US20090056333A1 - Working Fluid For An Orc Process, Orc Process and Orc Apparatus - Google Patents

Working Fluid For An Orc Process, Orc Process and Orc Apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20090056333A1
US20090056333A1 US12/066,018 US6601806A US2009056333A1 US 20090056333 A1 US20090056333 A1 US 20090056333A1 US 6601806 A US6601806 A US 6601806A US 2009056333 A1 US2009056333 A1 US 2009056333A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
working fluid
partially
perfluorinated
orc
fluid according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/066,018
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Schwiegel
Felix Flohr
Christoph Meurer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Solvay Fluor GmbH
Original Assignee
Solvay Fluor GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Solvay Fluor GmbH filed Critical Solvay Fluor GmbH
Priority to US12/066,018 priority Critical patent/US20090056333A1/en
Assigned to SOLVAY FLUOR GMBH reassignment SOLVAY FLUOR GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MEURER, CHRISTOPH, FLOHR, FELIX, SCHWIEGEL, MARTIN
Publication of US20090056333A1 publication Critical patent/US20090056333A1/en
Assigned to SOLVAY FLUOR GMBH reassignment SOLVAY FLUOR GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MEURER, CHRISTOPH, FLOHR, FELIX, SCHWIEGEL, MARTIN
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours

Definitions

  • the invention relates to working fluids for an ORC process for energy conversion in a thermal cycle process for combined generation of electrical and heat energy, to an ORC process and to an apparatus for performing an ORC process.
  • the ORC (organic Rankine cycle) process is a thermodynamic cycle named after William Rankine.
  • ORC installations convert thermal energy into electric current.
  • selection of the appropriate working fluids allows temperature differences to be bridged and utilized.
  • Such plants are utilized for the electrical energy generation from the waste heat of plants for glass production, cement furnaces, steel furnaces and other processes with waste heat of a temperature greater than 150° C.
  • the utilization of geothermal heat, solar heat or the waste heat from the incineration of waste, biomass and other liquid or solid fuels, or combined operation of gas turbines and waste heat utilization, is likewise possible by means of an ORC process.
  • Geothermal heat can either be utilized directly or be converted to electrical energy.
  • the conversion of the geothermal heat to electrical energy is becoming ever more significant.
  • steam-powered processes operated with an organic working fluid ORC working fluid
  • Such a system with an organic working fluid is composed of the main components of evaporator, turbine, condenser and feed pump, and the accompanying control and regulation elements.
  • the working fluid is selected such that its thermodynamic properties are adjusted to the heat source present. Preference is given to using working fluids which evaporate at comparatively low temperatures.
  • the geothermal heat is utilized as a heat source in the form of hot thermal water with a temperature of, for example, approx. 180° C.
  • Thermal water with a lower temperature is likewise utilizable as a heat source, in which case a working fluid with appropriately low evaporation temperature has to be selected.
  • the working fluid is preheated by the heat source, then superheated and finally decompressed in a turbine and, as this is done, via a shaft, drives a generator for electricity generation. Subsequently, the working fluid is condensed and compressed again by means of the feed pump and recycled into the preheater.
  • the working fluids are selected taking account of the heat content of the heat source.
  • the working fluid should be non-toxic and not have any ozone-depleting potential. Moreover, it should as far as possible not be combustible and also have a still appropriately low pressure at high temperatures.
  • the working fluid should have a high thermal and chemical stability. Since working fluids are used in closed circuits which typically consist of metallic components, the question of reactivity and of corrosion behaviour toward the metals used is likewise an important aspect in the selection of the working fluids.
  • Suitable working fluids which have already been used include hydrocarbons such as pentane, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as trifluoromethane, tetrafluoromethane, pentafluoropropane (EP 0 066 439, U.S. Pat. No. 6,880,344).
  • hydrocarbons such as pentane
  • halogenated hydrocarbons such as trifluoromethane, tetrafluoromethane, pentafluoropropane (EP 0 066 439, U.S. Pat. No. 6,880,344).
  • a significant disadvantage in the case of use of pure hydrocarbons is their explosiveness.
  • Still another subject of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for performing an ORC process.
  • the working fluid comprising at least one compound selected from the group of the partially or perfluorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrafluoroethane, especially 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoropropane, especially 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane, especially 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, pentafluorobutane, especially 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, hexafluorobutane, heptafluorobutane, decafluoropentane, perfluoropentane, perfluorohexane or mixtures thereof, and/or at least one compound from the group of the partially or perfluorinated polyethers and/or of the partially or perfluorinated ketones; by a ORC
  • a working fluid comprising at least one compound selected from the group of the partially or perfluorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrafluoroethane, especially 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoropropane, especially 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane, especially 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, pentafluorobutane, especially 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, hexafluorobutane, heptafluorobutane, decafluoropentane, perfluoropentane, perfluorohexane or mixtures thereof, and/or at least one compound from the group of the partially or perfluorinated polyethers and/or of the partially or perfluorinated keto
  • ORC working fluids are described in detail.
  • the preferred embodiments of the ORC working fluids as described in detail below are also preferred embodiments of the ORC process in which they are applied, and of the apparatus in which they are comprised.
  • the inventive working fluid is selected from the multitude of suitable compounds or mixtures of these compounds such that the boiling point of the working fluid used is below the temperature of the heat source, so that the evaporation of the working fluid is possible without any great technical complexity.
  • the composition of the mixtures is preferably selected such that an azeotropic or virtually azeotropic mixture is formed.
  • the working fluid used is stable within the temperature range of interest and has good thermodynamic properties.
  • Suitable perfluorinated polyethers are described, for example, in WO 02/38718. These perfluorinated polyethers consist essentially of carbon, fluorine and oxygen atoms and comprise at least two, preferably three, C—O—C ether linkages, or a mixture of several compounds satisfying that definition. Often, the oxygen atoms in the perfluoropolyether are exclusively present within the C—O—C ether linkages.
  • the perfluoropolyethers generally have a molecular weight of about 200 or more. Generally they have a molecular weight of less than about 1500. If the polyether is a mixture of several substances, the molecular weight is the weight-average molecular weight.
  • the perfluoropolyether has a boiling point greater than or equal to 40° C. at 101.3 kPa.
  • the perfluoropolyether generally has a boiling point less or equal to about 200° C. at 101.3 kPa.
  • these perfluoropolyethers often are a mixture of individual substances.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the perfluoropolyether is less than or equal to 1 cSt (Centistoke) at 25° C. Generally, the kinematic viscosity is at least 0.3 cSt at 25° C.
  • the preferred perfluoro polyethers used are the products marketed by Solvay Solexis under the names GALDEN® and FOMBLIN®.
  • Examples include:
  • GALDEN® HT 55 boiling point 57° C. at 101.3 kPA; average molecular weight 340
  • GALDEN® HT 70 boiling point 66° C. at 101.3 kPa; average molecular weight 410
  • FOMBLIN® PFS1 boiling point 90° C. at 101.3 kPa; average molecular weight 460
  • the suitable partially fluorinated polyethers used may be the hydrofluoro ethers marketed by 3M under the name NOVEC®.
  • the GALDEN® and FOMBLIN® systems are usually multicomponent systems having a boiling point in the range from 40 to 76° C.
  • the partially fluorinated hydrocarbons used are especially 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC 134a), 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC 245fa) or their mixtures with one another.
  • HFC-365mfc 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • HFC 134a 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane
  • HFC 245fa 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane
  • the partially or perfluorinated polyethers used are preferably GALDEN®HT 55, GALDEN® HT 70.
  • the fluorinated ketones used are partially or perfluorinated ketones of the general formula R—C(O)—R′ where R and R′ are partially or perfluorinated substituents which may be the same or different and are preferably fluorinated alkyl groups. However, R may also be a linear or branched alkyl group.
  • the fluorinated alkyl groups having preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms may likewise be linear or branched, in which case not more than two fluorine atoms may be replaced by hydrogen.
  • R is preferably perfluoroisopropyl and R′ is preferably a trifluoromethyl or pentafluoroethyl group.
  • the partially fluorinated ketone used is a compound of the abovementioned general formula in which R is a linear or branched alkyl group, preferably a methyl group, and R′ is as defined above.
  • R is a linear or branched alkyl group, preferably a methyl group
  • R′ is as defined above.
  • Mixtures of the ketones with the fluorinated hydrocarbons are likewise suitable. The preparation of these fluorinated ketones is described in EP 1 261 398.
  • the boiling points of the suitable ketones are within the range from 0° C. to about 150° C., preferably in the range from 0° C. to about 110° C., in particular in the range from 0° C. to about 75° C.
  • fluorinated ketones from the group of CF 3 C(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 , CF 3 CF 2 C(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 , CH 3 C(O)CF 2 CF 2 H, CH 3 C(O)CF 2 CFHCF 3 are used.
  • the ketones are used as a working fluid in combination with partially or perfluorinated hydrocarbons.
  • mixtures which comprise or consist of HFC-365mfc and at least one compound of the ketones mentioned, preferably CF 3 C(O)CF(CF 3 ) 2 are used.
  • a preferred embodiment concerns mixtures comprising one or more hydrofluorocarbons and one or more (partially and/or per-)fluorinated ethers and/or one or more (partially and/or per-)fluorinated ketones.
  • mixtures comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) and/or 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC 245fa) as hydrofluorocarbons(s).
  • compositions described in WO 02/38718 are especially suitable as working fluids according to the present invention.
  • the weight ratio of the hydrofluoroalkane to the perfluoropolyether is generally greater than or equal to 5:95, often greater than or equal to 10:90, preferably greater than or equal to 25:75.
  • the weight ratio of the hydrofluoroalkane to the perfluoropolyether is generally less than or equal to 95:5, often less than or equal to 90:10, preferably less than or equal to 85:15.
  • the binary azeotropes or pseudo-azeotropes formed from HFC-365mfc and especially the perfluoropolyethers GALDEN® HT55, GALDEN® HT70 or FOMBLIN® PFS1, which are described in WO 02/38718, are examples for suitable mixtures useful as ORC working fluids according to the present invention.
  • the working fluid used is a mixture of HFC-365mfc and GALDEN® HT 55 in a mixing ratio of 65 to 35%.
  • HFC-365mfc and hydrofluoroethers or HFC-365mfc and perfluorohexane or HFC-365mfc and perfluoropentane or HFC-365mfc and decafluoropentane are likewise preferred working fluids, especially for energy conversion using geothermal water as the heat source.
  • the mixing ratio may be different and, for example, be 50/50, 40/60 or 65/35.
  • the mixing ratio should be selected such that an azeotropic or virtually azeotropic mixture is formed.
  • the inventive working fluids may especially be used for energy conversion starting from heat sources having a temperature of about 50 to 180° C. They are particularly suitable for conversion of geothermal heat, in the form of thermal water, to electrical energy. Energy conversion utilizing other heat sources, such as solar heat or waste heat from refuse incineration, biomass or other liquid or solid fuels is likewise conceivable.
  • Suitable biomass includes, for example, biomass from plants or feces from animal husbandry.
  • waste heat e.g. from industrial processes
  • the conversion is performed in an installation or plant for combined heat and power, e.g. in a communal heating/power station.
  • the working fluids mentioned above are suitable for cooling photo-voltaic cells for increasing the conversion of solar energy.
  • the heat energy absorbed thereby can be utilized for example, according to the present invention, for conversion into additional electric energy. Cooling can be effected here separately, e.g. via a flange-mounted structural element, but as well by direct immersion of the photo-voltaic cells into the working fluid (immersion cooling).
  • the working fluids according to the present invention can be applied to use heat sources directly in work machines or processing machines, such as, for example, decentralized work or processing machines, especially autarchic pumps in which, for example, solar energy is converted into mechanical energy.
  • decentralized means in this context especially that the work or processing machine is supplied essentially according to the present invention with energy from a heat source which naturally occurs at the location of the work or processing machine, or which was created artificially for the needs of the work or processing machine.
  • Combination of a plurality of process stages, for example in the form of secondary cycles, allows the efficiency of the plants to be increased.
  • the working fluids used in the individual secondary cycles may be the same or different.
  • the waste heat of the individual secondary cycles of the cycle process is sent in each case to the next process or the next stage.
  • the working fluids may be selected such that they have different vapour pressures as a function of the temperature, and the vapour pressures should each be within the optimal range.
  • the thermal water is delivered into the plant with a depth pump.
  • the heat is released to the working fluid in a preheater and an evaporator.
  • the working fluid circulates in a so-called secondary circuit, where, after the pressure increase by the feed pump, it passes through the preheater and the evaporator.
  • the superheated steam is decompressed in the turbine and drives, via a shaft, a generator for electricity generation. The decompression does not proceed above the condensation curve, but rather always remains outside the wet steam range.
  • the decompressed fluid is thus still superheated and this heat must be removed before the working fluid condenses and it is passed back to the preheater.
  • the removed heat can for example be used to heat rooms.
  • the preferred working fluids especially a mixture of 60 to 70% by weight, preferably 65% by weight, of HFC-365mfc, and 30 to 40% by weight, preferably 35% by weight, GALDEN® HT55 perfluoropolyethers, are especially suitable for all of the applications described above.
  • An apparatus comprising the ORC working fluid according to the present invention, suitable for performing the ORC process of the present invention is also subject of the present invention.
  • Such apparatus in principle are known. They usually comprise means to heat up the ORC working fluid, e.g. an evaporator, optionally a preheater and/or superheater, a turbine which is connected to a generator for producing electrical current, and a heat consumer (condenser) for the ORC working fluid.
  • FIG. 1 gives a sketch of an apparatus according to the invention. It comprises an evaporator E, a line 1 which is connected to the evaporator and a heat consumer HC tvia a pump P in which the ORC fluid is compressed.
  • line 1 liquid ORC working fluid is transported from the heat consumer HC to the evaporator E.
  • the evaporator E is connected through a line 2 with a turbine T.
  • ORC working fluid is transported in vapour form to the turbine T.
  • Turbine T is connected to a generator G which produces electrical energy.
  • the turbine T is connected to the heat consumer HC via line 3 .
  • the vapour leaving the turbine through line 3 is condensed in the heat consumer HC.
  • Evaporator E can be heated by respective heat sources like geothermal water, biomass etc.
  • the apparatus according to the invention comprises one of the above-mentioned ORC working fluids.
  • the heat generated in the heat consumer HC can for example be used for heating rooms.
  • the ORC process starts from an external heat supply via a preheater and an evaporator.
  • the heat source used was geothermal water having a temperature of 100° C.
  • the fluid, a mixture of HFC-365mfc and GALDEN® HT 55 (mixing ratio 65/35% by weight) evaporates in the evaporator.
  • the fluid vapour passes to a turbine which drives a generator for electricity generation.
  • the fluid was conducted into a condenser (heat consumer) and the fluid condensed here was recycled back into the preheater.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Polyethers (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US12/066,018 2005-09-19 2006-09-19 Working Fluid For An Orc Process, Orc Process and Orc Apparatus Abandoned US20090056333A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/066,018 US20090056333A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2006-09-19 Working Fluid For An Orc Process, Orc Process and Orc Apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05019969A EP1764487A1 (de) 2005-09-19 2005-09-19 Arbeitsfluid für einen ORC-Prozess
EP05019969.4 2005-09-19
US79073806P 2006-04-10 2006-04-10
PCT/EP2006/066488 WO2007033958A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2006-09-19 Working fluid for an orc process, orc process and orc apparatus
US12/066,018 US20090056333A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2006-09-19 Working Fluid For An Orc Process, Orc Process and Orc Apparatus

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/066488 A-371-Of-International WO2007033958A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2006-09-19 Working fluid for an orc process, orc process and orc apparatus

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/046,254 Division US8245512B2 (en) 2005-09-19 2011-03-11 Working fluid comprising a fluorinated ketone for an ORC process, and ORC apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20090056333A1 true US20090056333A1 (en) 2009-03-05

Family

ID=35717565

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/066,018 Abandoned US20090056333A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2006-09-19 Working Fluid For An Orc Process, Orc Process and Orc Apparatus
US13/046,254 Expired - Fee Related US8245512B2 (en) 2005-09-19 2011-03-11 Working fluid comprising a fluorinated ketone for an ORC process, and ORC apparatus

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/046,254 Expired - Fee Related US8245512B2 (en) 2005-09-19 2011-03-11 Working fluid comprising a fluorinated ketone for an ORC process, and ORC apparatus

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US20090056333A1 (de)
EP (2) EP1764487A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2009508978A (de)
KR (1) KR20080045716A (de)
CN (1) CN101283162A (de)
RU (1) RU2008115437A (de)
WO (1) WO2007033958A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200802273B (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011029488A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-03-17 Abb Research Ltd Transformer comprising a heat pipe
ITMI20101121A1 (it) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-22 Exergy Engineering S R L Apparato per convertire energia termica in energia elettrica e/o meccanica tramite un ciclo rankine organico
US20120017591A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2012-01-26 Leveson Philip D Simultaneous production of electrical power and potable water
US8570131B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2013-10-29 Abb Technology Ag Transformer
US8820080B2 (en) * 2010-06-28 2014-09-02 Marvin Duane Julian Nonfractionalized biomass-fueled refrigerant-based cogeneration
DE102013205266A1 (de) * 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wärmekraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmekraftmaschine
US20170241679A1 (en) * 2014-09-02 2017-08-24 Cyclect Electrical Engineering Pte Ltd Heat recovery system and method
US10787936B2 (en) * 2015-08-13 2020-09-29 Gas Expansion Motors Limited Thermodynamic engine

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7225621B2 (en) * 2005-03-01 2007-06-05 Ormat Technologies, Inc. Organic working fluids
EP1983038A1 (de) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-22 Turboden S.r.l. Turbogenerator (orc) für Anwendungen bei mittleren bis niedrigen Temperaturen unter Verwendung einer Flüssigkeit mit azeotropem Verhalten
DE202007018628U1 (de) 2007-06-14 2009-01-15 Conpower Energieanlagen Gmbh & Co Kg. Einrichtung zur Stromerzeugung aus Wärme
DE102007035058A1 (de) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Conpower Energieanlagen Gmbh & Co Kg Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Stromerzeugung
ITBZ20090005A1 (it) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-05 Walter Klotz Procedimento termomeccanico per alimentare un fluido ad un motore di espansione e impianto termomeccanico per la sua attuazione.
DE202009018213U1 (de) 2009-06-12 2011-06-09 Abb Technology Ag Dielektrisches Isolationsmedium
DE202009018239U1 (de) 2009-06-12 2011-06-01 Abb Technology Ag Schalteinrichtung mit dielektrischem Isolationsmedium
RU2504033C2 (ru) 2009-06-12 2014-01-10 Абб Текнолоджи Аг Диэлектрическая изоляционная среда
DE202009009305U1 (de) 2009-06-17 2009-11-05 Ormazabal Gmbh Schalteinrichtung für Mittel-, Hoch- oder Höchstspannung mit einem Füllmedium
FR2957606B1 (fr) * 2010-03-19 2012-05-18 Arkema France Fluide frigorigene pour le transfert de chaleur a haute temperature
RU2457338C2 (ru) * 2010-08-26 2012-07-27 Игорь Анатольевич Ревенко Способ преобразования тепловой энергии в механическую, способ увеличения энтальпии и коэффициента сжимаемости водяного пара
DK2652752T3 (en) 2010-12-14 2016-01-11 Abb Technology Ag Dielectric INSULATION MEDIUM
CN103430244A (zh) 2010-12-14 2013-12-04 Abb研究有限公司 介电绝缘介质
EP2652753B1 (de) 2010-12-16 2015-08-26 ABB Technology AG Dielektrisches isoliermedium
ITMI20110684A1 (it) 2011-04-21 2012-10-22 Exergy Orc S R L Impianto e processo per la produzione di energia tramite ciclo rankine organico
WO2013087700A1 (en) 2011-12-13 2013-06-20 Abb Technology Ag Sealed and gas insulated high voltage converter environment for offshore platforms
CN103409114B (zh) * 2012-10-31 2017-06-06 浙江蓝天环保高科技股份有限公司 一种蒸发冷却介质
DE102013211087A1 (de) * 2013-06-14 2015-01-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Wärmepumpenanordnung und Wärmepumpenanordnung
CN107430925B (zh) * 2014-12-12 2020-11-24 Abb电网瑞士股份公司 流体绝缘式电气设备及其冷却方法
RU2720873C2 (ru) 2015-11-13 2020-05-13 Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. Способ генерирования энергии с помощью комбинированного цикла
FR3063775B1 (fr) * 2017-03-07 2022-05-06 Ifp Energies Now Turbopompe pour un circuit fluidique, notamment pour un circuit ferme en particulier de type a cycle de rankine
WO2019053550A1 (en) 2017-09-12 2019-03-21 Politecnico Di Milano CO2 MIXTURES USED AS WORKING FLUID IN THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES
KR102070808B1 (ko) * 2019-07-31 2020-01-30 강성선 중압 발전 시스템 및 이를 이용한 발전 방법
CN111647391B (zh) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-21 浙江诺亚氟化工有限公司 一种多效有机型冷却液组合物及其应用

Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3584457A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-06-15 Cox Ass Edwin External combustion power generating system
US4224795A (en) * 1978-12-26 1980-09-30 Allied Chemical Corporation Method for converting heat energy to mechanical energy with monochlorotetrafluoroethane
US4459810A (en) * 1981-05-26 1984-07-17 Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Working fluids for use with rankine cycle
US4651531A (en) * 1982-12-03 1987-03-24 Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Working fluids for Rankine cycle
US4876855A (en) * 1986-01-08 1989-10-31 Ormat Turbines (1965) Ltd. Working fluid for rankine cycle power plant
US5210106A (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-05-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fine-celled plastic foam containing fluorochemical blowing agent
US5298083A (en) * 1991-08-15 1994-03-29 Alliedsignal Inc. Method of dissolving contaminants from substrates by using hydrofluorocarbon solvents having a portion which is fluorocarbon and the remaining portion is hydrocarbon
US5376359A (en) * 1992-07-07 1994-12-27 Glaxo, Inc. Method of stabilizing aerosol formulations
US5696307A (en) * 1994-01-21 1997-12-09 Alliedsignal Inc. Hydrofluoroalkanes as cleaning and degreasing solvents
US5817708A (en) * 1996-07-19 1998-10-06 The B. F. Goodrich Company Low volatile organic solvent based adhesive
US5993682A (en) * 1996-09-09 1999-11-30 University Of New Mexico Hydrobromocarbon blends to protect against fires and explosions
US6101813A (en) * 1998-04-07 2000-08-15 Moncton Energy Systems Inc. Electric power generator using a ranking cycle drive and exhaust combustion products as a heat source
US6313083B1 (en) * 1995-05-16 2001-11-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Azeotrope-like compositions and their use
US6423673B1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2002-07-23 3M Innovation Properties Company Azeotrope-like compositions and their use
US20030134757A1 (en) * 2001-09-19 2003-07-17 Milbrath Dean S. Composition comprising lubricious additive for cutting or abrasive working and a method therefor
US6660709B1 (en) * 1998-12-12 2003-12-09 Solvay (Societe Anonyme) Compositions comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and use of these compositions
US6880344B2 (en) * 2002-11-13 2005-04-19 Utc Power, Llc Combined rankine and vapor compression cycles
US20050247056A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 United Technologies Corporation Startup and control methods for an orc bottoming plant
US20060010872A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-19 Honeywell International Inc. Working fluids for thermal energy conversion of waste heat from fuel cells using rankine cycle systems
US20060116036A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-01 Sundel Timothy N Method and apparatus for decreasing marine vessel power plant exhaust temperature

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US688034A (en) * 1900-12-19 1901-12-03 Henry Spengler Hat-box.
JPS57195180A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-11-30 Daikin Ind Ltd Working fluid for rankine cycle
JPS57195179A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-11-30 Daikin Ind Ltd Working fluid for rankine cycle
US4424795A (en) * 1981-12-18 1984-01-10 Plessner Jac A Heater box for use as an improved portable soldering furnace unit
JPS63308084A (ja) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-15 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 作動媒体混合物
JPH07118596A (ja) 1993-10-25 1995-05-09 Daikin Ind Ltd 撥水撥油剤組成物およびその製法
JPH0820553A (ja) 1994-07-06 1996-01-23 Chuo Aerosol Kagaku Kk 混合液体組成物
KR20080098556A (ko) * 2000-11-08 2008-11-10 솔베이(소시에떼아노님) 용매 조성물
ITMI20020012A1 (it) * 2002-01-08 2003-07-08 Ausimont Spa Uso di liquidi fluorurati
US7100380B2 (en) * 2004-02-03 2006-09-05 United Technologies Corporation Organic rankine cycle fluid
US20050188697A1 (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-01 Honeywell Corporation Fluorinated ketone and fluorinated ethers as working fluids for thermal energy conversion
US20060112693A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-01 Sundel Timothy N Method and apparatus for power generation using waste heat
AR053107A1 (es) * 2004-12-21 2007-04-25 Honeywell Int Inc Composiciones estabilizadas de yodocarbono

Patent Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3584457A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-06-15 Cox Ass Edwin External combustion power generating system
US4224795A (en) * 1978-12-26 1980-09-30 Allied Chemical Corporation Method for converting heat energy to mechanical energy with monochlorotetrafluoroethane
US4459810A (en) * 1981-05-26 1984-07-17 Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Working fluids for use with rankine cycle
US4651531A (en) * 1982-12-03 1987-03-24 Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Working fluids for Rankine cycle
US4876855A (en) * 1986-01-08 1989-10-31 Ormat Turbines (1965) Ltd. Working fluid for rankine cycle power plant
US5298083A (en) * 1991-08-15 1994-03-29 Alliedsignal Inc. Method of dissolving contaminants from substrates by using hydrofluorocarbon solvents having a portion which is fluorocarbon and the remaining portion is hydrocarbon
US5210106A (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-05-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fine-celled plastic foam containing fluorochemical blowing agent
US5376359A (en) * 1992-07-07 1994-12-27 Glaxo, Inc. Method of stabilizing aerosol formulations
US5696307A (en) * 1994-01-21 1997-12-09 Alliedsignal Inc. Hydrofluoroalkanes as cleaning and degreasing solvents
US6313083B1 (en) * 1995-05-16 2001-11-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Azeotrope-like compositions and their use
US5817708A (en) * 1996-07-19 1998-10-06 The B. F. Goodrich Company Low volatile organic solvent based adhesive
US5993682A (en) * 1996-09-09 1999-11-30 University Of New Mexico Hydrobromocarbon blends to protect against fires and explosions
US6101813A (en) * 1998-04-07 2000-08-15 Moncton Energy Systems Inc. Electric power generator using a ranking cycle drive and exhaust combustion products as a heat source
US6660709B1 (en) * 1998-12-12 2003-12-09 Solvay (Societe Anonyme) Compositions comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and use of these compositions
US6423673B1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2002-07-23 3M Innovation Properties Company Azeotrope-like compositions and their use
US20030134757A1 (en) * 2001-09-19 2003-07-17 Milbrath Dean S. Composition comprising lubricious additive for cutting or abrasive working and a method therefor
US6880344B2 (en) * 2002-11-13 2005-04-19 Utc Power, Llc Combined rankine and vapor compression cycles
US20050247056A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 United Technologies Corporation Startup and control methods for an orc bottoming plant
US20060010872A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-19 Honeywell International Inc. Working fluids for thermal energy conversion of waste heat from fuel cells using rankine cycle systems
US20060116036A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-01 Sundel Timothy N Method and apparatus for decreasing marine vessel power plant exhaust temperature

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011029488A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-03-17 Abb Research Ltd Transformer comprising a heat pipe
CN102696081A (zh) * 2009-09-11 2012-09-26 Abb研究有限公司 包括热管的变压器
US8570131B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2013-10-29 Abb Technology Ag Transformer
US20120017591A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2012-01-26 Leveson Philip D Simultaneous production of electrical power and potable water
ITMI20101121A1 (it) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-22 Exergy Engineering S R L Apparato per convertire energia termica in energia elettrica e/o meccanica tramite un ciclo rankine organico
US8820080B2 (en) * 2010-06-28 2014-09-02 Marvin Duane Julian Nonfractionalized biomass-fueled refrigerant-based cogeneration
DE102013205266A1 (de) * 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wärmekraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmekraftmaschine
US20170241679A1 (en) * 2014-09-02 2017-08-24 Cyclect Electrical Engineering Pte Ltd Heat recovery system and method
US10787936B2 (en) * 2015-08-13 2020-09-29 Gas Expansion Motors Limited Thermodynamic engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101283162A (zh) 2008-10-08
EP1929129A1 (de) 2008-06-11
ZA200802273B (en) 2010-05-26
WO2007033958A1 (en) 2007-03-29
US8245512B2 (en) 2012-08-21
JP2009508978A (ja) 2009-03-05
RU2008115437A (ru) 2009-10-27
KR20080045716A (ko) 2008-05-23
US20110162366A1 (en) 2011-07-07
EP1764487A1 (de) 2007-03-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8245512B2 (en) Working fluid comprising a fluorinated ketone for an ORC process, and ORC apparatus
US11732618B2 (en) Use of perfluoroheptenes in power cycle systems
JP6363748B2 (ja) 有機ランキンサイクル作動流体として有用なクロロ−及びブロモ−フルオロオレフィン化合物
KR101351401B1 (ko) 유기 작동 유체
Roy et al. Performance analysis of an Organic Rankine Cycle with superheating under different heat source temperature conditions
Roy et al. Parametric optimization and performance analysis of a regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle using R-123 for waste heat recovery
JP2015221896A5 (de)
JP2018503702A (ja) 動力サイクルにおける（２ｅ）−１，１，１，４，５，５，５−ヘプタフルオロ−４−（トリフルオロメチル）ペンタ−２−エンの使用
JP2015505928A (ja) 有機ランキンサイクル作動流体として有用なフルオロオレフィン化合物
WO2005085398A2 (en) Fluorinated ketone and fluorinated ethers as working fluids for thermal energy conversion
WO1998006791A1 (en) Pentafluoropropanes and hexafluoropropanes as working fluids for power generation
CN103998563A (zh) 包含e-1，1，1，4，4，5，5，5-八氟-2-戊烯和任选的1，1，1，2，3-五氟丙烷的组合物在功率循环中的用途
JP2018529872A (ja) 動力サイクルにおける１，３，３，４，４，４−ヘキサフルオロー１−ブテンの使用

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SOLVAY FLUOR GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SCHWIEGEL, MARTIN;FLOHR, FELIX;MEURER, CHRISTOPH;REEL/FRAME:021078/0164;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080513 TO 20080526

AS Assignment

Owner name: SOLVAY FLUOR GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SCHWIEGEL, MARTIN;FLOHR, FELIX;MEURER, CHRISTOPH;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080513 TO 20080526;REEL/FRAME:025941/0638

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION