US1812108A - Separator - Google Patents

Description

June 30, 1931. E. w. M CULLOUGH SEPARATOR Filed Nov. 1, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 v mm E. W. M CULLOUGH June 30, 1931.

SEPARATOR Filed Nov. 1, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. fXV/N Mfi-C'aimwbc ATTORNEYS.

Patented June 30, l

rnvmwfiltcdurnoudir; or mnmnnrons nmnnaf i g I M Application an November 1, liege, Serial no, 1145,3815,

' This invention relates to a -'separator,

This invention is continuationin part of the copendi-ng application, Serial No; 653,403,- filed fJ uly 23,--1923,'entitled Garbage reducer. f T-he chief ObjBCliOfthG invention is to separate a material such; as relatively :dry dis= integrated garbage tank'age into several- 0011- stituents,- one of Which has. the characteristic. of r'elative'ly low specific gravity or-relatively small size; whereby said f constituentmay be separated from cofi'eegrounds, paper wads;

eggshell particles, metallics', minerals; glass 7 and china resulting in a product satisfa-ctory for'--food*purposes. =1 jjS "I g -The chief-featureof theinvention consists in pa'ssing amaterial of the character'describedthroughm separator so: constructed that themetallics and minerals ofminute sizeare removed from the materlal andlthereaifter the desired; constituent; town, the" included low" specific gravity or relatively small size food product particlesare separated from V Y the mass, the resulting overruns being suit abl'e' for successive processing through the same machine until such time .as'the final overrun is only satisfactory forfertilizer base sincefsubstan'tially all commercial food values have'been remo'ved'fromthe overrun; i The machine generically consists of'a move supporting! surface, upon whichlthe material is proj ected preferably in sheet or layer-formation, and through which surface the heavy, small particles such 1 as glass, china, sand," minerals and metallicsrare 35- separated fromithe mass' by screening an from which mass by an. overhead pneumatic;

orr'suction" device, the relatively lighter and desirable particles are removedwhen View of the separator; Fig. Zis an end elethe size of a ea.

vation thesame.f Fig.-3 is'anwenlarged sectional-viewparticularly of...theperforated screen, particularizing brush, overrun {col-f lectors,feed1n'g mechanism,"pneumati'c'sep aratimg mechanism and associated parts and: Y;. ls-taken on*line-33fof'Fig.

'2 and" in the; dlICtlOIl'Of the arrows.- U

In the drawings Figs.- 1

tion fdisclosed f in original -Figs. '-7- and 8, off application, Serial No: 653,403, filed July 23, I 1 923; and' FigsJl and-50f applicationSerial No; 698,'1 06,filed March 10', 1924. r p

" llnlthe drawings-10indicates a rectan ular' ll'flmeuponwhijch-is' mounted'channel 0rm-' f ing -means' ll havlng conveylng means such as the screw 12 therein,[ wh 1ch -f'eeds a spout l3fcontrolled by suitable'means such asthe gate-valve orcut" f fe-plate 14'." Spoutv13. dischargos intohopper-j 15 and positioned imme'diately'beneath the I open mouth of this hopper andi-n spacedrelation therewith" is a; measuring feeding device of suitable for-m such an endless constructionindi'cated 'gen'- erally-by the numeral plurality of spaced or p'ara'llelbars 17 conmated by a plurality. of .parallel chains;

The upper-run'of this 'endless construction passes; over asuitable support 18. This par-:

la yra t-conveyor and measuring "de.-- soi vie'vei'is selffeleaning' Also theforegoing ar-- i rangement permits the dischargeof-only* apredetermined amount ofmaterial from. the l hopper for conveyance to the separatingde v dvlce'lin the form of-theinvention herein'illus-- 8 The sheetformingand measuring conveyor discharges the marin te a baffle board 19 5 which is 'adjustably "mounted by j-pivot "20R and brackets 21,0-1' inanyother-suitable man- '9 ner. Bafile board 19"discharges the material in) the aforesaid sheet} formation towards "a rotary b I' QQ, V i IQ 1 g Usuallythematerialeventhough in sheet. formation, is balled -andmayvary upto 9 This balled-- material sired constituent,butthe usually is ofthe d mass is such thatitwould notbefseparated a pneumatically; Thus the overrun would contain muchdesirable material thatshould' I 1improvedforms of the sam general inven-li 1'6 "and including a" 751 be separated. Brush 22 running against the baflie board breaks apart or divides the balled material into the finer particles and thus separates the material which may have been stuck together, into separated and finer particles and also gives an even spread or layer of material on the foraminated supporting surfacewhich in the present invention is illustrated as a drum having a perforated screen surface 23.

The finely divided or -partieulariz'ed material is projected by the brush action, to wit, its engagement with the baflie board upon the surface of the drum, which projection drives a great deal of the finer and particularly the inorganic material, through the drum surface openings. 7 Also from the point of deposition of the material upon the drum surface .to the point where it is subjected to pneumatic action, the mass of said material is subjected to vibration of the machine and by gravity the smaller. heavier particles such as sand, glass, china, minerals and meta-llics, pass through saidscreen perforations and into the drum. These particles thereafter pass through the perforations of the drum surface substantially opposite from their point of entrance and are collected in a pan 26 beneath the drum and arethus permanently removed from the material. The largest particles roll overthe approach side of the drum 23 and constitute one separation.

The particularized material which is sup ported by the foraminated surface, see the adjustment at 100, Fig. 3, is passed beneath the suction spout having a mouth 24 in spaced relation to said surface and relatively movable with respectto. said surface. The suction in the spout 25 carries upwardly the smaller and lighter particles of material from the massleaving the remainder, which in the present instance is carried beyond said mouth by the drum until it drops off of the drum as the overrun and is collected by the hopper 27. If the degree of separation is suitable and the same is herein indicated as such, the overruns which discharge into the hopper 27 from both sides or ends of the drum thereupon discharge into the mouth 28 of the channel 29 containing a suitable conveyor in the form of a screw 30 which. removes the discharges from themachine and conveys the same toa fertilizer forming machinery or storage, or the conveyor may return the discharges to the separator for rerunmng.

Upon the lower part of the framework there is mounted an electric motor 31 which drives a speed reducer 32 which drives chain 33 meshing with sprocket 34 upon the shaft 35 of the drum 23. The drum is thus rotated by motor 31. Also mountedupon the shaft 35 is sprocket 36 which drives a chain 37 that passes over an idler gear 38. This may be a tension adjusting gear if desired. The

chain 37 also passes under sprocket gear 30 upon shaft 40 of the brush 22 and thus serves to rotate the brush 22 oppositely from drum 23. The chain also passes over sprocket gear 41 upon the shaft 42, which shaft 42 carries the gears 43 meshing with and driving the chain construction 16. The rear end of the chain construction 16 is similar to the forward end, that is, an idler shaft 44 carries the gears 45 similar to power shaft 42 carrying the gears 43. j The suction conduit 25 includes a control or butterfly valve 46 pivotally supported at .47 and associated therewith is an arcuate arm 48 adj ustably secured as at 49 for maintaining the butterfly 46in any predetermined position to secure predetermined suctionin the conduit 25 and at the mouth 24. Asuction fan or exhauster 50 mounted on shaft 51,.

driven by motor 52 secures the suction. Motor 52 is mounted upon the upper part of theframework. The exhauster discharge 53 is connected to any suitable collector where.- by. the desirable constituents retained by the suction action on the material such asgar; bage material, are collected. 1 As shown in the drawings, the conduit 25 is initially tapered upwardlyand outwardly which enhances or increases the following action: The suction is initially sufficient at the mouth 24 of, the conduit 25 to elevate all of the smaller and lighter particles and some of the smaller slightly heavier particles. As these two types of particularized material pass up wardly into increased cross sectional area adjacent the mouth of the spout, the coarser and relatively heavier particles attemptto return to the, mouth and pass therefrom. In this movement, therefore, thesev particles engageand oppose the other and ascending particles and tend to separate or clean them. Thus, a cleaning action is secured, which when viewed resembles the rise and fall of the sand particles in a flowingspring.

The foregoing may be briefly described as sorting and settling to this extent; the larger and relatively heavier particles gradually fall out of the stream and return tothe drum by which they are carried'over and discharged into the overrun. The resultant material, therefore is thus further sorted .and cleaned while separated. It is to-beunderstood that the perforated portion of the surface is in spaced relation with the mouth 24 of the suction tube 25 for the most efiicient action and for commercial degrees of separation,

The foregoing apparatus permits of four way separation, one over the screen in one direction, one upwardly and pneumatically,

one through the screen, and a fourth over the screen in the opposite direction. The drum is herein shown cylindrical with the axis of rotation positioned in a plane between the brush 39 and the spout The invention claimed is:

In a pneumatic separator the combination of a cylindrical, perforated, continuously rotating horizontal screen, an oppositely rotating: parallel brush positioned immediately thereabove and. slightly offset from the vertical plane including the screen axis and uponthe approach side of the screen, a superposed pneumatic separating spout similarly positioned but'oppositely ofl'setand having its mouth terminating adjacent the screen surface, and means for supplylng a measured quantity of materialto the brush whereby '1' the latter particularizes the material and throws the'same in a direction opposite to I 1 the direction imparted thereto by the screen when projected thereon whereby four-way separation is obtained.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto aflixed I my signature.

' ERVIN W. MoCULLOUGH;

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