US20120216791A1 - Line Element Lead-Through - Google Patents

Line Element Lead-Through Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120216791A1
US20120216791A1 US13/403,396 US201213403396A US2012216791A1 US 20120216791 A1 US20120216791 A1 US 20120216791A1 US 201213403396 A US201213403396 A US 201213403396A US 2012216791 A1 US2012216791 A1 US 2012216791A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
line element
lead
element lead
molded
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/403,396
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English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Munzenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Priority to US13/455,078 priority Critical patent/US20120304979A1/en
Assigned to HILTI AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment HILTI AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MUNZENBERGER, HERBERT
Publication of US20120216791A1 publication Critical patent/US20120216791A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/02—Details
    • H02G3/08—Distribution boxes; Connection or junction boxes
    • H02G3/088—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings or inlets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/065—Physical fire-barriers having as the main closure device materials, whose characteristics undergo an irreversible change under high temperatures, e.g. intumescent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L5/00—Devices for use where pipes, cables or protective tubing pass through walls or partitions
    • F16L5/02—Sealing
    • F16L5/04—Sealing to form a firebreak device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/22—Installations of cables or lines through walls, floors or ceilings, e.g. into buildings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a line element lead-through that is sealed against fire and flue gas for passages in walls and ceilings, the invention especially relates to a line lead-through of an intumescent foam.
  • line elements e.g. pipes or cables or the like
  • barrier or a fitting in order to prevent flames and especially smoke and poisonous gases from spreading from room to room or between floors if there is a fire.
  • the lead-throughs and lead-through openings for cables, pipes and the like are problematic since they were not installed until after completion of the entire installation, i.e. retrofit, and also can only be retrofitted after the routing of the cables and pipes.
  • the wall lead-throughs either remain open or are only closed in a preliminary manner with mineral wool or stone wool cut to size.
  • these stoppers must be removed again, whereby after the lines and cables are passed through, the lead-throughs have to finally be closed using fire-resistant mortar, stone wool or mineral wool inserts.
  • drywall is often used.
  • the firewalls are often such drywalls.
  • the drywalls often are made of sandwich-type plasterboard and are hollow or filled with mineral wool. Therefore, it is possible to route installations, especially distribution of cables, in these walls.
  • EP 0321664 discloses a seal for lead-throughs in walls, ceilings, etc. that is sealed against flue gas and fire that includes a molded element designed as a conical stopper of an elastically deformable intumescent material.
  • the stopper is deformable with dimensional stability so it can be pressed through the lead-through and can seal it tightly.
  • lead-through holes can be formed for sealed holding of pipes and/or lines.
  • the lead-through holes must be adapted to the respective pipe and/or line diameters, in order to be able to seal tightly.
  • a considerable amount of work is required for subsequent equipping of the stopper with cables or lines, which makes the system inflexible and susceptible to errors.
  • the problem also results that because of its thickness the material does not seal the gussets and gaps that occur, so these have to additionally be sealed with special sealing compounds.
  • the fire protection element includes a sleeve of intumescent material or a plastic sleeve with an inner and/or outer coating of intumescent material.
  • the arrangement itself is not sealed against flue gas, so it cannot be used if the component lead-through is not equipped.
  • the arrangement has the disadvantage that equipping it with several long molded parts (line elements) is impossible because of the less flexible sleeve.
  • one or more embodiments of the present invention are based on the object of providing a line element lead-through that is simple in design, easy to handle and cost-effective for lead-throughs in component parts like fire protection ceilings and walls that can be installed in a simple way after creation of the components and permits a sealing of the lead-throughs that is fire and flue gas resistant even if the lead-throughs are not equipped.
  • this object is achieved in that the line element lead-through is characterized by a molded element of an elastically deformable intumescent material designed as a sleeve and closed on at least one side.
  • FIG. 1 shows a line element lead-through according to a first embodiment according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the line element lead-through shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a line element lead-through according to FIG. 1 inserted in a component opening equipped with a cable;
  • FIG. 4 shows a line element lead-through according to a second embodiment according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a line element lead-through according to FIG. 4 inserted in a component opening and equipped with a cable.
  • “elastically deformable” means that the material of which the line element lead-through is made of is sufficiently elastic so that pressing it together is possible without problems, i.e. without exerting a great deal of force, say by hand, and the line element lead-through again assumes its original shape;
  • form fitting means that the line element lead-through contacts the inner wall of the component lead-through directly not only in one spot but over a certain area and forms a contact surface
  • intumescent material means an intumescent foam material that carbonizes at temperatures starting at approx. 150° C. and/or the effect of flame with multiple increases in volume; an intumescent material according to one or more embodiments of the present invention that can be used is described, for example, in DE 3917518 or U.S. Pat. No. 3,574,664;
  • ash forming means that the foam carbonizes without significant intumescence
  • line element means cables like electrical cables, lines, empty pipes, pipes, bundles of lines or pipes and the like;
  • “seal” means that in a one-piece hollow molded element, the base and/or the cover surface is closed;
  • opening cross section means the cross section of the line element lead-through that can be equipped with cables.
  • the line element lead-through according to one or more embodiments of the present invention is advantageously formed so that it can be slid manually into a circular or oval passage through the wall. Because of a slight excess dimension of the shape designed as a sleeve and the elastically deformable material, after sliding in, the line element feed-through contacts the inner wall of the passage with a specified pressure and seals it. More precisely, this is achieved when the outer diameter of the line element lead-through is somewhat larger than that of the diameter of the component opening. Preferably the outer diameter is 1 to 5 mm larger than the diameter of the component opening, and greatly preferred 2 to 3 mm.
  • the elastically deformable material of which this is made of also makes possible sealing against fire and flue gas after the introduction of at least one line.
  • the cables passed through compress the pierced wall of the line element lead-through and thus generate an extensive sealing against flue gas.
  • the general construction approval no. Z-19.15-349 prescribes that the entire permissible cross section of the installation, related to the respective outer dimensions, must be no more than 60% of the rough opening in total, the so-called 60% rule.
  • the line element lead-through according to one or more embodiments of the present invention is designed so that the free opening of the truncated cone corresponds to the opening cross section and thus 60% of the cross section of the component opening.
  • the opening of the truncated cone can be filled completely with line elements without violating the 60% rule. Cables and empty pipes are led through individually or as bundles up to this max. inner diameter.
  • the molded element is made of an ash-forming and/or intumescent foam. This makes it possible to create the component lead-throughs prophylactically and in spite of them being filled, sealing them at temperatures starting from approx. 150° C. and/or with the effective flame against passage of air and/or smoke and only passing the line elements through when necessary.
  • the line element lead-through is designed as one piece.
  • the line element lead-through is provided on the base surface with a flange-like edging that points radially outward. This prevents, for one thing, sliding the line element lead-through too far into the opening, preventing the line element lead-through, for example, from falling into the hollow space of drywalls.
  • the edging additionally seals the component opening in the case of a fire whether it is filled with a line element or not.
  • the molded element of the line element lead-through is closed on its cover surface in order to form a seal.
  • the base or the cover surface of the molded element is closed, or both. Both permit a sealing of the component passage that is sealed against fire and flue gas.
  • a molded element that is closed on one side is simpler and less expensive to manufacture without any sacrifice to its functionality, so this embodiment is highly preferred whereby it is especially preferred if the molded element is closed on its cover surface.
  • the wall thickness of the molded element should be selected depending on the size of the component passage to be sealed and accordingly the size of the line element lead-through to be used so that, for one thing, there is no negative effect on the flexibility of the line element lead-through and, for another, a form-fitting seal of the component passage is ensured.
  • the wall of the molded element must be at least thick enough so that the cross section of the free opening to be equipped is no greater than 60% of the cross section of the component opening. If the wall thickness is too great, the line element lead-through is not form-fit on the component passage and the outer wall of the component, which means that sealing against flue gas is no longer ensured.
  • the wall thickness d 1 is 5 to 20 mm, more preferably 8 to 16 mm, but at least thick enough so that the 60% rule is not violated.
  • the area 12.6 cm 2 must be filled 7.5 cm 2 according to the 60% rule, this corresponds to a ⁇ of 3.1 cm.
  • the wall thickness must be at least 5 mm.
  • the wall thickness would thus be 7 mm and for 10 cm ⁇ it would be 11 mm.
  • the material of the line element lead-through is not adequate to create adequate intumescence and an adequately stable ash crust for sealing the component passage in the case of fire.
  • the molded element would be susceptible to cracks so sealing against flue gas could no longer be ensured.
  • the wall thickness d 2 of the seal is less than the remaining molded part in order to make it easier to pierce it with a line element. However, it must be selected such that after piercing, the seal lies form-fit on the line element so that in case of fire an adequate sealing against flue gas is ensured.
  • the wall thickness is 2 to 8 mm, more preferably 3 to 6 mm.
  • the seal has predetermined breaking points to make it easier to pierce the seal.
  • the specified breaking points are distinguished in that the material of the molded element is thinner at these points than the wall, preferably between 1 and 4 mm, and more preferably between 2 and 3 mm.
  • these spots have a specific shape.
  • the specified breaking points can be circular, star-shaped or cross-shaped, whereby the geometry of the specified breaking point is not restricted.
  • the specified breaking point can also include several individual specified breaking points, circles of different diameters lying inside each other.
  • the molded element is designed as a truncated cone. Because of this, there is a certain flexibility when the line element lead-through is not completely filled, say with only one line element or a line element with a diameter that is smaller than the opening diameter of the line element, without having a negative influence on the sealing against flue gas.
  • the seal is designed as a membrane.
  • the molded element is designed as a truncated cone. Because of the shape designed as a truncated cone, a case is achieved in which the user has a certain amount of freedom during selection of the line elements so that a line element lead-through can hold and seal at least one line element of different thickness/diameter.
  • the molded element is designed as a cylinder. In this way, better sealing against flue gas can be achieved since the longish element can better compensate or bridge unevenness in the walls of the component passage.
  • the length 1 of the molded element is preferably 3 to 6 cm, and more preferably 3.5 to 5 cm, no matter whether it is designed as a truncated cone or a cylinder.
  • the cylindrical molded element preferably has at least one bead running around it radially that is arranged at a distance from the flange-like edging. When there are several beads, these are also arranged at a distance from each other.
  • the (first) bead is arranged at a distance from the flange-like edging so that with a sandwich-type plasterboard, a lock is formed directly behind it that prevents or will make it more difficult for the line element lead-through to fall out or be pulled out unintentionally when the line element is pulled through or if there is a light pull on the line element lead-through.
  • the thickness of a standard sandwich-type plasterboard panel is 12.5 mm and in the USA 16 mm, so the distance of the (first) bead from the flange-like edging is 12.5 mm or 16 mm, respectively, starting from the edge of the flange-like edging contacting the component. If thicker walls are required, generally two (double panels) or more of the sandwich-type plasterboards are placed behind each other.
  • a second bead is provided that according to one or more embodiments of the present invention is arranged at a distance from the first bead so that the distance of the second bead with respect to the flange-like edging is the thickness of the paneling, namely 25 mm or 32 mm, respectively, starting from the edge of the flange-like edging contacting the component. If no flange-like edging is provided, the distances are measured from the front edge of the line element lead-through.
  • the bead In axial direction, the bead has a thickness from 4 to 6 mm.
  • the thickness in radial direction is 2 to 4 mm.
  • the seal in the molded element is mounted at a distance from the end that is opposite the opening, i.e. that is located in the component hole in the component after introduction of the line element lead-through.
  • the part of the molded element projecting beyond the seal then forms a guide, which makes it easier to pass line elements from the inside of the drywall.
  • the molded element is manufactured using mold-foaming with reaction foams (RIM) according to DE 3917518, e.g. with Fomox® fire-resistant foam or with the material HILTI CP 65GN that forms an insulating layer.
  • RIM reaction foams
  • Materials that can be used for the purposes of one or more embodiments of the present invention are known from EP 0061024 A1, EP 0051106 A1, EP 0043952 A1, EP 0158165 A1, EP 0116846A1 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,396,129A as well as EP 1347549 A1.
  • the molded element is made of polyurethane foam capable of intumescence as known from EP 0061024 A1, DE 3025309 A1, DE 3041731 A1, DE 3302416 A and DE 3411 327 A1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a line element lead-through of a molded element 1 designed as a truncated cone with a flange-like edging 2 that points radially outward according to one embodiment of the invention in which the base surface of the truncated cone forms the opening 3 and the closed cover surface of the truncated cone forms the seal 4 .
  • the specified breaking point 5 in the form of a star can be seen that is designed on the seal 4 .
  • FIG. 2 shows the truncated cone shape of the molded element 1 with a length 1 , wherein the material thickness d 1 of the edging 2 is not included, a wall thickness of the molded element d 1 , and a wall thickness d 2 of the seal 4 .
  • the thinner specified breaking point 5 that is arranged in the center of the seal is also indicated opposite the wall thickness d 2 of the seal 4 .
  • FIG. 3 shows the barrier of an opening 7 in a component 6 with line element lead-through according to FIG. 1 according to one or more embodiments of the present invention, through which a line element 8 in the form of a cable is passed.
  • FIG. 4 shows a line element lead-through of a molded element 1 designed as a cylinder with a flange-like edging 2 , an opening 3 , a seal 4 and two beads 11 and 12 according to a second alternative embodiment according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows the barrier of an opening 7 in a component 6 that is made of two sandwich-type plasterboards (double paneled drywall) with the line element lead-through according to the embodiment according to FIG. 4 when equipped with a line element 8 .
  • the second bead 12 engages behind the second plasterboard panel and thus forms a lock against unintentional pulling out of the line element lead-through.
  • the first bead 11 is compressed, whereby additionally a clamping of the line element lead-through with the inner wall 7 of the component opening 6 is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US13/403,396 2010-11-19 2012-02-23 Line Element Lead-Through Abandoned US20120216791A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/455,078 US20120304979A1 (en) 2010-11-19 2012-04-24 Line Element Lead-Through with Support Structure

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011004575A DE102011004575A1 (de) 2011-02-23 2011-02-23 Leitungselementdurchführung
DE102011004575.9 2011-02-23

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/300,321 Continuation-In-Part US20120207961A1 (en) 2010-11-19 2011-11-18 Fire protection element

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/455,078 Continuation-In-Part US20120304979A1 (en) 2010-11-19 2012-04-24 Line Element Lead-Through with Support Structure

Publications (1)

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US20120216791A1 true US20120216791A1 (en) 2012-08-30

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US13/403,396 Abandoned US20120216791A1 (en) 2010-11-19 2012-02-23 Line Element Lead-Through

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US (1) US20120216791A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2493041A3 (de)
AU (1) AU2012200767A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2767756A1 (de)
DE (1) DE102011004575A1 (de)

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US20120304979A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-12-06 Herbert Munzenberger Line Element Lead-Through with Support Structure
US20130068487A1 (en) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-21 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fire protection element
US20130091789A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-04-18 Sebastian Simon Fire-Prevention Sleeve, Use of the Fire-Prevention Sleeve, Method for Installing a Fire-Prevention Sleeve, and Ceiling Passage
US9086174B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-07-21 Securus, Inc. Extendable sleeve for poured concrete deck
US9103116B2 (en) 2013-11-05 2015-08-11 Securus, Inc. Extendable sleeve for poured concrete deck
CN105299328A (zh) * 2015-10-29 2016-02-03 广州番禺电缆集团有限公司 一种电缆孔洞封堵器
US20170030490A1 (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-02-02 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Air, acoustic and/or fire sealing sleeve insert and air, acoustic and/or fire sealing device
US20170115001A1 (en) * 2015-10-27 2017-04-27 Noritz Corporation Exhaust structure for combustion apparatus
JP2017131561A (ja) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-03 積水化学工業株式会社 防火材、防火材の成形方法
WO2018009929A1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2018-01-11 Fischer Block, Inc. Enhanced mounting system for panel mount test switches and test blocks
US9995037B2 (en) 2013-07-17 2018-06-12 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Through-penetration device, method for manufacturing a through-penetration device, and method for installing a through-penetration device
JP2019084291A (ja) * 2017-11-10 2019-06-06 古河電気工業株式会社 防火構造体の施工方法
US20190271416A1 (en) * 2017-02-22 2019-09-05 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fire protection element
US20190290947A1 (en) * 2016-05-20 2019-09-26 Specified Technologies Inc. Bus duct firestop system
US10975567B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2021-04-13 Reliance Worldwide Corporation Extendable sleeve for poured concrete deck
US11094435B2 (en) 2018-07-02 2021-08-17 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Bushing element and system composed of a separator and a bushing element

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DE102012022973A1 (de) * 2012-11-26 2014-05-28 Murrplastik Systemtechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Abdecken und/oder Abdichten eines Wanddurchbruchs
EP3147055A1 (de) * 2015-09-28 2017-03-29 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Lochsäge
EP3401582A1 (de) * 2017-05-10 2018-11-14 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Dichtelement und brandschutzset mit dichtelement
DE102018002869B4 (de) * 2018-04-06 2020-02-06 Langmatz Gmbh Stopfen
DE102018114683A1 (de) * 2018-06-19 2019-12-19 Aik Flammadur Brandschutz Gmbh Nachbelegungsvorrichtung zum Einbau in eine rauch-, gas- und wasserdichte, sowie zeitweise hitze- und feuerfeste Kabel- und/oder Rohrdurchführung für Schiffe oder Gebäude
CN112653040A (zh) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-13 贵州电网有限责任公司 一种线缆封堵胶套

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CA2767756A1 (en) 2012-08-23
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EP2493041A3 (de) 2016-06-08
EP2493041A2 (de) 2012-08-29

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