown pivoted at 30 to an arm 3| dependent from a bracket 32 carried by the front plate 33 upon which the various parts of the mechanism are supported. A rod 34, which is fast to the piston 24 depends through the lower end of the casing 22 and is connected at its lower end to the trip bar or lever 29. For purposes of adjustment a screw thread 35 is formed on the lower end of the piston rod 34, which screw threaded end passes through a hole in a bracket 36 extending from the side of the bar 29 and a pair of set nuts 31 and 38 are mounted on the screw thread above and below the bracket 36. The trip bar extends upon the side of the pivot 30 opposite that to which the shut off and control valve for the water is connected and'is furnished with a hook 39 upon which a drip bucket 40 is suspended. The plate 33 is shown secured to a fire door 4| by means of a series of bolts 42. These bolts are associated with air deflecting members 43. Each of such members is formed of a plate of sheet metal of a width for spacing the plate 33 a proper distance from the fire door 4|. Each of the plates 43 is bent around one of the bolts 42, as at 44, and the parts are tightened up by means of suitable nuts 45 on their outer ends. The several parts form a substantially cylindrical casing having its side wall formed of a plurality of tangential plates separated at their ends, and the spaces between said ends forming inlet openings controlled by the shutters 46, hereinafter described.

In the illustration three such plates 43 are shown and the ends of each plate are so located in relation to the ends of the two adjacent plates that an air entrance is afforded between them. .One of the ends of each plate, being located further outwardly radially on the plate 33 than is its other end, has a tendency to give the air entering the openings a circular or whirling movement as well as a movement inwardly toward the nozzle of the gun, the nozzle of the gun being located at about the center of the plates and consequently in the natural vortex of the whirl of the air which is generated in this part of the device, the direction of the whirl of this are being opposite to that of the fuel discharged from the nozzle 1.

A draft tube 4|ll is secured to the inner side of the fire door 4|.

A series of shutters 46 are furnished for controlling the openings between the ends of the plates 43. These shutters are mounted on rods 41, 4'! supported by the furnace door 4| and by the plate 33. The shutters 46 are preferably fast on'these rods. Operating arms 48 are connected by means of links 49 with a lever 50 which is pivoted at 4'! to the plate 33 and is connected by means of a link 52 and chain 53 to some suitable thermostatic or other control device which may be employed in the installation and also to the pressure regulator on the boiler. Some suit able counter-weight as 54 may be employed if desired.

A by-pass 55 for returning a portion of the oil to the supply runs from the oil pipe 9 and is furnished with a valve 56, the stem of which carries an arm 51 connected by means of an adjustable link 58 with the lever 56 so that upon the movement of the lever 50 which opens the shutters 46 the by-pass is closed, and upon a movement of the lever 50 which closes the shutters 46 and 'reduces or shuts off the air supply the by-pass valve is opened and the pressure of oil is reduced so that the flame is lowered. The lowered flame, of course, reduces the pressure of the steam.

A mercury switch 59 is shown mounted on the water valve stem 21, such switch having lead wires 66, 6| for opening and closing the circuit for the oil pump, not illustrated, as the water is shut off and turned on.

Means for adjustably and yieldably stopping the water valve stem 2'! in its fully opened position is shown in detail in Fig. 3 and comprises a set screw 62 traversing a nut 63 carried by the bracket 32 which is adapted to engage a yielding stop comprising a stud 64 passing through the end of the stem 27 and having at its lower end an adjusting nut 65. The upper end of the stud 64 is provided with a head and between such head and the stem is located a coiled spring 66. These adjusting means control the amount of water which may pass the valve and also absorb the shock of stopping the parts. When it is desired to permit the passage of sediment, this may be accomplished by simply pushing down the end of the trip lever 29.

This device is designed as a high and low flame burner adapted to burn all kinds of oil from the light furnace oils to the heavier fuel and bunker oils. The oil is preferably drawn from a storage tank by some suitable and approved pump and is delivered to the pipe 9 which, in the present description, will be regarded as a source of supply, and is put under the desired pressure which may be controlled by some suitable automatic device.

When the burner is not in operation or is operating inefficiently, resulting in undue decrease in pressure the spring 25 in the water shut off device is sufi'iciently strong to maintain the trip bar 29 in its raised position, closing the valve 26 and also opening the circuit represented by the wires 69 and 6| for stopping the oil pump.

When it is desired to start the burner the operator presses down on the end of the trip bar 29 which is connected with the water shut off valve. This permits water to flow into the pipe l6 and pass into the steam generating coil |5.

At the same time the circuit represented by the Wires 66, 6| for the oil pump is closed and oil is forced into the system. In a few moments, after the oil has been ignited, some pressure will be generated and the piston 24 will be pushed down and the weight of the trip bucket 40 will be overbalanced and the switch will remain closed and the water valve open.

Of course it is perfectly obvious that the oil entering the gun I surrounds the nozzle through which the steam is discharged, combined steam and oil being atomized and passing out of the end of the nozzle with a whirling motion. The counter-weight 54 on the end of the lever 50 holds this end of the lever down and the shutters 46 open so that air which is drawn into the openings etween the plates 42 is given a whirling motion, but owing to the disposition of these plates 42 the direction of rotation is opposite that of the combined oil and steam. This serves to intimately mix the small and regulated quantity of air which is admitted with the fuel.

The quantity of air which is admitted is closely regulated by the shutters which are moved by means of the chain 53 which is preferably associated with the boiler pressure device.

Although but one form of my invention has been illustrated and described, it will be apparent that changes may be made within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The combination with the nozzle of an oil burner furnace, said nozzle being formed to deliver fuel in a whirling spray, of a casing communicating at the inner end thereof with said furnace and including an outer end wall and. a lateral series of curved plates surrounding the delivery portion of the nozzle, one end of each plate being located further inwardly, radially, than its other end for directing air toward the nozzle with a whirling motion, a series of shutters located between the adjacent ends of the curved plates of the series, and means for operating the shutters.

2. A furnace comprising a nozzle extending into the same, a casing communicating at the inner end thereof with said furnace and having an outer end wall and a series of curved plates surrounding the delivery portion of said nozzle, one end of each plate being located further inwardly, radially, than its other end for directing air toward said nozzle with a whirling motion, a series of curved shutters pivotally mounted between the adjacent separated ends of the curved plates of the series, and means for operating said shutters to control the volume of air supplied to said nozzle.

3. An oil burner comprising a nozzle, a casing communicating at the inner end thereof withsaid burner and having an outer end wall and a lateral series of plates surrounding the nozzle, one end of each plate being located further inwardly, radially, than the other end thereof for directing air towards the nozzle, 2, series of shutters pivotally mounted between the adjacent separated ends of the plates, and means for operating the shutters.

4. An oil burner comprising a nozzle, a casing communicating at the inner end thereof with said burner and including an outer end wall and a series of plates surrounding the delivery portion of said nozzle, one end of each plate being located further inwardly, radially, than the other end thereof for directing air towards said nozzle with a whirling motion, a series of shutters pivotally mounted between the adjacent separated ends of said plates, and means interconnecting said shutters for joint operation to control the volume of air supplied to said nozzle.

CHARLES J. OHLSSON.

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