US20140338740A1 - Preparation of cementitious articles with a high surface finish for use in electrical devices - Google Patents

Preparation of cementitious articles with a high surface finish for use in electrical devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140338740A1
US20140338740A1 US14/354,288 US201214354288A US2014338740A1 US 20140338740 A1 US20140338740 A1 US 20140338740A1 US 201214354288 A US201214354288 A US 201214354288A US 2014338740 A1 US2014338740 A1 US 2014338740A1
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Prior art keywords
cementitious
article
process according
coating
articles
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US14/354,288
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Inventor
Roberta Alfani
Claudia Capone
Antonio Rombola' Ottavio
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Italcementi SpA
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Italcementi SpA
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Assigned to ITALCEMENTI S.P.A. reassignment ITALCEMENTI S.P.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALFANI, ROBERTA, CAPONE, CLAUDIA, ROMBOLA'OTTAVIO, ANTONIO
Publication of US20140338740A1 publication Critical patent/US20140338740A1/en
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    • H01L31/0422—
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/0263—Hardening promoted by a rise in temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
    • C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B41/488—Other macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
    • C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B41/488—Other macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
    • C04B41/4884—Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
    • C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
    • C04B41/63—Macromolecular compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0216—Coatings
    • H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
    • H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
    • H01L31/032—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312
    • H01L31/0322—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312 comprising only AIBIIICVI chalcopyrite compounds, e.g. Cu In Se2, Cu Ga Se2, Cu In Ga Se2
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00336—Materials with a smooth surface, e.g. obtained by using glass-surfaced moulds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00844—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for electronic applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/541—CuInSe2 material PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to the field of cementitious articles and their use in the energy sector. Described herein are: a process for coating prefabricated cement articles, the articles obtained with said process, and their use in the construction sector, for non-structural applications, preferably as cladding and covering elements, both of the horizontal type and of the vertical type, with the aim of generating and/or transporting energy; said coated articles, having a small thickness and very low surface roughness, are in fact useful as substrates for deposition of metallic films and other thin films, during the construction of electrical devices such as solar cells, for example.
  • the resultant products are of particular interest for applications in the field of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), for aesthetic purposes and optimum integration of the photovoltaic modules in an urban context.
  • BIPV Building Integrated Photovoltaics
  • Photovoltaic devices are being increasingly used in an urban context, as an integrative element in the construction sector, in order to produce useful amounts of alternative energy, thereby reducing the consumption of fossil fuels and the associated polluting emissions.
  • the Applicant has since long been engaged in research into new methods useful for converting materials which are traditionally used in the building sector, into photovoltaic elements or parts thereof. Such an approach would improve the continuity between the constructional components and the photovoltaic elements, while improving the overall aesthetic appearance of the buildings.
  • Japanese patent JP 6184731 describes a process for coating hard materials such as wood, resins, glass, bricks and tiles with a heat-resistant resin and an additional metallic layer formed by means of sputtering or other methods.
  • Such technology which has not been designed for the preparation of photovoltaic devices, produces articles coated with a high surface memory, resulting in an irregular surface with raised patterns, which may be increased with ad hoc incisions formed on the coating after application to the substrate; the article is then coated with a metallic film which maintains the underlying pattern.
  • the accentuation of the surface reliefs in the form of given patterns may satisfy a number of aesthetic requirements; however, the resultant products, which are somewhat rough, are not very suitable for electrically conductive applications, in particular photovoltaic applications: the latter envisage coating substrates with very thin metallic films, often in extreme heat and pressure conditions; priority is therefore given to substrates which are as smooth and uniform as possible so as to maximize over time the homogeneity and the stability of adhesion between metal and substrate; a smooth substrate transmits its surface regularity also to the thin superimposed (metallic and absorbent) films, resulting in a smooth external surface which is less prone to the surface accumulation of dust and pollutants which could damage the aesthetic appearance of the surface with time and/or reduce its energy efficiency.
  • These characteristics are at present satisfied by particular materials, for example glass.
  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of cementitious articles with a high surface finish, useful for the preparation of electrical, in particular photovoltaic devices, which are highly suitable for integration in the urban building sector.
  • the process envisages the treatment of a prefabricated starting article, at specific temperature and pressure intervals, for a given time period, followed by coating of the article with a film based on a polymer selected from polyimide, polyarylketones, epoxy resins or similar thermosetting resins.
  • Heat-resistant cementitious surfaces with an arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra which is very low, controlled and regular, without point-like defects, suitable for the deposition of additional thin films, are obtained.
  • FIG. 1 a shows the surface of a cementitious article coated with polyimide film and molybdenum metallic film, prepared in accordance with the treatment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 b shows the surface of a cementitious article coated with polyimide film and molybdenum metallic film, obtained without the treatment according to the present invention.
  • low-thickness cementitious articles coated with polymer films having a high surface quality are understood as meaning prefabricated three-dimensional objects which are to be used in the building sector for non-structural applications, coated with a suitable polymer film, synthesized on a solid material obtained from the hydration of cementitious compositions.
  • Low thickness or “small thickness” is understood as meaning a thickness of between 0.1 cm and 5 cm, preferably between 0.2 and 1 cm, more preferably between 0.3 and 0.5 cm.
  • the form of the cementitious starting article, used in the present invention may vary greatly depending on the constructional needs; by way of a non-limiting example such forms may include those suitable for the manufacture of flat slabs, sunshade elements ventilated-façade elements, etc.
  • the cementitious starting article is not coated as such, but undergoes a pre-treatment in selected pressure conditions, of between 10 and 750 mmHg, preferably between 50 and 600 mmHg, more preferably between 100 and 500 mmHg, at a temperature of between 80 and 160° C., preferably between 100 and 150° C., more preferably between 110° C. and 130° C., for a time period of between of 40 and 120 minutes, preferably between 45 and 90 minutes, more preferably between 50 and 70 minutes.
  • selected pressure conditions of between 10 and 750 mmHg, preferably between 50 and 600 mmHg, more preferably between 100 and 500 mmHg, at a temperature of between 80 and 160° C., preferably between 100 and 150° C., more preferably between 110° C. and 130° C., for a time period of between of 40 and 120 minutes, preferably between 45 and 90 minutes, more preferably between 50 and 70 minutes.
  • the article is coated with a polymer coating; preferably, this step follows directly the pre-treatment, namely without intermediate storage.
  • the polymer coating may be applied in solution form, using techniques known per se, such as spin coating, atomization, sputtering, etc. A preferred technique is spin coating.
  • the polymer of the coating is preferably polyimide.
  • Alternative polymers which may be used are polyarylketones, epoxy resins, and similar thermosetting resins.
  • the coating polymer is obtained directly on the surface of the article, depositing onto it a solution of a suitable precursor, which can be converted into said polymer by means of treatment in situ;
  • the precursor used is polyamide acid (obtained for example by means of copolymerization of suitable monomers such as biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride copolymerized with phenylenediamine, or from pyromellitic anhydride copolymerized with oxydianiline);
  • the polyamide acid is converted in situ into polyimide by means of heat treatment, which involves dehydration of the polyamide acid and evaporation of the water formed; this treatment generally requires an initial heating at about 120° C., at a pressure of about 500 mmHg, for about 1 hour, followed by a secondary heating at about 300° C., at ambient pressure, for 1-2 hours.
  • the thickness of the coating polymer solution applicable to the article is dependent on the roughness of the latter: for example, articles with an arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of about 500 micrometres, coated with a thickness of 300 micrometres (or more) of a 5% by weight polymer coating solution result in the formation of surfaces with the required degree of regularity/uniformity for photovoltaic applications; the amount of coating required for articles with a different Ra may be calculated in a directly proportional manner from the aforementioned data.
  • the two beams are recombined and the resultant light is directed onto a solid-state telecamera.
  • the interference between the two wave fronts generates an image formed by light and dark bands, called interference fringes, which are indicative of the surface structure of the analyzed part. Since the interference fringes originate only when the analyzed surface is in focus, it is necessary to perform a vertical scanning in order to be able to acquire the interferograms which characterize the height of each pixel forming the matrix of the CCD telecamera. Scanning is performed by means of a piezoelectric transducer situated at the base of the optical head of the microscope.
  • the system is equipped with different types of lenses (50 ⁇ , 20 ⁇ , 10 ⁇ , 5 ⁇ , 2.5 ⁇ ), to be used in function of the surface characteristics of the sample to be examined.
  • the telecamera records images of the intensity of the interference fringes.
  • the measurements obtained are both three-dimensional and two-dimensional: the vertical measurement (perpendicular to the surface being examined) is obtained by means of interferometry, while the lateral measurements (in the plane of the sample) are obtained by means of calibration of the enlargement generated by the lens.
  • the 3D data which characterize the surface and can be obtained using the technique described are as follows:
  • Ra the arithmetic mean surface roughness.
  • Substrates which are useful for photovoltaic applications have Ra values preferably of between 10 and 150 nanometres, more preferably 30 and 90 nanometres. These values are advantageously obtained by the present invention, as shown in the tests below.
  • the article coated with the consolidated polymer film may be coated with an additional metallic film, for example consisting of molybdenum, copper, aluminium, platinum, silver, gold, etc., and with an absorbent film, for example so-called CI(G)S, i.e. films based on copper, indium, (gallium), diselenides, for the manufacture of thin-film photovoltaic devices.
  • additional metallic film for example consisting of molybdenum, copper, aluminium, platinum, silver, gold, etc.
  • an absorbent film for example so-called CI(G)S, i.e. films based on copper, indium, (gallium), diselenides, for the manufacture of thin-film photovoltaic devices.
  • CI(G)S i.e. films based on copper, indium, (gallium), diselenides
  • the cementitious article does not require special production technologies and surface-finishing post-treatment in order to apply subsequently thin films for the manufacture of photovoltaic modules.
  • the coating applied in accordance with the invention withstands effectively the vacuum and heating conditions which are typical of the thin-film deposition processes for photovoltaic applications, without losing the characteristics of adhesion to the cementitious substrate and without alteration of the surface properties thereof.
  • the low roughness of the substrate coated in accordance with the invention is transferred to the superimposed thin (metallic, absorbent) films, resulting in a smooth and uniform final surface, of high value from an aesthetic point of view, stable over time in terms of adhesion, and resistant to the accumulation of dust and surface pollutants, with a performance which is reproducible over time.
  • the present invention comprises cementitious articles coated with a polymer film and optionally with further superimposed films, having a high surface finish, obtained by means of the process according to the invention.
  • the articles have preferably a small thickness, in particular of between 0.1 and 5 cm.
  • the invention is also applicable to the use of said articles for the preparation of electrical devices, in particular photovoltaic devices.
  • the invention also includes the use of said articles for the manufacture of photocatalytically active cementitious building elements, for example slabs, sunshade elements, ventilated-façade elements, etc.
  • the polyimide covering film was obtained by polycondensation from a solution of polyamidic acid in N-methylpyrrolidone, obtained from biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride copolymerized with phenylenediamine.
  • the solution of the precursor at a concentration of 5% by weight, was applied by spin coating, onto the cementitious article in an amount proportional to the dimensions of the article itself, obtaining a layer of polymer solution with thickness of about 400 micrometres.
  • the material was placed in an oven at a temperature of 120° C., in vacuum conditions of 500 mmHg, for a duration of one hour.
  • the sample was then subjected to a further heat treatment at 300° C., at atmospheric pressure, for two hours.
  • the product, obtained according to the invention, has therefore ideal characteristics for photovoltaic applications.
  • the product, obtained according to the invention, has therefore ideal characteristics for photovoltaic applications.
  • the coated cementitious substrate obtained in Example 3 was introduced into a vacuum chamber of a sputtering device for deposition of a homogeneous film of metallic molybdenum, in order to produce a solar cell with a thin CIGS-based film. Owing to the presence of surface defects due to the lack of pre-treatment of the sample, a continuous and homogeneous coating of the sample with the metallic molybdenum film could not be obtained, as shown in FIG. 1B .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
US14/354,288 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Preparation of cementitious articles with a high surface finish for use in electrical devices Abandoned US20140338740A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2011A001950 2011-10-27
IT001950A ITMI20111950A1 (it) 2011-10-27 2011-10-27 Preparazione di manufatti cementizi ad alta finitura superficiale per utilizzo in dispositivi elettrici
PCT/EP2012/004506 WO2013060477A1 (en) 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Preparation of cementitious articles with a high surface finish for use in electrical devices

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US20140338740A1 true US20140338740A1 (en) 2014-11-20

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US (1) US20140338740A1 (it)
EP (1) EP2771306B1 (it)
CA (1) CA2849550A1 (it)
CY (1) CY1117572T1 (it)
ES (1) ES2572971T3 (it)
IT (1) ITMI20111950A1 (it)
MA (1) MA35644B1 (it)
WO (1) WO2013060477A1 (it)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3022240A1 (fr) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-18 Lafarge Sa Beton revetu d'une couche mince photovoltaique, son procede de fabrication et element de construction comprenant un tel beton
FR3025794A1 (fr) * 2014-09-15 2016-03-18 Lafarge Sa Beton revetu d'une couche de polymeres deposee par technologie plasma et son procede de fabrication
EP3205634A1 (en) 2016-02-09 2017-08-16 Holcim Technology Ltd. Method of manufacturing a photovoltaic concrete
EP3453506A1 (en) 2017-09-11 2019-03-13 Holcim Technology Ltd. Method of manufacturing a concrete element

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