US20040252767A1 - Coding - Google Patents
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- US20040252767A1 US20040252767A1 US10/493,268 US49326804A US2004252767A1 US 20040252767 A1 US20040252767 A1 US 20040252767A1 US 49326804 A US49326804 A US 49326804A US 2004252767 A1 US2004252767 A1 US 2004252767A1
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- H04N19/30—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability
- H04N19/33—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability in the spatial domain
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Definitions
- the invention relates to a video coding.
- each digital image frame is a still image formed from an array of pixels according to the display resolution of a particular system.
- the amounts of raw digital information included in high resolution video sequences are massive.
- compression schemes are used to compress the data.
- Various video compression standards or processes have been established, including, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, and H.263.
- scalability techniques There are three axes on which one can deploy scalability. The first is scalability on the time axis, often referred to as temporal scalability. Secondly, there is scalability on the quality axis, often referred to as signal-to-noise scalability or fine-grain scalability. The third axis is the resolution axis (number of pixels in image) often referred to as spatial scalability or layered coding. In layered coding, the bitstream is divided into two or more bitstreams, or layers. Each layer can be combined to form a single high quality signal. For example, the base layer may provide a lower quality video signal, while the enhancement layer provides additional information that can enhance the base layer image.
- spatial scalability can provide compatibility between different video standards or decoder capabilities.
- the base layer video may have a lower resolution than the input video sequence, in which case the enhancement layer carries information which can restore the resolution of the base layer to the input sequence level.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a known spatial scalable video encoder 100 .
- the depicted encoding system 100 accomplishes layer compression, whereby a portion of the channel is used for providing a low resolution base layer and the remaining portion is used for transmitting edge enhancement information, whereby the two signals may be recombined to bring the system up to high-resolution.
- the high resolution video input Hi-Res is split by splitter 102 whereby the data is sent to a low pass filter 104 and a subtraction circuit 106 .
- the low pass filter 104 reduces the resolution of the video data, which is then fed to a base encoder 108 .
- low pass filters and encoders are well known in the art and are not described in detail herein for purposes of simplicity.
- the encoder 108 produces a lower resolution base stream which can be broadcast, received and via a decoder, displayed as is, although the base stream does not provide a resolution which would be considered as high-definition.
- the output of the encoder 108 is also fed to a decoder 112 within the system 100 .
- the decoded signal is fed into an interpolate and upsample circuit 114 .
- the interpolate and upsample circuit 114 reconstructs the filtered out resolution from the decoded video stream and provides a video data stream having the same resolution as the high-resolution input.
- loss of information is present in the reconstructed stream.
- the loss is determined in the subtraction circuit 106 by subtracting the reconstructed high-resolution stream from the original, unmodified high-resolution stream.
- the output of the subtraction circuit 106 is fed to an enhancement encoder 116 which outputs a reasonable quality enhancement stream.
- the invention provides an apparatus, a layered encoder, a method, a decoder and a method for decoding as defined in the independent claims.
- Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
- the modification unit By providing a modification unit prior to the enhancement unit for transforming the residual signal into a signal with a signal level range of a normal input video signal, standard components can be used in the enhancement coder.
- the modification unit consists of an adder for adding a DC offset to the residual signal, preferably such that the pixel values of the residual signal are shifted to the middle of a predetermined input range of the enhancement coder.
- a method and apparatus for providing spatial scalable compression using adaptive content filtering of a video stream is disclosed.
- the video stream is downsampled to reduce the resolution of the video stream.
- the downsampled video stream is encoded to produce a base stream.
- the bsae stream is decoded and upconverted to produce a reconstructed video stream.
- the reconstructed video stream is subtracted from the video stream to produce a residual stream.
- the residual signal is transformed into a signal with a signal level range of a normal input video signal used for video compression.
- the resulting residual stream is encoded and outputted as an enhancement stream.
- a method and apparatus for decoding compressed video information received in a base stream and an enhancement stream is disclosed.
- the base stream is decoded and then upconverted to increase the resolution of the decoded base stream.
- the enhancement stream is decoded.
- a signal range of the decoded enhancement stream is transformed into a signal range of an original residual signal.
- the upconverted decoded base stream is combined with the transformed enhancement stream to produce a video output.
- FIG. 1 is a block schematic representation of a known encoder with spatial scalability
- FIG. 2 is a block schematic representation of an encoder with spatial scalability according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a block schematic representation of a decoder according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a spatial scalable video encoder 200 according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the depicted encoding system 200 accomplishes layer compression, whereby a portion of the channel is used for providing a low resolution base layer and the remaining portion is used for transmitting edge enhancement information, whereby the two signals may be recombined to bring the system up to high-resolution.
- the high resolution video input is split by splitter 202 whereby the data is sent to a low pass filter 204 and a subtraction circuit 206 .
- the low pass filter 204 reduces the resolution of the video data, which is then fed to a base encoder 208 .
- low pass filters and encoders are well known in the art and are not described in detail herein for purposes of simplicity.
- the encoder 208 produces a lower resolution base stream BS which can be broadcast, received and via a decoder, displayed as is, although the base stream does not provide a resolution which would be considered as high-definition.
- the output of the encoder 208 is also fed to a decoder 212 within the system 200 .
- the decoded signal is fed into an interpolate and upsample circuit 214 .
- the interpolate and upsample circuit 214 reconstructs the filtered out resolution from the decoded video stream and provides a video data stream having the same resolution as the high-resolution input.
- loss of information is present in the reconstructed stream.
- the loss is determined in the subtraction circuit 206 by subtracting the reconstructed high-resolution stream from the original, unmodified high-resolution stream.
- the output of the subtraction circuit 206 is fed into a modification unit 207 .
- the modification unit 207 transforms the residual signal into a signal within the same signal level range as a normal input video signal as used for video compression.
- the modification unit 207 adds a DC-offset value 209 to the residual signal.
- the modification unit 207 also comprises a clip function which prevents the output of the modification unit from going below a predetermined value and above another predetermined value. This DC-offset and clipping operation allows the use of existing standards, e.g., MPEG, for the enhancement encoder where the pixel values are in a predetermined range, e.g., 0 . . . 255.
- the residual signal is normally concentrated around zero.
- the concentration of samples can be shifted to the middle of the range, e.g., 128 for 8 bit video samples.
- the transformed residual signal from the modification unit 207 is fed to an enhancement encoder 216 which outputs a reasonable quality enhancement stream ES.
- the advantage of this addition is that the standard components of the encoder for the enhancement layer can be used and result in a cost efficient (re-use of IP blocks) solution.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a decoder 300 according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a decoder for decoding the encoded signals processed by the layered encoder 200 .
- the base stream is decoded in a base decoder 302 .
- the decoded output from the decoder 302 is upconverted by an upconverter 306 and then supplied to an addition unit 310 .
- the enhancement stream is decoded in a decoder 304 .
- the output of the decoder 304 is supplied to a modification unit 308 .
- the modification unit 308 performs the inverse operation of the modification 207 in the encoder 200 .
- the modification unit 308 converts the decoded enhancement stream from a normal video signal range to the signal range of the original residual signal.
- the output of the modification unit 308 is supplied to the addition unit 310 , where it is combined with the output of the upconverter 306 to form the output of the decoder 300 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Discrete Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP01204066.3 | 2001-10-26 | ||
EP01204066 | 2001-10-26 | ||
EP02075916.3 | 2002-03-08 | ||
EP02075916 | 2002-03-08 | ||
PCT/IB2002/004373 WO2003036982A2 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-21 | Video coding |
Publications (1)
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US20040252767A1 true US20040252767A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
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US10/493,266 Expired - Fee Related US7359558B2 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-21 | Spatial scalable compression |
US10/493,267 Abandoned US20050002458A1 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-21 | Spatial scalable compression |
US10/493,268 Abandoned US20040252767A1 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-21 | Coding |
US10/278,282 Expired - Fee Related US7146056B2 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-23 | Efficient spatial scalable compression schemes |
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US10/493,267 Abandoned US20050002458A1 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-21 | Spatial scalable compression |
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US10/278,282 Expired - Fee Related US7146056B2 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-23 | Efficient spatial scalable compression schemes |
Country Status (7)
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US (4) | US7359558B2 (ko) |
EP (4) | EP1442601A1 (ko) |
JP (4) | JP2005506815A (ko) |
KR (4) | KR20040054746A (ko) |
CN (4) | CN1253008C (ko) |
AU (2) | AU2002339573A1 (ko) |
WO (4) | WO2003036978A1 (ko) |
Cited By (6)
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WO2006078109A1 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-07-27 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method of multi-layer based scalable video encoding and decoding and apparatus for the same |
US20060165302A1 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-07-27 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method of multi-layer based scalable video encoding and decoding and apparatus for the same |
US20070230566A1 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2007-10-04 | Alexandros Eleftheriadis | System and method for providing error resilience, random access and rate control in scalable video communications |
US20100008418A1 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2010-01-14 | Thomson Licensing | Method and apparatus for encoding and/or decoding video data using enhancement layer residual prediction for bit depth scalability |
KR100958253B1 (ko) | 2008-10-21 | 2010-05-17 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | 블록 단위 스케러블 부호화기, 복호화기 및 그 방법 |
US8804848B2 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2014-08-12 | Vidyo, Inc. | Systems and methods for error resilience and random access in video communication systems |
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