US20020074114A1 - Finned heat exchange tube and process for forming same - Google Patents

Finned heat exchange tube and process for forming same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020074114A1
US20020074114A1 US09/945,267 US94526701A US2002074114A1 US 20020074114 A1 US20020074114 A1 US 20020074114A1 US 94526701 A US94526701 A US 94526701A US 2002074114 A1 US2002074114 A1 US 2002074114A1
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Prior art keywords
tube
fin
central tube
metal
heat exchange
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Abandoned
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US09/945,267
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David Fijas
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API Heat Transfer Inc
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Individual
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Priority to US09/945,267 priority Critical patent/US20020074114A1/en
Assigned to API HEAT TRANSFER INC. reassignment API HEAT TRANSFER INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FIJAS, DAVID F.
Publication of US20020074114A1 publication Critical patent/US20020074114A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/34—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely
    • F28F1/36—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely the means being helically wound fins or wire spirals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchange device and, more particularly, to a finned heat exchange tube and to a process for its fabrication.
  • Heat exchange devices that include a fin helically wound around a cylindrical tube are well known in the art.
  • the fin and the tube are each formed of metal, and their interface must be efficiently heat-conductive to ensure optimal heat transfer.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,152,331 to Shoemaker discloses a tubular body to which is attached a helically wound fin flanked on either side by heat-conductive metal stabilizing strands that can be fastened by solder to the fin and tube, each of which is preferably formed from copper.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,960,170 to Carter is directed to a heat exchanger having a tube on which is helically wrapped, in a side by side relationship, a thin fin made from a material of a higher coefficient of expansion than that of the tube and a wire from a material of the same or a smaller coefficient of expansion than that of the tube.
  • the present invention is directed to a finned heat exchange tube that comprises a metal cylindrical central tube having an outer surface and a metal fin helically disposed on and in thermally conductive contact with the outer surface of the tube.
  • the fin has a cross-section of trapezoidal shape that comprises a longer base and a shorter base, with the longer base being in contact with the tube outer surface.
  • the fin can have a cross-section substantially rectangular in shape, having rounded corners and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of the shorter dimension being in contact with the outer surface of the tube.
  • the invention is further directed to a process for forming a heat exchanger tube that comprises helically winding and securing a metal fin on an outer surface of a metal cylindrical central tube.
  • the fin which is in thermally conductive contact with the central tube, has a cross-section of trapezoidal shape that comprises a longer base and a shorter base, the longer base being in contact with the tube outer surface, or alternatively, a substantially rectangular cross-section with rounded corners and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of the shorter dimension being in contact with the outer surface of the tube.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the finned heat exchange tube of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are, respectively, side and end views of the finned heat exchange tube.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange tube along line A-A of FIG.3.
  • FIG. 5 is a detailed view of portion B of FIG. 4 that depicts the trapezoidal cross-section of the fin.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the heat exchange tube wherein the fin has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
  • FIG. 7 is a detailed view of portion C of FIG. 6 that depicts the substantially rectangular cross-section of the fin
  • the drawings are not necessarily to scale.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are various views of a finned heat exchange tube 10 in accordance with the present invention.
  • Tube 10 comprises a metal cylindrical central tube 11 and a metal fin 12 that is helically disposed on an outer surface 13 of tube 11 .
  • Tube 11 and fin 12 can be formed from the same metal or from different metals. For example, depending on the nature of the fluid flowing through tube 10 , it might be desirable to make it from stainless steel, while constructing fin 11 from copper for improved thermal conductivity.
  • Tube 11 preferably is formed from copper, copper-nickel alloy, or stainless steel; fin 12 preferably is made of copper or aluminum. It is important that the interface 14 between tube surface 13 and fin 12 be efficiently heat-conductive to ensure optimal heat transfer.
  • fin 12 can be attached to tube surface 13 by, depending on the metals employed and the intended use of heat exchange tube 10 , adhering means such as solder or polymeric adhesive.
  • adhering means such as solder or polymeric adhesive.
  • Solder alternatives comprising polymeric adhesive pastes are available from, for example, Emerson & Cuming Co., Billerica Mass.
  • central tube 11 has an outside diameter D of, preferably, up to and including about one inch, more preferably, about 1 ⁇ 4 inch
  • fin 12 has a height H of, preferably, up to and including about ⁇ fraction (3/16) ⁇ inch, more preferably, about ⁇ fraction (1/16) ⁇ inch.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of heat exchange tube 10 along line A-A of FIG. 3.
  • the trapezoidal cross-section of fin 12 has a longer base B 1 and a shorter base B 2 , the longer base B 1 being in contact with tube outer surface 13 .
  • This trapezoidal configuration of fin 12 which can be achieved by, for example, subjecting a wire of round cross-section to shaping by suitable roll dies, provides increased contact between fin 12 and tube outer surface 13 , thereby improving heat transfer performance.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, a heat exchange tube 20 comprising a metal central tube 11 and a metal fin 21 helically disposed on tube 11 .
  • the cross-section of fin 21 is substantially rectangular in shape, with rounded corners and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of the shorter dimension being in contact with an outer surface 13 of tube 11 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of fin 21 can be achieved by, for example, using a roll die to flatten a wire of round cross-section.
  • the characteristics of heat exchange tube 20 including its process of formation and mode of operation, are similar to those of heat exchange tube 10 .

Abstract

A finned heat exchange tube includes a metal cylindrical central tube having an outer surface and a metal fin helically disposed on and in thermally conductive contact with the outer surface of the tube. The cross-section of the fin is trapezoidal in shape, with a longer and a shorter base, the longer base being in contact with the outer surface of the tube. Alternatively, the fin can have a cross-section substantially rectangular in shape, having rounded comers and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of the shorter dimension being in contact with the outer surface of the tube. A process for forming a heat exchanger tube comprises helically winding and securing a metal fin on an outer surface of a metal cylindrical central tube. The fin, which is in thermally conductive contact with the central tube, has a cross-section that can be trapezoidal or substantially rectangular in shape.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
  • This application is related to and claims priority from Provisional Application Serial No. 60/230,245, filed Sep. 1, 2000 by David F. Fijas for FINNED HEAT EXCHANGE TUBE AND PROCESS FOR FORMING SAME.[0001]
    • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to a heat exchange device and, more particularly, to a finned heat exchange tube and to a process for its fabrication. [0002]
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Heat exchange devices that include a fin helically wound around a cylindrical tube are well known in the art. Typically, the fin and the tube are each formed of metal, and their interface must be efficiently heat-conductive to ensure optimal heat transfer. [0003]
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,152,331 to Shoemaker discloses a tubular body to which is attached a helically wound fin flanked on either side by heat-conductive metal stabilizing strands that can be fastened by solder to the fin and tube, each of which is preferably formed from copper. [0004]
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,960,170 to Carter is directed to a heat exchanger having a tube on which is helically wrapped, in a side by side relationship, a thin fin made from a material of a higher coefficient of expansion than that of the tube and a wire from a material of the same or a smaller coefficient of expansion than that of the tube. [0005]
  • In addition to devices formed by winding a fin around a tube, as described in the Shoemaker and Carter patents, “low fin” heat exchangers, in which the fins are formed by machining a heavy walled tube, are commercially available. In such devices, the fin and central tube are necessarily made of the same metal. [0006]
  • There is a continuing need for readily manufacturable heat exchange tubes, particularly of small diameter and with a low fin that can, if desired, be constructed of a material different from that of the tube. This need is met by the present invention. [0007]
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention is directed to a finned heat exchange tube that comprises a metal cylindrical central tube having an outer surface and a metal fin helically disposed on and in thermally conductive contact with the outer surface of the tube. The fin has a cross-section of trapezoidal shape that comprises a longer base and a shorter base, with the longer base being in contact with the tube outer surface. Alternatively, the fin can have a cross-section substantially rectangular in shape, having rounded corners and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of the shorter dimension being in contact with the outer surface of the tube. [0008]
  • The invention is further directed to a process for forming a heat exchanger tube that comprises helically winding and securing a metal fin on an outer surface of a metal cylindrical central tube. The fin, which is in thermally conductive contact with the central tube, has a cross-section of trapezoidal shape that comprises a longer base and a shorter base, the longer base being in contact with the tube outer surface, or alternatively, a substantially rectangular cross-section with rounded corners and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of the shorter dimension being in contact with the outer surface of the tube.[0009]
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the finned heat exchange tube of the present invention. [0010]
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are, respectively, side and end views of the finned heat exchange tube. [0011]
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange tube along line A-A of FIG.3. [0012]
  • FIG. 5 is a detailed view of portion B of FIG. 4 that depicts the trapezoidal cross-section of the fin. [0013]
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the heat exchange tube wherein the fin has a substantially rectangular cross-section. [0014]
  • FIG. 7 is a detailed view of portion C of FIG. 6 that depicts the substantially rectangular cross-section of the fin The drawings are not necessarily to scale. [0015]
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • FIGS. 1, 2, and [0016] 3 are various views of a finned heat exchange tube 10 in accordance with the present invention. Tube 10 comprises a metal cylindrical central tube 11 and a metal fin 12 that is helically disposed on an outer surface 13 of tube 11. Tube 11 and fin 12 can be formed from the same metal or from different metals. For example, depending on the nature of the fluid flowing through tube 10, it might be desirable to make it from stainless steel, while constructing fin 11 from copper for improved thermal conductivity. Tube 11 preferably is formed from copper, copper-nickel alloy, or stainless steel; fin 12 preferably is made of copper or aluminum. It is important that the interface 14 between tube surface 13 and fin 12 be efficiently heat-conductive to ensure optimal heat transfer. To achieve good thermal conductivity at interface 14, fin 12 can be attached to tube surface 13 by, depending on the metals employed and the intended use of heat exchange tube 10, adhering means such as solder or polymeric adhesive. Solder alternatives comprising polymeric adhesive pastes are available from, for example, Emerson & Cuming Co., Billerica Mass.
  • Although the length and diameter of [0017] tube 10 and the dimensions and pitch of helically wound fin 12 can be varied over a considerable range, the present invention is particularly advantageous in applications where small diameter heat exchange tubes with low fins are desired, for example, for cooling a fluid such as oil. Referring to FIG. 2, central tube 11 has an outside diameter D of, preferably, up to and including about one inch, more preferably, about ¼ inch, and fin 12 has a height H of, preferably, up to and including about {fraction (3/16)} inch, more preferably, about {fraction (1/16)} inch.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of [0018] heat exchange tube 10 along line A-A of FIG. 3. FIG. 5, a detailed view of portion B of FIG. 4, depicts the trapezoidal cross-section of fin 12.
  • As shown in FIG. 5, the trapezoidal cross-section of [0019] fin 12 has a longer base B1 and a shorter base B2, the longer base B1 being in contact with tube outer surface 13. This trapezoidal configuration of fin 12, which can be achieved by, for example, subjecting a wire of round cross-section to shaping by suitable roll dies, provides increased contact between fin 12 and tube outer surface 13, thereby improving heat transfer performance.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, a [0020] heat exchange tube 20 comprising a metal central tube 11 and a metal fin 21 helically disposed on tube 11. As shown in FIG. 7, a detailed view of portion C of FIG. 6, the cross-section of fin 21 is substantially rectangular in shape, with rounded corners and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of the shorter dimension being in contact with an outer surface 13 of tube 11. The cross-sectional shape of fin 21 can be achieved by, for example, using a roll die to flatten a wire of round cross-section. Apart from the cross-sectional shape of fin 21, the characteristics of heat exchange tube 20, including its process of formation and mode of operation, are similar to those of heat exchange tube 10.
  • The invention has been described in detail for the purpose of illustration, but it is understood that such detail is solely for that purpose, and variations can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the following claims. [0021]

Claims (22)

What is claimed is:
1. A finned heat exchange tube comprising:
a metal cylindrical central tube having an outer surface; and
a metal fin helically disposed on and in thermally conductive contact with said outer surface of said central tube, said fin having a cross-section selected from the group consisting of: a trapezoidal shape comprising a longer base and a shorter base, said longer base being in contact with said outer surface of said central tube; and a substantially rectangular shape having rounded comers and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of said shorter dimension being in contact with said outer surface of said tube.
2. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 wherein said fin cross-section has said trapezoidal shape.
3. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 wherein said fin cross-section has said substantially rectangular shape.
4. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 wherein said central tube and said metal fins are formed from the same metal.
5. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 wherein said central tube and said metal fins are formed from different metals.
6. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 wherein said central tube is formed from a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, copper-nickel alloy, and stainless steel.
7. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 wherein said fin is formed from a metal selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum.
8. The heat exchanger tube of claim 1 wherein said central tube has an outside diameter of up to and including about 1 inch.
9. The heat exchanger tube of claim 8 wherein said central tube has an outside diameter of about ¼ inch.
10. The heat exchanger tube of claim 1 wherein said fin has a height of up to and including about {fraction (3/16)} inch.
11. The heat exchanger tube of claim 10 wherein said fin has a height of about {fraction (1/16)} inch.
12. The heat exchanger tube of claim 1 wherein said fin is connected to said outer surface of said central tube by adhering means.
13. The heat exchanger tube of claim 12 wherein said adhering means is selected from the group consisting of solder and polymeric adhesive.
14. A process for forming a heat exchanger tube, said process comprising:
helically winding and securing a metal fin on an outer surface of a metal cylindrical central tube, said fin being in thermally conductive contact with said outer surface of said central tube and having a cross-section selected from the group consisting of: a trapezoidal shape comprising a longer base and a shorter base, said longer base being in contact with said outer surface of said central tube; and a substantially rectangular shape having rounded comers and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of said shorter dimension being in contact with said outer surface of said tube.
15. The process of claim 14 wherein said fin cross-section has said trapezoidal shape.
16. The process of claim 14 wherein said fin cross-section has said substantially rectangular shape.
17. The process of claim 14 wherein said central tube and said metal fins are formed from the same metal or from different metals.
18. The process of claim 14 wherein said central tube is formed from a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, copper-nickel alloy, and stainless steel, and said fin is formed from a metal selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum.
19. The process of claim 14 wherein said central tube has an outside diameter of up to and including about one inch, and said fin has a height of up to and including about {fraction (3/16)} inch.
20. The process of claim 19 wherein said central tube has an outside diameter of about ¼ inch, and said fin has a height of about {fraction (1/16)} inch.
21. The process of claim 14 wherein said fin is connected to said outer surface of said central tube by adhering means selected from the group consisting of solder and polymeric adhesive.
22. A finned heat exchange tube comprising:
a metal cylindrical central tube having an outer surface, said tube being formed from copper or stainless steel and having an outside diameter of about ¼ inch.; and
a metal fin helically disposed on and in thermally conductive contact with said outer surface of said central tube, said fin being formed from copper and having a height of about {fraction (1/16)} inch, said fin further having a cross-section selected from the group consisting of: a trapezoidal shape comprising a longer base and a shorter base, said longer base being in contact with said outer surface of said central tube; and a substantially rectangular shape having rounded comers and sides of longer and shorter dimensions perpendicular to one another, a side of said shorter dimension being in contact with said outer surface of said tube.
US09/945,267 2000-09-01 2001-08-31 Finned heat exchange tube and process for forming same Abandoned US20020074114A1 (en)

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US09/945,267 US20020074114A1 (en) 2000-09-01 2001-08-31 Finned heat exchange tube and process for forming same

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050082051A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-04-21 Yasuaki Hashimoto Heat conduction pipe externally covered with fin member
US20050189099A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-09-01 Leonid Hanin Heat exchange device
EP1729079A1 (en) * 2005-05-30 2006-12-06 Son S.R.L. Method for producing a heat exchange unit for a recovery steam generator, a heat exchange unit, a recovery steam generator and a tube for a heat exchange unit
US20090294112A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-03 Nordyne, Inc. Internally finned tube having enhanced nucleation centers, heat exchangers, and methods of manufacture
US20100276122A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Daly Phillip F Re-direction of vapor flow across tubular condensers
US20100276123A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Daly Phillip F Tubular condensers having tubes with external enhancements
US20160305717A1 (en) * 2014-02-27 2016-10-20 Wieland-Werke Ag Metal heat exchanger tube

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2440803A (en) * 1945-07-07 1948-05-04 Doyle & Roth Company Finned tube
US3047712A (en) * 1961-02-23 1962-07-31 American Mach & Foundry Method and apparatus for welding striplike material to curved surfaces
WO1997025577A1 (en) * 1996-01-11 1997-07-17 Fintube Limited Partnership Composite metal fin and method for producing the same

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050082051A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-04-21 Yasuaki Hashimoto Heat conduction pipe externally covered with fin member
US7093650B2 (en) * 2003-09-01 2006-08-22 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. Heat conduction pipe externally covered with fin member
US20050189099A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-09-01 Leonid Hanin Heat exchange device
US7290598B2 (en) 2004-02-26 2007-11-06 University Of Rochester Heat exchange device
EP1729079A1 (en) * 2005-05-30 2006-12-06 Son S.R.L. Method for producing a heat exchange unit for a recovery steam generator, a heat exchange unit, a recovery steam generator and a tube for a heat exchange unit
US20090294112A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-03 Nordyne, Inc. Internally finned tube having enhanced nucleation centers, heat exchangers, and methods of manufacture
US20100276122A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Daly Phillip F Re-direction of vapor flow across tubular condensers
US20100276123A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Daly Phillip F Tubular condensers having tubes with external enhancements
US8196909B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2012-06-12 Uop Llc Tubular condensers having tubes with external enhancements
US20120222447A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2012-09-06 Uop Llc Tubular Condensers Having Tubes with External Enhancements
US8684337B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2014-04-01 Uop Llc Tubular condensers having tubes with external enhancements
US8910702B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2014-12-16 Uop Llc Re-direction of vapor flow across tubular condensers
US9671173B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2017-06-06 Uop Llc Re-direction of vapor flow across tubular condensers
US20160305717A1 (en) * 2014-02-27 2016-10-20 Wieland-Werke Ag Metal heat exchanger tube
US11073343B2 (en) * 2014-02-27 2021-07-27 Wieland-Werke Ag Metal heat exchanger tube

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AU2001288633A1 (en) 2002-03-13
WO2002018847A2 (en) 2002-03-07
WO2002018847A3 (en) 2002-10-03

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AS Assignment

Owner name: API HEAT TRANSFER INC., NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FIJAS, DAVID F.;REEL/FRAME:012546/0942

Effective date: 20011023

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION